Librarian - Knowledge (XXG)

1585: 784: 45: 1341: 1683: 541: 977: 646: 1576:(AALL). These activist organizations are viewed as controversial by some librarians, while others view them as a natural extension and outgrowth of their own deeply held library ethics. Librarians in the United States who as political actors in our times provide examples of a commitment to equality, the right to know or social justice include Peter Chase, George Christian, Janet Nocek, and Barbara Bailey. In the Doe v. Gonzales case, these librarians challenged the constitutionality of the nondisclosure provisions of the National Security Letters issued by the government under the USA Patriot Act in terrorist or other investigations. The four received the Roger Baldwin Medal of Liberty from the American Civil Liberties Union in June 2007. 1145: 729: 1833:, the only Deaf liberal arts university in the United States, was founded in 1876. The library's collection has grown from a small number of reference books to the world's largest collection of deaf-related materials with over 234,000 books and thousands of other materials in different formats. The collection is so large that the library had to create a hybrid classification system based on the Dewey Decimal Classification System in order to make cataloging and location within the library much easier for both library staff and users. The library also houses the university's archives, which holds some of the oldest deaf-related books and documents in the world. 1377: 1024: 1076: 220: 1813: 1713:(Old Number 53.12), "The American Library Association supports the inclusion in library collections of materials that reflect the diversity of our society, including those related to sex, sexual orientation, and gender identity or expression. ALA encourages all American Library Association chapters to take active stands against all legislative or other government attempts to proscribe materials related to sex, sexual orientation, and gender identity or expression; and encourages all libraries to acquire and make available materials representative of all the people in our society. Adopted 2005, Amended 2009, 2010." 1782: 1740: 1774:. When disabled communities began demanding equality in the 1970s, Hagemeyer decided to go back to school for her master's degree in library science. While she was studying there, she realized that there was not very much information about the Deaf community at her library or at the libraries of any of her classmates. She soon became an activist for Deaf awareness at her library, and she became the first “Librarian for the Deaf Community” from any public library in the nation. Hagemeyer also constructed a manual of resources for Deaf people and those associated with them called 1135: 1268: 1462: 907: 565: 1706:"The American Library Association stringently and unequivocally maintains that libraries and librarians have an obligation to resist efforts that systematically exclude materials dealing with any subject matter, including sex, gender identity or expression, or sexual orientation. The Association also encourages librarians to proactively support the First Amendment rights of all library users, regardless of sex, sexual orientation, or gender identity or expression. Adopted 1993, amended 2000, 2004, 2008, 2010." 1648: 717: 940:

experience harassment or emotionally challenging situations in their daily work. The public library in particular can often be described as having an emotionally charged atmosphere. There is evidence to suggest that specialized librarians might experience similar conditions. For example, health science librarians report experiencing a mild to moderate amount of secondary traumatic stress that develops from working closely with patients who are experiencing trauma.

1809:

people in their community. The QBPL hired a deaf librarian, Lori Stambler-Dunsmore, to train the library staff about Deaf culture, to teach sign language classes for family members and people who are involved with deaf people, and to teach literacy classes for Deaf patrons. In working with the library, Stambler-Dunsmore was able to help the community reach out to its deaf neighbors, and helped other deaf people become more active in their outside community.

815:

institutions; one might be a school library/media teacher, a member of a public library team, or a librarian in a penal institution. Licensing for library/media teacher includes a Bachelor or Master of Arts in Teaching and additional higher-level course work in library science. YA librarians who work in public libraries are expected to have a master's degree in Library and Information Science (MLIS), relevant work experience, or a related credential.

556:

accounting for the transition included the demographic losses of the First World War, the provisions of the Public Libraries Act of 1919, the library-building activity of the Carnegie United Kingdom Trust, and the library employment advocacy of the Central Bureau for the Employment of Women. In the United Kingdom, evidence suggests that the Conservative government began replacing professional librarians with unpaid volunteers in 2015–2016.

1449:. This robot is able to navigate the library, look for the specified book, and upon its discovery, carefully take it from the shelf and deliver it to the user. Because of the robot's extremely limited function, its introduction into libraries poses little risk of the employment of librarians, whose duties are not defined by menial tasks such as the retrieval of books. Recently over 100 libraries in the United States have begun adding 802:. The help may take the form of research on a specific question, providing direction on the use of databases and other electronic information resources; obtaining specialized materials from other sources; or providing access to and care of delicate or expensive materials. These services are sometimes provided by other library staff that have been given a certain amount of special training; some have criticized this trend. 330: 6269: 6259: 590:, and the CDC had earlier named librarians as key public health staff to support COVID-19 case investigation and contact tracing, so many librarians and library staff volunteered to help with contact tracing. Librarians also supported their community in other ways, such as staffing non-emergency hotlines and manning shelters for the homeless, for which they were able to retain their income, while others were 1805:

provide services for the Deaf community, availability of text telephones or TTYs not only to assist patrons with reference questions but also for making outside calls, using the most recent technology in order to communicate more effectively with Deaf patrons, including closed captioning services for any television services, and developing a collection that would interest the members of the Deaf community.

6299: 6289: 424: 1672:

the collection, analysis, dissemination, and coordination of information on the status of women in librarianship. The bibliographic history of women in U.S. librarianship and women librarians developing services for women has been well-documented in the series of publications initially issued by the Social Responsibilities Round Table Task Force on Women and later continued by COSWL.

824: 6309: 6279: 480:, Naudé advocated collecting all kinds of books, old and new, of famous, more obscure, and heretical authors. He also contributed to the idea of organization and administration of libraries which led to the development of library collections. It was also in part thanks to Naudé that some libraries began to lend books outside of the precincts of the library. 811:

children's section of a library may act as its own separate library within the same building. Children's librarians must be knowledgeable of popular books for school-aged children and other library items, such as e-books and audiobooks. They are charged with the task of creating a safe and fun learning environment outside of school and the home.

44: 1098:

and virtual workplace, many special librarians may not even work in a library at all but instead manage and facilitate the use of electronic collections. Funding for special libraries varies widely. Librarians in some types of special libraries may be required to have additional training, such as a law degree for a librarian in an academic

1644:

and journal publications have aimed to develop the scholarship around women in librarianship by shedding light on important female librarians of history, acknowledging and analyzing the viewpoints of specific groups of female and minority librarians, and bringing the pay gaps of the library profession into discussion.

372:. During this period, the lectern system, in which books were chained to desks for security, was also introduced. Classification and organization of books during this period was generally done by subject and alphabetically, with materials inventoried using basic check lists. Later in the period, individuals known as 532:. During the French Revolution, librarians assumed sole responsibility for selecting books for use by all citizen of the nation. Out of this action came the implementation of the concept of modern library service: the democratic extension of library services to the general public, regardless of wealth or education. 1011:

community. Mission statements, service and collection policies are the fundamental administrative features of public libraries. Occasionally, private lending libraries serve the public in the manner of public libraries. In the United States, public librarians and public libraries are represented by the

1766:

The ALA has admitted that disabled people belong to a minority that is often overlooked and under-represented by people in the library, and the Deaf community belongs in this minority group. However, in the last few decades, libraries across the United States have made great strides in the mission of

1041:

is a library that is an integral part of a college, university, or other institution of postsecondary education, administered to meet the information and research needs of its students, faculty, and staff. In the United States, the professional association for academic libraries and librarians is the

775:

of lending libraries. Some specialize in serving adults or children. Children's librarians provide appropriate material for children at all age levels, include pre-readers, conduct specialized programs and work with the children (and often their parents) to help foster interest and competence in the

1757:

Deaf people at the library have the same needs as every other person visiting the library and often have more difficulty accessing materials and services. Australian librarian Karen McQuigg states that “even ten years ago, when I was involved in a project looking at what public libraries could offer

1643:

Owing to the large number of men in greater positions of power within the library field, women have also been largely left out of standard histories of U.S. librarianship, but Suzanne Hildenbrand's scholarly assessment of the work done by women has expanded the historical record. Writers, academics,

1426:

initiatives for works in the public domain, teach information literacy and technology classes to their users, and work on the development of information architectures for improving access and search functionality. These examples illustrate some of the ways in which librarians are using technology to

1359:

There are three ways in which these requirements can be met: the individual must obtain an ALIA-recognized bachelor's degree in library and information studies, complete a first degree in any discipline followed by an ALIA-recognized postgraduate diploma or masters course, or gain an ALIA-recognized

838:

Experienced librarians may take administrative positions such as library or information center director or learning resource officer. Similar to the management of any other organization, they are concerned with the long-term planning of the library, and its relationship with its parent organization

759:

Electronic resources librarians manage the databases that libraries license from third-party vendors. School librarians work in school libraries and perform duties as teachers, information technology specialists, and advocates for literacy. Instruction librarians teach information literacy skills in

1367:

ALIA is responsible for accreditation of library specific qualifications for both librarians and library technicians. Professional Australian teacher-librarians require slightly different qualifications. In addition to having a degree that meets ALIA's accreditation process, teacher librarians must

1067:

exclusively serves the needs of a public or private school. The primary purpose is to support the students, teachers, and curriculum of the school or school district. In addition to library administration, certificated teacher-librarians instruct individual students, groups and classes, and faculty

