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killing Lt. Col. Lemuel Penn. When a local jury failed to convict the suspects of murder, the federal government successfully prosecuted the men for violations under the new Civil Rights Act of 1964, passed just nine days before Penn's murder. The case was instrumental in the creation of a
Justice Department task force whose work culminated in the Civil Rights Act of 1968.
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On the night of July 11, 1964 three
African-American World War II veterans returning home following training at Ft. Benning, Georgia were noticed in Athens by local members of the Ku Klux Klan. The officers were followed to the nearby Broad River Bridge where their pursuers fired into the vehicle,
521:
by a federal district court jury; their four co-defendants, however, were acquitted. Sims and Myers were each sentenced to 10 years in prison, then the statutory maximum on the civil right charges. They served about six years. Howard Sims was killed by flea market owner Edward U. Skinner with a
452:, earning a Bronze Star. When he was murdered at the age of 48, he had been an assistant administrator for the public schools in Washington, D.C., and the father of two daughters and one son, Linda, 13, Sharon, 11, and Lemuel Jr., 5. In the 1940s, Penn had worked for
482:– James Lackey, Cecil Myers and Joseph Howard Sims – who noted its D.C. license plates. Sims then said "That must be one of President Johnson's boys", evidently motivated by racial hatred. The group followed the car with their
502:. Just before the highway reaches the Broad River, the Klansmen's Chevy II pulled alongside Penn's Biscayne. Cecil Myers raised a shotgun and fired; from the back seat, Howard Sims did the same. Penn was killed instantly.
517:. On June 27, 1966, criminal proceedings began against Sims, Myers, Lackey, and three other local Klansmen, Herbert Guest, Denver Phillips, and George Hampton Turner. Two weeks later, Sims and Myers were found guilty of
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552:, in which the Court affirmed the ability of the government to apply criminal charges to private conspirators, who with assistance from a state official, deprive a person of rights secured by the
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Authorities quickly identified Myers, Sims, and Lackey as those responsible. Sims and Myers were tried in state superior court but found not guilty by an
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during an argument on June 1, 1981, at the age of 58. James Lackey died at age 66 in 2002. Cecil Myers died in 2018 at the age of 79.
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Penn was driving home, together with two other black
Reserve officers, to Washington, D.C. from
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at
Georgia Highway 172 and Broad River Bridge on the Madison/Elbert County Border states:
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Murder at Broad River Bridge: The
Slaying of Lemuel Penn by Members of the Ku Klux Klan
506:
861:
This Day in
Georgia History - August 31, 1964 - Trial in Lemuel Penn Murder Case Began
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486:, with Sims saying "I'm going to kill me a nigger". The shooting occurred on a
409:(September 19, 1915 – July 11, 1964) was the Assistant Superintendent of
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Alschuler, Albert W. (February 1995). "Racial Quotas and the Jury".
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509:. Federal prosecutors eventually charged both for violating Penn's
3247:
852:
This Day in
Georgia History - July 11, 1964 - Lemuel Penn Killed
2662:
1268:
1230:
897:
673:"On Race and Justice: A look back at the murder of Lemuel Penn"
199:
717:"Explore Georgia's Historical Markers - Lt. Col. Lemuel Penn"
3216:
Association of
Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching
474:
returning from their annual summer training camp. Their
3433:
National Museum of
African American History and Culture
554:
Fourteenth
Amendment of the United States Constitution
546:
Penn's murder was the basis of the Supreme Court case
3700:
Racially motivated violence against African Americans
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802:Pillar of Fire: America in the King Years, 1963-65
2877:Thomas Moss, Henry Stewart, Calvin McDowell (TN)
462:, and is cited in that book's acknowledgments.
575:by Thomas A. Parker. Facts on File, Inc. p. 69
1271:List of lynching victims in the United States
1242:
909:
756:(4). Duke University School of Law: 704–743.
325:Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States
309:Hebrew Benevolent Congregation Temple bombing
211:
8:
444:and served as an officer in World War II in
3307:Emmett Till Unsolved Civil Rights Crime Act
440:, Lemuel Penn joined the Army Reserve from
3275:
3137:
3123:Henry Hezekiah Dee and Charles Eddie Moore
2853:Elijah Frost, Abijah Gibson, Tom McCracken
2659:
1278:
1265:
1249:
1235:
1227:
916:
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805:. Simon & Schuster. pp. 398–400.
