110:
835:
according to the Salic order. In other words, the female closest to the last incumbent is "regarded as a male" for the purposes of inheritance and succession. This has the effect of following the closest extant blood line (at least in the first instance) and not involving any more distant relatives. The closest female relative might be a child of a relatively junior branch of the whole dynasty, but still inherits due to her position in the male line, due to the longevity of her own branch; any existing senior female lines come behind that of the closest female.
36:
421:(c. 466–511), and published sometime between 507 and 511. He appointed four commissioners to research customary law that, until the publication of the Salic law, had been recorded only in the minds of designated elders, who would meet in council when their knowledge was required. Transmission was entirely oral. Salic law, therefore, reflects ancient usages and practices. To govern more effectively, having a written code was desirable for monarchs and their administrations.
1130:
839:
without sons, is succeeded by a son of his daughter, when the daughter in question is still alive. Or an uncle, with no children of his own, is succeeded by a son of his sister, when the sister in question is still alive. This fulfils the Salic condition of "no land comes to a woman, but the land comes to the male sex". This can be called a "quasi-Salic" system of succession and it should be classified as primogenitural, cognatic, and male-preferred.
397:
171:
1231:, to cite a representative example. European nobility would have confronted Salic issues at every turn in the practice of diplomacy, particularly when they negotiated marriages, since the entire male line had to be extinguished for a land title to pass (by marriage) "to a female's husband". Women rulers were anathema in the German states well into the modern era.
382:
919:
throne of France, a principle that remains in force to this day. The Salic law, at the time, was not yet invoked; the arguments put forward in favor of Philip V relied only on the degree of proximity of Philip V with Louis X. Philip had the support of the nobility and had the resources for his ambitions.
486:
Family IV also has two divisions – the first comprised 33 manuscripts; the second, one manuscript. They are characterized by the internal assignment of Latin names to various sections of different provenances. Two of the sections are dated to 768 and 778, but the emendation is believed to be dated to
1077:
from becoming king. Philip's agents were instructed to "insinuate cleverly" that the Salic law was a "pure invention". Even if the "Salic law" did not really apply to the throne of France, though, the very principle of agnatic succession had become a cornerstone of the French royal succession; they
818:
In its use by continental hereditary monarchies since the 15th century, aiming at agnatic succession, the Salic law is regarded as excluding all females from the succession, and prohibiting the transfer of succession rights through any woman. At least two systems of hereditary succession are direct
759:
Salic law regulates succession according to sex. "Agnatic succession" means succession to the throne or fief going to an agnate of the predecessor – for example, a brother, a son, or nearest male relative through the male line, including collateral agnate branches, for example very distant cousins.
918:
of 1317, gathered in
February. Philip V asked them to write an argument justifying his right to the throne of France. These "general statements" agreed in declaring that "Women do not succeed in the kingdom of France", formalizing Philip's usurpation and the impossibility for a woman to ascend the
449:
organizes all of the manuscripts into five families according to similarity and relative chronological sequence, judged by content and dateable material in the text. Family I is the oldest, containing four manuscripts dated to the eighth and ninth centuries, but containing 65 titles believed to be
424:
For the next 300 years, the code was copied by hand, and was amended as required to add newly enacted laws, revise laws that had been amended, and delete laws that had been repealed. In contrast with printing, hand copying is an individual act by an individual copyist with ideas and a style of his
998:
As far as can be ascertained, Salic law was not explicitly mentioned either in 1316 or 1328. It had been forgotten in the feudal era, and the assertion that the French crown can only be transmitted to and through males made it unique and exalted in the eyes of the French. In 1358 the monk
Richard
858:
The
Merovingian kings divided their realm equally among all living sons, leading to much conflict and fratricide among the rival heirs. The Carolingians did likewise, but they also possessed the imperial dignity, which was indivisible and passed to only one person at a time. Primogeniture, or the
510:
comprised most of
Western Europe. He added laws of choice (free will) taken from the earlier law codes of Germanic peoples not originally part of Francia. These are numbered into the laws that were there, but they have their own, quasisectional title. All the Franks of Francia were subject to the
474:
Family III is split into two divisions. The first, comprising three manuscripts, dated to the eighth–ninth centuries, presents an expanded text of 99 or 100 titles. The
Malberg Glosses are retained. The second division, with four manuscripts, not only drops the glosses, but also "bears traces of
1010:
succession, Capetian kings granted appanages to their younger sons and brothers, which could pass to male and female heirs. The appanages given to the Valois princes, though, in imitation of the succession law of the monarchy that gave them, limited their transmission to males. Another
Capetian
950:
unopposed. Charles, too, died without a son, but also left his wife pregnant. It was another succession crisis, the same as that in 1316; it was necessary both to prepare for a possible regency (and choose a regent) and prepare for a possible succession to the throne. At this point, it had been
838:
From the Middle Ages, another system of succession, known as cognatic male primogeniture, actually fulfills apparent stipulations of the original Salic law; succession is allowed also through female lines, but excludes the females themselves in favour of their sons. For example, a grandfather,
834:
version of succession order stipulates that firstly all-male descendance is applied, including all collateral male lines, but if all such lines are extinct, then the closest female agnate (such as a daughter) of the last male holder of the property inherits, and after her, her own male heirs
814:
The wording of the law, as well as common usage in those days and centuries afterwards, seems to support an interpretation that inheritance is divided between brothers, and if it is intended to govern succession, it can be interpreted to mandate agnatic seniority, not direct primogeniture.