1836:

In Nashville, Tennessee, Sandy Cohen manages the Library Services for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing (LSDHH). The program was created in 1979 in response to information accessibility issues for the Deaf in the Nashville area. Originally, the only service provided was the news via a teletypewriter or

1671:

The Committee on the Status of Women in Librarianship (COSWL) of the American Library Association, founded in 1976, represents the diversity of women's interest within ALA and ensures that the Association considers the rights of the majority (women) in the library field, and promotes and initiates

1604:

Despite women making up most of the workforce, in 2014, women working as full-time librarians reported a median annual salary of $ 48,589, compared to $ 52,528 for men. In 2019 the wage gap was still 92 percent of the median annual earnings reported by men. African American women earned just 69.9

1097:

are libraries designed to perform some specific function for a particular set of people or an organization, i.e. news, law, medical, theological, prison, corporate, or museum. They can be highly specialized, serving a discrete user group with a restricted collection area. In an increasingly global

939:

As user and community needs change over time, the role of the librarian continues to reflect these changes. Librarians assist and interact with vulnerable or at-risk populations regularly. It is proposed that librarians experience a moderate degree of work-related stress, and is reported that many

767:

Outreach librarians are charged with providing library and information services for underrepresented groups, such as people with disabilities, low-income neighborhoods, home bound adults and seniors, incarcerated and ex-offenders, and homeless and rural communities. In academic libraries, outreach

1608:

Librarianship grew into a female-dominated sphere in the late 19th century due to the lower value of women's wages in comparison to men's. Since women had greater difficulty finding work than men, they were more likely to work for lower wages, thus making them more appealing to employers. Women,

1010:

are created through legislation within the jurisdiction they serve. Accordingly, they are given certain benefits, such as taxpayer funding, but must adhere to service standards and meet a wide group of client needs. They are usually overseen by a board of directors or library commission from the

763:

Media specialists teach students to find and analyze information, purchase books and other resources for the school library, supervise library assistants, and are responsible for all aspects of running the library/media center. Both library media teachers (LMTs) and young adult public librarians

490:

concerning the duties of a professional librarian, which were published in 1650 as "The Reformed Librarie-Keeper". He held that librarians should not only care for the books, but should also be well educated and accomplished to raise the standards of librarianship. Furthermore, he advocated that

410:

to locate manuscripts in deteriorating monastic libraries. As a result, Renaissance libraries were filled with a wealth of texts. While materials in these libraries were mostly restricted, the libraries were open to the public. Librarians were needed to plan and organize libraries to meet public

1808:

Over the years, library services have begun to evolve in order to accommodate the needs and desires of local Deaf communities. At the Queen Borough Public Library (QBPL) in New York, the staff implemented new and innovative ideas in order to involve the community and library staff with the Deaf

1571:

Within the American Library Association (ALA), some also join the Social Responsibilities Round Table (SRRT). SRRT came into being amid the social ferment of the 1960s and is often critical of the American Library Association for not living up to its professed ideals. Another important activist

1054:

or Director of Libraries. Some post-secondary institutions treat librarians as faculty, and they may be called professor or other academic ranks, which may or may not increase their salary and benefits. Some universities make similar demands of academic librarians for research and professional

814:

A young adult or YA librarian specifically serves patrons who are between 12 and 18 years old. Young adults are those patrons that look to library services to give them direction and guidance toward recreation, education, and emancipation. A young adult librarian could work in several different

810:

and physical processing of new materials. A Youth Services librarian, or children's librarian, is in charge of serving young patrons from infancy all the way to young adulthood. Their duties vary, from planning summer reading programs to weekly story hour programs. They are multitaskers, as the

161:

The role of the librarian has changed much over time, with the past century in particular bringing many new media and technologies into play. From the earliest libraries in the ancient world to the modern information hub, there have been keepers and disseminators of the information held in data

1804:

is one such set of guidelines, and it was published to inform libraries of the services that should be provided for Deaf patrons. Most of the guidelines pertain to ensuring that Deaf patrons have equal access to all available library services. Other guidelines include training library staff to

4859:

The death of her husband had forced Theresa Elmendorf to end her unpaid status, and for the next 20 years she held the position of vice-librarian at the Buffalo Public Library. Her new role also meant an increased participation in the American Library Association; in 1911–12 she served as its

555:

In England in the 1870s, a new employment role opened for women in libraries; it was said that the tasks were "Eminently Suited to Girls and Women." By 1920, women and men were equally numerous in the library profession, but women pulled ahead by 1930 and comprised 80% by 1960. The factors

5129:(Chicago: ALA, 1984) Katharine Phenix and Kathleen de la Peña McCook (1982–1986) (Chicago: ALA, 1989); later years by Lori A Goetsch; Sarah Watstein (1987–1992) (Metuchen: Scarecrow Press, 1993) Betsy Kruger; Catherine A Larson; Allison A Cowgill (1993–1997) Metuchen: Scarecrow Press, 2000). 751:

Collection development or acquisitions librarians monitor the selection of books and electronic resources. Large libraries often use approval plans, which involve the librarian for a specific subject creating a profile that allows publishers to send relevant books to the library without any

1390:

The increasing role of technology in libraries has a significant impact on the changing roles of librarians. New technologies are dramatically increasing the accessibility of information, and librarians are adapting to the evolving needs of users that emerge from the adoption of these new

707:

The Internet has had a profound impact on the resources and services that librarians of all kinds provide to their patrons. Electronic information has transformed the roles and responsibilities of librarians, even to the point of revolutionizing library education and service expectations.

1015:. Public library staffing is structured in response to community needs. Libraries bridge traditional divisions between technical and public services positions by adopting new technologies such as mobile library services and reconfigure organizations depending on the local situation. 1196:

in some academic subject, sometimes but not necessarily related to their professional responsibilities; in major research libraries, some of the librarians will hold PhD degrees in subject fields. Other advanced degrees often taken in conjunction with a degree in librarianship are

764:

order books and other materials that will interest their young adult patrons. They also must help YAs find relevant and authoritative Internet resources. Helping this age group to become lifelong learners and readers is a main objective of professionals in this library specialty.

805:

Systems librarians develop, troubleshoot and maintain library systems, including the library catalog and related systems. Technical service librarians work "behind the scenes" ordering library materials and database subscriptions, computers and other equipment, and supervise the

308:

to win favor from citizens. While scholars were employed in librarian roles in the various emperors' libraries, there was no specific office or role that qualified an individual to be a librarian. For example, Pompeius Macer, the first librarian of Augustus' library, was a

1837:

TTY, but today, the program has expanded to serving the entire state of Tennessee by providing all different types of information and material on deafness, Deaf culture, and information for family members of Deaf people, as well as a historical and reference collection.

551:

While there were full-time librarians in the 18th century, the professionalization of the library role was a 19th-century development, as shown by its first training school, its first university school, and its first professional associations and licensing procedures.

1678:

The Library Leadership and Management Association Division of the ALA has a discussion group titled "LLAMA Women Administrators Discussion Group," which exists to provide a forum for discussion of problems of particular concern to women in administrative positions.

1698:

The ALA also has the Women & Gender Studies Section (WGSS) of its Division "Association of College & Research Libraries"; this section was formed to discuss, promote, and support women's studies collections and services in academic and research libraries.

1046:. Depending upon the institution, the library may serve a particular faculty or the entire institution. Many different types, sizes, and collections are found in academic libraries and some academic librarians are specialists in these collections and archives. A 756:. Librarians can then see those books when they arrive and decide if they will become part of the collection or not. All collections librarians also have a certain amount of funding to allow them to purchase books and materials that don't arrive via approval. 515:, libraries changed; the content of libraries became less selective, to include literature of entertainment as well as academic value. At this time, libraries also became fully open to the public, with access no longer restricted to a small circle of readers. 273:. These scholars contributed significantly to the collection and cataloging of the wide variety of scrolls in the library's collection. Most notably, Callimachus created what is considered to be the first subject catalog of the library holdings, called the 2402:

The main plank of government policy towards libraries is to shift them into the voluntary sector. This shift in strategy is reflected in the new Cipfa figures: though paid library staff fell by 5.3% from 18,028 to 17,064, volunteer numbers rose by 7.5% to

1605:

cents and Hispanic and Latina women earned 63.8 cents on every dollar earned by a man of any race. Asian women were the only female racial group to earn more than men of all races, but they still only earned 76.7 cents to the dollar reported by Asian men.

1600:

Historically, librarianship has offered differing career opportunities for men and women in the United States, where 83 percent of all librarians were women in 2015. That number had fallen to 79 percent in 2018, before going back up to 81 percent in 2019.

1180:

usually become teaching faculty in schools of library and information science, or sometimes occupy the directorship or deanship of university libraries. Those undertaking research at the doctoral level can pursue a very wide range of interests including

216:; astronomical calculations; mathematical tables; grammatical and linguistic tables; dictionaries; and commercial records and laws. All of these tablets were cataloged and arranged in logical order by subject or type, each having an identification tag. 1730:

of librarians in popular culture are frequently negative: librarians are portrayed as puritanical, punitive, unattractive, and timid if female, or timid, unattractive, and effeminate if male. These stereotypes have harmed librarians in the public eye.