587:
585:
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581:
533:, the Lemuel Penn Memorial Committee, and
478:was spotted by three white members of the
218:
204:
196:
40:
29:
3705:Deaths by firearm in Georgia (U.S. state)
3599:"The United States of Lyncherdom" (Twain)
3059:Thomas Harold Thurmond and John M. Holmes
1837:William "Froggie" James and Henry Salzner
456:on the landmark study of race relations,
3715:Deaths by person in Georgia (U.S. state)
628:
626:
624:
622:
498:, twenty-two miles north of the city of
383:University of Georgia desegregation riot
3695:People murdered in Georgia (U.S. state)
3428:National Memorial for Peace and Justice
649:"Highway 172 revisited | Online Athens"
565:
3685:Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
870:Hatfield, Edward A. (August 5, 2013).
3710:July 1964 events in the United States
3065:Roosevelt Townes and Robert McDaniels
2971:Lynching rampage in Brooks County, GA
878:. Georgia Humanities Council and the
824:. Atlanta, Georgia: Peachtree Press.
529:The historical marker erected by the
429:, nine days after the passage of the
7:
3720:Ku Klux Klan in Georgia (U.S. state)
3640:Lynching deaths in the United States
2770:Samuel Bierfield and Lawrence Bowman
1182:Murders of Harry and Harriette Moore
697:Hornick, Andrew (October 29, 2018).
3301:Justice for Victims of Lynching Act
3077:O'Day Short, wife, and two children
2859:T.J. House, James West, John Dorsey
425:who was murdered by members of the
935:Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC)
601:The Ku Klux Klan: A Secret History
27:American murder victim (1915–1964)
25:
3670:1964 murders in the United States
3201:American Crusade Against Lynching
2847:Nevlin Porter and Johnson Spencer
494:in Madison County, Georgia, near
3690:Murdered African-American people
3413:America's Black Holocaust Museum
3196:American anti-lynching activists
3168:Nadir of American race relations
2758:Steve Long and two half-brothers
2694:Great Hanging at Gainesville, TX
1215:Civil rights movement portal
1208:
151:
126:
107:
3619:Wilmington insurrection of 1898
3253:National Conference on Lynching
2811:Juan, Antonio, and Marcelo Moya
2688:Marais des Cygnes, KS, massacre
2029:Mary Turner and her unborn baby
777:Thompson, Jim (July 11, 2004).
411:Washington, D.C. public schools
2735:Gallatin County, KY, race riot
848:at Arlington National Cemetery
1:
3635:Lynching in the United States
2936:Springfield race riot of 1908
1354:Steve Long, Ace and Con Moyer
1258:Lynching in the United States
573:Violence in the U.S.: 1956-67
3680:People from Washington, D.C.
3529:Murder of Jimmie Lee Jackson
3460:And you are lynching Negroes
3312:Emmett Till Antilynching Act
3047:Thomas Shipp and Abram Smith
2953:Harris County, GA, lynchings
2895:Wilmington, NC, insurrection
2741:New Orleans massacre of 1866
535:Colbert Grove Baptist Church
3675:Victims of the Ku Klux Klan
3438:Southern Poverty Law Center
3083:Moore's Ford, GA, lynchings
2711:? Lachenais and four others
2149:James Harvey and Joe Jordan
1466:Samuel "Mingo Jack" Johnson
880:University of Georgia Press
96:Arlington National Cemetery
3736:
2919:1906 Atlanta race massacre
2889:Phoenix, SC, election riot
2865:New Orleans 1891 lynchings
2817:Benjamin and Mollie French
721:Georgia Historical Society
531:Georgia Historical Society
423:United States Army Reserve
3226:William O'Connell Bradley
3136:
2965:East St. Louis, IL, riots
2717:Fort Pillow, TN, massacre
2700:New York City draft riots
2669:
2658:
1277:
1264:
1197:
931:
413:, a decorated veteran of
352:Savannah Protest Movement
303:Holmes v. City of Atlanta
239:
39:
3490:Deaths in police custody
2977:Jenkins County, GA, riot
2788:Chinese massacre of 1871
2706:Detroit race riot (1863)
2341:Lynching of Raymond Gunn
2133:Dick Rowland (attempted)
876:New Georgia Encyclopedia
515:Civil Rights Act of 1964
431:Civil Rights Act of 1964
114:United States of America
3471:Battle of Liberty Place
3466:Attack on John Shillady
3454:James Allen (collector)
3287:Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill
3071:Beaumont, TX, Race Riot
2995:Omaha race riot of 1919
2983:Longview, TX, race riot
2959:Newberry, FL, lynchings
2901:Julia and Frazier Baker
2883:Porter and Spencer (MS)
2835:Thibodeax, LA, massacre
2793:Meridian, MS, race riot
2776:Opelousas, LA, massacre
1749:Paul Reed and Will Cato
1434:Big Nose George Parrott
1081:Delano Herman Middleton
846:Lemuel Penn's tombstone
820:Shipp, William (1981).