879:
in 1316, the eldest living son of the King of France succeeded to the throne upon his demise. No prior occasion existed to demonstrate whether or not females were excluded from the succession to the crown. Louis X died without a son, but left his wife pregnant. The king's brother,
1415:
The Latin of the text may be said to stand almost midway between Latin properly so called and the French of the 9th century, some characteristics of which are distinctly foreshadowed in the language of the Lex.", and regarding certain features "This semi-Latin", "of semi-French
1022:
This law was by no means intended to cover all matters of inheritance – for example, not the inheritance of movables — only to lands considered "Salic" – and debate remains as to the legal definition of this word, although it is generally accepted to refer to lands in the royal
1019:. In this they were supported by the King of England, while their rivals who claimed the traditional female succession in Brittany were supported by the King of France. The Montforts eventually won the duchy by warfare, but had to recognize the suzerainty of the King of France.
1308:", implying that the law is German, not French. The archbishop's justification for Henry's claim, which Shakespeare intentionally renders obtuse and verbose (for comedic, as well as politically expedient reasons) is also erroneous, as the Salian Franks settled along the lower
867:, which is a feudal territory under the suzerainty of the king. Feudal law allowed the transmission of fiefs to daughters in default of sons, which was also the case for the early appanages. Whether feudal law also applied to the French throne, no one knew, until 1316.
806:
sometime around the year 570, the law was actually amended to permit inheritance of land by a daughter if a man had no surviving sons (This amendment, depending on how it is applied and interpreted, offers the basis for either Semi-Salic succession or male-preferred
1620:, edited by Karl Hauck with assistance by Hans Belting, Hugo Borger, Dietrich Hofmann, Karl Josef Narr, Friedrich Ohly, Karl Schmid, Ruth Schmidt-Wiegand, Rudolf Schützeichel and Joachim Wollasch, Walter de Gruyter: Berlin & New York, 1979, p. 56ff., here p. 77
892:. If the unborn child were male, he would succeed to the French throne as king; if female, Philip would maintain the regency until the daughters of Louis X reached their majority. The opportunity remained for either daughter to succeed to the French throne.
1337:, on his marriage, is presented with the royal consort's portion of the crown jewels, and "The Duchess did rather better"; the character, feeling hard done-by, thinks, "It struck me then, and it strikes me now, that the Salic law was a damned sound idea".
429:, "of", "concerning". Different sections of titles acquired individual names, which revealed something about their provenances. Some of these dozens of names have been adopted for specific reference, often given the same designation as the overall work,
539:, then subject to the Franks. Under the Franks, they were governed by Frankish law, not their own. The inclusion of some of their law as part of the Salic law must have served as a palliative. Charlemagne goes back even earlier to the
475:
attempts to make the language more concise". A statement gives the provenance: "in the 13th year of the reign of our most glorious king of the Franks, Pipin". Some of the internal documents were composed after the reign of
1353:
The hostess, a civil, quiet, laborious drudge, came to take his orders for dinner, but declined to make answer on the subject of the horse and guide; for the
Salique Law, it seems, extended to the stables of the Golden
109:
294:. The best-known tenet of the old law is the principle of exclusion of women from inheritance of thrones, fiefs, and other property. The Salic laws were arbitrated by a committee appointed and empowered by the
1082:
with the
English, and it had produced their kings for more than two centuries. The eventual recognition of Henry of Navarre as King Henry IV of France following his conversion to Catholicism, the first of the
425:
own. Each of the several dozen surviving manuscripts features a unique set of errors, corrections, content, and organization. The laws are called "titles", as each one has its own name, generally preceded by
899:, to the relief of the kingdom, but the infant lived for only a few days. Philip saw his chance and broke the agreement with the Duke of Burgundy by having himself anointed at Reims in January 1317 as
717:
These laws and their interpretations give an insight into
Frankish society. The criminal laws established damages to be paid and fines levied in recompense for injuries to persons and damage to goods,
768:. The latter, which has been the most usual, means succession going to the eldest son of the monarch; if the monarch had no sons, the throne would pass to the nearest male relative in the male line.