1399:" (used to denote digital technology) and "librarian". The term "cybrarian" can be applied to someone who concerns themselves primarily with the role that technology plays in a traditional library setting. The term is also sometimes used for freelance 1498:. YALSA, The Young Adult Library Services Association, serves Young Adult librarians, and is part of the American Library Association. Many U.S. states have their own library association as well. Librarians may also join such organizations as the 1247:

In the United Kingdom, a librarian can have a three- or four-year bachelor's degree in library science; separate master's degrees in librarianship, archive management, and records management are also available. These degrees are accredited by the

1667:

The American Library Association's Social Responsibilities Round Table Feminist Task Force (FTF) was founded in 1970 by women who wished to address sexism in libraries and librarianship. FTF was the first ALA group to focus on women's issues.

1584: 582:

disease. During this time, library services were in high demand as patrons were stuck inside during quarantine, but with limited building access, most public library patrons switched to digital content, online learning, and virtual programs.

1324:; however, an additional library science degree is not generally required. Many, if not most, academic librarians also have a second, subject-based master's degree. This is especially true of librarians working at four-year colleges. 739:

Specific duties vary depending on the size and type of library. Olivia Crosby described librarians as "Information experts in the information age." Most librarians spend their time working in one of the following areas of a library:

1213:. Despite the existence of doctoral programs existing to supplement a master's degree, the American Library Association considers a master's degree from an ALA accredited or approved program to be the terminal degree in the field. 6052: 986:

Basic categories of workplace settings for librarians are routinely classified around the world as: public, academic, school, and special. Some librarians will start and operate their own business. They often call themselves

1609:

however, have made continuous progress toward equality, a reform called for following advancements of the American Library Association to amplify female representation in the library field, as well as reflected by the rise of

1414:

for cataloguing records electronically. They had to purchase and run the computers necessary to use the software. They had to teach the public how to use the new technologies and move to more virtual working environments.

277:. The pinakes contained 120 scrolls arranged into ten subject classes; each class was then subdivided, listing authors alphabetically by titles. The librarians at Alexandria were considered the "custodians of learning". 1299:

In the United States and Canada, a librarian generally has a one or two-year (more common) master's degree in library science from an accredited university. This master's degree is obtained following graduation from a

783: 1068:

in effective research methods, often referred to as information literacy skills. Audio-visual equipment service and/or textbook circulation may also be included in a school librarian's responsibilities. Often,

208:. Ashurbanipal was the first individual in history to introduce librarianship as a profession. We know of at least one "keeper of the books" who was employed to oversee the thousands of tablets on Sumerian and 1797: 1523: 1223:, and library associates (not to be confused with academic rank of assistant librarian or associate librarian) may have diplomas but usually do not hold library-related degrees. Occasionally they also hold 760:

face-to-face classes or through the creation of online learning objects. They instruct library users on how to find, evaluate, and use information effectively. They are most common in academic libraries.

502:, gave up his career as a diplomat and established Oxford's Bodleian library. He is credited as creating the first functional library of modern times. Subsequent librarians following Bodley were called 665:, "book"). A 1713 definition of the word was "custodian of a library", while in the 17th century, the role was referred to as a "library-keeper", and a librarian was a "scribe, one who copies books". 162:

stores. Roles and responsibilities vary widely depending on the type of library, the specialty of the librarian, and the functions needed to maintain collections and make them available to its users.

2483: 1519: 1249: 1406:

One of the most significant examples of how technology has changed the role of librarians in the last 50 years has been the move from traditional card catalogs to online public access catalogs (

1320:, public librarianship, medical librarianship, law librarianship, special librarianship, academic librarianship, or school (K-12) librarianship. School librarians often are required to have a 2453: 1173: 2657: 668:

The role of a librarian is continually evolving to meet social and technological needs. A modern librarian may deal with provision and maintenance of information in many formats, including

495:

upheld that the librarian was the most important factor in the aid of learning. He is credited as including science texts in addition to conventional literature within library collections.

1328:, the international honor society for library & information science and information technology, honors faculty for distinguished service to education for librarianship with the annual 3927: 2310:

Kerslake, Evelyn (1 March 2007). "'They have had to come down to the women for help!' Numerical feminization and the characteristics of women's library employment in England, 1871–1974".

1800:(IFLA) and the ALA were written in order to help libraries make their information more accessible to people with disabilities, and in some cases, specifically the Deaf community. IFLA's 3051: 1758:

the deaf, it seemed as if the gap between the requirements of this group and what public libraries could offer was too great for public libraries to be able to serve them effectively.”

2715: 5694: 5231: 2833: 1682: 5261: 4739: 2628: 1340: 5930: 617:. The Librarian Reserve Corps Literature Enhancement and Metadata Enrichment (LIME) volunteers, led by Jessica Callaway, vetted, indexed, and helped disseminate resources about 189:

or "keepers of the tablets" were scribes or priests who were trained to handle the vast amount and complexity of these records. The extent of their specific duties is unknown.

5318:

Hayes, Jessica B.; Parks, Cecelia; McNeilly, Samantha; Johnson, Phill (1 November 2018). "Boomers to Millennials: Generational Stereotypes at Work in Academic Librarianship".

1418:

The same could be said of other technology developments, from electronic databases (including the Internet), to logistical functions such as bar codes (or in the near future

1391:

technologies. Digital librarians have become ubiquitous in the Information Age, so much so that a new word has been coined for such digital curators: "cybrarian", which is a

2929: 1778:, which is now online at the website of the Friends of Libraries for Deaf Action. Hagemeyer was one of the first library activists to make strides for the Deaf community. 90:

Three- or four-year degree; in some countries a post-graduate diploma or master's degree is required, while specialist librarians may need a relevant subject degree (e.g.

4803: 1185:, government information policy, social research into information use among particular segments of society, information in organizations and corporate settings, and the 540: 3578: 2542: 2744: 5635: 5104: 2389: 1353: 4773: 5859: 1499: 1043: 721: 976: 578:

in 2020, many librarians were temporarily displaced as libraries across the country were affected by a nationwide shutdown in efforts to control the spread of

2571: 645: 4872: 2773: 398:

is considered to be a time of aristocratic enthusiasm for libraries. During this period, great private libraries were developed in Europe by figures such as

4115: 2475: 1144: 6292: 5687: 1531: 2686: 2345:

Coleman, Sterling Joseph (1 August 2014). "'Eminently Suited to Girls and Women': The Numerical Feminization of Public Librarianship in England 1914–31".

748:

materials, such as manuscripts, documents and records, though this varies from country to country, and there are other routes to the archival profession.

633:. The Librarian Reserve Corps founder, Elaine Hicks, and co-leadership Stacy Brody and Sara Loree, were awarded the 2021 Librarian of the Year title from 511:, Bodley's Librarian. They would earn £40 a year. The ideas formed with these librarians continued to develop into the 17th century. With the approach of 3320: 1675:

The Reference and Adult Services Division of the ALA has a discussion group titled "Women's Materials and Women Library Users," formed in the mid-1980s.

1055:

service as are required of faculty. Academic librarians administer various levels of service and privilege to faculty, students, alumni, and the public.

3952: 2803: 1441:

Increasing technological advance has presented the possibility of automating some aspects of traditional libraries. In 2004 a group of researchers in

4033: 2445: 1704:

B.2.1.15 Access to Library Resources and Services Regardless of Sex, Gender Identity, Gender Expression, or Sexual Orientation (Old Number 53.1.15):

1115: 5139: 6057: 5172: 2649: 1892: 4600: 4903: 6188: 5680: 1507: 1111: 575: 3931: 3452: 3043: 5616: 5302: 4842: 4196: 3626: 3285: 3190: 3149: 2707: 1573: 1542: 1107: 5470: 5223: 4004: 2825: 6203: 1376: 5253: 2424: 798:

Reference or research librarians help people doing research to find the information they need, through a structured conversation called a

3855: 3664: 3557:"The changing roles, responsibilities and skills of subject and learning support librarians in the Southern African Customs Union region" 6230: 4731: 4064:"Public access computing and Internet access in public libraries: The role of public libraries in e-government and emergency situations" 2620: 728: 528: 2236:

Occasional Papers (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Graduate School of Library and Information Science); No. 160 (July 1983)

1075: 6102: 1872: 379:

In the 14th century, universities began to reemerge which had libraries and employed librarians. At the same time royalty, nobles and

219: 6312: 3021: 2958: 5967: 5148: 3794: 3354: 1897: 1259:

In Germany, the first step for an academic librarian is a PhD in a subject field, followed by additional training in librarianship.

2513: 1422:). Many librarians provide virtual reference services (via web-based chat, instant messaging, text messaging, and e-mail), work in 1023: 5390: 4157: 3826: 1472: 4326: 2921: 6215: 6072: 5990: 1812: 1781: 1361: 1072:

are qualified teachers who take academic courses for school library certification or earn a master's degree in Library Science.

