330:
stigma is pale brown, reaching from the costa to the forewing centre. The central dorsum has a prominent orange to dark brown L-shaped or triangular spot leading to the forewing centre and often meeting with the distal discoidal stigma. The antemedial line is sinuate, more or less distinct, but with a prominent subcostal bulge. The subapical half of the termen has a half moon-shaped brown to grey-grown spot. The marginal line is dotted. The hindwing ground colour is white. The internal area is white, with a discoidal spot, basicostally often with an auxiliary spot. The medial line is sinuate, the distal half approaching the discoidal spot, then turning towards the dorsum. The external area is pale brown to grey with a dotted marginal line.
540:
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410:
with excreta. In young plants, caterpillars are reported to bore inside petioles and midribs of large leaves. As a result, the affected leaves may drop off. Larval feeding inside shoots results in wilting of the young shoot. The damaged shoots ultimately drop off, disturbing plant growth and reducing fruit number and size. New shoots may grow but this delays crop maturity. Larval feeding inside the fruit results in the destruction of fruit tissue, making even slightly damaged fruit unfit for marketing.
55:
504:
1471:
42:
33:
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516:
409:
Eggs are laid during the night on the lower surface of the young leaves, green stems, flower buds, or calyces of the fruits. Within an hour of hatching, the caterpillar (larva) bores into the nearest tender shoot, flower, or fruit. Soon after boring into shoots or fruits, they plug the entrance hole
329:
have a forewing length of 8.5–10.5 mm in males and 9.5–12 mm in females. The forewing ground colour is white, with a light- to dark-brown basal area, delimited by a dark-brown to grey antemedial line. The median area has a pale-brown, faint proximal discoidal stigma. The distal discoidal
450:
suggest synchronous planting with neighbouring fields to help reduce the spread of infestation. They also suggest protecting seedlings by growing them away from areas of known infestation and growing them under netting to prevent moths laying eggs.
425:
strategies, for example, sex pheromones, physical and mechanical barriers, cultural practices, use of bio-pesticides and biological agents, botanical pesticides and safer chemical pesticides has been suggested to combat this pest.
1541:
539:
454:
Removal of any infected material up until harvest can also be conducted to prevent spread. In addition, removal of stubble from the previous season can help reduce carryover.
443:
1381:
471:
Partners of
Plantwise have recommended using maize as a barrier crop and intercropping with non-host crops including cowpea, coriander, black gram and green gram.
824:
Hayden, James E.; Lee, Sangmi; Passoa, Steven C.; Young, James; Landry, Jean-François; Nazari, Vazrick; Mally, Richard; Somma, Louis A.; Ahlmark, Kurt M. (2013).
1430:
457:
Partners of
Plantwise also recommend crop rotation with root crops or pulses after Solanaceous planting can also be used as a method to reduce infestation.
1512:
1355:
556:
479:
In small plantings, partners of
Plantwise suggest infected shoots and fruits can be hand picked and eggs and larvae can be physically removed.
318:
is currently not present in Africa, and that previous records of this species were misidentifications of previously undescribed species.
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527:
515:
492:
Due to variable regulations around (de-)registration of pesticides, specific chemical control methods may differ between countries.
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1505:
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742:
Mally, Richard; Korycinska, Anastasia; Agassiz, David J. L.; Hall, Jayne; Hodgetts, Jennifer; Nuss, Matthias (2015).
54:
1498:
1435:
422:
748:
species damaging
Solanaceae fruits in sub-Saharan Africa and moving in trade (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Pyraloidea)"
1551:
1271:
1546:
1233:
1194:
1159:
854:
581:
357:
1536:
1399:
1308:
805:
Guenée, 1854 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), a species not previously recorded in the wild in Great
Britain".
149:
1329:
755:
392:
361:
353:
303:
397:
344:, where most of the economical impact of this species is reported. Secondary hostplants comprise
311:
49:
1386:
1443:
1316:
887:
783:
365:
340:
195:
165:
1482:
1409:
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1285:
1202:
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1132:
1092:
1051:
1005:
963:
919:
862:
773:
763:
608:, Benjamin K. Badii, Hannah Nuamah, Harunah Braimah, Antony Cudjoe, Maxwell Awuku, CABI.
369:
1124:
1084:
1043:
997:
955:
911:
713:
691:
669:
647:
630:, Ratna Kumar Jha (NPQP), Parshu Ram Rawat (RPPL, Nepalgunj), NareshDangi (NARC), CABI.
625:
603:
674:, K.P. Somachandra, M. S. K. K Perera, T. K. A. I. Hadji and K. Thanabalasingam, CABI.
402:
386:
219:
1042:
Somachandra, K. P.; Perera, M. S. K. K.; Hadji, T. K. A. I.; Thanabalasingam, K. (2018).