799:Branch, Taylor (1998).
779:"Highway 172 revisited"
492:Georgia State Route 172
480:United Klans of America
46:Lt. Col. Lemuel A. Penn
3605:United States v. Shipp
3357:Rebecca Latimer Felton
3188:Anti-lynching movement
3105:Freedom Summer Murders
3035:Rosewood, FL, massacre
3000:Knoxville riot of 1919
1869:Laura and L. D. Nelson
1051:Martin Luther King Jr.
549:United States v. Guest
544:
394:United States v. Guest
3576:Summer in Mississippi
3523:Mississippi Cold Case
3477:The Birth of a Nation
3418:Civil Rights Memorial
3347:Sidney Johnston Catts
3325:Defenders of lynching
3011:Duluth, MN, lynchings
2989:Elaine, AR, race riot
2947:Laura and L.D. Nelson
2913:Watkinsville lynching
2871:Ruggles Brothers (CA)
2829:Hamburg, SC, massacre
2805:Election riot of 1874
2752:Camilla, GA, massacre
2674:Death of Joseph Smith
1298:Elijah Parish Lovejoy
1202:Civil Rights Movement
1188:Mississippi Cold Case
925:Civil Rights Memorial
539:
472:Fort Benning, Georgia
388:Murder of Lemuel Penn
319:Atlanta's Berlin Wall
228:Civil Rights Movement
140:Years of service
3294:Costigan-Wagner Bill
3231:Ella Barksdale Brown
3029:Perry, FL, race riot
2941:Slocum, TX, massacre
2841:Mart and Tom Horrell
2799:Colfax, LA, massacre
2782:Bear River City riot
2632:James Craig Anderson
2432:Robert "Bobbie" Hall
2037:Hazel "Hayes" Turner
1011:Roman Ducksworth Jr.
981:Johnnie Mae Chappell
872:"Lemuel Penn Murder"
784:Athens Banner-Herald
634:"Lemuel Penn Murder"
616:Alschuler 1995, 706.
407:Lemuel Augustus Penn
268:Albany Freedom Rides
177:Philippines Campaign
34:Lemuel Augustus Penn
3536:The Ox-Bow Incident
3516:Mississippi Burning
3367:John Trotwood Moore
3023:Tulsa race massacre
3017:Ocoee, FL, massacre
2512:Mack Charles Parker
2440:Willie James Howard
1131:Henry Ezekial Smith
1101:Mack Charles Parker
1096:William Lewis Moore
1086:Charles Eddie Moore
1076:Carol Denise McNair
605:The History Channel
459:An American Dilemma
372:Williams v. Georgia
172:New Guinea Campaign
3550:Reconstruction era
3362:John Temple Graves
3206:Jessie Daniel Ames
3153:Indiana White Caps
2823:Ellenton, SC, riot
2746:Reno Brothers Gang
2496:Judge Edward Aaron
1693:Ballie Crutchfield
1041:Jimmie Lee Jackson
1036:Samuel Hammond Jr.
1006:Henry Hezekiah Dee
677:mainstreetnews.com
607:documentary, 1998.
519:conspiracy charges
476:Chevrolet Biscayne
419:Lieutenant Colonel
157:Lieutenant Colonel
134:United States Army
62:September 19, 1915
3652:
3651:
3648:
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3593:They Won't Forget
3510:Lynching postcard
3423:The Legacy Museum
3392:James K. Vardaman
3332:Theodore G. Bilbo
3320:
3319:
3211:Martin C. Ansorge
3132:
3131:
3117:Michael Schwerner
2924:Kemper County, MS
2764:Pulaski, TN, riot
2654:
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2650:
2649:
2357:Shedrick Thompson
2237:Bernice Raspberry
1957:Name unknown (MS)
1861:Name unknown (TX)
1482:Joseph Vermillion
1450:John Wesley Heath
1224:
1223:
1161:Ben Chester White
1151:Virgil Lamar Ware
1126:Michael Schwerner
991:Addie Mae Collins
442:Howard University
403:
402:
358:Wright v. Georgia
290:Leesburg Stockade
285:Americus movement
194:
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16:(Redirected from
3727:
3447:Related articles
3397:Thomas E. Watson
3387:Benjamin Tillman
3352:Thomas Dixon Jr.
