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in Santa Maria del Fiore, and gave all of its measurements, which, if they had ever been known, had been lost; more importantly, it scientifically justified the need for a new gnomon. So convincing were
Ximenes' reasons that the politicians of the time and the Opera del Duomo financed the
390:
in the
Collegio di S. Giovannino in Florence. The observatory was the first to be established in Florence and the first in Italy to be set up in a Jesuit college. Upon the temporary suppression of the Society of Jesus in 1773, the laboratory was entrusted to the
526:
350:
and the other planets. Like others who had studied the obliquity of the ecliptic without sufficiently precise instruments, Ximenes had to compare the modern measurements with the ancient ones. The result of his research,
337:
In
Ximenes' day, one of the astronomical problems debated in scientific circles was how to measure the secular variation in the obliquity of the ecliptic. Its solution was thought to be a kind of benchmark for the new
417:. Relations between the two got gradually worse especially after the case about the water of Lake Bientina which, at the end of the 1750s, led the two Jesuits to oppose each other in front of the Emperor in Vienna.
268:
to his mother and his paternal uncle. Only after their deaths would it have gone to the
Society, save an annual allowance of 40 onze for himself, which he posthumously donated to establish a chair of
318:, bears in the margin the order to start work on the project immediately. That same year, on July 18, Ximenes sent the Grand Duke of Tuscany a memorandum asking to be appointed professor of
511:
909:
856:
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326:, and the administration was so efficient that, exactly three months after the request, he was appointed Reader in Geography to His Imperial Majesty with a
480:
Nuove sperienze idrauliche fatte ne' canali, e ne' fiumi per verificare le principali leggi e fenomeni delle acque correnti dell'abate
Leonardo Ximenes ...
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220:
school, he became a mathematician, a hydraulic and civil engineer, and was an eminently respected astronomer in his day. The astronomical observatory,
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902:
565:
963:
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for the Grand Duchy. He is known for building canals, including the
Imperial Canal situated nearby to the locality Dogana di Tiglio and the
978:
770:
756:
849:
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Del vecchio e nuovo gnomone fiorentino e delle osservazioni astronomiche fisiche ed architettoniche fatte nel verificarne la costruzione
264:
as a priest in training. In
February 2, 1750, he professed the four vows, thus divesting himself of all his property, which he left in
973:
895:
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407:
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for the sons of an important
Florentine nobleman, the marchese Vincenzo Riccardi. In Florence Ximenes befriended the Tuscan scholar
720:
Mazzucconi F, Righini A, Ranfagni P (2006). "Leonardo
Ximenes S.J. e il grande gnomone in Santa Maria del Fiore, in Firenze".
842:
334:(equivalent to that of a workman) and a grant of 9,000 lire to buy the instruments necessary for practicing his profession.
439:
Notizia de' tempi de' principali fenomeni del cielo nuovamente calcolati secondo le ultime tavole cassiniane per l'anno 1754
429:
Notizia de' tempi de' principali fenomeni del cielo nuovamente calcolati secondo le ultime tavole cassiniane per l'anno 1753
275:
The obscure Jesuit from
Trapani entered the exclusive sphere of Florentine culture in 1748, when he began service as a math
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and continued to study at the school in Trapani, where he completed the curriculum. At the age of 20 he was sent to the
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Manzoni, Laura (2021). "La Biblioteca antica dell'Osservatorio Ximeniano: da Leonardo Ximenes ai giorni nostri".
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221:
171:
125:
80:
560:
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Dissertazione intorno alle osservazioni solstiziali del 1775 allo gnomone della metropolitana fiorentina
371:
722:
Giornale di astronomia: Rivista di informazione cultura e didattica della Società Astronomica Italiana
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La Trasmissione della Conoscenza Registrata: Scritti in Onore di Mauro Guerrini Offerti Dagli Allievi
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origin. As a boy, he was educated at the Jesuit school in his native town. In 1731 he entered the
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58:
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The work was prodigious, consisting of nearly 400 printed pages, illustrated by copperplate
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La "guerra delle acque" in Toscana: storia delle bonifiche dai Medici alla riforma agraria
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375:
295:
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Suter, Rufus (1964). "Leonardo Ximenes and the Gnomon at the Cathedral of Florence".
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Dissertatio de maris aestu, ac praesertim de viribus lunae, solisque mare moventibus
302:, concerning an ambitious project: measuring the variation in the obliquity of the
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355:(On the old and the new Florentine Gnomon, 1757), is considered his masterpiece.
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construction of this instrument, which was completed in a remarkably short time.
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Digital DISCI. Il Portale del Dizionario storico dei cartografi italiani
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Leonardo Ximenes: uno scienziato nella Toscana lorenese del Settecento
703:
386:, at the time the largest lake in Tuscany. In 1756 Ximenes founded an
362:. It described the condition of the Florentine gnomon constructed by
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228:, is named after him in recognition of his services to the field.
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16:
Italian Jesuit, mathematician, engineer, astronomer and geographer
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413:
Ximenes had various scientific disputes with his fellow Jesuit
500:
Teoria e pratica delle resistenze de' solidi ne' loro attriti
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Teoria e pratica delle resistenze de' solidi ne' loro attriti
398:
Ximenes died in Florence on 3 May 1786. He was member of the
186:(27 December 1716 – 3 May 1786) was a famous
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651:
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342:, since it could be calculated by taking into account the
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to Emmanuel de Nay, count of Richecourt (1697–1768), the
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of Paris. He was among the first members of the Italian
883:
830:
472:(in Italian). Livorno: Giovanni Vincenzo Falorni. 1776.