296:, kept the contents of their private libraries to themselves, only boasting of the enormity of his collection. Others, such as 4795: 6062: 318: 31: 2534: 1739: 4709: 4262: 2736: 5660: 5632: 5100: 4986: 1722: 1557: 1495: 1134: 1103: 1027: 839:(the city or county for a public library, the college/university for an academic library, or the organization served by a 2381: 921:

Initiating and establishing creative digital activities to introduce children to coding, engineering and website building

6338: 6210: 6178: 6025: 6015: 5985: 5920: 5283:

Pagowsky, Nicole; Rigby, Miriam (2014). "Contextualizing Ourselves: The Identity Politics of the Librarian Stereotype".

4541: 1621: 1561: 1527: 1511: 1491: 1479: 1305: 1272: 1138: 1123: 893: 3110: 2899: 6193: 5995: 5815: 4835:

The Role of Women in Librarianship, 1876-1976: The Entry, Advancement, and Struggle for Equalization in One Profession

4765: 4570: 3080: 1887: 1515: 1155: 1119: 874:

Working with other education organisations to establish continual, lifelong learning and further education initiatives

768:

librarians might focus on high school students, transfer students, first-generation college students, and minorities.

230: 165: 2984:"Librarian Reserve Corps: Literature indexing and metadata enhancement (LIME) observations from a year in the field" 6302: 6129: 5666: 5031: 4954: 2563: 1785: 1503: 1012: 980: 650: 361: 5411: 4880: 2765: 6242: 6225: 6198: 6183: 5715: 4233: 4095: 1852: 1640:. She was confirmed by Congress in July, and assumed office as the 14th Librarian of Congress in September 2016. 1148: 626: 266: 4646: 3906: 3592: 1744: 1624:(which had been founded in 1876), serving in that office for just over a year. The highly esteemed position of 1461: 1267: 906: 6343: 6272: 5957: 5854: 5355:"Are the deaf a disabled group, or a linguistic minority? Issues for librarians in Victoria's public libraries" 2678: 1877: 1364:(TAFE) college/institute followed by an ALIA-recognized bachelor's degree in library and information studies. 1317: 1102:

or appropriate subject degrees for subject specialties such as chemistry, engineering, etc. Many belong to the

996: 733: 242: 4911: 3324: 3248: 1050:, or chief librarian, is responsible for the library within the college structure, and may also be called the 4283:

Marín, R.; Sanz, P.J.; del Pobil, A.P. (2003). "The UJI Online Robot: An Education and Training Experience".

1438:, which present both challenges and opportunities in providing access and promoting them to library patrons. 999:, or independent information professionals. Below are the basic differences between the types of libraries. 864:

Suggesting appropriate books ("readers' advisory") for children of different reading levels and recommending

491:

librarians deserve a living wage in order to use their energy to perform their duties to the fullest extent.

300:, took on the role of lending librarian by sharing scrolls in their collection. Many Roman emperors included 5925: 2795: 1917: 1051: 843:). In smaller or specialized libraries, librarians typically perform a wide range of the different duties. 689: 568: 444: 432: 5654: 3956: 2593: 526:, selected and identified over 300,000 books and manuscripts that became the property of the people in the 6042: 6037: 5940: 5896: 4823:

Nelson, Bonnie R. “The Chimera of Professionalism.” Library Journal, vol. 105, no. 17, Oct. 1980, p. 2029.

4698:"A Commitment to Human Rights Let's Honor the Qualities Required of a Librarian Dedicated to Human Rights" 4319:"3D Systems Presents 100 Libraries & Museums Participating in MakerLab Club with New Cube 3D Printers" 3530: 1882: 1400: 1182: 988: 854: 772: 700:

instruction; computer provision and training; coordination with community groups to host public programs;

564: 519: 4486: 4226:"MARC Format Documentation Overview (Network Development and MARC Standards Office, Library of Congress)" 4041: 3881: 6047: 5947: 4149: 3572: 1912: 1625: 1564:. The Progressive Librarians Guild covers the actions of union library workers in its journal and blog, 1380: 1253: 1210: 1206: 831: 246: 6282: 5644: 5194: 5164: 4461: 4356: 1652: 313:, an office that combined both military and judicial duties. A later librarian of the same library was 5573:

The Scholar as Librarian as Collector." R.W. Chambers Memorial Lecture at University College, London.

5071: 4410: 1545:. Many librarians around the world share American librarians' concern over ethical issues surrounding 6165: 6150: 6107: 6067: 6000: 5881: 5810: 4675: 4436: 3714: 3689: 1830: 1610: 1301: 1083: 992: 701: 697: 314: 258: 155: 138: 3764: 3739: 1767:

making libraries more accessible to disabilities in general and to the Deaf community specifically.

448:, a universal listing of all printed books, emerged from well-established academics and librarians: 6333: 6087: 6032: 5935: 5866: 5551:

Cohen, S. (2006). "Have you heard about the Library Services for the Deaf & Hard of Hearing?".

4981: 4621: 3414: 1820:, Brazil, receives experts to debate issues related to libraries and changes planned for the future 1647: 1629: 1321: 1186: 799: 716: 629:. As of November 2021, the Librarian Reserve Corps has vetted over 60,000 publications relating to 384: 238: 223: 4592: 4590:

See also, the series, "There is Power in a Union: Union Activism 2006 Timeline" beginning in 2006

4507: 4381: 3206:

Love, Johnnieque B. (1 March 2003). "The Enhanced and Changing Role of the Specialist Librarian".

3134:

Effective School Librarianship: Successful Professional Practices from Librarians Around the World

2594:"Federal Funding For State And Local Contact Tracing Efforts Is An Urgent Priority, And A Bargain" 1770:

One of the first activists in the library community working toward accessibility for the Deaf was

154:

providing access to information, and sometimes social or technical programming, or instruction on

6262: 6237: 6220: 6097: 6092: 6010: 5748: 5575: 5462: 5335: 5023: 4946: 4300: 4012: 3444: 3395: 3223: 3013: 2891: 2362: 2327: 2284: 2276: 1907: 1847: 1431: 1313: 1216: 602: 5127:

On Account of Sex: An Annotated Bibliography on the History of Women in Librarianship, 1977–1981

1193: 4483:"The official website of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions" 4062:

Bertot, John Carlo; Jaeger, Paul T.; Langa, Lesley A.; McClure, Charles R. (4 September 2006).

2416: 696:-based and digital resources. A librarian may also provide other information services, such as 6173: 6134: 6117: 5952: 5901: 5780: 5743: 5612: 5588: 5500: 5298: 5144: 4838: 4192: 4179:

Wormell, Irene; Olesen, Annie Joan; Mikulás, Gábor (2011). "What is information consulting?".

3986: 3847: 3800: 3790: 3622: 3512: 3494: 3436: 3387: 3350: 3281: 3186: 3155: 3145: 3005: 2883: 2875: 2292: 2083: 2045: 1995: 1943: 1617: 1329: 1228: 1220: 1161: 1094: 1069: 614: 606: 598: 492: 461: 1628:

was held entirely by men from its creation in 1802 (two years after the establishment of the

345:

of libraries alive after the fall of the Roman Empire. It is during this time that the first

6122: 6005: 5844: 5837: 5805: 5723: 5531: 5366: 5327: 5288: 5012:"Library Feminism and Library Women's History: Activism and Scholarship, Equity and Culture" 4292: 4184: 4107: 4071: 3502: 3486: 3426: 3379: 3215: 3178: 3137: 2995: 2867: 2601: 2354: 2319: 2268: 2239: 1446: 1047: 1038: 1007: 523: 469: 453: 114: 3761:"Visual Resources Association – The International Association of Image Media Professionals" 1526:(IFLA) represents the interests of libraries and librarians internationally. (See also the 406:. These libraries were sponsored by popes, royals, and nobility who sent agents throughout 6155: 6082: 6020: 5977: 5876: 5871: 5827: 5790: 5775: 5753: 5707: 5639: 5285:

The Librarian Stereotype: Deconstructing Perceptions and Presentations of Information Work

3928:"Human Resources and Skills Development: 4142 Elementary School and Kindergarten Teachers" 2983: 2950: 1771: 1711:

B.2.12 Threats to Library Materials Related to Sex, Gender Identity, or Sexual Orientation

1236: 1192:

It is common in academic and other research libraries to require the librarians to obtain

1165: 840: 807: 681: 634: 587: 412: 289: 118: 5442: 2417:"LJ Survey: U.S. Public Libraries Mostly Closed, But No Consensus on Who Works and Where" 1616:

Historically, top positions in the library field have largely been held by men. In 1911,

3990: 2505: 6112: 5962: 5849: 5832: 5822: 5785: 5765: 5758: 5733: 5386: 4188: 4137: 3818: 3507: 3474: 1902: 1467: 1411: 1064: 915:

Answering incoming reference questions via telephone, postal mail, email, fax, and chat

788: 487: 449: 407: 356:. Within the monasteries, the role of librarian was often filled by an overseer of the 301: 281: 110: 4111: 2605: 910:

A librarian pushes a book cart at Camp Delta, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba on December 3, 2002

889:

Building and maintaining collections to respond to changing community needs or demands

886:

Assessing library services and collections in order to best meet library users' needs.

329: 6327: 6077: 5800: 4318: 3448: 3399: 3347:

The librarian's Internet survival guide: strategies for the high-tech reference desk"

3301:

McKinzie, Steve (October 2002). "For Ethical Reference, Pare the Paraprofessionals".

