Florina - Knowledge

3435:. (2): 310: "The extreme population movements of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in (what was to become) the western Macedonian border area of Greece expose what Patrick Finney has called the "longue durée quality of nation-formation (Finney 1993). They include not only the 1919 Bulgarian-Greek population exchange and the Greek-Turkish exchange of 1923, but also innumerable significant, informal, earlier shifts to towns such as Florina by Muslim and Christian Albanians, Turks, Vlachs, Gypsies, Jews, as well as the immigration of Greek Christians from the South after the mid-nineteenth century Ottoman Tanzimat reforms." p. 314. "Florina was not much admired by European travelers in the dying days of the Ottoman Empire, particularly, it seems, in contrast to its rival a little to the south, Kastoria. The French traveler Bérard describes it in 1896 as consisting of 1500 houses of Albanians and "converted Slavs", with perhaps a hundred "Turkish" families and 500 Christian families. "These Slavs nonetheless call themselves Greek and speak Greek—with us at least" (Bérard 1911 (1896):307). Bérard identifies only a few hundred Bulgarian sympathizers, but notes that the local Turkish administration is pro-Bulgarian." 63: 1698:

Muslim cemetery was expropriated in the north of Florina for the project. Another Hamman still exists, built at either the late sixteenth or early seventeenth century, it was in use until 1958 and in a poor state of preservation during the 2010s. The Koula, a fortification tower built either in the late eighteenth or early nineteenth century was part of a larger residential complex demolished in 1985, the tower remained but became dilapidated. Throughout the twentieth century, most Muslim monuments were destroyed and in the post 1960s reconstruction of Florina nearly all traces of the Muslim presence disappeared. Surviving Ottoman landmarks in a good state of preservation are the prison, built in the early twentieth century; and the administration building built in 1904 and later repurposed for Florina's courts following Ottoman rule.

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fighters such as Kapetan Kottas and politicians involved in the Macedonian Struggle placed mainly after 1960 in Florina to mark the success of Greek efforts over the Bulgarians. In the town square named George Modis, there are busts of Macedonian Struggle figure L. Pyrzas and the General I. Pappous of the National Army during the Civil War with a display of cannons taken from the Communists, the losing side in the conflict. These monuments were erected in an era when their visual presence and symbolism were used by the government as a way to assimilate the local multicultural inhabitants. Other town square monuments are the statue symbolising freedom and a memorial to Greek military casualties of the Greek Italian War (1940-1941). Florina has a military cemetery for fallen Greek soldiers from the Greek Civil War.

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mosques and all were demolished during the twentieth century. The first five mosques were demolished in 1926 by an order from the General Administration of Macedonia, the prefect of Florina and by the decision of the Municipal Council. The mosques of Florina were: Minare de Kapit mosque (destroyed), Minare Zantial mosque (demolished in 1928), Kursumli mosque or Minare Oso (destroyed), Minare Ouest mosque (destroyed) and another mosque (destroyed). In 1952, one mosque was still open in Florina. Carsi i Yakosu Bey mosque was built in the eighteenth century, the building and most of the minaret, excluding its base, were demolished between 1953-1954. Another destroyed building was the Tekke, where the site is the present location of the town's bank.

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individuals on the field commemorating the fighters. In 2005, three marble reproductions of funerary monuments were placed in the town centre, the ancient Greek originals dating from Classical and Roman antiquity are displayed in the Florina Archaeological Museum. There have been some efforts by local people to showcase Florina's heritage from the Ottoman period and other less highlighted or neglected parts of the town's past through an exhibition, a documentary film and a scholarly lecture. Some of these initiatives have also attempted to highlight past practices of censorship and received various responses with some local support or opposition.

1751: 591:' station reported a temperature of -22.2 °C a day earlier in Florina, while the same station continuously recorded minimum temperatures below -20 °C from 16 January 2012 until 19 January 2012, with the average maximum temperature for January just -0.6 °C, and the prevalence for 13 consecutive days of temperatures below 0 °C 24 hours a day. The above situation resulted in the Greek General Secretariat of Civil Protection to declare the municipality of Florina in a state of emergency on 16 January 2012, at the request of the mayor of Florina, due to the polar temperatures and the intense snowfall that prevailed for days. 1737: 3702:

chrétiens, formant en proportions à peu près égales le gros de la population (environ 9.000 habitants), quelques éléments grecs et valaques, enfin des Juifs, ces derniers venus surtout de Monastir depuis la destruction de cette ville en 1917. Les chrétiens étaient en majorité demeurés patriarchistes même durant la période d’« exarchisation » la plus intense ; il en est plusieurs qui sont fortement hellénisés, mais, sauf quelques exceptions, le « macédonien », c’est-à-dire le bulgare, n’en reste pas moins pour eux la langue de la maison.

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there are no remaining traces of the Jewish cemetery in Florina. The Cathedral of St.Panteleimon was constructed in 1870 and Slavic architectural forms featured on its windows, three domes and an iconastasis with Slavic writing, later replaced with Greek writing. Over time modifications were made to the altar and windows. In 1971, the Cathedral was declared a hazard to public safety and demolished.

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Agia Paraskevi with a population of 600 refugee Aromanian families. The arrival of many hellenised Aromanians from Monastir to Florina resulted in the establishment of a large Greek speaking population in the region. During the First World War, 60 Jewish families resettled in Florina after they left Monastir in 1916 to avoid the shelling of the city, later some other

2474:. para. 28-29; footnote 48. "The Albanian claims on the Albanian speaking population of the areas of Kastoria and Florina did not ensure the non-inclusion of this Albanian speaking Muslim population in the Greco-Turkish exchange of populations. Nevertheless, these claims and related struggles were far from leading to any major bilateral or international debate." 104: 1718:

possible preservation by the government, the two-storey building was proposed to house the future Art Museum of Florina. Instead the school was demolished in late 1978 by the local municipal authority with support from Florina's Archbishop Kantiotis who opposed the building's Bulgarian Church origins. The site was rebuilt as a high school.

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Following the Balkan Wars (1912-1913), the large Aromanian community in Monastir (modern Bitola) was disappointed that the city became part of Serbia and they migrated to Greece. Many went to Thessaloniki and others settled in Florina, where in the late 1920s a new neighbourhood was established named

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by the Greek communist Democratic Army of Greece. Communist casualties numbered 750-850 individuals and were all buried in a mass grave located in south-eastern Florina. When the Communists were defeated on 12 February 1949 by the Greek army thousands of communists and Slav Macedonians were evacuated

2774:, para 25. "Après la réoccupation de Florina par l’armée française en 1916, par exemple, les troupes irrégulières grecques qui faisaient parti des forces de l’Entente ont fusillé massivement des habitants «bulgarisants» ou musulmans de la ville et de ses environs (Grigoriou 1916; Modis 1950: 241-2)." 1915:

Albanians and Christian Slavs, split almost evenly between 9000 inhabitants, with the remainder consisting of Greeks, Aromanians and Jews who had recently arrived from Bitola after its 1917 destruction. Much of the Christian population remained Patriarchists, even during the period of the Exarchate,

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visited Florina and stated it had 1,500 houses composed of Albanians and "converted Slavs", with 100 "Turkish" families and 500 Christian families. Bérard wrote "these Slavs nonetheless call themselves Greek and speak Greek—with us at least", while in Florina a few hundred were Bulgarian supporters

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In early twenty first Florina, over 40 monuments exist in the town and include sculptures, statues, headstones, busts and other objects depicting or in reference to its history, in particular the struggle over Macedonia, the Second World War and the Civil War in Greece. There are twelve monuments of

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Other Ottoman era landmarks were the clock, located in the town centre and demolished in 1927; the Hamman (bathhouse), demolished in 1925 and the present site of the Papastefa house. The Muslim Cemetery was destroyed, as the early Greek administration implemented a new urban plan and later the large

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Winters bring heavy snow and long periods of temperature below freezing point. Furthermore, the town and the surrounding valley is usually covered in thick fog during the winter months that may last even for weeks under specific conditions. During the summer months it becomes a busy market town with

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The Romani of Florina are sedentary and in 1968 they converted from Islam to Orthodoxy. In the modern period, Florina Romani have distanced themselves from their relatives in Elbasan and Korçë, over concerns that links with Muslim Romani could negatively impact their local standing in the area they

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and it operated till 1913. Repurposed several times, it became a Greek high school twice and used in a military capacity by the French (WWI), Germans (WWII) and the Greek National Army (Greek Civil War). Later, it served as a Commercial School and the Economic High School (1961-1977). Earmarked for

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settlement on the hill of Agios Panteleimon. Archaeologists excavated on the site in 1930–1934, but a hotel was later built over the ruins. Excavations began again in the 1980s and the total excavated area is now around 8,000 metres square. The buildings uncovered are mostly residential blocks, and

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In the mid 2000s, two attempts to erect a memorial to communist fighters who died during the 1949 attempted takeover of Florina were vandalised and destroyed by unidentified individuals. The Greek Communist Party bought the site in 2009 and erected a memorial in 2016 encompassing several sculpted

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After Florina became part of Greece, a new urban plan was undertaken by the government to modernise and Hellenise the town. Florina underwent change and sites or buildings associated with diverse past cultures and peoples such as mosques, synagogues and cemeteries disappeared. Post World War Two,

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In fieldwork done by Riki Van Boeschoten in late 1993, the population of Florina is mixed and Greek is often the language used for communication. Minority languages are used in the town, especially on market days when farmers from the villages arrive in Florina to sell their produce. The Romani