466:, "language of the court". Kern's Family II, represented by two manuscripts, is the same as Family I, except that it contains "interpolations or numerous additions, which point to a later period".
756:
for agnatic succession, but the importance of Salic law extends beyond the rules of inheritance, as it is a direct ancestor of the systems of law in use in many parts of continental Europe today.
982:. The French rejected the claim, noting that "Women cannot transmit a right which they do not possess", a corollary to the succession principle in 1316. The regent, Philip of Valois, became
859:
preference for the eldest line in the transmission of inheritance, eventually emerged in France, under the
Capetian kings. The early Capetians had only one heir, the eldest son, whom they
1784:. Schriftenreihe des Mittelterlichen Kriminalmuseums Rothenburg ob der Tauber, v. 4. Translated by John Fosberry. Rothenburg ob der Tauber (Germany): Mittelalterliches Kriminalmuseum.
911:, mother of the Duke of Burgundy, and maternal grandmother of the Princess Joan, considered it a usurpation and demanded an assembly of the peers, which Philip V accepted.
585:
in the proper sense), several deformed Old Frankish, or for some Dutch scholars Old Dutch, words and what is likely the earliest surviving full sentence in the language:
1266:, but that house also faced extinction in the male line less than two decades later. With no other male-line agnates in the remaining branches of the House of Nassau,
65:
1919:
1197:
853:
1031:
kings of France and their English contemporaries who held lands in France, did Salic law become a rationale for enforcing or debating succession.
1428:
1939:
1672:
1632:
Elmar Seebold, edited by Elmar Seebold with assistance by Brigitte Bulitta, Elke Krotz, Judith Stieglbauer-Schwarz and Christiane Wanzeck,
1267:
904:
370:
1634:
Chronologisches Wörterbuch des deutschen Wortschatzes: Der Wortschatz des 8. Jahrhunderts (und früherer Quellen) (Titelabkürzung: ChWdW8)
1924:
1047:
786:
But of Salic land no portion of the inheritance shall come to a woman: but the whole inheritance of the land shall come to the male sex.
794:
oncerning terra Salica, no portion or inheritance is for a woman, but all the land belongs to members of the male sex who are brothers.
1802:
Debating the Hundred Years War. "Pour ce que plusieurs" (La Loy Salique) and "A declaration of the trew and dewe title of Henrie VIII"
1224:
1134:
1809:
1770:
1477:
298:. Dozens of manuscripts dating from the sixth to eighth centuries and three emendations as late as the ninth century have survived.
87:
798:
The law merely prohibited women from inheriting ancestral "Salic land"; this prohibition did not apply to other property (such as
1213:
1205:
860:
732:. The rights of family members were defined; for example, the equal division of land among all living male heirs, in contrast to
666:, a half-free farmer, connected to the lord's land, but not owned by that lord. In contrast, a slave was fully owned by the lord.
350:
1929:
1163:
923:
1647:
Die Personennamen auf den merowingischen Monetarmünzen als Spiegel der romanisch-germanischen Sprachsynthese im Frankenreich
1954:
1904:
1243:
1944:
48:
1934:
1350:
quotes "Salique Law" when discussing the protagonist's prior requests for a horse and guide to take him to Edinburgh.
1220:
1154:
Several military conflicts in European history have stemmed from the application of, or disregard for, Salic law. The
313:. Although it was originally intended as the law of the Franks, it has had a formative influence on the tradition of
58:
52:
44:
1618:
Frühmittelalterliche Studien: Jahrbuch des Instituts für Frühmittelalterforschung der Universität Münster. 13. Band
1235:
1167:
1006:
In its origin, therefore, the agnatic principle was limited to the succession to the crown of France. Prior to the
446:
958:
The daughters of Louis X, Philip V and Charles IV, including the possible unborn daughter of the pregnant Queen
69:
1949:
1293:
1263:
1179:
1003:
to the French crown, an argument that would later be echoed by other jurists in defence of the Valois dynasty.
915:
885:
643:* Old Dutch and Early Modern and earlier versions of English used the second-person singular pronouns, such as
267:
157:
728:
The civil law establishes that an individual person is legally unprotected if he or she does not belong to a
1330:
1054:
1178:
over his nieces as a result of Salic law, attempted to ensure the inheritance directly to his own daughter
1909:
1840:
Taylor, Craig (2006). "The Salic Law, French Queenship and the Defence of Women in the Late Middle Ages".
1259:
1062:
1208:
and of Hanover in 1837 because Hanover practiced quasi-Salic law, unlike Britain. King William's niece,
1171:
1106:
1000:
979:
824:
765:
287:
1079:
959:
951:
accepted that women could not claim the crown of France (without any written rule stipulating it yet).