3274: 3227: 3017: 2895: 2366: 2331: 2288: 1384: 1280: 1224: 1031: 827: 499: 5339: 3431: 2358: 1304:

program in any discipline. The Library Science master's degree is accredited by the

1172:

in library science. The first doctoral degree in library science was offered by the

5886: 5371: 5354: 4304: 3977:

Wyss, Paul Alan (September 2008). "A Question of Degrees for Academic Librarians".

1752: 1637: 1633: 1588:

Library Personnel. The library staff and the delivery truck, Kelly Aviation Field,

1453:

to their collections in an effort to expose the public to cutting-edge technology.

1423: 1198: 930:

Making and enforcing computer appointments on the public access Internet computers.

428: 285: 262: 254: 193: 91: 3419:

Partnership: The Canadian Journal of Library and Information Practice and Research

3383: 2871: 2476:"Libraries Are Dealing With New Demand For Books And Services During The Pandemic" 1789: 1227:

or graduate degrees in other disciplines. These workers, sometimes referred to as

5331: 5101:"American Library Association, Committee on the Status of Women in Librarianship" 4254: 4153: 3787:

Libraries and librarianship : sixty years of challenge and change, 1945-2005

1352:

In Australia, a professional librarian must meet the requirements set out by the

5891: 5770: 5672: 4976: 4697: 3490: 3367: 1862: 1817: 1538: 1325: 1292: 1099: 1079: 486:

is considered to be the first English library theorist. He wrote two letters to

395: 357: 342: 270: 205: 5287:. Chicago: Association of College and Research Libraries Press. pp. 1–37. 5141:

Keeping the Faith: The Public Library's Commitment to Adult Education, 1950 ...

948:

There are a number of contributing factors to the librarians’ roles changing.

423: 49:

A librarian in a military base library helps an airman find an entry in a book.

5795: 4296: 3159: 2049: 1727: 1546: 1450: 1392: 1276: 1202: 858: 823: 685: 579: 305: 73: 5649: 5592: 3498: 3475:"Health sciences librarians, patient contact, and secondary traumatic stress" 3440: 3391: 3009: 2879: 2323: 2087: 1999: 1947: 4562: 3804: 3102: 3000: 2296: 1857: 1687: 1572:

organization is the Social Responsibilities Special Interest Section of the

1169: 741: 677: 610: 483: 477: 457: 403: 350: 338: 250: 234: 209: 130: 3516: 3072: 2887: 2855: 2506:"Public Libraries Respond to COVID-19: Survey of Response & Activities" 704:

for people with disabilities; and assistance locating community resources.

661:, as demonstrated by the etymology of the word "librarian" (from the Latin 368:(literally "librarian") following his successful translations of the Greek 5536: 5519: 4076: 4063: 3219: 3182: 1537:

Recent issues of concern for U.S. libraries include implementation of the

1430:

Librarians must continually adapt to new formats for information, such as

17: 4935:"President's Address: The Public Library: A Leaven'd and Prepared Choice" 4533: 1514:

serves Canada and there are provincial associations as well, such as the

1345: 1232: 777: 745: 693: 673: 630: 618: 591: 399: 369: 297: 5444:

Achievement: From a lack of knowledge to an appreciation of Deaf history

5027: 5011: 4950: 4934: 3556: 5738: 5728: 5703: 5601:

Pioneers in Librarianship : Sixty Notable Leaders Who Shaped the Field.

5419: 4225: 3953:"Human Resources and Skills Development: 4141 Secondary School Teacher" 3819:"Statement on the Terminal Professional Degree for Academic Librarians" 2280: 2234:

Winter, Michael F. (1983). "The professionalization of librarianship".

1867: 1691: 1550: 1435: 1309: 753: 380: 310: 274: 201: 197: 151: 134: 5293: 3902: 2708:"As States Seek COVID Detectives, Librarians Are Among The Candidates" 1518:. In the United Kingdom, the professional body for Librarians is the 776:

young reader. (In larger libraries, some specialize in teen services,

3596: 2244: 1656: 1396: 1288: 1284: 792: 609:, serving as "information first responders" in the fight against the 436: 391:, an attribute that is closely connected to librarians of this time. 293: 4650: 2259:

Wilensky, Harold L. (1964). "The Professionalization of Everyone?".

5504: 4224:

Library of Congress Network Development and MARC Standards Office.

3366:

Smith, Daniella L.; Bazalar, Bryan; Wheeler, Maurice (2020-05-18).

3349:, Irene E. McDermott, Barbara E. Quint, p. 1-2, Information Today, 3244: 3141: 2951:"Librarian Reserve Corps -- Doody's Collection Development Monthly" 2272: 601:. It was a global network of volunteer librarians, specializing in 427:

Enlightenment era librarian in a library, 19th-century painting by

5645:

U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Outlook Handbook: Librarians

5491:

Hollander, Pat (June 1995). "Deaf-Advocacy at Queens Borough PL".

4458:"The Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals" 1811: 1780: 1738: 1681: 1646: 1589: 1583: 1490:

The two largest library associations in the United States are the

1460: 1442: 1375: 1339: 1266: 1143: 1133: 1074: 1022: 975: 905: 898:

Writing grants to gain funding for expanded program or collections

880:

Developing programs for library users of all ages and backgrounds.

865: 822: 782: 771:

Public service librarians work with the public, frequently at the

727: 715: 644: 622: 563: 545: 539: 422: 383:

began to establish libraries of their own as status symbols. King

353: 346: 328: 218: 182: 4142:

International Journal of Information Dissemination and Technology

4089: 4087: 1798:

International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions

1524:

International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions

724:

in 2013. iPad, PC, eReader and laptop computer are required tools

1419: 1407: 669: 658: 213: 5676: 2826:"Librarian Volunteers Help WHO Make Sense of COVID Information" 411:

needs. A tool to achieve these organizational goals, the first

333:

Burgundian scribe Jean Miélot in his scriptorium (15th century)

3877: 1556:

Some librarians join activist organizations like the UK-based

1383:

provides new technology, VR, 3D printer, etc for residents of

1177: 376:

began more formal cataloguing, inventory, and classification.

360:

where monks would copy out books cover to cover. A monk named

95: 4766:"Library Professionals: Facts, Figures, and Union Membership" 657:

Traditionally, a librarian is associated with collections of

5463:"Guidelines for Library Services to Deaf People 2nd Edition" 5202: 4977:"Senate Confirms Carla Hayden as 14th Librarian of Congress" 2446:"ALA Executive Board Recommends Closing Libraries to Public" 1520:

Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals

1250:

Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals

918:

Delivering arts and cultural activities to local communities

185:

were the first to train clerks to keep records of accounts.

4625: 4457: 4402: 4348: 2217: 2215: 5055:

Reclaiming the American library past: writing the women in

4671: 4511: 4432: 3710: 3685: 3555:

Chanetsa, Ngulube, Bernadette, Patrick (October 1, 2014).

3132:

Lo, Patrick; Rogers, Heather; Chiu, Dickson K. W. (2018).

3044:"Battling the Infodemic: LJ's 2021 Librarians of the Year" 2130: 2128: 2103: 2101: 2099: 2097: 1174:

Graduate Library School, University of Chicago, 1928-1989.

5520:"The Deaf Collection at the Gallaudet University Library" 3760: 3735: 1973: 1971: 1969: 1239:, ready reference, and serials and monograph processing. 1992:

Libraries and librarianship in the West: a brief history

1106:. There are also more specific associations such as the 850:

Researching topics of interest for their constituencies.

476:, the first printed monograph on librarianship. In this 5079: 4482: 4377: 3903:"United States Bureau of Labour Statistics: Librarians" 3368:"Public Librarian Job Stressors and Burnout Predictors" 2988:

Journal of Health Information and Libraries Australasia

2922:"Librarian Reserve Corps Fighting COVID-19's Infodemic" 2592:

Salomon, Joshua A.; Reingold, Arthur L. (11 May 2020).

846:

Representative examples of librarian responsibilities:

464:. The four librarians responsible for establishing the 387:

began his own library, and he kept his collection as a

5387:"Library services for people with disabilities policy" 4796:"Library Workers: Facts & Figures Fact Sheet 2016" 4732:"Library Workers: Facts & Figures Fact Sheet 2016" 3823:

Association of College & Research Libraries (ACRL)

3660: 3646:. Englewood, Colorado: Libraries Unlimited. p. 4. 2061: 2059: 2042:

The President, the Professor, and the College Library

2023: 2021: 586:

As the crisis escalated, there was a high demand for

4138:"Cybrarian: The Librarian of Future Digital Library" 4094:

Katsirikou, Anthi; Sefertzi, Elena (December 2000).

2856:"The Librarian Reserve Corps: An Emergency Response" 883:

Managing access to electronic information resources.