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Local Jews were involved in the textile, agricultural and raw material sectors of Florina's economy. Florina was occupied in World War Two and Jews came under German rule. The Jewish community numbered 400 people in 1940. During April 1943, 372 Florina Jews were sent by the Germans first to the

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The Muslim community existed for five centuries in Florina and they constructed various public and religious buildings. The Ottoman architectural landscape of several mosques, two bathhouses, a clock tower and some Ottoman mansions persisted until the 1923 population exchange. There were seven

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La ville de Lérin (en grec Φλωρίνα) est un centre important, au carrefour des routes de l’Épire du Nord, de Monastir et de Salonique, commandant une plaine fertile aux villages nombreux. Elle compte une population d’une dizaine de mille habitants, à savoir des Albanais turquisés et des Slaves

1955:(44) in 1926. The 1928 Greek census recorded 10,585 town inhabitants. In 1928, the refugee families numbered 178 (750 people) and the Jewish community numbered 500 people. The town remained multiethnic and continued to have Slavophones, Jews and Romani after the population exchange. 1888:

According to historian Tasos Kostopoulos, after Florina became part of Greece, its population numbered 10,000 with two thirds being Muslim. Many Christian inhabitants of Florina were Slavic speakers with the remainder composed of 30 Aromanian families and 89

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Florina is one of the coldest towns in Greece, because of its elevation and geographic position. Snowfalls, sometimes heavy, thick fog and below-freezing temperatures are common during the winter months, while the summers are warm to hot. Under the

4142:"The town of Florina, not included in the table, has a mixed population of approximately 15,000 inhabitants, where the only 'visible' group is the Gypsy community, of about 3000 souls, settled in a neighbourhood at the outskirts of the town." 62: 3179: 1485:

the Greek makedonomachoi gained significant advantage towards the Bulgarian Exarchists within 10 months in 1905 and extended their zone of control in various regions of western Macedonia including the plains north and south of Florina.

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Even though Florina was the site of the first rail line built in the southern Ottoman provinces in the late 19th century, its rail system remains undeveloped. Today, Florina is linked by a single track standard gauge line to

3466:"He also points out that the Greek bishop of Florina had to address his flock in Turkish since they were all "Bulgarians" even though Florina was considered a Greek town because it was loyal to the Patriarch (1971:167,197)." 1493:(1912-1913) brought an end to Ottoman rule when Florina and the surrounding area was taken by Greece during November 1912. Annexed by Greece, Florina became part of the Greek province of Macedonia. In 1916, Florina became a 1527:

attacked a coffee shop in Florina with a grenade injuring 2 children. Some perpetrators escaped to Albania, others were captured by Greek authorities and some locals allegedly involved were also arrested. During the

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Broilo, Federica (2011). "The forgotten Ottoman heritage of Florina on the river Sakoulevas, and a little known Ottoman building on the shore of the lake Volvis in Greek Macedonia". In Hartmuth, Maximilian (ed.).

1523:, and as a consequence became a place with strict surveillance by the Greek state with cooperation from the local government and the Orthodox Church. In November 1925, known as the "Dynamite Attempt", 1451:, two bathhouses and two inns. Under Ottoman rule, Florina was a regional economic and administrative centre, the seat of a kaza and belonged to a sanjak within the Vilayet of Monastir. Members of 4502: 587:'s station with several reports, however, in the local press for temperatures in villages of the municipality that reached -32 °C, but there was no official record of such temperature. The 1862:(1903). He wrote Florina's Greek bishop spoke in Turkish to the church congregation as they were "Bulgarians", while the town was viewed as Greek because it remained attached to the Patriarch. 1411:

the range of finds suggests that the site was continuously inhabited from the 4th century BC until its destruction by fire in the 1st century BC. Many of these finds are now on display in the

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A Jewish Sephardi community was present in Florina during the 17th century. Under Ottoman rule, the Jews of Florina had close ties with the Jewish community of Monastir (modern Bitola).

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Efthymios Boudonas, a Public Education Office director and former school general inspector for Macedonia wrote (1914) Florina was a non–Greek speaking town incapable of linguistically

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and are multilingual in all other languages used in the region. Van Boeschoten estimated the Romani numbered some 3000 in Florina, living in a neighbourhood on the town's environs.

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The 1920 Greek census recorded 12,513 people in the town, and 4,650 inhabitants (1,076 families) were Muslim in 1923. Muslim Albanians from Florina and the wider region during the

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The current municipality of Florina was formed at the 2011 local government reform by the merger of the following 4 former municipalities, that since 2011 became municipal units:

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Philologist André Mazon was in Florina and the wider area doing research in 1917-1918 and 1920. Florina had a total of 10,000 people. Mazon wrote Florina was populated by

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Florina is a market town with an economy dominated by agriculture, forestry, summer and winter tourism, cross-border trading and the sale of local produce such as

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passed through Florina in the seventeenth century. He wrote Florina consisted of six neighbourhoods and had 1500 homes, one tekke, several mosques, madrasas and

1928: 1803: 421:. The town's population is 17,188 people (2021 census). It is in a wooded valley about 13 km (8 mi) south of the international border of Greece with 6025: 4850: 2001: 4286: 1756: 2255: 5465: 3334:"A monument to not exhume: Silence, speech, and issues surrounding the mass grave of communist fighters at the Battle of Florina (1949), Northern Greece" 2231: 2352:[Results of the 2021 Population - Housing Census, Permanent population by settlement] (in Greek). Hellenic Statistical Authority. 29 March 2024. 1568: 5294: 5182: 3196:"Whereas in Castoria some stones were at least preserved by the military, no remnants of a Jewish cemetery were left in the nearby city of Florina." 584: 395: 53: 2312: 4843: 1254:

are both used, with the latter becoming standard after the 17th century. The form with (φλωρός) is a local dialect form of χλωρός in Greek. The

4123: 5289: 3754: 5391: 2892:"Les Archives de la Macedonine, Fond: Aegean Macedonia in NLW" – (Field report of Mihail Keramidzhiev to the Main Command of NOF), 8 July 1945 1520: 5955: 4535: 2288: 1548: 354: 5376: 5371: 1846:." According to an 1878 French ethnographic book Florina was a town of 1,500 households, inhabited by 2,800 Muslims and 1,800 Bulgarians. 1649: 2709:"One area where this strategy manifested itself openly was in the environs of Florina, a district notorious for its support for the IMRO." 1893:

families from Thrace and Asia Minor. Florina Christians supported the Greek cause and the Bulgarians were aware that more than half were "

1423: 2276: 6030: 5939: 5229: 2505: 1724: 4835: 5234: 4295: 3367: 2435: 2411: 1975: 1262:(Лерин), which is a borrowing of the Byzantine Greek name, but with the loss of the initial characteristic of the local dialect. The 141: 3004: 1989:, Aromanians and Hellenised Aromanians from Bitola who went to Florina in 1913, Romani, Albanians, and a small number of foreigners. 4209: 4135: 4077: 4009: 3970: 3883: 3820: 3793: 3766: 3737: 3622: 3566: 3532: 3487: 3459: 3189: 3066: 3015: 2880: 2860: 2756: 2720: 2702: 2602: 2554: 1793: 1670:

as well as US, Canada, Australia and Germany. Following Greece's EU membership and the economic upturn, many from Germany returned.

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partisan units were operating in the Florina area, and NOF had a regional committee based in Florina. When the NOF merged with the

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Greek Jewry in the Twentieth Century, 1913-1983: Patterns of Jewish Survival in the Greek Provinces Before and After the Holocaust

5503: 1828:. In it he writes that "bout the houses in Florina, we should indicate that there are at most 3,000, with half of the population 1783: 1772: 1412: 552: 1597: 5594: 4279: 2418: 2115: 1921: 1653: 2950: 2826: 5951: 5847: 3449: 2906: 588: 3584:"How the North was won. Épuration ethnique, échange des populations et politique de colonisation dans la Macédoine grecque" 2746: 1659:

Florina has 8 radio stations, 2 daily political newspapers, 4 weekly ones, one women's press and two newspapers on sports.

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Karmi, Ilan (1997). "Jewish Cemeteries in Northern Greece in the Post World War II Era". In Chasiotes, Ioannes K. (ed.).

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Hellenic Army General Staff, Directorate of Army History, The Macedonian Struggle and the events in Thrace, 1979, pp 115

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Florina and the surrounding area during the late Ottoman and population exchange periods is the setting for the novel

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its inhabitants or any non–Greek speaking newcomers, although it had a strong Greek faction. In 1916, Greek diplomat

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where they were gassed. In 1945, the Florina Jewish community numbered 64 people, a reduction of 84 percent due to

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wrote Florina had a total population of 10,392 composed of 6,227 Muslims, 3,576 Greeks and 589 former Exharchists.

1552: 4065: 2349: 1701: 5879: 5472: 5406: 4528: 3999: 3960: 3586:[How the North was won. Ethnic cleansing, population exchange and settlement policy in Greek Macedonia]. 2267: 2210: 2127: 1556: 1544: 1529: 1512:. Many pro–Bulgarian people or Muslims of Florina and in nearby areas were shot by Greek irregular troops of the 1255: 564: 556: 501:

and Bitola, and to Kozani (meter gauge) where it was intended to continue south and link up with the terminal in

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with some becoming Hellenised and apart from a few exceptions they spoke (Macedonian) Bulgarian in their homes.

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an economy boosted by summer and, mostly, winter tourism due to the heavy snowfalls and the nearby ski resorts.

