610:,"To Thessaly Magnesia joins, in which is the fountain of Libethra1. Its towns are Iolcos2, Hormenium, Pyrrha3, Methone4, and Olizon5. The Promontory of Sepias6 is here situate. We then come to the towns of Casthanea7 and Spa- lathra8, the Promontory of Æantium9, the towns of Melibœa10, Rhizus, and Erymnæ11; the mouth of the Peneus, the towns of Homolium12, Orthe, Thespiæ, Phalanna13, Thaumacie14, Gyrton15, Crannon16, Acharne17, Dotion18, Melitæa, Phylace19, and Potniæ20. The length of Epirus, Achaia, Attica, and Thessaly is said altogether to amount to 490 miles, the breadth to 287. 1 Near Libethrum; said to be a favourite haunt of the Muses, whence their name "Libethrides." It is near the modern Goritza."
46:
256:) and Leivithra. He was killed by women who had been enraged and was buried in Leivithra. According to a legend recounted by Pausanias, the city was to be destroyed by a wild boar, as soon as Orpheus' bones saw the sun. A careless shepherd moved the top of Orpheus' grave and the sunlight touched Orpheus' remnants. Thereupon, the river Sys (ancient Greek name for wild boar, biological name: Sus Scrofa) swelled strongly and a flood destroyed the place.
580:,"Immediately when night came the god sent heavy rain, and the river Sys (Boar), one of the torrents about Olympus, on this occasion threw down the walls of Libethra, overturning sanctuaries of gods and houses of men, and drowning the inhabitants and all the animals in the city. When Libethra was now a city of ruin, the Macedonians in Dium, according to my friend of Larisa, carried the bones of Orpheus to their own country."
362:
34:
683:
Plut. Alex. 14" the image of
Orpheus at Leibethra (it was made of cypress-wood) sweated profusely at about that time. Most people feared the sign, but Aristander bade Alexander be of good cheer, assured that he was to perform deeds worthy of song and story, which would cost poets and musicians much
304:
The acropolis was fortified by a wall. The north side wall was constructed of small stones, whereas the south side wall consists of large, stacked stone blocks. On the west side, the foundation of a tower was uncovered. The shape of other buildings vary and are irregularly built at narrow streets.
218:
In Larisa I heard another story, how that on
Olympus is a city Libethra, where the mountain faces, Macedonia, not far from which city is the tomb of Orpheus. The Libethrians, it is said, received out of Thrace an oracle from Dionysus, stating that when the sun should see the bones of Orpheus, then
337:
The foundation of a former vineyard were cleared in the east-facing plain. Built in the middle of the 4th century BC, it was destroyed by a fire approximately at the beginning of the 3rd century BC. Fragments of a nearly 2,000-liter clay storage container are exhibited in the
283:
Findings from the time of the last settlement date from the year 100 BC. What ultimately caused the destruction of the settlement is still unclear. According to the latest findings, it is thought to have been an earthquake, possibly in connection with subsequent flooding.
301:, but coins from other parts of Greece have been unearthed as well. Also found were small clay vessels, large clay storage containers, fragments of metal work and arrow and spear tips. A weight of lead was found bearing the inscription ΛΕΙΒΗ (LEIBE).
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314:
The parts of the acropolis that had been unearthed so far are temporarily covered for their protection. Through a construction of metal baskets filled with stones, the hill was partially secured against further slipping.
219:
the city of
Libethra would be destroyed by a boar. The citizens paid little regard to the oracle, thinking that no other beast was big or mighty enough to take their city, while a boar was bold rather than powerful.
248:
The Muses lived near sources and were devoted to literature, science, and fine arts. According to Hesiod, they delighted Zeus with their singing. They looked into the past, into the present, and into the future.
818:
397:
The main building of the park was modeled on the ancient winery the foundation of which was excavated in the plain of
Leivithra (Komboloi). Within the building, the development of the region from the
408:; in the immediate vicinity is a small open-air theater, which was created in the form of an ancient amphitheater. Behind the theater, a staircase leads to the opposite archaeological site.
394:. The foundation consist of stone and the basic framework of wood. The walls were made of a mixture of clay and straw, in which goat hair was incorporated. The roof was covered with reed.
747:
423:. Inside and outside the main building exhibitions of local artists and clubs take place. In addition to classical tragedies and comedies, the theater also performs concerts and plays.
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Along the ways are plants that play a role in Greek mythology and whose importance is explained on information boards. On the southwestern edge of the park is a small forest trail.