6164: 6143: 5976: 5910: 5714: 5633:

ALIA: Careers in Library and Information Management

4696:Phenix, Katharine; McCook, Kathleen (1 July 2007). 2564:"Digital Escape Rooms and Other Online Programming" 1360:library technician qualifications (undertaken at a 1308:and can have specializations within fields such as 349:(book as opposed to scroll) enters popularity: the 124: 102: 84: 79: 67: 59: 54: 4349:"Young Adult Library Services Association (YALSA)" 3273: 1796:New guidelines from library organizations such as 924:Marking promotion and advocacy of library services 623:Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network (GOARN) 597:The Librarian Reserve Corps was formed during the 292:in their home. Many of these aristocrats, such as 5125:Kathleen de la Peña McCook and Katharine Phenix, 4860:President, the first woman to hold that position. 2977: 2975: 1522:(formerly known as the Library Association). The 168:has changed over time to reflect changing roles. 5650:SLA's Competencies for Information Professionals 3561:Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 1620:became the first woman elected president of the 1427:fulfill and expand upon their historical roles. 904:Publishing articles in library science journals 442:During the 16th century, the idea of creating a 241:in 323 BC, was created to house the entirety of 63:Information professional, information specialist 4096:"Innovation in the every day life of libraries" 3413:Rodger, Joanne; Erickson, Norene (2021-05-16). 3247:. Central Jersey Regional Library Cooperative. 5609:Foundations of Library and Information Science 4770:Department for Professional Employees, AFL-CIO 4038:Australian Library and Information Association 4009:Australian Library and Information Association 3644:Dictionary for Library and Information Science 3595:. American Library Association. Archived from 1802:Guidelines for Library Services to Deaf People 1410:). Librarians had to develop software and the 1368:also hold recognized teaching qualifications. 1354:Australian Library and Information Association 288:, it was common for Roman aristocrats to hold 212:materials, including literary texts; history; 5688: 5165:"LLAMA Women Administrators Discussion Group" 4647:"AALL, Social Responsibilities SIS Home Page" 4508:"Information for Social Change Journal (ISC)" 3473:Becker, Rachel W.; McCrillis, Aileen (2015). 3415:"The Emotional Labour of Public Library Work" 1500:Association of College and Research Libraries 1044:Association of College and Research Libraries 962:Changing educational and learning environment 8: 5066: 5064: 5005: 5003: 4939:Bulletin of the American Library Association 3848:"Becoming a Library Assistant or Technician" 3789:. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. p. 124. 3577:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 3531:"School librarians: The beginning of an era" 3280:. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications Company. 1636:was nominated for the position by President 744:can be specialized librarians who deal with 245:. It was notable for its famous librarians: 37: 5450:. 67th IFLA Council and General Conference. 4672:"The American Association of Law Libraries" 3686:"The American Association of Law Libraries" 3267: 3265: 2679:"Contact Tracing and Libraries – MBLC Blog" 2382:"UK library budgets fall by £25m in a year" 1532:IFLA World Library and Information Congress 6288: 5695: 5681: 5673: 5254:"B.2 Intellectual Freedom (Old Number 53)" 5224:"B.2 Intellectual Freedom (Old Number 53)" 3479:Journal of the Medical Library Association 2796:"LibGuides: Librarian Reserve Corps: Home" 2650:"Librarians Recruited as COVID-19 Hunters" 2625:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1651:A librarian with sorted books to be sold. 1478:awards, presented in association with the 927:Assisting job seekers and local businesses 688:; photographs and other graphic material; 150:is a person who works professionally in a 43: 5585:Librarianship, Its Philosophy and History 5535: 5370: 5292: 5195:"ACRL Women & Gender Studies Section" 4075: 3506: 3430: 3239: 3237: 2999: 2535:"Pandemic Forces Programs to Move Online" 2243: 2221: 2206: 2194: 2182: 2170: 2158: 2146: 2134: 2107: 2080:History of libraries in the western world 1977: 877:Facilitating and promoting reading clubs. 4433:"Art Libraries Society of North America" 3711:"Art Libraries Society of North America" 1116:American Theological Library Association 901:Digitizing collections for online access 621:to various organizations, including the 518:In 18th-century France, two librarians, 468:are important figures in librarianship. 341:in Europe are credited with keeping the 5603:2022. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. 1930: 1893:American librarianship and human rights 1694:, 2014, Library of M. M. Kotsyubynskoho 5389:. American Library Association. 2012. 4759: 4757: 3655: 3653: 3570: 1743:Librarians in the Research Library in 1508:Art Libraries Society of North America 1112:Art Libraries Society of North America 576:COVID-19 pandemic in the United States 36: 5320:The Journal of Academic Librarianship 4800:Department for Professional Employees 4736:Department for Professional Employees 4534:"Progressive Librarians Guild - Home" 4211: 2737:"Other (Pandemic) Duties as Assigned" 2621:"Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)" 2392:from the original on December 8, 2016 2119: 2065: 2027: 2012: 1960: 1574:American Association of Law Libraries 1108:American Association of Law Libraries 952:Development in information technology 871:Reviewing books and journal databases 498:Another key figure of this time, Sir 200:, created a library at his palace in 7: 6278: 5655:Library and Information Science Wiki 4873:"Theresa West Elmendorf (1855-1932)" 4833:McCook, Kathleen de la Peña (1979). 4776:from the original on 27 October 2020 4742:from the original on 25 October 2016 3619:Introduction to Public Librarianship 3617:McCook, Kathleen de la Peña (2011). 3136:(1 ed.). Apple Academic Press. 2860:Medical Reference Services Quarterly 787:Royal Portuguese Reading Cabinet in 6308: 5441:Hagemeyer, Alice L. (August 2001). 5016:Library History Research in America 4413:from the original on April 29, 2022 3175:The Image and Role of the Librarian 2800:librarianreservecorps.libguides.com 1702:The ALA Policy Manual states under 967:Changes in scholarly communication. 4871:Nix, Larry T (December 12, 2008). 4712:from the original on 29 April 2021 4329:from the original on 28 March 2015 4189:10.1016/B978-1-84334-662-3.50001-3 4160:from the original on 29 April 2021 2854:Callaway, Jessica (January 2021). 1873:History of public library advocacy 1735:Librarianship for Deaf communities 1543:Children's Internet Protection Act 935:Librarians and work-related stress 474:Avis pour dresser une bibliothèque 25: 5968:Library and information scientist 5264:from the original on 3 March 2014 5234:from the original on 3 March 2014 5175:from the original on 7 March 2014 5107:from the original on 17 June 2012 4957:from the original on June 8, 2022 4593:"Progressive Librarian | Archive" 3858:from the original on 31 July 2014 3372:Journal of Library Administration 3083:from the original on 8 March 2021 2606:10.1377/forefront.20200506.867202 2380:Kean, Danuta (December 8, 2016). 2347:Library & Information History 1898:Libraries and the LGBTQ community 1465:Presenters and recipients of the 780:, or other special collections.) 6307: 6297: 6287: 6277: 6268: 6267: 6258: 6257: 5611:. American Library Association. 5034:from the original on May 5, 2022 4567:unionlibraryworkers.blogspot.com 2982:Callaway, Jessica (2021-05-14). 2510:Public Library Association (PLA) 2474:Wilburn, Thomas (16 June 2020). 1473:Carnegie Corporation of New York 1168:. It is also possible to earn a 192:Sometime in the 8th century BC, 6298: 5991:Library and information science 5579:17 no 3 (Autumn 1968): 279–284. 