5482: 5168: 4409: 3690: 2462:"The Muslim Chams of Northwestern Greece: The grounds for the expulsion of a "non-existent" minority community" 1656:. After 2004, four departments that previously belonged to the Aristotle University, reinforced its potential. 1563: 1388: 414: 195: 28: 3783: 5852: 5381: 5361: 4687: 4610: 4385: 4347: 3368:"The Difficult Past of a Town: The Resonant Silences and Suppressed Memories of Florina's Cultural Heritage" 2799:

Monuments of the other: The management of the Ottoman cultural heritage of Macedonia from 1912 until present

2794:Μνημεία του άλλου: η διαχείριση της οθωμανικής πολιτιστική κληρονομιάς της Μακεδονίας από το 1912 έως σήμερα 1974:

During the late twentieth century, Florina numbered some 15,000 inhabitants. Its population was composed of

1964: 1866: 1593: 1551:, later simply the National Liberation Front or NOF, had a significant presence in the area: by 1946, seven 1456: 1322: 410: 200: 3873: 3392:

Wolf, Ferdinand; Miklosich, Franz Ritter von; Stülz, Jodocus; Hahn, Johann Georg; Bergmann, Joseph (1861).

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The town with its present name is linked to the Byzantine Chloron. It is first mentioned in 1334, when the

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from the Greek–Turkish population exchange and their descendants, Greeks who had recently left the former

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Contes Slaves de la Macedoine sud-occidentale. Etude linguistique, texteset traduction, notes de folklore

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Nationalising and Denationalising European Border Regions, 1800–2000: Views from Geography and History

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In Florina, a Bulgarian school was constructed between 1905-1908 by townspeople who were part of the

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The Jewish Communities of Southeastern Europe. From the Fifteenth Century to the End of World War II

2692: 2363: 2243: 1967:. The Jewish population declined and by 1959 there were 7 Jews in Florina, 1 in 1973 and 0 in 1983. 1869:

people migrated from Anatolia to Florina. In the mid to late 1910s, some Florina Romani migrated to

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will run east of Florina with its Florina-Niki segment already operational since 2015. The historic

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Simpson, Neil (1994). Macedonia Its Disputed History. Victoria: Aristoc Press, 105,106 & 94.

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Under Ottoman rule, Florina's population included Muslims, Greeks, Jews, Slavophones and Romani.

1471: 1283: 1273: 529: 399: 3663:"Translation from the "first language": The censored folktales of Edessa in 21st century Greece" 4375: 3689:

Mazon, Andre (1979). "Contes Slaves de la Macedoine sud-occidentale". In Mirchev, Kiril (ed.).

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Human Rights in Global Perspective: Anthropological Studies of Rights, Claims and Entitlements

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Awarded "EDEN – European Destinations of Excellence" non traditional tourist destination 2007

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Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-Historische Classe

3345: 2216: 2188:(born 1962), electronic & computer engineer, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki rector 2163: 2151: 2121: 2102: 1905: 1859: 1855: 1850: 1498: 1444: 3522: 1383: 583:, more specifically on 18 January 2012, a temperature of -25.1 °C was recorded by the 5925: 5817: 5745: 5655: 5544: 5477: 5443: 5433: 5341: 5316: 5124: 5109: 4588: 4102:[Use of minority languages in the departments of Florina and Aridea (Macedonia)]. 3662: 3019: 3008: 2191: 2144: 1994: 1948: 1540: 1467: 1407: 422: 4100:"Usage des langues minoritaires dans les départements de Florina et d'Aridea (Macédoine)" 4030:"Balkan Roma immigrants in Greece: An initial approach to the traits of a migration flow" 3012: 1333:

The municipality has an area of 819.698 km, and the municipal unit 150.634 km.

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During the 1950s and 1960s, the area lost much of its population to emigration, both to

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in North Macedonia. The nearest airports are situated to the east and the south (in

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Sorrowful Shores: Violence, Ethnicity, and the End of the Ottoman Empire 1912-1923

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Population Exchange in Greek Macedonia: The Rural Settlement of Refugees 1922-1930

3349: 1440:(cadastral tax census) for the year 1481 records a settlement of 243 households. 1341:

The municipal unit of Florina is further divided into the following communities:

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Fall of the Sultanate: The Great War and the End of the Ottoman Empire 1908-1922

1940: 1931:(1923) based on religious criteria were sent to Turkey, and mainly resettled in 1874: 1509: 1494: 1490: 538: 517: 466: 442: 5269: 3137:

Centre and peripheries in Ottoman architecture. Rediscovering a Balkan heritage

1685: 1559:(DSE), many Slav Macedonians in the region enlisted as volunteers in the DSE. 5867: 5857: 5831: 5750: 5254: 4809: 4099: 4034:

International Journal of Language, Translation and Intercultural Communication

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Old and New Islam in Greece: From Historical Minorities to Immigrant Newcomers

2901:Η Τραγική αναμέτρηση, 1945-1949 – Ο μύθος και η αλήθεια. Ζαούσης Αλέξανδρος" ( 2200: 1944: 1843: 1840: 1524: 1455:

were the brothers Loukas Nedelkos and Nikolaos Nedelkos, who were born in the

1395: 433: 3583: 3555:"Voters and clients: Elections in Florina before and after the Prespa Accord" 2852:

A Modern History of the Balkans: Nationalism and Identity in Southeast Europe

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In early February 1949, the Greek National Army and the Gendarmerie defeated

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established a certain Sphrantzes Palaeologus as commander of the fortress of

156: 143: 5795: 5713: 5079: 4994: 4969: 4954: 4904: 4769: 4461: 1829: 1817: 502: 294: 3853:] (Ph.D.) (in Greek). Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. p. 75 3425:

Provincial anthropology, circumlocution, and the copious use of everything

5920: 5665: 5635: 5620: 5094: 5054: 5044: 5019: 5004: 4999: 4989: 4984: 4979: 4794: 4671: 4427: 4422: 4355: 2506:"Population & housing census 2001 (incl. area and average elevation)" 1952: 1894: 1854:

and the Ottoman administration in the area was pro–Bulgarian. Journalist

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The ancient settlement of Melitonus was located in the area of Florina.

506: 462: 458: 446: 3524:

Roma and Egyptians in Albania: From social exclusion to social inclusion

5930: 5703: 5119: 5084: 5074: 5064: 5059: 5034: 4964: 4939: 4919: 4899: 4804: 4779: 4756: 4730: 4695: 4645: 4446: 4398: 4393: 4365: 4175:"Necati Cumalı'nın Makedonya 1900 Adlı Eserinde Kültürel Bellek İnşası" 4046: 1870: 1836: 1635: 1448: 1327: 486: 470: 3785:

Last Century of a Sephardic Community: The Jews of Monastir, 1839-1943

3755:"Cultural illegitimacy in Greece: The Slavo-Macedonian 'non-minority'" 3596: 3424: 2385:Α.Ε., tovima.gr – Δημοσιογραφικός Οργανισμός Λαμπράκη (6 March 2012). 1477:

In the late Ottoman period the area surrounding Florina supported the

1235:, "fresh" or "green vegetation"). The name was sometimes Latinized as 5826: 5775: 5693: 5670: 5660: 5625: 5615: 5160: 5144: 5104: 5069: 5024: 5014: 5009: 4924: 4914: 4878: 4735: 4710: 4451: 4336: 3398:(in German). Aus der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Hof- und Staatsdruckerei. 2721:"National Claims, Conflicts and Developments in Macedonia, 1870-1912" 1663: 1436: 478: 474: 454: 403: 320: 299: 176: 17: 3451:

The Macedonian Conflict: Ethnic Nationalism in a Transnational World

445:

and, until the modernisation of the road system, of the old town of

3409:

Ethnographie des Vilayets d'Andrinople, de Monastir et de Salonique

1406:

Within the boundaries of the present-day city lie the remains of a

413:

and also the seat of the eponymous municipality. It belongs to the

5915: 5812: 5630: 5139: 5134: 4705: 4181:(Necati Cumalı Özel Sayısı): 114, 117–119, 121, 124, 126, 131–132. 2511:(in Greek). National Statistical Service of Greece. Archived from 2176:

Australian Football player (AFL); family from Vevi, Florina region

1932: 1879: 1766: 1700: 1684: 1634:. It also has textile mills and is known for locally manufactured 1627: 1623: 1394: 1382: 1301: 1240: 482: 432: 4745: 5164: 4839: 4517: 4268: 4154:"Macedonians Hail Opening of Pioneer Language Centre in Greece" 3851:

The rehabilitation of refugees in Western Macedonia (1923–1930)

4228: 4152:

Stamatoukou, Eleni; Marušić, Siniša Jakov (30 November 2022).

2461: 2371: 1824:

visited the city in 1861 and wrote about it in his travel log

3846:Η αποκατάσταση των προσφύγων στη Δυτική Μακεδονία (1923–1930) 2801:] (Ph.D.) (in Greek). University of Ioannina. p. 280 367: 1677:

was opened from Florina to the border with North Macedonia.

509:

but this did not proceed due to the 1930s financial crisis.

121: 3140:. Cultural Heritage without Borders (CHwB). pp. 95–96. 2337:

Municipality of Florina, Municipal elections – October 2023

1959:

Hirsch ghetto in Thessaloniki and later in May sent to the

1877:

and compose most of their urban modern Romani populations.

1387:

Panorama of the city of Florina, 1898–1912. Photo taken by

4004:. Associated University Presses. pp. 20, 69, 96, 98. 3559:

Macedonia and Identity Politics After the Prespa Agreement

1648:

Its university changed in 2002 from being a branch of the

4194:"Memory Under Siege: Archive Fever in Theo Angelopoulos' 3965:. Stanford University Press. pp. 80, 83, 85–86, 91. 3699:]. Bŭlgarska akademii͡a na naukite (BAN). p. 81. 3521:

De Soto, Hermine; Beddies, Sabine; Gedeshi, Ilir (2005).