872:
854:
1000:
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The foundations have a remarkable depth and indicate a multi-story structure. The upper walls were made of bricks and the roofs were covered with tiles. Large clay storage pots (
800:
268:, Canalia. The excavations so far confirm that the acropolis was inhabited from the 8th century BC to the 1st century BC. The surrounding area was inhabited at least since the
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927:
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The circular route starts at the ground plan of a house that dates back to the
Mycenaean era. It was discovered in the course of road construction near Platamon.
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1015:
509:
725:
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Further along is an oval-shaped house, which was built in the 8th century BC. The dimensions of the ground plan were modeled on a house excavated in
165:, 1.5 of which belong to the fortified acropolis. The acropolis is bordered by the Griva and Kavourolaka rivers, which flow into the Ziliana river.
607:
223:
The Muses also gathered up the fragments of his body and buried them at
Leibethra below Mount Olympus, where the nightingales sang over his grave.
192:, or to have lived in the city only temporarily. His tomb was later destroyed by a flood of the river Sys. It was a place where the Leibethrian
647:... had cults of the Muses at several sites in Pieria: Pimpleia, Olympos, Leibethra, and perhaps Thourion. Leibethra and Pimpleia were also ...
990:
908:
339:
568:, 1996, page 333, "... tomb. It was said that this had once been at Leibethra and that an oracle of the Thracian Dionysus had predicted ..."
980:
61:
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161:, which reaches an altitude of 130 meters, and the plain below it stretching towards the sea. The excavation site covers an area of 150
804:
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The acropolis has been excavated only randomly, and the vast majority remains untouched. Excavated silver coins were predominantly of
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The area forms part of the
Archaeological Park of Leivithra. Since the park is dedicated to Mount Olympus as well as to
45:
114:
452:
995:
172:
identified the location of ancient
Leibethra. In 1914 the location was confirmed by his countryman André Plassart.
513:
252:
Orpheus, the son of Muse
Calliope and the Thracian king of Oiagros, was born in a cave between Pimpleia (near
196:
were worshiped. Remains of
Leibethra have been found and there exists an archeological site close to Olympus.
729:
985:
211:
319:
534:, 2009, page 10: "... Muses collected them, and buried them at the place called Leibethra : ..."
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272:. In approximately 169 BC, the Romans erected their army camp in the plain between Herakleion (now
235:
577:
129:(13th–12th century BC) containing rich burial objects. Leivithra played a remarkable role in the
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On the west side of the park, four pavilions inform about the life and work of Orpheus and the
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The location of Leibethra was held to be a favourite place of the Muses, hence their epithet
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In addition to the poet and musician Orpheus, the place is also associated with the Muses.
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of the Muses were also located in Leibethra. Well-known springs and memorials dedicated to
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153:. It is about four kilometers from the coast and two kilometers north of the village of
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http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0130%3Acard%3D1
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543:
Orpheus and Greek Religion (Mythos Books) by William Keith Guthrie and L. Alderlink,
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118:
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33:
560:
The Dictionary of Classical Mythology by Pierre Grimal and A. R. Maxwell-Hyslop,
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269:
126:
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551:, 1993, page 34: "...the tomb was near the town of Leibethra on Olympos. ..."
188:
is said to have been born in Leibethra, and to have been buried there by the
76:
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896:(Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology, Vol 107) (Hardcover) by Carlos Parada
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457:
www.google.de/maps/@40.0274976,22.5341465,3391m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m2!10m1!1e2
354:, the park's paths are shaped like his associated musical instrument, the
242:, the cypress-wood statue of Orpheus was said to have sweated as an omen.
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Efi. Poulaki-Pantermali, J. Dimitriadiadis (cooperation E. Klinaki):
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Leibethra means canals in Greek, as does the equivalent Roman-era
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Leibethra is located at the eastern foot of Mount Olympus in the
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The archeological park of Leivithra is one of the venues of the
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125:. Archaeologists have discovered tombs there from the late
311:) where excavated from within the floor of the dwellings.
903:.: Greek Ministry for Culture and Sport, Salonica 2013,
917:.: Greek Ministry for Culture and Sport, Katerini 2008.
453:"BIRDS VIEW OF THE ANCIENT LEIVITHRA AND SURROUNDINGS"
901:
Makedonikos Olympos. Mythos – Istoria – Archaeologia
715:. Greek Ministry of Culture and Sport, 2013, p. 125.
620:
Pausanias, Description of Greece Boeotia, 9.30.9 ff.
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27th department of antiquities in Greece, Leibethra
55:
967:- Ancient Sites, Museums, Monasteries and Churches
526:Orpheus: Ancient Greek History by Gregory Zorzos,
401:to the destruction of the place is represented.