759:
718:, Fred Muzira (Department of Crop Protection, MAAIF) and Idd Ramathani (NARO), CABI.
778:
583:
Plantwise
Factsheets for Farmers: Fruit and shoot borer of brinjal - Bangladesh
381:
377:
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41:
1525:
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1470:
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They also recommend introducing light traps into fields to attract moths at night.
32:
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683:
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639:
617:
595:
573:
1422:
1368:
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291:
275:
106:
1256:
1125:"Plantwise Knowledge Bank | Fruit and Shoot borer on African Eggplant - Uganda"
832:. USDA-APHIS-PPQ Identification Technology Program (ITP), Fort Collins, CO, USA
414:
227:
190:
126:
1207:
1172:
1137:
1097:
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1010:
968:
924:
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198:
in 1854. Its native distribution is in the tropical and subtropical parts of
1342:
447:
279:
267:
223:
199:
116:
86:
66:
1295:
787:
1195:"Plantwise Knowledge Bank | Shoot and fruit borer of brinjal - Bangladesh"
855:"Plantwise Knowledge Bank | Shoot and fruit borer of brinjal - Bangladesh"
1250:
1044:"Plantwise Knowledge Bank | Shoot and Fruit borer on Brinjal - Sri Lanka"
263:
247:
239:
207:
1160:"Plantwise Knowledge Bank | Fruit and Shoot Borer Management in Brinjal"
1360:
295:
243:
231:
1373:
956:"Plantwise Knowledge Bank | Fruit and shoot borer of brinjal - Nepal"
910:
Badii, B. K.; Nuamah, H.; Braimah, H.; Cudjoe, C.; Awuku, M. (2018).
349:
345:
271:
255:
96:
76:
1227:
1347:
912:"Plantwise Knowledge Bank | Fruit/shoot borer on egg plant - Ghana"
998:"Plantwise Knowledge Bank | Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer - India"
326:
259:
251:
215:
211:
715:
PMDG: Fruit and Shoot Borer on
African Eggplant - Uganda
283:
235:
203:
1334:
1231:
586:, Md. Rafiquzzaman, Zahidul Islam, M. Anwar Hossain, CABI.
1085:"Plantwise Knowledge Bank | Eggplant fruit and shoot borer"
545:
A later instar causing damage in a brinjal fruit by feeding
888:
Biology and
Management of Eggplant Fruit and Shoot Borer,
671:
PMDG: Fruit and shoot borer of brinjal - Sri Lanka
286:). It has also been intercepted from fruit imports in the
830:
1486:
693:
PMDG Green list: Eggplant fruit and shoot borer
652:, Mr. Nilesh Ganesh Patkar, Dr. Raja.Ramesh, CABI.
485:
Chemical control methods can also be used to control
338:
The primary larval hostplant is eggplant or brinjal,
1193:
Hossain, M. A.; Islam, Z.; Rafiquzzaman, M. (2016).
853:
Hossain, M. A.; Islam, Z.; Rafiquzzaman, M. (2016).
1240:
649:
PMDG: Brinjal fruit and shoot borer - India
605:
PMDG: Fruit/shoot borer on eggplant - Ghana
465:Intercropping can be used to reduce infestation of
737:
735:
733:
731:
1542:Insects of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
627:PMDG: Fruit and shoot borer of brinjal
439:Tolerant varieties of eggplant are available.
302:, where it was also reported from the wild. A
1506:
8:
954:Jha, R. K.; Rawat, P. R.; Dangi, N. (2018).
704: This article incorporates text from a
682: This article incorporates text from a
660: This article incorporates text from a
638: This article incorporates text from a
616: This article incorporates text from a
594: This article incorporates text from a
572: This article incorporates text from a
1513:
1499:
1228:
40:
31:
20:
1206:
1171:
1136:
1096:
1091:. Pest Management Decision Guides. 2018.
1055:
1009:
967:
923:
866:
777:
767:
1158:Lokendra, Lokendra; Bohara, S. (2016).
727:
499:
413:A genetically modified brinjal, called
744:"Discovery of an unknown diversity of
557:List of moths of Australia (Pyralidae)
417:, has been developed to fight against
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1131:. Pest Management Decision Guides.
1050:. Pest Management Decision Guides.
1004:. Pest Management Decision Guides.
962:. Pest Management Decision Guides.
918:. Pest Management Decision Guides.
1485:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
1123:Muzira, F.; Ramathani, I. (2018).
996:Patkar, N. G.; Ramesh, R. (2018).