2387:"tovima.gr – Ο πιο βαρύς χειμώνας όλων των εποχών εφέτος" 2203:(active 1979 to present), Australian director & actor 1543:(1946–1949) the mountains of the Florina area were under 1519:

Florina continued to be a multiethnic town following the

3812:

The Religious and Cultural Landscape of Ottoman Manastır

2294:

Neoclassical houses at the shoreline of Sakoulevas river

1399:

Neoclassical houses at the shoreline of Sakoulevas river

465:

cities. Outside the Greek borders it is in proximity to

3697:

Foreign Scholars on the Southwestern Bulgarian Dialects

1641:

The most notable industrial activity is the very large

1462:

Florina and its inhabitants greatly contributed to the

3878:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 158–159. 3476:

Stavroulakis, Nicholas; DeVinney, Timothy J. (1992).

1924:

families also went to live in Florina after the war.

3161: 3159: 3116: 3114: 2786: 2784: 2782: 2780: 2653: 2651: 2649: 2647: 2488:"ΦΕΚ B 1292/2010, Kallikratis reform municipalities" 5968: 5840: 5686: 5603: 5527: 5496: 5277: 5198: 4754: 4685: 4600: 4552: 4436: 4407: 4383: 4345: 3692:Чуждестранни учени за югозападните български говори 1935:. Following the Greek–Turkish population exchange, 1481:(IMRO) who fought against the Ottomans. During the 1207:Source: Hellenic National Meteorological Service 363: 353: 343: 331: 310: 293: 285: 277: 269: 261: 253: 248: 240: 232: 224: 219: 211: 206: 194: 182: 172: 41: 4124:"Politicised borders: The case of Greek Macedonia" 4068:. In Mitchell, Jon P.; Wilson, Richard A. (eds.). 2545:Maria Akamati-Lilibati & Ioannis M. Akamatis, 2455: 2453: 3548: 3546: 3544: 2818: 2816: 1689:Florina, view from northern entrance (1916–1918) 1227:, "full of green vegetation"), derives from the 3759:Minorities in Greece: Aspects of Plural Society 3307: 3292: 3280: 3268: 3253: 3241: 3229: 3208: 2925: 2626: 2597:. Paris: Editions P. Lethielleux. p. 248. 2412:"NOA's Monthly Weather Report for January 2012" 1277: 4179:ARTS: Artuklu Sanat ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi 4126:. In Knippenberg, Hans; Markusse, Jan (eds.). 4023: 4021: 3838: 3836: 3834: 3832: 3165: 3150: 3120: 3105: 3093: 3042: 3030: 2657: 2182:(1901–81), Member of Parliament & Minister 1479:Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization 1267: 5176: 4851: 4529: 4280: 3443: 3441: 3225: 3223: 3221: 3219: 3217: 3204: 3202: 3184:. Institute for Balkan Studies. p. 237. 2482: 2480: 2282:A side street leading to the river Sakoulevas 437:Sakoulevas river and the Cathedral of Florina 8: 3516: 3514: 3061:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 383. 2209:(born 1964), politician & leader of the 2002:Centre for the Macedonian Language in Greece 1799:Folklore Museum of the Aristotle Association 532:(Kozani – Florina – Niki – Bitola). The new 6036:Populated places in Florina (regional unit) 4204:. Edinburgh University Press. p. 263. 4059: 4057: 3366:Andreou, Andreas; Kasvikis, Kostas (2018). 3319: 2937: 2822: 2771: 2594:Villes et villages de Macédoine occidentale 2529: 2527: 2525: 1757:Folklore Museum of the Florina Culture Club 1549:Slavic-Macedonian National Liberation Front 1516:following the French capture of the town. 5466:Provisional Government of National Defence 5183: 5169: 5161: 4858: 4844: 4836: 4536: 4522: 4514: 4287: 4273: 4265: 3732:. Zitros Publications. pp. 467, 473. 3684: 3682: 3680: 3501: 3499: 3454:. Princeton University Press. p. 61. 3411:, Ethnographie Vilayet de Monsati., p.6-21 3361: 3359: 3303: 3301: 3264: 3262: 2921: 2919: 2917: 2915: 2622: 2620: 2618: 2616: 2614: 2438:. Hellenic National Meteorological Service 594: 409:The town of Florina is the capital of the 67:View of the city of Florina towards the NE 38: 4045: 3711: 3595: 2672:, the Macedonian Struggle, 1985, pp 65-67 1858:was in Macedonia in the aftermath of the 3527:. World Bank Publications. p. 231. 2138: 2006: 1611: 1573: 4093: 4091: 4089: 3419: 3417: 2697:. Oxford University Press. p. 66. 2578: 2566: 2549:. Ministry of Culture (Greece), 2006. 2329: 2227: 2170:novelist, short–story writer & poet 1720: 1430:. By 1385, the place had fallen to the 406:. Its motto is, 'Where Greece begins'. 362: 330: 292: 247: 239: 218: 205: 171: 136: 89: 71: 59: 3081: 2855:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 204. 2638: 2533: 2109:, several movies filmed in Florina by 5956:Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki 4314:9,451 km (3,649 sq mi) 3985: 3946: 3934: 3922: 3910: 3898: 3557:. In Neofotistos, Vasiliki P. (ed.). 3505: 3479:Jewish sites and Synagogues of Greece 2836: 2726:. macedonian-heritage.gr. p. 194 1884:Turkish Women of Florina, (1916–1918) 598:Climate data for Florina (1961–2010) 352: 342: 309: 284: 276: 268: 260: 252: 231: 228:819.7 km (316.5 sq mi) 223: 210: 193: 181: 7: 4544:Subdivisions of the municipality of 3761:. Hurst & Company. p. 152. 1650:Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 236:150.6 km (58.1 sq mi) 6026:Municipalities of Western Macedonia 5940:Archaeological Museum of Amphipolis 5911:Byzantine monuments of Thessaloniki 3729:The Vlachs: Metropolis and Diaspora 3588:European Journal of Turkish Studies 2466:European Journal of Turkish Studies 2318:Famous river of Florina, Sakoulevas 1804:Folklore Museum of the Culture Club 278: • Municipal unit density 4200:. In Koutsourakis, Angelos (ed.). 3962:The Agony of Greek Jews, 1940–1945 3055:Tsitselikis, Konstantinos (2012). 2237:French army in the town during WWI 25: 5392:Siege of Thessalonica (1422–1430) 2370:. 24 October 2023. Archived from 1929:Greek–Turkish population exchange 1771:Grave stele of the Roman period, 1521:Greek–Turkish population exchange 5504:Ministry of Macedonia and Thrace 5377:Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347 5372:Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328 5268: 4867: 4374: 3617:. Clarendon Press. p. 247. 2791:Stavridopoulos, Ioannis (2015). 2436:"Mean Florina Climatic Averages" 2311: 2299: 2287: 2275: 2254: 2242: 2230: 2099:Devastated Hills: Macedonia 1900 1784:Archaeological Museum of Florina 1773:Archaeological Museum of Florina 1749: 1735: 1723: 1564:an attempted takeover of Florina 1413:Archaeological Museum of Florina 398:in the mountainous northwestern 215:Vasileios Giannakis (since 2019) 102: 95: 76: 61: 5595:Thessaloniki International Fair 3753:Karakasidou, Anastasia (2002). 3611:Kontogiorgi, Elisabeth (2006). 3553:Karakasidou, Anastasia (2020). 3429:Journal of Modern Greek Studies 2547:The Hellenistic City of Florina 2306:Pedestrian street at the centre 2194:(1880–1947), leader during the 2116:The Suspended Step of the Stork 1654:University of Western Macedonia 103: 5952:Archaeological Museum of Pella 3843:Pelagidis, Efstathios (1992). 3667:Culture-Borders-Gender/Studies 2751:. Reaktion Books. p. 82. 1939:families in Florina were from 1643:Ptolemaia-Florina lignite mine 1578:The Railway Station in Florina 589:National Observatory of Athens 441:Florina is the gateway to the 1: 5948:Archaeological Museum of Dion 4122:Van Boeschoten, Riki (2012). 4098:Van Boeschoten, Riki (2001). 3661:Ioannidou, Alexandra (2023). 