68:
43:
400:(breathing tube) of the infected caterpillar. As the maggot continues to mature, it eventually consumes the internal contents of its host. The fly larva then leaves its host. The fly pupates and emerges as a mature fly approximately 10 to 14 days later. A mature female fly lays between 15 and 204 eggs in her lifetime.
325:
may regulate the population or have an effect on the fall migration of eastern monarch butterflies to Mexico. The butterfly does not survive the infection and it is estimated that 6.2% of wild-monitored monarch butterflies are killed by this fly. Even monarch butterfly eggs can be infected.
510:
943:
882:
693:
963:
923:
843:
869:
380:
then hatches and burrows through the surface of the host. Total brood size varies, but typically ranges from 1-10 maggots per host. After
958:
948:
613:
739:
511:"Lespesia archippivora (Diptera: Tachinidae) Survival and Sex Ratios within Monarch Butterfly (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) Hosts"
874:
633:
933:
396:
substrate. While residing inside its host, the maggot moves freely. After 3 days, the fly larva adheres itself close to a
753:
671:
257:
lives in the body of its host resulting in its death. This is not uncommon since it is estimated that about 10% of all
552:
887:
67:
712:
472:
Riley, C. (1871). "Third annual report on the noxious, beneficial and other insects, of the State of
Missouri".
953:
938:
579:
338:
488:
221:
199:
772:
414:
412:
can infect a host, other parasites, called hyperparasitoids can infect the parasite. A species of wasp,
397:
182:
928:
817:
273:. It is common in North America and other species exist worldwide. One study suggests the species is
318:
32:
282:
208:
62:
895:
804:
609:
605:
598:
530:
900:
748:
575:
548:
522:
450:
446:
330:
306:
300:
288:
361:
334:
917:
294:
52:
47:
809:
795:
856:
526:
369:
270:
266:
139:
246:
239:
129:
534:
280:
It is used as a biological control of a number of pests, such the army worm (
830:
381:
314:
274:
250:
99:
79:
789:
365:
159:
149:
848:
258:
242:
861:
434:
430:
389:
377:
349:
109:
89:
766:
509:
Geest, Emily A.; Wolfenbarger, L. Lareesa; McCarty, John P. (2019).
835:
442:
438:
393:
357:
822:
770:
373:
353:
119:
580:
10.1674/0003-0031(2007)157[312:pombdp]2.0.co;2
632:
Juliao B. Etchegary and
Toshiyuri Nishada (August 1975).
474:
Annual Report of the State Board of
Agriculture, Missouri
591:
589:
392:, exit their hosts as a late stage larva and hide under
596:
Karen S. Oberhauser; Michelle J. Solesky, eds. (2004).
321:. Researchers do not all agree that a high census of
779:
360:stage. After mating, the female begins to locate a
651:(1). Honolulu, Hawaii: University of Hawaii: 41–49
597:
694:"Causes of death encountered during rearing of
600:The Monarch Butterfly; Biology and Conservation
418:was found to have infected the tachinid larva,
265:is a generalist and able to infect at least 25
672:"Tachinid Fly Parasitizes Monarch Caterpillar"
8:
489:"Butterflies of Australia & New Zealand"
467:
465:
767:
645:Proceeding, Hawaiian Entomological Society
364:. She acts quickly when she finds a host,
41:
20:
372:. The female fly places relatively large
341:to reduce the population of army worms.
461:
705:Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society
352:occurs within the first day after the
269:species in addition to one species of
944:Taxa named by Charles Valentine Riley
755:Progeny Allocation by the Parasitoid
692:Brewer, Jo; Gerard M. Thomas (1966).
604:. Cornell University Press. pp.
7:
627:
625:
964:Diptera used as pest control agents
924:IUCN Red List least concern species
759:(Diptera: Tachinidae) in Larvae of
553:"Parasitism of Monarch Butterflies
329:In 1898 it was introduced into the
14:
245:, which, like all tachinids, are
388:maggots go through three larval
66:
670:Marlos, Daniel (12 June 2012).