14:
188:, is a moth species in the genus
1469:
708:work. Licensed under CC BY-SA (
699:
686:work. Licensed under CC BY-SA (
677:
664:work. Licensed under CC BY-SA (
655:
642:work. Licensed under CC BY-SA (
633:
620:work. Licensed under CC BY-SA (
611:
598:work. Licensed under CC BY-SA (
589:
576:work. Licensed under CC BY-SA (
567:
538:
526:
514:
502:
53:
892:Guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
182:eggplant fruit and shoot borer
1:
186:brinjal fruit and shoot borer
1199:Plantwiseplus Knowledge Bank
1164:Plantwiseplus Knowledge Bank
1129:Plantwiseplus Knowledge Bank
1089:Plantwiseplus Knowledge Bank
1048:Plantwiseplus Knowledge Bank
1002:Plantwiseplus Knowledge Bank
960:Plantwiseplus Knowledge Bank
916:Plantwiseplus Knowledge Bank
859:Plantwiseplus Knowledge Bank
710:license statement/permission
688:license statement/permission
666:license statement/permission
644:license statement/permission
622:license statement/permission
600:license statement/permission
578:license statement/permission
206:, where it is recorded from
1573:
1464:
1201:. Factsheets for Farmers.
1166:. Factsheets for Farmers.
861:. Factsheets for Farmers.
423:integrated pest management
155:
148:
50:Scientific classification
48:
39:
30:
23:
1208:10.1079/pwkb.20157800236
1173:10.1079/pwkb.20147801447
1138:10.1079/pwkb.20187800511
1098:10.1079/pwkb.20187800468
1057:10.1079/pwkb.20147800327
1011:10.1079/pwkb.20167801185
969:10.1079/pwkb.20157800151
925:10.1079/pwkb.20167800866
868:10.1079/pwkb.20157800236
801:Higgott, J. B. (2009). "
769:10.3897/zookeys.472.8781
1532:Moths described in 1854
1481:-related article is a
826:"Leucinodes orbonalis"
807:Entomologist's Gazette
696:, Plantwise, CABI.
322:Description of adults
1286:Leucinodes_orbonalis
1272:Leucinodes orbonalis
1242:Leucinodes orbonalis
890:Leucinodes orbonalis
803:Leucinodes orbonalis
393:Solanum xanthocarpum
362:Ethiopian nightshade
177:Leucinodes orbonalis
159:Leucinodes orbonalis
25:Leucinodes orbonalis
760:2015ZooK..472..117M
712:). Text taken from
690:). Text taken from
668:). Text taken from
646:). Text taken from
624:). Text taken from
602:). Text taken from
580:). Text taken from
382:tropical soda apple
1557:Spilomelinae stubs
509:Mounted male imago
430:Management of Pest
312:Sub-Saharan Africa
304:taxonomic revision
1494:
1493:
1459:
1458:
1444:Open Tree of Life
1234:Taxon identifiers
533:Late instar larva
341:Solanum melongena
173:
172:
141:L. orbonalis
1564:
1515:
1508:
1501:
1473:
1466:
1452:
1451:
1439:
1438:
1426:
1425:
1423:NHMSYS0000503039
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754:(472): 117–162.
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615:
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521:Mid instar larva
518:
506:
442:Partners of the
421:. Several other
374:black nightshade
218:, including the
161:
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57:
44:
35:
21:
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1552:Moths of Africa
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477:
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446:-led programme
437:
432:
403:Physalis minima
398:cape gooseberry
387:Solanum anguivi
336:
324:
314:concluded that
220:Andaman Islands
169:
163:
157:
144:
52:
17:
16:Species of moth
12:
11:
5:
1570:
1568:
1560:
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1547:Moths of Japan
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196:Achille Guenée
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467:L. orbonalis.
461:Intercropping
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300:Great Britain
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194:described by
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150:Binomial name
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26:
22:
19:
1537:Spilomelinae
1487:expanding it
1479:Spilomelinae
1476:
1461:
1241:
1224:
1212:. Retrieved
1198:
1188:
1177:. Retrieved
1163:
1153:
1142:. Retrieved
1128:
1102:. Retrieved
1088:
1061:. Retrieved
1047:
1015:. Retrieved
1001:
973:. Retrieved
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813:(1): 25–27.
370:nipplefruit
358:Sodom apple
334:Food plants
310:species of
292:Netherlands
276:Philippines
107:Lepidoptera
1526:Categories
1214:2020-05-26
1179:2020-05-26
1144:2020-05-26
1104:2020-05-26
1063:2020-05-26
1017:2020-05-26
975:2020-05-26
931:2020-05-26
874:2020-05-27
836:2019-11-25
746:Leucinodes
722:References
435:Prevention
415:Bt brinjal
366:potatotree
354:nightshade
308:Leucinodes
228:Bangladesh
191:Leucinodes
128:Leucinodes
87:Arthropoda
448:Plantwise
280:Indonesia
268:Singapore
224:Sri Lanka
200:Australia
135:Species:
117:Crambidae
73:Kingdom:
67:Eukaryota
1395:LepIndex
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1293:BioLib:
1257:Q6534040
1251:Wikidata
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551:See also
327:Imagines
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240:Cambodia
208:Pakistan
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