3350:10.1080/07481187.2022.2131053 2748:The Modern Balkans: A History 2368:Περιφερειακή Ενότητα Φλώρινας 2261:House in Florina. Scenery of 2219:(1920–1942), partisan fighter 2160:(born 1964), Australian actor 1673:In 2016 a new section of the 1466:. Prominent leaders included 581:early 2012 European cold wave 553:Köppen climate classification 5580:Ptolemaida-Florina coal mine 5519:Eastern Macedonia and Thrace 4503:Epirus and Western Macedonia 4499:Decentralized Administration 4258:- An ethnography on Florina 4173:Soysal Eşitti, Aslı (2021). 4028:Baltsiotis, Lambros (2015). 3809:Mihajlovski, Robert (2021). 3726:Koukoudis, Asterios (2003). 3590:(in French) (12). para. 23. 3582:Kostopoulos, Tassos (2011). 3482:. Talos Press. p. 236. 3448:Danforth, Loring M. (1997). 2460:Baltsiotis, Lambros (2011). 1961:Auschwitz concentration camp 1789:Florina Museum of Modern Art 1743:Florina Museum of Modern Art 5960:Museum of Byzantine culture 5944:Aiani Archaeological Museum 5535:Agios Dimitrios Power Plant 5357:Sack of Thessalonica (1185) 5307:Wars of Alexander the Great 4202:Cinema of Theo Angelopoulos 3757:. In Clogg, Richard (ed.). 3423:Hart, Laurie Kain (2006). " 3332:Valtchinova, Galia (2023). 3308:Andreou & Kasvikis 2018 3293:Andreou & Kasvikis 2018 3281:Andreou & Kasvikis 2018 3269:Andreou & Kasvikis 2018 3254:Andreou & Kasvikis 2018 3242:Andreou & Kasvikis 2018 3230:Andreou & Kasvikis 2018 3209:Andreou & Kasvikis 2018 2926:Andreou & Kasvikis 2018 2627:Andreou & Kasvikis 2018 2591:Kravari, Vassiliki (1989). 1993:community of Florina speak 1630:, and vegetables including 1337:Municipal Unit subdivisions 1071:Average precipitation days 857:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 717:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 270: • Municipal unit 233: • Municipal unit 6052: 6031:Greek prefectural capitals 5347:Sack of Thessalonica (904) 4192:Kamboureli, Smaro (2015). 4072:. Routledge. p. 149. 3998:Plaut, Joshua Eli (2000). 3959:Bowman, Steven B. (2009). 3561:. Routledge. p. 130. 1705:Bulgarian Exarchate school 1206: 597: 579:In the days preceding the 368:http://www.cityoflorina.gr 244:687 m (2,254 ft) 118:Location within the region 26: 5999: 5407:Greek War of Independence 5266: 4885: 4475: 4372: 4307: 4130:. Springer. p. 101. 3640:"André Mazon (1881-1967)" 2745:Hall, Richard C. (2012). 1826:From Belgrade to Salonica 1557:Democratic Army of Greece 1508:and later retaken by the 1158: 1114: 1070: 996: 926: 856: 786: 716: 646: 641: 638: 635: 632: 629: 626: 623: 620: 617: 614: 611: 608: 605: 602: 565:humid continental climate 557:humid subtropical climate 542:is situated to the east. 485:lie to the southwest and 391: 383: 254: • Municipality 225: • Municipality 137: 90: 72: 60: 51: 5483:Macedonia naming dispute 5352:Byzantine–Bulgarian wars 3638:Vaillant, André (1969). 3007:18 February 2009 at the 2849:Veremis, Thanos (2017). 1598:Thessaloniki–Bitola line 449:. It is located west of 45: 29:Florina (disambiguation) 5853:Alexandrion (Litochoro) 5382:Zealots of Thessalonica 5362:Kingdom of Thessalonica 4296:Administrative division 4064:Cowan, Jane K. (2003). 3872:Gingeras, Ryan (2009). 3644:Revue des Études Slaves 2691:Gingeras, Ryan (2016). 2154:(born 1972), footballer 1794:The Florina Art Gallery 1600:, with local trains to 1278: 281:130/km (330/sq mi) 6002:Greek Macedonia Portal 5387:Byzantine–Ottoman wars 5367:Empire of Thessalonica 3815:. Brill. p. 232. 2581:, p. 55., n. 178. 2339:, Ministry of Interior 2147: 2111:Theodoros Angelopoulos 1981:, the Greek Anatolian 1885: 1775: 1706: 1690: 1619: 1592:The city is served by 1579: 1571:and the Eastern Bloc. 1400: 1392: 1307: 1268: 438: 286: • Community 126: 36:Municipality in Greece 5905:Tomb of the Palmettes 5337:Theme of Thessalonica 5242:Macedonian Bulgarians 4256:. Paris: E. Champion. 4250:Mazon, André (1923). 4237:Florina regional unit 3988:, pp. 68–69, 71. 2977:"Δρομολόγια ΤΡΑΙΝΟΣΕ" 2518:on 21 September 2015. 2142: 2004:is based in Florina. 1883: 1822:Johann Georg von Hahn 1770: 1730:School of Agriculture 1704: 1688: 1615: 1577: 1398: 1386: 1305: 1266:name for the city is 1258:name for the city is 512:Florina is passed by 436: 415:administrative region 411:Florina regional unit 390:; known also by some 312: • Summer ( 265:36/km (93/sq mi) 184:Administrative region 125: 5780:Pindus National Park 5570:Port of Thessaloniki 5540:Amyntaio Power Plant 5312:Wars of the Diadochi 5230:Jews of Thessaloniki 5218:Macedonians (Greeks) 4875:Prefectural capitals 4320:283,689 (as of 2011) 3782:Cohen, Mark (2003). 3714:, pp. 466-468. 3033:, pp. 276, 280. 3018:4 March 2010 at the 1497:battleground of the 1391:(broken glass plate) 1219:The city's original 647:Record high °C (°F) 481:). The mountains of 355:Vehicle registration 262: • Density 27:For other uses, see 5885:Hellenistic theatre 5880:Archaeological Park 5451:Macedonian Struggle 5327:Barbarian invasions 5206:Ancient Macedonians 4765:Agios Vartholomaios 3232:, pp. 155–156. 3211:, pp. 154–155. 3166:Stavridopoulos 2015 3153:, pp. 278–279. 3151:Stavridopoulos 2015 3121:Stavridopoulos 2015 3108:, pp. 277–278. 3106:Stavridopoulos 2015 3094:Stavridopoulos 2015 3045:, pp. 276–277. 3043:Stavridopoulos 2015 3031:Stavridopoulos 2015 2719:Gounaris, Basil C. 2658:Stavridopoulos 2015 2424:on 20 January 2013. 2196:Macedonian Struggle 1839:and the other half 1715:Bulgarian Exarchate 1652:, to a part of the 1483:Macedonian Struggle 1464:Macedonian Struggle 1115:Average snowy days 927:Record low °C (°F) 787:Daily mean °C (°F) 457:, and northeast of 153: / 5863:Lion of Amphipolis 5439:Sanjak of Salonica 5417:Sanjak of Monastir 5332:Theme of Macedonia 5246:Ethnic Macedonians 5192:Macedonia (Greece) 4755:Municipal unit of 4686:Municipal unit of 4601:Municipal unit of 4553:Municipal unit of 4483:Giorgos Kassapidis 4047:10.12681/ijltic.47 3283:, pp. 158–159 2957:on 18 January 2021 2492:Government Gazette 2207:Pavlos Voskopoulos 2186:Pericles A. Mitkas 2148: 2093:In popular culture 1886: 1849:In 1896 traveller 1776: 1707: 1691: 1620: 1580: 1472:Petros Chatzitasis 1443:Ottoman traveller 1401: 1393: 1308: 563:), bordering on a 489:to the northwest. 439: 212: • Mayor 127: 6008: 6007: 5901:Tomb of Judgement 5739:Small Prespa Lake 5514:Central Macedonia 5509:Western Macedonia 5422:Sanjak of Serfiğe 5285:Ancient Macedonia 5260:Megleno-Romanians 5158: 5157: 4833: 4832: 4511: 4510: 4479:Regional governor 4437:Regional unit of 4408:Regional unit of 4384:Regional unit of 4346:Regional unit of 4300:Western Macedonia 3597:10.4000/ejts.4437 3084:, pp. 93–94. 