3276:
3138:
3041:Jim and Mark Fox
2729:Memphis massacre
2664:Multiple victims
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2560:Wharlest Jackson
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1973:Anthony Crawford
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1965:Jesse Washington
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1370:John W. Stephens
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1290:Francis McIntosh
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1166:Sammy Younge Jr.
1121:Carole Robertson
1056:Bruce W. Klunder
1046:Wharlest Jackson
1001:Jonathan Daniels
918:
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749:Duke Law Journal
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653:onlineathens.com
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438:African American
365:Other localities
346:City of Savannah
332:City of Columbus
279:City of Americus
242:State of Georgia
234:
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155:
143:1942 – 1964
132:
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3560:Scottsboro Boys
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3093:Harriette Moore
3053:Tate County, MS
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2600:Arthur McDuffie
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2438:
2430:
2422:
2414:
2403:
2397:Elbert Williams
2395:
2389:Austin Callaway
2387:
2379:
2371:
2363:
2355:
2347:
2339:
2331:
2323:
2315:
2307:
2299:
2293:Thomas Williams
2291:
2283:
2277:Thomas Bradshaw
2275:
2269:Albert Williams
2267:
2259:
2253:Joseph Upchurch
2251:
2243:
2235:
2227:
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2211:
2203:
2195:
2187:
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2155:
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2115:
2107:
2099:
2091:
2083:
2075:
2067:
2059:
2051:
2043:
2035:
2027:
2019:
2011:
2003:
1995:
1987:
1979:
1971:
1963:
1955:
1947:
1939:
1931:
1923:
1915:
1909:George Saunders
1907:
1899:
1891:
1883:
1875:
1867:
1859:
1851:
1843:
1835:
1827:
1819:
1811:
1803:
1795:
1787:
1779:
1771:
1763:
1757:Bunk Richardson
1755:
1747:
1739:
1731:
1723:
1715:
1707:
1699:
1691:
1683:
1672:
1666:Benjamin Thomas
1664:
1656:
1648:
1640:
1632:
1626:Joseph H. McCoy
1624:
1618:William Andrews
1616:
1608:
1600:
1592:
1586:Richard Puryear
1584:
1576:
1568:
1560:
1552:
1544:
1536:
1528:
1520:
1512:
1504:
1496:
1488:
1480:
1472:
1464:
1456:
1448:
1442:Charles Thurber
1440:
1432:
1426:Joseph Standing
1424:
1416:
1408:
1400:
1392:
1384:
1376:
1368:
1360:
1352:
1346:Clubfoot George
1344:
1336:
1328:
1320:
1312:
1304:
1296:
1288:
1273:
1260:
1255:
1225:
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1207:
1193:
1170:
1146:Clarence Triggs
1116:John Earl Reese
971:Willie Brewster
954:
938:
927:
922:
884:
882:
869:
842:
832:
819:
813:
798:
795:
793:Further reading
776:
762:10.2307/1372922
745:
742:
737:
736:
726:
724:
715:
714:
710:
696:
695:
691:
682:
680:
671:
670:
666:
657:
655:
647:Thompson, Jim.
646:
645:
641:
632:
631:
620:
615:
611:
599:
595:
590:
579:
571:
567:
562:
468:
404:
399:
378:Augusta sit-ins
339:King v. Chapman
314:Atlanta sit-ins
296:City of Atlanta
273:Albany movement
248:Gray v. Sanders
235:
226:
224:
127:
125:
106:
98:
79:
75:
65:Washington D.C.
63:
57:
55:
47:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3733:
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3625:
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3608:
3601:
3596:
3589:
3579:
3572:
3570:Stone Mountain
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3539:
3532:
3526:
3519:
3512:
3507:
3500:
3492:
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3420:
3415:
3409:
3407:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3382:Goodloe Sutton
3379:
3374:
3372:John T. Morgan
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3342:Julian S. Carr
3339:
3337:Cole L. Blease
3334:
3328:
3326:
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3318:
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3314:
3309:
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3255:
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3245:
3238:
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3228:
3223:
3221:Flossie Bailey
3218:
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3208:
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3120:
3113:Andrew Goodman
3102:
3096:
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2916:
2910:
2907:Pana, IL, riot
2904:
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2880:
2874:
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2648:
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2636:
2628:
2624:James Byrd Jr.