1432:
1382:
1175:
1098:
1035:
1012:
968:
947:
938:
between the Duke of Burgundy and Philip V, wherein Joan renounced her right to the throne of France.
863:. Instead of an equal portion of the inheritance, the younger sons of the Capetian kings received an
455:
914:
An assembly of prelates, lords, the bourgeois of Paris, and doctors of the university, known as the
1279:
1223:
and played a day-to-day role in the inheritance and marriage decisions of common princedoms of the
1118:
1094:
1066:
1043:
983:
875:
For a remarkably long period, from the inception of the Capetian dynasty in 987 until the death of
721:, and unprovoked insults. One-third of the fine paid court costs. Judicial interpretation was by a
405:
346:
1296:
being asked if the claim might be upheld despite the Salic law. The archbishop replies, "That the
1914:
1377:
1201:
1110:
1102:
1074:
1058:
1039:
975:
964:
931:
908:
900:
889:
881:
582:
459:
362:
295:
1162:
over the question of whether the heir to the throne should be a female or a male relative. The
1129:
1805:
1766:
1668:
1473:
1258:
is always formally known as "King", though her title may be "Queen". Luxembourg passed to the
1016:
876:
820:
799:
761:
556:
507:
366:
1849:
1828:
1347:
1342:
1186:
1084:
1042:'s claim to the French throne on the basis of Salic law's inheritance rules, leading to the
927:
896:
526:
222:
193:
174:
1372:
1143:
1007:
531:
476:
358:
354:
326:
301:
Salic law provided written codification of both civil law, such as the statutes governing
1790:
1408:
986:
in 1328. Philip became king without serious opposition, until his attempt to confiscate
1413:. London: John Murray, Albemarle-Street / Trübner & Co., Ludgate Hill. column 438.
1334:
1317:
1284:
1270:
adopted a quasi-Salic law of succession to allow him to be succeeded by his daughters.
1209:
1190:
1147:
1028:
745:
417:
The original edition of the code was commissioned by the first king of all the Franks,
338:
330:
318:
249:
115:
1891:, A database on Carolingian secular law texts (Karl Ubl, Cologne University, Germany).
1898:
1819:
Taylor, Craig (2001). "The Salic Law and the Valois succession to the French crown".
1782:
Criminal justice through the ages: from divine judgement to modern German legislation
1247:
808:
733:
722:
663:
334:
271:
1876:
1653:, edited by Wolfgang Haubrichs, Christa Jochum-Godglück, 2019, p. 78ff., here p. 80
1614:
Die volkssprachigen Wörter der Leges barbaorumals Ausdruck sprachlicher Interferenz
1212:, ascended to the British throne, but the Hanover throne went to William's brother
1155:
1090:
Although no reference was made to the Salic law, the imperial constitutions of the
777:
517:
396:
306:
1288:, saying it was upheld by the French to bar Henry V's claiming the French throne.
450:
copies of originals published in the sixth century. In addition, they feature the
1719:
1467:
1509:. Oxford textbooks in linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 141.
1325:
1255:
1228:
1139:
1101:
continued to exclude women from the succession to the throne. In the lands that
1091:
803:
488:
479:, but it is considered to be an emendation initiated by Pepin, so is termed the
462:
stating the native court word for some Latin words. These are named from native
314:
302:
291:
1853:
1239:
1046:. In fact, the conflict between Salic and English law was a justification for
279:
178:
1689:
Die Malbergischen Glossen, eine frühe Überlieferung germanischer Rechtsspache
954:
Under the application of the agnatic principle, the following were excluded:
1070:
922:
Philip won over the Duke of Burgundy by giving him his daughter, also named
560:
442:
410:
401:
283:
1832:
1250:
of the Netherlands. As a remnant of Salic law, the office of the reigning
946:
Philip, too, died without a son, and his brother Charles succeeded him as
17:
864:
536:
418:
385:
275:
139:
1313:
1251:
987:
934:
as her eventual inheritance. On March 27, 1317, a treaty was signed at
753:
659:
515:. These integrated sections borrowed from other Germanic codes are the
342:
322:
381:
1114:
729:
310:
264:
1601:
Hafliði Másson und die Einflüsse des römischen Rechts in der Grágás
748:, explicitly excluding females from the inheritance of a throne or
1309:
1301:
1159:
1128:
718:
544:
395:
380:
1721:
Chronique de Richard Lescot, religieux de Saint-Denis (1328-1344)
503:, and is clearly the result of a law code reform by Charlemagne.
1410:
Lex Salica: The Ten Texts with the Glosses, and the Lex Emendata
1305:
1050:
between the French and English monarchs over the French throne.