3002:greek radio guide 2090: 2089: 1922:Monastirli Jewish 1211: 1210: 1161:relative humidity 575:Cold wave of 2012 419:Western Macedonia 392:alternative names 373: 372: 189:Western Macedonia 157:40.783°N 21.400°E 16:(Redirected from 6043: 5848:Agios Athanasios 5801:Vermio Mountains 5575:Prinos oil field 5488:Prespa agreement 5461:Macedonian front 5429:Salonica Vilayet 5412:Manastir Vilayet 5342:Theme of Strymon 5272: 5249: 5185: 5178: 5171: 5162: 4872: 4871: 4870: 4860: 4853: 4846: 4837: 4538: 4531: 4524: 4515: 4491: 4378: 4289: 4282: 4275: 4266: 4261: 4257: 4241: 4233: 4216: 4215: 4189: 4183: 4182: 4170: 4164: 4163: 4149: 4143: 4141: 4119: 4113: 4111: 4095: 4084: 4083: 4061: 4052: 4051: 4049: 4025: 4016: 4015: 3995: 3989: 3983: 3977: 3976: 3956: 3950: 3944: 3938: 3932: 3926: 3920: 3914: 3908: 3902: 3896: 3890: 3889: 3869: 3863: 3862: 3860: 3858: 3840: 3827: 3826: 3806: 3800: 3799: 3779: 3773: 3772: 3750: 3744: 3743: 3723: 3717: 3709: 3703: 3700: 3686: 3675: 3674: 3658: 3652: 3651: 3635: 3629: 3628: 3608: 3602: 3601: 3599: 3579: 3573: 3572: 3550: 3539: 3538: 3518: 3509: 3503: 3494: 3493: 3473: 3467: 3465: 3445: 3436: 3421: 3412: 3406: 3400: 3399: 3389: 3383: 3382: 3372: 3363: 3354: 3353: 3329: 3323: 3320:Valtchinova 2023 3317: 3311: 3305: 3296: 3290: 3284: 3278: 3272: 3266: 3257: 3251: 3245: 3239: 3233: 3227: 3212: 3206: 3197: 3195: 3175: 3169: 3163: 3154: 3148: 3142: 3141: 3130: 3124: 3118: 3109: 3103: 3097: 3091: 3085: 3079: 3073: 3072: 3052: 3046: 3040: 3034: 3028: 3022: 2999: 2993: 2992: 2990: 2988: 2979:. Archived from 2973: 2967: 2966: 2964: 2962: 2953:. Archived from 2947: 2941: 2940:, pp. 3, 5. 2938:Valtchinova 2023 2935: 2929: 2923: 2910: 2899: 2893: 2890: 2884: 2873: 2867: 2866: 2846: 2840: 2834: 2828: 2823:Karakasidou 2002 2820: 2811: 2810: 2808: 2806: 2788: 2775: 2772:Kostopoulos 2011 2769: 2763: 2762: 2742: 2736: 2735: 2733: 2731: 2725: 2716: 2710: 2708: 2688: 2682: 2679: 2673: 2667: 2661: 2655: 2642: 2636: 2630: 2624: 2609: 2608: 2588: 2582: 2576: 2570: 2564: 2558: 2543: 2537: 2531: 2520: 2519: 2517: 2510: 2502: 2496: 2495: 2484: 2475: 2473: 2457: 2448: 2447: 2445: 2443: 2432: 2426: 2425: 2423: 2417:. Archived from 2416: 2408: 2402: 2401: 2399: 2397: 2382: 2376: 2375: 2360: 2354: 2353: 2346: 2340: 2334: 2315: 2303: 2291: 2279: 2258: 2246: 2234: 2217:Elpida Karamandi 2180:Dimitrios Makris 2152:Alexis Alexoudis 2007: 1906:Nikolaos Politis 1860:Ilinden Uprising 1856:H. N. Brailsford 1753: 1739: 1727: 1539:For part of the 1499:Macedonian front 1389:Manakis brothers 1282:, while in both 1281: 1271: 1223:name, Χλέρινον ( 595: 555:, Florina has a 394:) is a town and 385: 317: 168: 167: 165: 164: 163: 158: 154: 151: 150: 149: 146: 106: 105: 99: 80: 65: 39: 21: 6051: 6050: 6046: 6045: 6044: 6042: 6041: 6040: 6011: 6010: 6009: 6004: 5995: 5964: 5926:Platamon Castle 5836: 5818:Voras Mountains 5746:Lake Vegoritida 5682: 5599: 5545:Drama coal mine 5523: 5492: 5478:Greek Civil War 5473:Axis occupation 5444:Sanjak of Siroz 5434:Sanjak of Drama 5322:Roman Macedonia 5317:Macedonian Wars 5273: 5264: 5239: 5235:Slavic speakers 5194: 5189: 5159: 5154: 4881: 4868: 4866: 4864: 4834: 4829: 4750: 4681: 4596: 4548: 4542: 4512: 4507: 4485: 4471: 4432: 4403: 4379: 4370: 4341: 4303: 4293: 4259: 4249: 4239: 4231: 4229:City of Florina 4225: 4220: 4219: 4212: 4191: 4190: 4186: 4172: 4171: 4167: 4151: 4150: 4146: 4138: 4121: 4120: 4116: 4097: 4096: 4087: 4080: 4063: 4062: 4055: 4027: 4026: 4019: 4012: 3997: 3996: 3992: 3984: 3980: 3973: 3958: 3957: 3953: 3945: 3941: 3933: 3929: 3921: 3917: 3909: 3905: 3897: 3893: 3886: 3871: 3870: 3866: 3856: 3854: 3842: 3841: 3830: 3823: 3808: 3807: 3803: 3796: 3781: 3780: 3776: 3769: 3752: 3751: 3747: 3740: 3725: 3724: 3720: 3710: 3706: 3688: 3687: 3678: 3660: 3659: 3655: 3637: 3636: 3632: 3625: 3610: 3609: 3605: 3581: 3580: 3576: 3569: 3552: 3551: 3542: 3535: 3520: 3519: 3512: 3504: 3497: 3490: 3475: 3474: 3470: 3462: 3447: 3446: 3439: 3422: 3415: 3407: 3403: 3391: 3390: 3386: 3370: 3365: 3364: 3357: 3331: 3330: 3326: 3318: 3314: 3306: 3299: 3291: 3287: 3279: 3275: 3267: 3260: 3252: 3248: 3240: 3236: 3228: 3215: 3207: 3200: 3192: 3177: 3176: 3172: 3164: 3157: 3149: 3145: 3132: 3131: 3127: 3119: 3112: 3104: 3100: 3092: 3088: 3080: 3076: 3069: 3054: 3053: 3049: 3041: 3037: 3029: 3025: 3020:Wayback Machine 3009:Wayback Machine 3000: 2996: 2986: 2984: 2983:on 23 July 2020 2975: 2974: 2970: 2960: 2958: 2951:"Visit Florina" 2949: 2948: 2944: 2936: 2932: 2924: 2913: 2900: 2896: 2891: 2887: 2874: 2870: 2863: 2848: 2847: 2843: 2835: 2831: 2825:, p. 134. 2821: 2814: 2804: 2802: 2790: 2789: 2778: 2770: 2766: 2759: 2744: 2743: 2739: 2729: 2727: 2723: 2718: 2717: 2713: 2705: 2690: 2689: 2685: 2680: 2676: 2668: 2664: 2656: 2645: 2637: 2633: 2625: 2612: 2605: 2590: 2589: 2585: 2577: 2573: 2565: 2561: 2544: 2540: 2532: 2523: 2515: 2508: 2504: 2503: 2499: 2486: 2485: 2478: 2459: 2458: 2451: 2441: 2439: 2434: 2433: 2429: 2421: 2414: 2410: 2409: 2405: 2395: 2393: 2384: 2383: 2379: 2374:on 3 June 2006. 2362: 2361: 2357: 2348: 2347: 2343: 2335: 2331: 2326: 2319: 2316: 2307: 2304: 2295: 2292: 2283: 2280: 2271: 2259: 2250: 2247: 2238: 2235: 2226: 2192:Nikolaos Pyrzas 2145:Nikolaos Pyrzas 2137: 2095: 2016:Municipal unit 1812: 1759: 1754: 1745: 1740: 1731: 1728: 1683: 1632:Florina peppers 1617:Florina peppers 1610: 1596:station on the 1590: 1585: 1553:Slav Macedonian 1541:Greek Civil War 1530:Axis Occupation 1503:was occupied by 1468:Nikolaos Pyrzas 1408:Hellenistic era 1381: 1339: 1300: 1290:, it is Лерин ( 1217: 1212: 1065: 1060: 1055: 1050: 1045: 1040: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1020: 1015: 1010: 1005: 991: 986: 981: 976: 971: 966: 961: 956: 951: 946: 941: 936: 931: 921: 916: 911: 906: 901: 896: 891: 886: 881: 876: 871: 866: 861: 851: 846: 841: 836: 831: 826: 821: 816: 811: 806: 801: 796: 791: 781: 776: 771: 766: 761: 756: 751: 746: 741: 736: 731: 726: 721: 711: 706: 701: 696: 691: 686: 681: 676: 671: 666: 661: 656: 651: 577: 548: 453:, northwest of 431: 423:North Macedonia 339: 311: 161: 159: 155: 152: 147: 144: 142: 140: 139: 133: 132: 131: 130: 129: 128: 119: 114: 113: 112: 111: 107: 86: 85: 84: 83: 68: 56: 47: 44: 37: 32: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6049: 6047: 6039: 6038: 6033: 6028: 6023: 6013: 6012: 6006: 6005: 6000: 5997: 5996: 5994: 5993: 5988: 5983: 5978: 5972: 5970: 5966: 5965: 5963: 5962: 5933: 5928: 5923: 5918: 5913: 5908: 5894: 5889: 5888: 5887: 5882: 5872: 5871: 5870: 5865: 5855: 5850: 5844: 5842: 5838: 5837: 5835: 5834: 5829: 5820: 5815: 5810: 5809: 5808: 5798: 5793: 5788: 5786:Petralona cave 5783: 5773: 5771:Pangaion Hills 5768: 5763: 5761:Nestos (river) 5758: 5753: 5748: 5743: 5742: 5741: 5731: 5729:Lake Orestiada 5726: 5721: 5716: 5711: 5706: 5701: 5696: 5690: 5688: 5684: 5683: 5681: 5680: 5673: 5668: 5663: 5658: 5653: 5648: 5643: 5638: 5633: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5607: 5605: 5601: 5600: 5598: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5567: 5565:Port of Kavala 5562: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5531: 5529: 5525: 5524: 5522: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5500: 5498: 5497:Administration 5494: 5493: 5491: 5490: 5485: 5480: 5475: 5470: 5469: 5468: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5447: 5446: 5441: 5436: 5426: 5425: 5424: 5419: 5409: 5404: 5402:Rumelia Eyalet 5399: 5397:Ottoman Greece 5394: 5389: 5384: 5379: 5374: 5369: 5364: 5359: 5354: 5349: 5344: 5339: 5334: 5329: 5324: 5319: 5314: 5309: 5304: 5303: 5302: 5297: 5292: 5281: 5279: 5275: 5274: 5267: 5265: 5263: 5262: 5257: 5252: 5251: 5250: 5232: 5227: 5226: 5225: 5215: 5214: 5213: 5202: 5200: 5196: 5195: 5190: 5188: 5187: 5180: 5173: 5165: 5156: 5155: 5153: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5012: 5007: 5002: 4997: 4992: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4962: 4957: 4952: 4947: 4942: 4937: 4932: 4927: 4922: 