2620:
2612:
2608:Michael Donald
2604:
2596:
2588:
2580:
2572:
2564:
2556:
2548:
2540:
2532:
2524:
2516:
2508:
2504:Willie Edwards
2500:
2492:
2484:
2476:
2468:
2460:
2452:
2444:
2436:
2428:
2424:Johannes Kunze
2420:
2411:
2409:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2401:
2393:
2385:
2377:
2369:
2365:George Armwood
2361:
2353:
2345:
2337:
2329:
2321:
2313:
2305:
2297:
2289:
2285:Winston Pounds
2281:
2273:
2265:
2257:
2249:
2241:
2233:
2225:
2217:
2209:
2201:
2193:
2185:
2177:
2169:
2161:
2153:
2145:
2137:
2129:
2121:
2113:
2105:
2097:
2093:John Hartfield
2089:
2085:Wesley Everest
2081:
2073:
2069:Wallace Baynes
2065:
2061:Olli Kinkkonen
2057:
2053:Jim McIlherron
2049:
2041:
2033:
2025:
2017:
2009:
2001:
1993:
1985:
1977:
1969:
1961:
1953:
1945:
1937:
1933:Charles Fisher
1929:
1921:
1913:
1905:
1897:
1889:
1881:
1873:
1865:
1857:
1849:
1841:
1833:
1825:
1817:
1809:
1801:
1793:
1785:
1777:
1769:
1761:
1753:
1745:
1741:Marie Thompson
1737:
1729:
1721:
1717:J. D. Mayfield
1713:
1705:
1697:
1689:
1680:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1670:
1662:
1654:
1646:
1638:
1630:
1622:
1614:
1606:
1598:
1590:
1582:
1574:
1566:
1558:
1554:Samuel J. Bush
1550:
1542:
1534:
1526:
1518:
1510:
1502:
1494:
1490:George Meadows
1486:
1478:
1470:
1462:
1454:
1446:
1438:
1430:
1422:
1414:
1406:
1398:
1390:
1382:
1378:Alexander Boyd
1374:
1366:
1358:
1350:
1342:
1334:
1326:
1318:
1310:
1306:Josefa Segovia
1302:
1294:
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1198:
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1194:
1192:
1191:
1184:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1156:Cynthia Wesley
1153:
1148:
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1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1026:Andrew Goodman
1023:
1018:
1016:Willie Edwards
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
976:Benjamin Brown
973:
968:
962:
960:
956:
955:
953:
952:
946:
944:
940:
939:
932:
929:
928:
923:
921:
920:
913:
906:
898:
892:
891:
867:
858:
849:
841:
840:External links
838:
837:
836:
830:
817:
811:
794:
791:
790:
789:
774:
741:
738:
735:
734:
723:. 16 June 2014
708:
689:
664:
639:
618:
609:
593:
591:Thompson 2004.