290:(1740–70). In the spring of 1755, he presented a brief
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In Siena: nella stamperia di Luigi, e Benedetto Bindi.
256:
at Trapani in 1743, at the age of 27, he returned to
452:(in Italian). Firenze: Pietro Gaetano Viviani. 1755.
442:(in Italian). Firenze: Pietro Gaetano Viviani. 1753.
432:(in Italian). Firenze: Pietro Gaetano Viviani. 1752.
382:. These canals were part of an effort to drain the
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120:
97:
87:
65:
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493:(in Italian). Vol. 1. Pisa: Samuel Fuà. 1782.
878:This article about an Italian mathematician is a
462:(in Italian). Firenze: Stamperia Imperiale. 1757.
314:. The document, preserved in the archives of the
136:Giuseppe Ximenes and Tommasa Ximenes (née Corso)
825:This article about an Italian astronomer is a
503:(in Italian). Firenze: Pietro Allegrini. 1782.
903:
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8:
657:
711:Barsanti, Danilo; Rombai, Leonardo (1987).
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18:
759:, Volume 100: Vittorio Emanuele I–Zurlo
627:Mazzucconi, Righini & Ranfagni 2006
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395:, with whom Ximenes continued working.
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353:Del vecchio e nuovo Gnomone fiorentino
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7:
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757:Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani
929:18th-century Italian mathematicians
763:Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
566:Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
882:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
829:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
14:
969:Italian people of Spanish descent
750:Pult Quaglia, Anna Maria (2020).
671:Barsanti, D.; Rombai, L. (1986).
591:Fondazione Osservatorio Ximeniano
934:18th-century Italian astronomers
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817:
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322:at the Florentine "studio", or
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236:Leonardo Ximenes was born in
964:18th-century Italian Jesuits
408:National Academy of Sciences
252:to pursue advanced studies.
979:Italian mathematician stubs
533:Nuove esperienze idrauliche
400:Russian Academy of Sciences
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477:Ximenes, Leonardo (1780).
364:Paolo dal Pozzo Toscanelli
344:gravitational perturbation
737:. In A. D'Ascenzo (ed.).
733:Rombai, Leonardo (2018).
518:Terza memoria idrometrica
402:and correspondent of the
370:Ximenes worked also as a
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28:
974:Italian astronomer stubs
216:After having attended a
554:Carusi, Enrico (1937).
240:into a noble family of
124:having established the
415:Roger Joseph Boscovich
300:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
222:Osservatorio Ximeniano
172:University of Florence
126:Osservatorio Ximeniano
81:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
669:On this question see
561:Enciclopedia Italiana
404:Académie des sciences
312:Santa Maria del Fiore
272:at a Jesuit college.
260:and was then sent to
160:Hydraulic engineering
761:(in Italian). Rome:
270:experimental physics
949:People from Trapani
752:"XIMENES, Leonardo"
745:on 24 October 2021.
735:"Ximenes, Leonardo"
715:. Edizioni Medicea.
675:. Firenze: Medicea.
556:"XIMENES, Leonardo"
587:"La nostra storia"
372:hydraulic engineer
288:Novelle letterarie
107:University teacher
959:Italian engineers
954:Jesuit scientists
891:
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658:Pult Quaglia 2020
641:, pp. 79–82.
340:theory of gravity
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142:Scientific career
59:Kingdom of Sicily
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51:27 December 1716
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306:with the great
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73:(aged 69)
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629:, p. 83.
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250:Roman College
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884:expanding it
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743:the original
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698:(1): 79–82.
695:
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595:. Retrieved
593:(in Italian)
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571:18 September
569:. Retrieved
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246:Jesuit Order
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168:Institutions
141:
71:(1786-05-03)
944:1786 deaths
939:1716 births
784:: 257–266.
728:(1): 83–90.
612:Rombai 2018
388:observatory
154:Mathematics
128:in Florence
98:Occupations
88:Nationality
923:Categories
684:References
639:Suter 1964
360:engravings
324:university
292:memorandum
207:geographer
203:astronomer
113:Astronomer
69:3 May 1786
47:1716-12-27
320:Geography
232:Biography
157:Astronomy
133:Parent(s)
597:28 March
564:. Rome:
304:ecliptic
266:usufruct
262:Florence
254:Ordained
226:Florence
199:engineer
110:Engineer
77:Florence
380:Tuscany
330:of 700
298:of the
285:journal
242:Spanish
238:Trapani
188:Italian
92:Italian
55:Trapani
788:
769:
704:227759
702:
535:, 1780
520:, 1763
376:hamlet
328:salary
308:gnomon
218:Jesuit
211:Sicily
191:Jesuit
148:Fields
700:JSTOR
541:Notes
421:Works
348:Venus
277:tutor
209:from
880:stub
827:stub
786:ISBN
767:ISBN
692:Isis
599:2024
573:2024
332:lire
258:Rome
205:and
66:Died
41:Born
410:.
346:of
310:in
224:in
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765:.
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724:.
696:55
694:.
646:^
619:^
589:.
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201:,
197:,
193:,
79:,
57:,
911:e
904:t
897:v
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858:e
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706:.
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49:)
45:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