568:The American Midland Naturalist
515:The American Midland Naturalist
1:
750:Tachinids of Bertha armyworm
711:(4): 235–238. Archived from
368:at the posterior end of the
527:10.1674/0003-0031-182.2.265
304:), and variegated cutworm (
980:
286:), sugarcane leaf roller (
214:
207:
188:
181:
63:Scientific classification
61:
39:
30:
23:
959:Diptera of North America
949:Parasites of Hymenoptera
763:(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
339:biological control agent
313:It is a concern in the
638:(Diptera: Tachinidae)"
636:Lespesia archchippvora
561:(Diptera: Tachinidae)"
781:Lespesia archippivora
757:Lespesia Archippivora
743:Lespesia archippivora
559:Lespesia archippivora
386:Lespesia archippivora
235:Lespesia archippivora
192:Lespesia archippivora
25:Lespesia archippivora
934:Parasites of insects
218:Tachina archippivora
174:L. archippivora
415:Perilampus hyalinus
319:monarch butterflies
33:Conservation status
745:from Monarch Watch
298:), black cutworm (
283:Mythimna unipuncta
911:
910:
896:Open Tree of Life
773:Taxon identifiers
761:Spodoptera Exigua
549:Oberhauser, Karen
433:, United States,
376:on the host. The
356:emerged from its
292:), corn earworm (
261:are parasitoids.
231:
230:
225:
56:
971:
904:
903:
891:
890:
878:
877:
865:
864:
852:
851:
839:
838:
826:
825:
813:
812:
800:
799:
798:
768:
727:
726:
724:
723:
717:
702:
696:Danaus plexippus
689:
683:
682:
680:
678:
667:
661:
660:
658:
656:
642:
629:
620:
619:
603:
593:
584:
583:
565:
555:Danaus plexippus
545:
539:
538:
506:
500:
499:
497:
495:
484:
478:
477:
469:
451:Marshall Islands
447:Hawaiian Islands
404:Hyperparisitoids
331:Hawaiian Islands
307:Peridroma saucia
238:is a species of
220:
194:
71:
70:
50:
45:
44:
21:
979:
978:
974:
973:
972:
970:
969:
968:
954:Parasitic flies
939:Diptera of Asia
914:
913:
912:
907:
899:
894:
886:
881:
873:
868:
860:
855:
847:
842:
834:
829:
821:
816:
808:
803:
794:
793:
788:
775:
736:
731:
730:
721:
719:
715:
700:
691:
690:
686:
676:
674:
669:
668:
664:
654:
652:
640:
631:
630:
623:
616:
595:
594:
587:
563:
547:
546:
542:
508:
507:
503:
493:
491:
486:
485:
481:
471:
470:
463:
458:
428:
420:L. archippivora
410:L. archippivora
406:
347:
323:L. archippivora
301:Agrotis ipsilon
289:Omiodes accepta
263:L. archippivora
255:L. archippivora
203:
196:
190:
177:
65:
57:
46:
42:
35:
17:
12:
11:
5:
977:
975:
967:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
916:
915:
909:
908:
906:
905:
892:
879:
866:
853:
840:
827:
814:
801:
785:
783:
777:
776:
771:
765:
764:
751:
746:
735:
734:External links
732:
729:
728:
684:
662:
621:
614:
585:
574:(2): 312–328.
540:
521:(2): 265–269.