577:
564:
563:
561:
558:
507:all-white jury
467:
464:
401:
400:
398:
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385:
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343:
342:
329:
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262:City of Albany
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88:
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81:Madison County
78:(aged 48)
72:
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14:
13:
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3565:Silent Parade
3563:
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3537:
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3527:
3525:
3524:
3520:
3518:
3517:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3505:
3504:Hang 'Em High
3501:
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3271:
3268:
3265:
3264:Strange Fruit
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3243:
3239:
3237:
3236:Father Divine
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
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3189:
3185:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3158:Jim Crow laws
3156:
3154:
3151:
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3118:
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2930:Walker family
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2640:Ahmaud Arbery
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2621:
2617:
2616:Yusef Hawkins
2613:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2592:Betty Gardner
2589:
2585:
2584:Marian Pyszko
2581:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2568:Carol Jenkins
2565:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2552:Vernon Dahmer
2549:
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2525:
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2517:
2513:
2509:
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2480:George W. Lee
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2333:James Cameron
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2325:George Hughes
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2317:J. C. Collins
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2310:
2309:Leonard Woods
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2197:Fred N. Selak
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2045:George Taylor
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2022:
2021:Robert Prager
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2005:Charles Jones
2002:
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3270:Ida B. Wells
3258:Paul Robeson
3163:Ku Klux Klan
3109:James Chaney
3099:Anniston, AL
2723:Plummer Gang
2678:Joseph Smith
2576:Henry Marrow
2536:Frank Morris
2527:
2464:Willie Earle
2373:Cordie Cheek
2301:Henry Choate
2221:Dan Anderson
2181:Raymond Byrd
2165:Samuel Smith
2117:Willie Baird
1997:Frank Little
1989:Paulo Boleta
1917:Robert Perry
1893:Mary Jackson
1853:King Johnson
1805:James Hodges
1725:George White
1709:Walker Davis
1610:Jacob Henson
1538:Robert Lewis
1498:Ellen Watson
1386:Jim Williams
1362:Wyatt Outlaw
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1186:
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1071:Viola Liuzzo
1031:Paul Guihard
1021:Medgar Evers
986:James Chaney
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883:. Retrieved
875:
865:Georgia Info
863:Provided by
856:Georgia Info
854:Provided by
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740:Bibliography
725:. Retrieved
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679:. 2014-07-24
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163:Battles/wars
76:(1964-07-11)
3665:1964 deaths
3614:(1999 film)
3498:(1936 film)
3377:James Rolph
3279:Legislation
3242:Flag Salute
2682:Hyrum Smith
2528:Lemuel Penn
2520:Louis Allen
2488:Emmett Till
2472:Lamar Smith
2448:Recy Taylor
2381:Claude Neal
2229:Will Sherod
2213:John Carter
2189:James Clark
2141:Henry Lowry
2013:Ell Persons
1901:Rob Edwards
1877:Will Porter
1733:David Wyatt
1701:George Ward
1578:Henry Smith
1474:Amos Miller
1458:Eliza Woods
1394:David Jones
1338:Bill Sketoe
1322:Joshua Boyd
1282:Before 1900
1141:Emmett Till
1136:Lamar Smith
1106:Lemuel Penn
1091:Oneal Moore
1066:Herbert Lee
966:Louis Allen
885:18 December
727:18 December
703:921wlhr.com
488:Broad River
450:Philippines
189:Bronze Star
18:Lemuel Penn
3659:Categories
3628:Categories
3555:Red Summer
3248:N.A.A.C.P.
3173:Red Shirts
3005:Red Summer
2544:James Reeb
2416:Felix Hall
2408:After 1940
2157:Joe Pullen
2125:Roy Belton
2077:Will Brown
1981:Jeff Brown
1941:John Evans
1925:? Anderson
1829:"Pie" Hill
1797:Jim Miller
1773:Slab Pitts
1765:Ed Johnson
1602:Amos Hicks
1522:Dick Lundy
1514:Jim Taylor
1111:James Reeb
683:2023-08-10
658:2018-02-02
560:References
513:under the
490:bridge on
446:New Guinea
103:Allegiance
58:1915-09-19
3545:(musical)
2261:Joe Smith
2205:Tom Payne
2173:L. Q. Ivy
2101:Jay Lynch
1949:Leo Frank
1677:1900–1940
3612:Vendetta
3148:Lynching
3119:) (1964)
2684:) (1844)
1658:Sam Hose
950:Maya Lin
943:Designer
484:Chevy II
448:and the
120:Service/
3141:General
1530:Joe Coe
1402:Jo Reed
1175:Related
959:Martyrs
770:1372922
524:shotgun
496:Colbert
421:in the
232:Georgia
85:Georgia
3543:Parade
3531:(1965)
3406:Memory
3125:(1964)
3101:(1961)
3095:(1952)
3085:(1946)
3079:(1945)
3073:(1943)
3067:(1937)
3061:(1933)
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2690:(1858)
2642:(2020)
2634:(2011)
2626:(1998)
2618:(1989)
2610:(1981)
2602:(1979)
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2586:(1975)
2578:(1970)
2570:(1968)
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2015:(1917)
2007:(1917)
1999:(1917)
1991:(1916)
1983:(1916)
1975:(1916)
1967:(1916)
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1943:(1914)
1935:(1914)
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500:Athens
466:Murder
417:and a
185:Awards
131:
122:branch
91:Buried
3089:Harry
766:JSTOR
3586:list
3496:Fury
3178:Jews
3091:and
2807:(AL)
887:2015
826:ISBN
807:ISBN
729:2015
148:Rank
71:Died
52:Born
758:doi
436:An
230:in
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