4917: 4912: 4907: 4902: 4897: 4895:Alexandroupoli 4892: 4890:Agios Nikolaos 4886: 4883: 4882: 4865: 4863: 4862: 4855: 4848: 4840: 4831: 4830: 4828: 4827: 4822: 4817: 4812: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4792: 4787: 4782: 4777: 4772: 4767: 4761: 4759: 4752: 4751: 4749: 4748: 4743: 4738: 4733: 4728: 4723: 4718: 4713: 4708: 4703: 4698: 4692: 4690: 4683: 4682: 4680: 4679: 4674: 4669: 4664: 4659: 4654: 4651: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4636:Kato Kalliniki 4633: 4628: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4611:Agia Paraskevi 4607: 4605: 4598: 4597: 4595: 4594: 4591: 4586: 4581: 4578: 4575: 4570: 4565: 4559: 4557: 4550: 4549: 4543: 4541: 4540: 4533: 4526: 4518: 4509: 4508: 4506: 4505: 4500: 4497: 4480: 4476: 4473: 4472: 4470: 4469: 4464: 4459: 4454: 4449: 4443: 4441: 4434: 4433: 4431: 4430: 4425: 4420: 4418:Argos Orestiko 4414: 4412: 4405: 4404: 4402: 4401: 4396: 4390: 4388: 4381: 4380: 4373: 4371: 4369: 4368: 4363: 4358: 4352: 4350: 4343: 4342: 4340: 4339: 4334: 4331: 4324: 4323:Municipalities 4321: 4318: 4315: 4312: 4308: 4305: 4304: 4294: 4292: 4291: 4284: 4277: 4269: 4263: 4262: 4247: 4242: 4234: 4224: 4223:External links 4221: 4218: 4217: 4210: 4184: 4165: 4159:Balkan Insight 4144: 4136: 4114: 4085: 4078: 4053: 4017: 4010: 3990: 3978: 3971: 3951: 3939: 3927: 3915: 3903: 3891: 3884: 3864: 3828: 3821: 3801: 3794: 3774: 3767: 3745: 3738: 3718: 3712:Koukoudis 2003 3704: 3676: 3653: 3630: 3623: 3603: 3574: 3567: 3540: 3533: 3510: 3495: 3488: 3468: 3460: 3437: 3413: 3401: 3384: 3355: 3324: 3312: 3310:, p. 159. 3297: 3295:, p. 158. 3285: 3273: 3271:, p. 157. 3258: 3256:, p. 156. 3246: 3244:, p. 155. 3234: 3213: 3198: 3190: 3170: 3168:, p. 279. 3155: 3143: 3125: 3123:, p. 278. 3110: 3098: 3096:, p. 277. 3086: 3074: 3067: 3047: 3035: 3023: 2994: 2968: 2942: 2930: 2928:, p. 150. 2911: 2894: 2885: 2868: 2861: 2841: 2829: 2812: 2776: 2764: 2757: 2737: 2711: 2703: 2683: 2674: 2662: 2660:, p. 276. 2643: 2631: 2629:, p. 153. 2610: 2603: 2583: 2571: 2569:, p. 247. 2559: 2538: 2521: 2497: 2476: 2449: 2427: 2403: 2377: 2355: 2341: 2328: 2327: 2325: 2322: 2321: 2320: 2317: 2310: 2308: 2305: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2286: 2284: 2281: 2274: 2272: 2268:O Melissokomos 2260: 2253: 2251: 2248: 2241: 2239: 2236: 2229: 2225: 2222: 2221: 2220: 2214: 2204: 2198: 2189: 2183: 2177: 2171: 2161: 2155: 2136: 2135:Notable people 2133: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2087: 2084: 2081: 2078: 2074: 2073: 2070: 2067: 2064: 2060: 2059: 2056: 2053: 2050: 2046: 2045: 2042: 2039: 2036: 2032: 2031: 2028: 2025: 2021: 2020: 2017: 2014: 2011: 1811: 1808: 1807: 1806: 1801: 1796: 1791: 1786: 1761: 1760: 1755: 1748: 1746: 1741: 1734: 1732: 1729: 1722: 1682: 1679: 1609: 1606: 1589: 1586: 1584: 1581: 1457:Florina region 1380: 1377: 1376: 1375: 1372: 1369: 1364: 1361: 1358: 1353: 1348: 1338: 1335: 1331: 1330: 1325: 1320: 1315: 1299: 1296: 1216: 1213: 1209: 1208: 1204: 1203: 1200: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1188: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1170: 1167: 1164: 1156: 1155: 1152: 1149: 1146: 1143: 1140: 1137: 1134: 1131: 1128: 1125: 1122: 1119: 1116: 1112: 1111: 1108: 1105: 1102: 1099: 1096: 1093: 1090: 1087: 1084: 1081: 1078: 1075: 1072: 1068: 1067: 1062: 1057: 1052: 1047: 1042: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1022: 1017: 1012: 1007: 1002: 994: 993: 988: 983: 978: 973: 968: 963: 958: 953: 948: 943: 938: 933: 928: 924: 923: 918: 913: 908: 903: 898: 893: 888: 883: 878: 873: 868: 863: 858: 854: 853: 848: 843: 838: 833: 828: 823: 818: 813: 808: 803: 798: 793: 788: 784: 783: 778: 773: 768: 763: 758: 753: 748: 743: 738: 733: 728: 723: 718: 714: 713: 708: 703: 698: 693: 688: 683: 678: 673: 668: 663: 658: 653: 648: 644: 643: 640: 637: 634: 631: 628: 625: 622: 619: 616: 613: 610: 607: 604: 600: 599: 593: 576: 573: 547: 544: 430: 427: 371: 370: 365: 361: 360: 357: 351: 350: 347: 341: 340: 337: 335: 329: 328: 318: 308: 307: 297: 291: 290: 287: 283: 282: 279: 275: 274: 271: 267: 266: 263: 259: 258: 255: 251: 250: 246: 245: 242: 238: 237: 234: 230: 229: 226: 222: 221: 217: 216: 213: 209: 208: 204: 203: 198: 192: 191: 186: 180: 179: 174: 170: 169: 162:40.783; 21.400 135: 134: 120: 117: 116: 115: 109: 108: 101: 100: 94: 93: 92: 91: 88: 87: 81: 75: 74: 73: 70: 69: 66: 58: 57: 52: 49: 48: 42: 35: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6048: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6018: 6016: 6003: 5998: 5992: 5989: 5987: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5977: 5974: 5973: 5971: 5967: 5961: 5957: 5953: 5949: 5945: 5941: 5937: 5934: 5932: 5929: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5906: 5902: 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5877: 5876: 5873: 5869: 5866: 5864: 5861: 5860: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5845: 5843: 5839: 5833: 5830: 5828: 5824: 5821: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5807: 5804: 5803: 5802: 5799: 5797: 5794: 5792: 5791:Strymon River 5789: 5787: 5784: 5781: 5777: 5774: 5772: 5769: 5767: 5766:Mount Olympus 5764: 5762: 5759: 5757: 5754: 5752: 5749: 5747: 5744: 5740: 5737: 5736: 5735: 5732: 5730: 5727: 5725: 5724:Lake Koroneia 5722: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5712: 5710: 5709:Galikos River 5707: 5705: 5702: 5700: 5697: 5695: 5692: 5691: 5689: 5685: 5679: 5678: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5649: 5647: 5644: 5642: 5639: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5608: 5606: 5602: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5590:Stratoni mine 5588: 5586: 5585:Skouries mine 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5560:Piavitsa mine 5558: 5556: 5555:Olympias mine 5553: 5551: 5550:Gerakini mine 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5532: 5530: 5526: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5505: 5502: 5501: 5499: 5495: 5489: 5486: 5484: 5481: 5479: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5467: 5464: 5463: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5431: 5430: 5427: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5414: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5393: 5390: 5388: 5385: 5383: 5380: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5365: 5363: 5360: 5358: 5355: 5353: 5350: 5348: 5345: 5343: 5340: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5328: 5325: 5323: 5320: 5318: 5315: 5313: 5310: 5308: 5305: 5301: 5298: 5296: 5293: 5291: 5288: 5287: 5286: 5283: 5282: 5280: 5276: 5271: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5253: 5248: 5247: 5243: 5238: 5237: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5224: 5221: 5220: 5219: 5216: 5212: 5209: 5208: 5207: 5204: 5203: 5201: 5197: 5193: 5186: 5181: 5179: 5174: 5172: 5167: 5166: 5163: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5021: 5018: 5016: 5013: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4941: 4938: 4936: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4926: 4923: 4921: 4918: 4916: 4913: 4911: 4908: 4906: 4903: 4901: 4898: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4887: 4884: 4880: 