1024:
935:
888:, maternal uncle of Louis X's daughter and prospective heiress,
749:
1792:
Lex Salica: the Ten Texts with the Glosses and the Lex Emendata
404:, where they had recently settled or been settled in 358, when
990:
in 1337 made Edward III press his claim to the French throne.
29:
1804:. Camden 5th series. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
967:, sister of Louis X, Philip V, and Charles IV, wife of King
884:, became regent. Philip prepared for the contingencies with
1182:, which was an example of an operation of quasi-Salic law.
1087:
kings, further solidified the agnatic principle in France.
231:
237:
208:
202:
978:, sister of Charles IV, claimed the throne for her son,
1651:
Kulturelle Integration und Personennamen im Mittelalter
1636:, Walter de Gruyter: Berlin & New York, 2001, p. 64
1193:, succession to the throne was regulated by Salic law.
286:. It remained the basis of Frankish law throughout the
752:. Indeed, "Salic law" has often been used simply as a
1061:
attempted to claim the French crown for his daughter
365:
governed the succession of kings in kingdoms such as
282:
and contains some of the earliest known instances of
240:
228:
211:
199:
1763:
The laws of the Salian Franks (Pactus legis Salicae)
1695:, ed. by Heinrich Beck, 1989, p. 157ff., here p. 158
782:
Concerning the inheritance of land, Salic law said:
234:
205:
843:
Applications of the succession and inheritance laws
511:same law code, which retained the overall title of
225:
196:
163:
153:
145:
134:
123:
102:
1765:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
974:The widow of Charles IV gave birth to a daughter.
1724:(in French). Librairie Renouard. pp. vj–xv.
1105:conquered, Salic law was adopted, including the
529:, who, before Clovis, had been independent. The
57:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
1708:, Biblo and Tannen, New York (1965) p. 336
1351:
1242:were separated in 1890, with the succession of
792:
784:
1863:A History of the German Language Through Texts
1027:. Only several hundred years later, under the
670:This sentence is also given as the following:
1885:Bibliotheca legum regni Francorum manuscripta
1407:Hessels, Jan Hendrik; Kern, H., eds. (1880).
1219:Salic law was also an important issue in the
8:
1861:Young, Christopher; Gloning, Thomas (2004).
1555:
576:
570:
1883:
1754:A Source Book for Medieval Economic History
1706:A Source Book for Medieval Economic History
1580:
1578:
1576:
1789:Kern, Hendrik (1880). Hessels, J.H (ed.).
1628:
1626:
1492:
1316:, which today is for the most part in the
1204:thrones separated after the death of King
999:Lescot invoked it to dispute the claim of
854:Fundamental laws of the Kingdom of France
88:Learn how and when to remove this message
819:and full applications of the Salic Law:
672:
587:
1667:. Oxford University Press. p. 41.
1595:
1593:
1399:
1282:uses the Salic law as a plot device in
1920:Earliest known manuscripts by language
1429:"Lees: Hoe het Nederlands is ontstaan"
1053:More than a century later, during the
99:
1693:Germanische Rest- und Trümmersprachen
1507:History of languages: an introduction
1300:is in Germany, between the floods of
1234:In a similar way, the thrones of the
321:in much of Europe, especially in the
7:
1881:and its manuscript tradition on the
1752:Cave, Roy; Coulson, Herbert (1965).
1584:
1567:
1543:
1531:
1519:
1453:
926:, in marriage, with the counties of
895:The unborn child proved to be male,
270:compiled around AD 500 by the first
1431:. 17 September 2019. Archived from
1469:The Merovingian Kingdoms 450 - 751
1262:'s distantly related agnates, the
1135:Portrait of the Duke of Cumberland
1113:, and under Napoleonic influence,
392:surrounded by his military chiefs.
25:
1865:. London and New York: Routledge.
1738:, p. 172, Grafton paperback.
1603:, Walter de Gruyter, 2012, p. 193
1015:, claimed male succession in the
1761:Drew, Katherine Fischer (1991).
1704:Cave, Roy and Coulson, Herbert.
1206:William IV of the United Kingdom
1174:, who himself had inherited the
581:; despite the name, they aren't
565:The Salic law code contains the
491:. This edition calls itself the
221:
192:
169:
118:, who reigned from 694 to 711 AD
108:
34:
1780:Hinckeldey, Christoph (1993) .
1665:Dutch: Biography of a Language
1164:War of the Austrian Succession
861:crowned during their lifetimes
744:One tenet of the civil law is
1:
1756:. New York: Biblo and Tannen.
309:, such as the punishment for
127:
1940:6th-century Frankish writers
1746:General and cited references
1142:. In 1837 Cumberland became
506:By that time, Charlemagne's
1800:Taylor, Craig, ed. (2006).