5473:from the original on 2021-04-29 5393:from the original on 2016-08-07 4989:from the original on 2016-08-26 4806:from the original on 2016-10-25 4678:from the original on 2010-04-23 4603:from the original on 2012-08-09 4573:from the original on 2012-04-26 4544:from the original on 2012-08-08 4489:from the original on 2015-07-06 4464:from the original on 2019-07-15 4439:from the original on 2010-04-18 4384:from the original on 2008-11-22 4359:from the original on 2011-11-19 4265:from the original on 2017-12-18 4236:from the original on 2017-12-30 4118:from the original on 2019-04-27 3909:from the original on 2012-01-11 3884:from the original on 2008-08-05 3829:from the original on 2021-10-28 3767:from the original on 2011-07-12 3742:from the original on 2008-09-13 3717:from the original on 2008-08-25 3692:from the original on 2008-09-01 3667:from the original on 2012-09-29 3661:"Special Libraries Association" 3455:from the original on 2021-09-21 3432:10.21083/partnership.v16i1.6189 3251:from the original on 2008-08-31 3113:from the original on 6 May 2021 3054:from the original on 2021-11-04 3024:from the original on 2021-11-04 2961:from the original on 2021-11-04 2932:from the original on 2021-11-04 2902:from the original on 2021-11-07 2836:from the original on 2021-11-04 2806:from the original on 2021-11-04 2776:from the original on 2020-09-22 2747:from the original on 2020-10-29 2718:from the original on 2020-10-30 2689:from the original on 2020-10-30 2660:from the original on 2020-10-27 2631:from the original on 2020-10-28 2574:from the original on 2020-11-01 2545:from the original on 2020-10-30 2516:from the original on 2020-10-31 2486:from the original on 2020-10-29 2456:from the original on 2020-11-01 2427:from the original on 2020-10-17 2359:10.1179/1758348914Z.00000000063 2082:. Scarecrow Press. p. 70. 1362:Technical and Further Education 544:National Library of France, in 6063:Electronic resource management 5583:Mukherjee, Ajit Kumar (1966). 5518:Harrington, Thomas R. (1998). 5372:10.1080/00049670.2003.10721582 4933:Elmendorf, H. L. (July 1912). 4538:progressivelibrariansguild.org 4136:Dey, Tulima (1 October 2012). 32:The Librarian (disambiguation) 1: 5665:, Ernest Cushing Richardson, 5057:. Greenwood Publishing Group. 5053:Hildenbrand, Suzanne (1996). 5010:Hildenbrand, Suzanne (2000). 4902:Bertram, Cara (May 6, 2013). 4877:Wisconsin Library Association 4702:Information for Social Change 4649:. Aallnet.org. Archived from 4112:10.1016/S0166-4972(00)00004-3 3736:"Medical Library Association" 3384:10.1080/01930826.2020.1733347 2872:10.1080/02763869.2021.1873627 2261:American Journal of Sociology 1723:Librarians in popular culture 1560:and the North American-based 1558:Information for Social Change 1496:Special Libraries Association 1187:history of books and printing 1104:Special Libraries Association 1028:Southern Methodist University 5662:Some Old Egyptian Librarians 5332:10.1016/j.acalib.2018.09.011 4597:Progressive Librarians Guild 4040:. 2008-06-24. Archived from 4011:. 2006-08-10. Archived from 3852:American Library Association 3785:Bobinski, George S. (2007). 3593:"Public Library Association" 3173:Katz, Linda S (2003-06-27). 1663:American Library Association 1622:American Library Association 1562:Progressive Librarians Guild 1528:List of Library Associations 1512:Canadian Library Association 1492:American Library Association 1480:American Library Association 1306:American Library Association 1273:American Library Association 1160:Librarians generally hold a 1139:Cambridge University Library 1124:Visual Resources Association 944:Changing roles of librarians 5996:Education for librarianship 4674:. Aallnet.org. 2010-04-06. 3491:10.3163/1536-5050.103.2.006 3107:Online Etymology Dictionary 2770:American Libraries Magazine 2766:"What's Lost in a Furlough" 2741:American Libraries Magazine 2654:American Libraries Magazine 2568:American Libraries Magazine 2539:American Libraries Magazine 2450:American Libraries Magazine 1940:Readings in library history 1888:Librarians in North America 1516:Ontario Library Association 1156:Education for librarianship 1120:Medical Library Association 853:Referring patrons to other 819:Additional responsibilities 720:A librarian's workspace at 560:COVID-19 pandemic in the US 325:Middle Ages and Renaissance 231:Great Library of Alexandria 166:Education for librarianship 6360: 6156:History of library science 5461:Day, John Michael (2000). 5359:Australian Library Journal 4764:Research Department, DPE. 4624:. libr.org. Archived from 4510:. Libr.org. Archived from 4407:Public Library Association 3621:. New York, Neal-Schuman. 2078:Harris, Michael H (1984). 2040:Lyle, Guy Redvers (1963). 1990:Jackson, Sidney L (1974). 1750: 1720: 1504:Public Library Association 1457:Professional organizations 1344:ALIA inaugural meeting at 1153: 1013:Public Library Association 981:Los Angeles Public Library 651:National Library of Norway 641:Roles and responsibilities 29: 6253: 5587:. Asia Publishing House. 5467:IFLA Professional Reports 5103:. ala.org. 26 July 2006. 5072:"ALA Feminist Task Force" 4255:"Virtual Reference Shelf" 1938:Dunlap, Leslie W (1972). 1853:List of female librarians 1530:.) IFLA hosts the annual 1271:The iconic symbol of the 1231:, perform duties such as 1149:Oxford University Library 868:for recreational reading. 627:World Health Organization 364:who took on the title of 284:and the beginning of the 42: 6273:Category:Library science 5958:Information professional 5855:Learning Resource Centre 3272:Anders, Rebecca (1978). 2324:10.1179/174581607x177466 1878:Information professional 1580:Gender and librarianship 1318:information architecture 997:competitive intelligence 991:, research specialists, 734:Helsinki Central Library 722:Newmarket Public Library 672:; electronic resources; 5667:Charles Scribner's Sons 5657:(archived 30 June 2019) 5607:Rubin, Richard (2010). 4563:"Union Library Workers" 4297:10.1023/A:1026220621431 3979:College Student Journal 3878:"Society of Archivists" 3642:Reitz, Joan M. (1998). 3208:The Reference Librarian 3077:Encyclopedia Britannica 3001:10.55999/johila.v2i1.51 2504:SHOFMANN (2020-03-23). 1918:Public library advocacy 1786:University of São Paulo 1632:) until 2016, when Dr. 1401:information consultants 855:community organizations 690:bibliographic databases 569:New York Public Library 513:Bibliotheca Universalis 466:Bibliotheca Universalis 445:Bibliotheca Universalis 6043:Collection development 4181:Information Consulting 1883:Library Bill of Rights 1821: 1793: 1748: 1709:It also states, under 1695: 1659: 1592: 1482: 1387: 1349: 1296: 1295:(territory of the USA) 1183:information technology 1151: 1141: 1086: 1034: 983: 911: 835: 795: 736: 725: 654: 613:as a direct result of 571: 548: 529:Bibliothèque Nationale 520:Hubert-Pascal Ameilhon 439: 334: 226: 187:"Masters of the books" 6048:Collective collection 5537:10.26443/el.v22i3.131 4077:10.5210/fm.v11i9.1392 3245:"Become a Librarian!" 3220:10.1300/j120v37n78_10 3183:10.4324/9780203820742 1913:Periodicals librarian 1815: 1784: 1751:Further information: 1742: 1685: 1650: 1626:Librarian of Congress 1587: 1566:Union Library Workers 1464: 1381:Austin Public Library 1379: 1343: 1270: 1254:Society of Archivists 1211:public administration 1207:health administration 1147: 1137: 1078: 1026: 979: 909: 832:Librarian of Congress 826: 786: 731: 719: 648: 567: 543: 426: 332: 304:into their political 222: 6211:Library associations 6151:History of libraries 6068:Information literacy 5599:Nappo, Christian A. 5353:McQuigg, K. (2003). 3327:on February 12, 2011 3276:Careers in a Library 2920:Talia (2020-05-15). 1831:Gallaudet University 1611:second-wave feminism 1084:University of Sydney 1048:university librarian 993:knowledge management 712:Positions and duties 702:assistive technology 698:information literacy 649:Librarians at work, 505:Protobibliothecarius 415:, appeared in 1595. 