578:Pausanias, Description of Greece Boeotia,9.30.1
322:and Skotina) graves were discovered from the
8:
1001:Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Greece
19:
954:Free Travel Guide about the Olympus region
944:http://www.theoi.com/Text/Pausanias9B.html
318:In the neighborhood (Voulkani, Vakoufika,
18:
790:. Greek Ministry of Culture, 2008, p. 35.
777:. Greek Ministry of Culture, 2008, p. 32.
764:. Greek Ministry of Culture, 2008, p. 21.
499:. Greek Ministry of Culture, 2008, p. 22.
486:. Greek Ministry of Culture, 2008, p. 26.
473:. Greek Ministry of Culture, 2008, p. 27.
663:. Oxford University Press. p. 169.
635:. Oxford University Press. p. 169.
444:
819:"FARMHOUSES OF THE MACEDONIAN OLYMPUS"
510:"THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE OF LEIVITHRA"
369:The park is divided into three areas:
1011:Populated places in ancient Macedonia
894:Genealogical Guide to Greek Mythology
873:"ARCHAEOLOGICAL INFORMATION BUILDING"
340:Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki
184:, depending on the source consulted,
7:
855:"PARK OF LEIVITHRA - THE OVAL HOUSE"
608:Pliny the Elder, The Natural History
168:In the 19th century, the Frenchman
38:The Acropolis of Ancient Leivithra
14:
1016:Former populated places in Greece
693:Hesiod, Theogony, lines 29 to 52.
121:, near the present settlement of
938:Archaeological Park of Leivithra
726:"FINDINGS OF MACEDONIAN OLYMPUS"
44:
32:
373:Educational and recreation area
933:Leibethra, The Tomb of Orpheus
661:Greek Nymphs: Myth, Cult, Lore
633:Greek Nymphs: Myth, Cult, Lore
101:, in the modern pronunciation
1:
684:toil and sweat to celebrate."
332:Archaeological Museum of Dion
991:Locations in Greek mythology
433:List of ancient Greek cities
276:) and Leibethra, during the
231:were there in great number.
981:Geography of ancient Pieria
210:The 2nd-century geographer
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801:"CEMETERIES OF LEIVITHRA"
786:Poulaki-Pandermali, Efi.
773:Poulaki-Pandermali, Efi.
760:Poulaki-Pandermali, Efi.
711:Poulaki-Pandermali, Efi.
495:Poulaki-Pandermali, Efi.
482:Poulaki-Pandermali, Efi.
469:Poulaki-Pandermali, Efi.
157:. The city comprises the
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24:
899:Efi Poulaki-Pantermali:
659:Jennifer Larson (2001).
631:Jennifer Larson (2001).
702:Pausanias Book 9, 30, 4
77:40.027432°N 22.538824°E
16:Ancient Macedonian city
379:Forest and environment
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221:
390:, at the foot of the
365:The Oval Shaped House
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216:
744:"LEIVITHRA TIMELINE"
278:Third Macedonian War
117:city at the foot of
82:40.027432; 22.538824
940:(Greek und English)
837:"PARK OF LEIVITHRA"
713:Makedonikos Olympos
346:Archaeological Park
236:Alexander the Great
111:Λείβηθρα or Λίβηθρα
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959:2021-03-19 at the
595:2008-09-30 at the
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996:Pierian mythology
909:978-960-386-110-2
320:Palaia Leptokarya
299:Macedonian origin
147:Central Macedonia
143:Pieria Prefecture
131:history of Pieria
113:) was an ancient
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293:Excavations
288:Archaeology
201:Libethrides
170:Léon Heuzey
80: /
56:Coordinates
975:Categories
439:References
274:Platamonas
270:Bronze Age
127:Bronze Age
115:Macedonian
68:22°32′20″E
65:40°01′39″N
915:Leivithra
788:Leivithra
775:Leivithra
762:Leivithra
590:Leibethra
497:Leivithra
484:Leivithra
471:Leivithra
254:Litochoro
212:Pausanias
176:Mythology
159:acropolis
103:Leivithra
95:Leibethra
20:Leibethra
957:Archived
593:Archived
427:See also
328:Iron Age
214:writes:
163:hectares
137:Location
99:Libethra
26:Λείβηθρα
1006:Orpheus
963:Title:
352:Orpheus
266:toponym
260:History
229:Orpheus
186:Orpheus
155:Skotina
123:Skotina
907:
667:
639:
564:
547:
530:
388:Krania
308:pithoi
240:Persia
194:Nymphs
151:Greece
406:Muses
234:When
225:Cults
190:Muses
107:Greek
905:ISBN
665:ISBN
637:ISBN
562:ISBN
545:ISBN
528:ISBN
356:lyre
97:or
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