1221:Schleswig-Holstein Question
1125:Other European applications
1971:
1925:6th-century books in Latin
1663:Willemyns, Roland (2013).
1472:. Routledge. p. 114.
1236:Kingdom of the Netherlands
1214:Ernest, Duke of Cumberland
1168:Pragmatic Sanction of 1713
1065:, born of his third wife,
994:Emergence of the Salic law
851:
775:
554:
543:, the ancient code of the
487:798, late in the reign of
1854:10.1215/00161071-2006-012
1842:French Historical Studies
1240:Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
882:Philip, Count of Poitiers
702:
632:
278:. The written text is in
168:
114:Record of a judgement by
107:
1556:Young & Gloning 2004
1466:Wood, Ian (2014-06-23).
1294:Archbishop of Canterbury
1264:House of Nassau-Weilburg
1180:Maria Theresa of Austria
1069:in order to prevent the
886:Odo IV, Duke of Burgundy
790:or, another transcript:
547:preceding the Alemanni.
525:, laws adopted from the
290:, and influenced future
43:This article includes a
1331:George MacDonald Fraser
1055:French wars of religion
1048:many overlapping claims
400:Frankish settlement in
72:more precise citations.
27:Frankish civil law code
1930:6th century in Francia
1884:
1795:. London: John Murray.
1718:Lemoine, Jean (1896).
1687:Ruth Schmidt-Wiegand,
1612:Ruth Schmidt-Wiegand,
1362:
1260:House of Orange-Nassau
1151:
1063:Isabella Clara Eugenia
1034:Shakespeare says that
942:The succession in 1328
871:The succession in 1316
796:
788:
713:Some tenets of the law
633:I am setting you free,
577:
571:
414:
393:
292:European legal systems
253:
1505:Janson, Tore (2011).
1268:Grand Duke William IV
1172:Charles VI of Austria
1166:was triggered by the
1132:
1107:Kingdom of Westphalia
1078:had upheld it in the
1001:Charles II of Navarre
980:Edward III of England
852:Further information:
825:agnatic primogeniture
766:agnatic primogeniture
700:I declare judicially:
399:
384:
288:early Medieval period
1955:Germanic legal codes
1905:Prose texts in Latin
1734:G. M. Fraser (2006)
1383:Paris, BN, lat. 4404
1099:Second French Empire
1013:Montfort of Brittany
969:Edward II of England
706:half-free (farmer)!
578:malbergische Glossen
572:Malbergische Glossen
135:Commissioned by
1945:6th-century jurists
1877:Information on the
1833:10.1093/fh/15.4.358
1599:Hans Henning Hoff,
1274:Literary references
1244:Princess Wilhelmina
1146:ahead of his niece
1119:House of Bernadotte
1095:First French Empire
1067:Elisabeth of Valois
1044:Battle of Agincourt
984:Philip VI of France
535:took laws from the
493:Lex Salica Emendata
406:Julian the Apostate
347:Southeastern Europe
256:), also called the
1935:6th century in law
1378:Early Germanic law
1176:Austrian patrimony
1152:
1111:Kingdom of Holland
1103:Napoleon Bonaparte
1080:Hundred Years' War
1059:Philip II of Spain
976:Isabella of France
965:Isabella of France
901:Philip V of France
772:Female inheritance
746:agnatic succession
740:Agnatic succession
415:
394:
377:History of the law
363:agnatic succession
296:King of the Franks
45:list of references
1674:978-0-19-932366-1
1017:Duchy of Brittany
821:agnatic seniority
800:personal property
762:agnatic seniority
710:
709:
640:
639:
557:Frankish language
508:Holy Roman Empire
470:Carolingian phase
452:Malbergse Glossen
437:Merovingian phase
317:that extended to
184:
183:
98:
97:
90:
16:(Redirected from
1962:
1887:
1866:
1857:
1836:
1815:
1796:
1785:
1776:
1757:
1739:
1732:
1726:
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1696:
1685:
1679:
1678:
1660:
1654:
1643:
1637:
1630:
1621:
1610:
1604:
1597:
1588:
1582:
1571:
1565:
1559:
1553:
1547:
1541:
1535:
1529:
1523:
1517:
1511:
1510:
1502:
1496:
1490:
1484:
1483:
1463:
1457:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1425:
1419:
1418:
1404:
1360:
1348:Sir Walter Scott
1292:begins with the
1187:Kingdom of Italy
1075:Henry of Navarre
760:Chief forms are
673:
588:
580:
574:
527:Ripuarian Franks
263:was the ancient
262:
247:
246:
243:
242:
239:
236:
233:
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68:this article by
59:inline citations
38:
37:
30:
21:
1970:
1969:
1965:
1964:
1963:
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1950:Succession acts
1895:
1894:
1873:
1860:
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1607:
1598:
1591:
1587:, p. xvii.