501:
479:
460:
459:
457:
454:
427:
424:
405:
402:
346:
343:
337:and used as a
335:Albert Koebele
229:
228:
227:
226:
212:
211:
205:
204:
197:
186:
185:
179:
178:
171:
169:
165:
164:
157:
153:
152:
147:
143:
142:
137:
133:
132:
127:
123:
122:
117:
113:
112:
107:
103:
102:
97:
93:
92:
87:
83:
82:
77:
73:
72:
59:
58:
40:
37:
36:
31:
28:
27:
16:Species of fly
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
976:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
921:
919:
902:
897:
893:
889:
884:
880:
876:
871:
867:
863:
858:
854:
850:
845:
841:
837:
832:
828:
824:
819:
815:
811:
806:
802:
797:
791:
787:
786:
784:
782:
778:
774:
769:
762:
758:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
740:
738:
737:
733:
718:on 2009-03-25
714:
710:
706:
699:
697:
688:
685:
673:
666:
663:
650:
646:
639:
637:
628:
626:
622:
617:
615:0-8014-4188-9
611:
607:
602:
601:
592:
590:
586:
581:
577:
573:
569:
562:
560:
556:
550:
544:
541:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
505:
502:
490:
483:
480:
475:
468:
466:
462:
455:
453:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
425:
423:
421:
417:
416:
411:
403:
401:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
344:
342:
340:
336:
332:
327:
324:
320:
316:
311:
309:
308:
303:
302:
297:
296:
295:Heliothis zea
291:
290:
285:
284:
278:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
241:
237:
236:
223:
219:
216:
215:
213:
210:
206:
201:
195:
193:
187:
184:
183:Binomial name
180:
176:
175:
170:
167:
166:
163:
162:
158:
155:
154:
151:
148:
145:
144:
141:
138:
135:
134:
131:
128:
125:
124:
121:
118:
115:
114:
111:
108:
105:
104:
101:
98:
95:
94:
91:
88:
85:
84:
81:
78:
75:
74:
69:
64:
60:
54:
49:
48:Least Concern
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
780:
760:
756:
742:
720:. Retrieved
713:the original
708:
704:
695:
687:
675:. Retrieved
665:
653:. Retrieved
648:
644:
635:
634:"Biology of
599:
571:
567:
558:
554:
543:
518:
514:
504:
492:. Retrieved
482:
476:. 6 : 1–175.
473:
429:
426:Distribution
419:
413:
409:
407:
385:
348:
345:Reproduction
328:
322:
312:
305:
299:
293:
287:
281:
279:
267:lepidopteran
262:
254:
234:
233:
232:
217:
191:
189:
173:
172:
160:
24:
18:
929:Exoristinae
857:iNaturalist
698:(Danaidae)"
487:Herd, Rob.
370:caterpillar
366:ovipositing
271:Hymenoptera
247:parasitoids
140:Exoristinae
136:Subfamily:
918:Categories
741:images of
722:2008-04-13
456:References
251:arthropods
130:Tachinidae
100:Arthropoda
796:Q14394553
535:0003-0031
382:infection
315:morbidity
275:bivoltine
249:of other
168:Species:
86:Kingdom:
80:Eukaryota
790:Wikidata
551:(2006).
398:spiracle
240:tachinid
209:Synonyms
161:Lespesia
150:Eryciini
126:Family:
96:Phylum:
90:Animalia
76:Domain:
53:IUCN 3.1
849:1463751
390:instars
259:insects
202:, 1871)
156:Genus:
146:Tribe:
120:Diptera
116:Order:
110:Insecta
106:Class:
51: (
901:362144
888:179489
875:652132
862:449360
836:LESPAR
823:760845
677:6 July
655:6 July
612:
533:
494:7 July
435:Mexico
431:Canada
408:While
378:maggot
350:Mating
224:, 1871
810:6Q3HV
716:(PDF)
701:(PDF)
641:(PDF)
564:(PDF)
222:Riley
200:Riley
883:NCBI
870:ITIS
844:GBIF
831:EPPO
679:2014
657:2014
649:XXII
610:ISBN
531:ISSN
496:2014
443:Guam
439:Fiji
394:soil
374:eggs
362:host
358:pupa
818:EoL
805:CoL
606:258
576:doi
572:157
557:by
523:doi
519:182
354:fly
333:by
317:of
310:).
243:fly
920::
898::
885::
872::
859::
846::
833::
820::
807::
792::
709:20
707:.
703:.
647:.
643:.
624:^
608:.
588:^
570:.
566:.
529:.
517:.
513:.
464:^
449:,
445:,
441:,
437:,
422:.
384:,
277:.
253:.
725:.
681:.
659:.
618:.
582:.
578::
537:.
525::
498:.
198:(
55:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