4876: 4861: 4856: 4854: 4849: 4847: 4842: 4841: 4838: 4826: 4823: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4815:Triantafyllia 4813: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4771: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4762: 4760: 4758: 4753: 4747: 4744: 4742: 4739: 4737: 4734: 4732: 4729: 4727: 4724: 4722: 4719: 4717: 4714: 4712: 4709: 4707: 4704: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4694: 4693: 4691: 4689: 4684: 4678: 4675: 4673: 4670: 4668: 4665: 4663: 4662:Neos Kafkasos 4660: 4658: 4655: 4652: 4649: 4647: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4637: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4621:Ano Kalliniki 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4608: 4606: 4604: 4599: 4592: 4590: 4587: 4585: 4582: 4579: 4576: 4574: 4571: 4569: 4566: 4564: 4561: 4560: 4558: 4556: 4551: 4547: 4539: 4534: 4532: 4527: 4525: 4520: 4519: 4516: 4504: 4501: 4498: 4495: 4489: 4484: 4481: 4478: 4477: 4474: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4455: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4444: 4442: 4440: 4435: 4429: 4426: 4424: 4421: 4419: 4416: 4415: 4413: 4411: 4406: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4391: 4389: 4387: 4382: 4377: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4357: 4354: 4353: 4351: 4349: 4344: 4338: 4335: 4332: 4329: 4325: 4322: 4319: 4316: 4313: 4310: 4309: 4306: 4301: 4297: 4290: 4285: 4283: 4278: 4276: 4271: 4270: 4267: 4255: 4254: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4238: 4235: 4230: 4227: 4226: 4222: 4213: 4211:9780748697960 4207: 4203: 4199: 4197: 4196:Ulysses' Gaze 4188: 4185: 4180: 4176: 4169: 4166: 4161: 4160: 4155: 4148: 4145: 4139: 4137:9789401142939 4133: 4129: 4125: 4118: 4115: 4109: 4105: 4101: 4094: 4092: 4090: 4086: 4081: 4079:9781134409754 4075: 4071: 4067: 4060: 4058: 4054: 4048: 4043: 4039: 4035: 4031: 4024: 4022: 4018: 4013: 4011:9780838639115 4007: 4003: 4002: 3994: 3991: 3987: 3982: 3979: 3974: 3972:9780804772495 3968: 3964: 3963: 3955: 3952: 3949:, p. 60. 3948: 3943: 3940: 3937:, p. 68. 3936: 3931: 3928: 3925:, p. 56. 3924: 3919: 3916: 3913:, p. 43. 3912: 3907: 3904: 3901:, p. 69. 3900: 3895: 3892: 3887: 3885:9780199561520 3881: 3877: 3876: 3868: 3865: 3852: 3848: 3847: 3839: 3837: 3835: 3833: 3829: 3824: 3822:9789004465268 3818: 3814: 3813: 3805: 3802: 3797: 3795:9781886857063 3791: 3787: 3786: 3778: 3775: 3770: 3768:9781850657057 3764: 3760: 3756: 3749: 3746: 3741: 3739:9789607760869 3735: 3731: 3730: 3722: 3719: 3716: 3713: 3708: 3705: 3698: 3694: 3693: 3685: 3683: 3681: 3677: 3672: 3668: 3664: 3657: 3654: 3649: 3645: 3641: 3634: 3631: 3626: 3624:9780191515552 3620: 3616: 3615: 3607: 3604: 3598: 3593: 3589: 3585: 3578: 3575: 3570: 3568:9781000281835 3564: 3560: 3556: 3549: 3547: 3545: 3541: 3536: 3534:9780821361719 3530: 3526: 3525: 3517: 3515: 3511: 3508:, p. 26. 3507: 3502: 3500: 3496: 3491: 3489:9789607459015 3485: 3481: 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1953:Caucasus 1830:Albanian 1818:Austrian 1506:Bulgaria 1432:Ottomans 1374:Trivouno 1363:Mesonisi 1276:, it is 1264:Albanian 1248:Chlerina 1237:Florinon 1159:Average 1066:(26.12) 997:Average 992:(−13.2) 932:(−13.2) 712:(105.4) 687:(101.5) 682:(105.4) 677:(102.2) 507:Thessaly 463:Kastoria 459:Ioannina 447:Kastoria 6021:Florina 5991:Cuisine 5969:Culture 5931:Vergina 5823:Islands 5704:Falakro 5646:Florina 5528:Economy 5290:History 5278:History 5125:Tripoli 5120:Trikala 5085:Preveza 5075:Piraeus 5065:Pallini 5040:Lefkada 5035:Larissa 4965:Grevena 4960:Florina 4940:Corinth 4920:Chalcis 4900:Amfissa 4873: 4805:Perasma 4780:Atrapos 4757:Perasma 4731:Sitaria 4696:Achlada 4646:Kratero 4631:Ethniko 4616:Akritas 4573:Florina 4555:Florina 4546:Florina 4492:(since 4447:Eordaia 4399:Grevena 4394:Deskati 4386:Grevena 4366:Prespes 4361:Florina 4348:Florina 4333:Capital 4298:of the 4104:Strates 2987:23 July 2961:23 July 2805:9 March 2391:TO BHMA 2224:Gallery 2211:Rainbow 2168:Turkish 2086:29,500 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In 1260:Lerin 1244:flora 1241:Latin 1229:Greek 1202:68.1 1199:81.7 1196:77.8 1193:71.4 1190:63.3 1187:56.9 1184:55.4 1181:58.6 1178:62.8 1175:63.2 1172:68.8 1169:76.4 1166:81.2 1154:27.1 1107:11.8 1086:10.7 1083:10.6 1080:11.1 1077:10.6 1074:11.0 1064:663.5 990:−25.1 985:−18.6 980:−12.6 940:−13.6 935:−23.0 930:−25.1 642:Year 505:, in 483:Verno 467:Korçë 380:Greek 349:23850 321:UTC+3 300:UTC+2 18:Lerin 5981:Flag 5875:Dion 5806:Seli 5223:List 5211:List 4910:Arta 4746:Vevi 4701:Itea 4667:Niki 4494:2019 4467:Voio 4328:2011 4311:Area 4206:ISBN 4132:ISBN 4074:ISBN 4006:ISBN 3967:ISBN 3880:ISBN 3859:2022 3817:ISBN 3790:ISBN 3763:ISBN 3734:ISBN 3619:ISBN 3563:ISBN 3529:ISBN 3484:ISBN 3456:ISBN 3186:ISBN 3063:ISBN 2989:2020 2963:2020 2903:ISBN 2877:ISBN 2857:ISBN 2807:2024 2753:ISBN 2732:2012 2699:ISBN 2599:ISBN 2551:ISBN 2444:2020 2398:2017 2125:and 2113:are 2000:The 1873:and 1832:and 1666:and 1588:Rail 1501:and 1489:The 1286:and 1250:and 1215:Name 1163:(%) 1151:5.9 1148:1.8 1145:0.3 1142:0.0 1139:0.0 1136:0.0 1133:0.0 1130:0.0 1127:0.8 1124:4.5 1121:6.3 1118:7.5 1104:9.7 1101:7.6 1098:6.5 1095:5.3 1092:5.5 1089:7.2 1059:85.6 1054:71.3 1049:69.2 1044:50.1 1039:30.6 1034:33.9 1029:37.3 1024:59.4 1019:60.4 1014:57.8 1009:51.1 1004:56.8 975:−5.0 970:−1.4 945:−5.0 915:−1.8 900:11.4 895:14.7 890:14.8 885:12.8 865:−1.7 860:−3.1 850:12.2 835:12.9 830:18.2 825:22.8 820:23.4 815:21.1 810:16.9 805:11.7 780:17.4 770:12.2 765:19.0 760:24.7 755:29.0 750:29.0 745:26.4 740:22.0 735:16.8 730:12.0 710:40.8 705:22.3 700:26.6 695:32.2 690:36.0 685:38.6 680:40.8 675:39.0 670:33.8 665:31.2 660:25.8 655:23.0 650:18.7 639:Dec 636:Nov 633:Oct 630:Sep 627:Aug 624:Jul 621:Jun 618:May 615:Apr 612:Mar 609:Feb 606:Jan 585:HNMS 526:GR-3 514:GR-2 473:and 461:and 325:EEST 220:Area 82:Seal 4877:of 4042:doi 3592:doi 3427:." 3346:doi 1897:". 1294:). 965:4.0 960:6.6 955:2.4 950:0.0 920:6.1 910:2.6 905:7.1 880:9.5 875:5.4 870:1.5 845:2.0 840:7.2 800:7.0 795:2.8 790:0.6 775:5.9 725:7.4 720:4.7 571:). 569:Dfa 561:Cfa 530:E65 469:in 417:of 359:ΡΑ* 314:DST 304:EET 6017:: 5958:, 5954:, 5950:, 5946:, 5942:, 5938:: 5903:, 5825:: 5244:, 4488:el 4156:. 4108:10 4106:. 4088:^ 4056:^ 4036:. 4032:. 4020:^ 3831:^ 3679:^ 3669:. 3665:. 3648:48 3646:. 3642:. 3543:^ 3513:^ 3498:^ 3440:^ 3433:24 3431:. 3416:^ 3377:. 3373:. 3358:^ 3342:47 3340:. 3336:. 3300:^ 3261:^ 3216:^ 3201:^ 3158:^ 3113:^ 3011:, 2914:^ 2909:). 2815:^ 2779:^ 2646:^ 2613:^ 2524:^ 2479:^ 2470:12 2468:. 2464:. 2452:^ 2389:. 2366:. 2131:. 2119:, 2058:- 2044:- 2030:- 1645:. 1626:, 1604:. 1474:. 1459:. 1415:. 520:– 425:. 402:, 386:, 382:: 5907:) 5899:( 5782:) 5778:( 5184:e 5177:t 5170:v 4859:e 4852:t 4845:v 4537:e 4530:t 4523:v 4496:) 4330:) 4288:e 4281:t 4274:v 4214:. 4198:" 4162:. 4140:. 4110:. 4082:. 4050:. 4044:: 4038:2 4014:. 3975:. 3888:. 3861:. 3825:. 3798:. 3771:. 3742:. 3671:2 3627:. 3600:. 3594:: 3571:. 3537:. 3492:. 3464:. 3379:6 3352:. 3348:: 3194:. 3071:. 2991:. 2965:. 2883:. 2865:. 2809:. 2761:. 2734:. 2707:. 2607:. 2494:. 2472:. 2446:. 2400:. 567:( 559:( 528:/ 516:( 378:( 327:) 323:( 316:) 306:) 302:( 31:. 20:)

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