1583:
1574:
1566:
1562:
1554:
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1538:
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1493:Hinckeldey 1993
1491:
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1464:
1460:
1452:
1448:
1438:
1436:
1435:on 24 July 2011
1427:
1426:
1422:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1373:Agnatic descent
1369:
1361:
1358:
1276:
1144:King of Hanover
1127:
1029:direct Capetian
996:
960:Jeanne d'Évreux
944:
916:Estates-General
905:Agnes of France
873:
856:
850:
845:
780:
774:
742:
715:
703:I let you free,
610:(Modern) Dutch
567:Malberg glosses
563:
553:
551:Malberg glosses
532:Lex Alamannorum
518:Lex Ribuariorum
481:Pipina Recensio
477:Pepin the Short
472:
456:Malberg Glosses
439:
379:
359:Southern Europe
349:, and parts of
327:Austria-Hungary
257:
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119:
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83:
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63:
49:related reading
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35:
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1872:
1871:External links
1869:
1868:
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1848:(4): 543–564.
1837:
1827:(4): 358–377.
1821:French History
1816:
1810:
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1655:
1645:Rembert Eufe,
1638:
1622:
1605:
1589:
1572:
1560:
1548:
1546:, p. xiv.
1536:
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1363:
1356:
1338:
1335:Harry Flashman
1321:
1318:Flemish Region
1275:
1272:
1191:House of Savoy
1185:In the modern
1148:Queen Victoria
1126:
1123:
995:
992:
972:
971:
962:
943:
940:
907:, daughter of
872:
869:
849:
846:
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841:
830:The so-called
773:
770:
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714:
711:
708:
707:
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698:
692:
691:
688:
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339:Western Europe
331:Central Europe
319:modern history
268:civil law code
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158:Civil law code
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116:Childebert III
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53:external links
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1570:, p. xv.
1569:
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1558:, p. 56.
1557:
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1522:, p. 20.
1521:
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1479:9781317871156
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1471:
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1459:
1456:, p. 53.
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1349:
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1340:In his novel
1339:
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1328:
1327:
1323:In the novel
1322:
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1303:
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1265:
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1257:
1253:
1249:
1248:Queen regnant
1246:as the first
1245:
1241:
1237:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1225:German states
1222:
1217:
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1211:
1207:
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1014:
1011:lineage, the
1009:
1004:
1002:
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961:
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949:
941:
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933:
929:
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920:
917:
912:
910:
906:
902:
898:
893:
891:
887:
883:
878:
870:
868:
866:
862:
855:
847:
842:
840:
836:
833:
828:
826:
822:
816:
812:
810:
809:primogeniture
805:
802:); and under
801:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
771:
769:
767:
763:
757:
755:
751:
747:
739:
737:
735:
734:primogeniture
731:
726:
724:
723:jury of peers
720:
712:
705:
699:
697:
694:
693:
689:
686:
683:
680:
678:
677:Malberg gloss
675:
674:
671:
665:
664:feudal system
661:
657:
653:
650:
646:
642:
641:
635:
629:
626:
625:
621:
618:
615:
612:
609:
608:
604:
601:
598:
595:
593:
592:Malberg gloss
590:
589:
586:
584:
579:
573:
568:
562:
558:
550:
548:
546:
542:
538:
534:
533:
528:
524:
520:
519:
514:
509:
504:
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498:
497:Lex Reformata
494:
490:
484:
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478:
469:
467:
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461:
457:
453:
448:
444:
436:
434:
432:
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420:
413:
412:
407:
403:
398:
391:
388:dictates the
387:
383:
376:
374:
372:
368:
364:
361:. Its use of
360:
356:
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335:Low Countries
332:
328:
324:
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308:
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299:
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293:
289:
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281:
277:
273:
272:Frankish King
269:
266:
260:
255:
251:
245:
216:
189:
180:
176:
175:The Salic Law
167:
162:
159:
156:
152:
148:
144:
141:
137:
133:
126:
122:
117:
111:
106:
101:
92:
89:
81:
71:
67:
61:
60:
54:
50:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
1882:
1878:
1862:
1845:
1841:
1824:
1820:
1801:
1791:
1781:
1762:
1753:
1735:
1730:
1720:
1713:
1705:
1700:
1692:
1688:
1683:
1664:
1658:
1650:
1646:
1641:
1633:
1617:
1613:
1608:
1600:
1563:
1551:
1539:
1527:
1515:
1506:
1500:
1495:, p. 7.
1488:
1468:
1461:
1449:
1437:. Retrieved
1433:the original
1423:
1414:
1409:
1402:
1359:Chapter XX1X
1354:Candlestick.
1352:
1341:
1333:, the hero,
1324:
1298:land Salique
1297:
1289:
1283:
1233:
1218:
1195:
1189:, under the
1184:
1158:occurred in
1156:Carlist Wars
1153:
1133:
1089:
1052:
1033:
1021:
1005:
997:
973:
953:
945:
921:
913:
894:
874:
857:
837:
831:
829:
817:
813:
811:, or both).
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
778:Terra Salica
758:
743:
727:
716:
695:
676:
669:
655:
648:
644:
591:
566:
564:
541:Lex Suauorum
540:
530:
523:Lex Ribuaria
522:
516:
512:
505:
501:Lex Emendata
500:
496:
492:
485:
480:
473:
463:
458:", marginal
451:
447:Hendrik Kern
440:
430:
426:
423:
416:
409:
389:
345:kingdoms in
307:criminal law
300:
258:
187:
185:
149:Law, justice
84:
75:
64:Please help
56:
1736:Royal Flash
1534:, Prologue.
1326:Royal Flash
1280:Shakespeare
1256:Netherlands
1229:Saxe-Weimar
1170:, in which
1140:George Dawe
1092:Bonapartist
804:Chilperic I
696:translation
630:I tell you:
619:bevrijd ik,
489:Charlemagne
386:King Clovis
325:states and
315:statute law
303:inheritance
70:introducing
1899:Categories
1389:References
1227:, such as
1202:Hanoverian
1117:under the
1073:candidate
1036:Charles VI
948:Charles IV
832:Semi-Salic
776:See also:
555:See also:
513:Lex Salica
408:made them
390:Lex Salica
280:Late Latin
259:Salian law
254:Lex salica
179:Wikisource
78:April 2022
18:Lex salica
1915:Old Dutch
1879:Salic law
1585:Kern 1880
1568:Kern 1880
1544:Kern 1880
1532:Kern 1880
1520:Drew 1991
1454:Drew 1991
1394:Citations
1038:rejected
848:In France
561:Old Dutch
499:, or the
495:, or the
443:recension
411:dediticii
402:Toxandria
284:Old Dutch
188:Salic law
164:Full text
103:Salic law
1367:See also
1357:—
1343:Waverley
1238:and the
1210:Victoria
1200:and the
1071:Huguenot
932:Burgundy
909:Louis IX
865:appanage
627:English
613:ik meld,
569:(German
537:Alamanni
521:, later
464:malbergo
419:Clovis I
265:Frankish
1889:website
1314:Scheldt
1304:and of
1290:Henry V
1285:Henry V
1254:of the
1252:monarch
1198:British
1085:Bourbon
1040:Henry V
988:Gascony
877:Louis X
754:synonym
681:maltho:
662:in the
605:lito**
583:glosses
460:glosses
154:Purpose
146:Subject
124:Created
66:improve
1808:
1769:
1691:, in:
1671:
1649:, in:
1616:, in:
1476:
1439:25 May
1115:Sweden
1109:, the
1008:Valois
928:Artois
897:John I
730:family
690:letu!
687:afrio,
636:serve
596:maltho
367:France
343:Balkan
333:, the
323:German
311:murder
305:, and
276:Clovis
140:Clovis
130:500 AD
1416:Latin
1329:, by
1310:Rhine
1160:Spain
719:theft
654:** A
622:laat
602:afrio
545:Suebi
371:Italy
355:Spain
351:Italy
250:Latin
138:King
51:, or
1806:ISBN
1775:. /.
1767:ISBN
1669:ISBN
1474:ISBN
1441:2016
1312:and
1306:Elbe
1302:Sala
1196:The
1097:and
1025:fisc
936:Laon
930:and
924:Joan
890:Joan
823:and
764:and
750:fief
660:serf
656:lito
649:thee
647:and
645:thou
599:thi*
559:and
441:The
369:and
353:and
337:in
186:The
1850:doi
1829:doi
1138:by
684:thi
616:jou
575:or
454:, "
445:of
431:lex
357:in
329:in
219:or
177:at
1901::
1846:29
1844:.
1825:15
1823:.
1625:^
1592:^
1575:^
1346:,
1216:.
1121:.
1057:,
903:.
827:.
736:.
725:.
483:.
433:.
427:de
373:.
341:,
274:,
252::
248:;
232:eɪ
128:c.
55:,
47:,
1856:.
1852::
1835:.
1831::
1814:.
1677:.
1482:.
1443:.
1320:.
1150:.
651:.
261:,
244:/
241:k
238:ɪ
235:l
229:s
226:ˈ
223:/
215:/
212:k
209:ɪ
206:l
203:æ
200:s
197:ˈ
194:/
190:(
91:)
85:(
80:)
76:(
62:.
20:)
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