315:Gaius Julius Hyginus 280:Near the end of the 156:information literacy 30:For other uses, see 6339:Library occupations 6088:Library instruction 5948:Periodicals/serials 5867:Special collections 5553:Tennessee Libraries 5524:Education Libraries 4982:Library of Congress 4883:on January 16, 2021 4034:"Teacher-Librarian" 2598:Health Affairs Blog 1630:Library of Congress 1476:I Love My Librarian 1432:electronic journals 1322:teaching credential 1217:Library technicians 989:information brokers 800:reference interview 385:Charles V of France 239:Alexander the Great 237:after the death of 224:Library of Congress 39: 6263:Category:Libraries 6130:Technical services 6098:Library publishing 6093:Library management 5921:Distance education 5638:2021-11-22 at the 5576:The Book Collector 5493:American Libraries 4532:Sarah Henriksson. 3303:American Libraries 2619:CDC (2020-02-11). 1908:Library technician 1848:List of librarians 1822: 1794: 1749: 1696: 1660: 1653:Malmö City Library 1593: 1483: 1388: 1350: 1314:records management 1297: 1287:(including French 1237:library cataloging 1229:para-professionals 1221:library assistants 1152: 1142: 1087: 1070:teacher-librarians 1035: 984: 912: 836: 796: 737: 726: 655: 603:academic libraries 572: 549: 440: 335: 227: 86:Education required 6321: 6320: 6108:Readers' advisory 5781:Library of things 5618:978-1-55570-690-6 5304:978-0-8389-8704-9 5260:. 4 August 2010. 5230:. 4 August 2010. 5171:. 23 March 2012. 4914:on April 20, 2022 4904:"Madam PResident" 4857:Thomison, p. 280 4844:978-0-912700-01-4 4622:"Welcome to SRRT" 4325:. 23 March 2015. 4285:Autonomous Robots 4198:978-1-84334-662-3 4183:. pp. 1–11. 3628:978-1-55570-697-5 3567:– via Sage. 3287:978-0-8225-0334-7 3192:978-0-429-23626-6 3151:978-1-315-14957-8 2926:The Springy Share 1618:Theresa Elmendorf 1348:, 20 August, 1937 1330:Beta Phi Mu Award 1302:bachelor's degree 1162:university degree 1095:Special libraries 1052:Dean of Libraries 615:COVID-19 pandemic 607:medical libraries 599:COVID-19 pandemic 493:Gottfried Leibniz 462:Gottfried Leibniz 419:Enlightenment era 290:private libraries 177:The ancient world 144: 143: 139:knowledge manager 16:(Redirected from 6351: 6311: 6310: 6301: 6300: 6291: 6290: 6281: 6280: 6271: 6270: 6261: 6260: 6058:Discovery system 6006:Archival science 5716:Types of library 5697: 5690: 5683: 5674: 5622: 5596: 5561: 5560: 5548: 5542: 5541: 5539: 5515: 5509: 5508: 5488: 5482: 5481: 5479: 5478: 5458: 5452: 5451: 5449: 5438: 5432: 5431: 5429: 5427: 5418:. Archived from 5416:The Red Notebook 5408: 5402: 5401: 5399: 5398: 5383: 5377: 5376: 5374: 5350: 5344: 5343: 5315: 5309: 5308: 5296: 5280: 5274: 5273: 5271: 5269: 5250: 5244: 5243: 5241: 5239: 5220: 5214: 5213: 5211: 5210: 5201:. Archived from 5191: 5185: 5184: 5182: 5180: 5161: 5155: 5154: 5136: 5130: 5123: 5117: 5116: 5114: 5112: 5097: 5091: 5090: 5088: 5087: 5078:. Archived from 5068: 5059: 5058: 5050: 5044: 5043: 5041: 5039: 5007: 4998: 4997: 4995: 4994: 4973: 4967: 4966: 4964: 4962: 4930: 4924: 4923: 4921: 4919: 4910:. Archived from 4908:Illinois Library 4899: 4893: 4892: 4890: 4888: 4879:. Archived from 4868: 4862: 4855: 4849: 4848: 4830: 4824: 4821: 4815: 4814: 4812: 4811: 4792: 4786: 4785: 4783: 4781: 4761: 4752: 4751: 4749: 4747: 4728: 4722: 4721: 4719: 4717: 4693: 4687: 4686: 4684: 4683: 4668: 4662: 4661: 4659: 4658: 4643: 4637: 4636: 4634: 4633: 4618: 4612: 4611: 4609: 4608: 4588: 4582: 4581: 4579: 4578: 4559: 4553: 4552: 4550: 4549: 4529: 4523: 4522: 4520: 4519: 4504: 4498: 4497: 4495: 4494: 4479: 4473: 4472: 4470: 4469: 4454: 4448: 4447: 4445: 4444: 4429: 4423: 4422: 4420: 4418: 4399: 4393: 4392: 4390: 4389: 4374: 4368: 4367: 4365: 4364: 4345: 4339: 4338: 4336: 4334: 4315: 4309: 4308: 4280: 4274: 4273: 4271: 4270: 4251: 4245: 4244: 4242: 4241: 4221: 4215: 4209: 4203: 4202: 4176: 4170: 4169: 4167: 4165: 4133: 4127: 4126: 4124: 4123: 4091: 4082: 4081: 4079: 4059: 4053: 4052: 4050: 4049: 4030: 4024: 4023: 4021: 4020: 4001: 3995: 3994: 3974: 3968: 3967: 3965: 3964: 3955:. Archived from 3949: 3943: 3942: 3940: 3939: 3930:. Archived from 3924: 3918: 3917: 3915: 3914: 3899: 3893: 3892: 3890: 3889: 3874: 3868: 3867: 3865: 3863: 3854:. 10 June 2008. 3844: 3838: 3837: 3835: 3834: 3815: 3809: 3808: 3782: 3776: 3775: 3773: 3772: 3757: 3751: 3750: 3748: 3747: 3732: 3726: 3725: 3723: 3722: 3707: 3701: 3700: 3698: 3697: 3682: 3676: 3675: 3673: 3672: 3657: 3648: 3647: 3639: 3633: 3632: 3614: 3608: 3607: 3605: 3604: 3589: 3583: 3582: 3576: 3568: 3552: 3546: 3545: 3543: 3542: 3527: 3521: 3520: 3510: 3470: 3464: 3463: 3461: 3460: 3434: 3410: 3404: 3403: 3363: 3357: 3343: 3337: 3336: 3334: 3332: 3323:. Archived from 3317: 3311: 3310: 3298: 3292: 3291: 3279: 3269: 3260: 3259: 3257: 3256: 3241: 3232: 3231: 3203: 3197: 3196: 3170: 3164: 3163: 3129: 3123: 3122: 3120: 3118: 3099: 3093: 3092: 3090: 3088: 3069: 3063: 3062: 3060: 3059: 3039: 3033: 3032: 3030: 3029: 3003: 2979: 2970: 2969: 2967: 2966: 2947: 2941: 2940: 2938: 2937: 2917: 2911: 2910: 2908: 2907: 2851: 2845: 2844: 2842: 2841: 2821: 2815: 2814: 2812: 2811: 2791: 2785: 2784: 2782: 2781: 2762: 2756: 2755: 2753: 2752: 2733: 2727: 2726: 2724: 2723: 2704: 2698: 2697: 2695: 2694: 2683:mblc.state.ma.us 2675: 2669: 2668: 2666: 2665: 2646: 2640: 2639: 2637: 2636: 2616: 2610: 2609: 2589: 2583: 2582: 2580: 2579: 2560: 2554: 2553: 2551: 2550: 2531: 2525: 2524: 2522: 2521: 2501: 2495: 2494: 2492: 2491: 2471: 2465: 2464: 2462: 2461: 2442: 2436: 2435: 2433: 2432: 2412: 2406: 2405: 2399: 2397: 2377: 2371: 2370: 2342: 2336: 2335: 2307: 2301: 2300: 2256: 2250: 2249: 2247: 2231: 2225: 2219: 2210: 2204: 2198: 2192: 2186: 2180: 2174: 2168: 2162: 2156: 2150: 2144: 2138: 2132: 2123: 2117: 2111: 2105: 2092: 2091: 2075: 2069: 2063: 2054: 2053: 2037: 2031: 2025: 2016: 2010: 2004: 2003: 1987: 1981: 1975: 1964: 1958: 1952: 1951: 1935: 1776:The Red Notebook 1747:, Czech Republic 1745:České Budějovice 1447:UJI Online Robot 1310:archival studies 1194:master's degrees 1039:academic library 1019:Academic library 1008:Public libraries 957:Changing economy 682:video recordings 524:Joseph Van Praet 302:public libraries 243:Greek literature 115:academic library 47: 40: 21: 6359: 6358: 6354: 6353: 6352: 6350: 6349: 6348: 6344:Library science 6324: 6323: 6322: 6317: 6249: 6216:Library schools 6160: 6139: 6083:Library history 5978:Library science 5972: 5906: 5872:Special library 5710: 5708:library science 5701: 5640:Wayback Machine 5629: 5619: 5606: 5582: 5570: 5568:Further reading 5565: 5564: 5550: 5549: 5545: 5517: 5516: 5512: 5490: 5489: 5485: 5476: 5474: 5460: 5459: 5455: 5447: 5440: 5439: 5435: 5425: 5423: 5422:on May 27, 2014 5410: 5409: 5405: 5396: 5394: 5385: 5384: 5380: 5352: 5351: 5347: 5317: 5316: 5312: 5305: 5282: 5281: 5277: 5267: 5265: 5252: 5251: 5247: 5237: 5235: 5222: 5221: 5217: 5208: 5206: 5193: 5192: 5188: 5178: 5176: 5163: 5162: 5158: 5151: 5138: 5137: 5133: 5124: 5120: 5110: 5108: 5099: 5098: 5094: 5085: 5083: 5070: 5069: 5062: 5052: 5051: 5047: 5037: 5035: 5009: 5008: 5001: 4992: 4990: 4975: 4974: 4970: 4960: 4958: 4932: 4931: 4927: 4917: 4915: 4901: 4900: 4896: 4886: 4884: 4870: 4869: 4865: 4856: 4852: 4845: 4832: 4831: 4827: 4822: 4818: 4809: 4807: 4794: 4793: 4789: 4779: 4777: 4763: 4762: 4755: 4745: 4743: 4730: 4729: 4725: 4715: 4713: 4695: 4694: 4690: 4681: 4679: 4670: 4669: 4665: 4656: 4654: 4645: 4644: 4640: 4631: 4629: 4620: 4619: 4615: 4606: 4604: 4591: 4589: 4585: 4576: 4574: 4561: 4560: 4556: 4547: 4545: 4531: 4530: 4526: 4517: 4515: 4506: 4505: 4501: 4492: 4490: 4481: 4480: 4476: 4467: 4465: 4456: 4455: 4451: 4442: 4440: 4435:. Arlisna.org. 4431: 4430: 4426: 4416: 4414: 4401: 4400: 4396: 4387: 4385: 4376: 4375: 4371: 4362: 4360: 4347: 4346: 4342: 4332: 4330: 4317: 4316: 4312: 4282: 4281: 4277: 4268: 4266: 4253: 4252: 4248: 4239: 4237: 4223: 4222: 4218: 4210: 4206: 4199: 4178: 4177: 4173: 4163: 4161: 4135: 4134: 4130: 4121: 4119: 4106:(12): 705–709. 4093: 4092: 4085: 4061: 4060: 4056: 4047: 4045: 4032: 4031: 4027: 4018: 4016: 4003: 4002: 3998: 3976: 3975: 3971: 3962: 3960: 3951: 3950: 3946: 3937: 3935: 3926: 3925: 3921: 3912: 3910: 3901: 3900: 3896: 3887: 3885: 3876: 3875: 3871: 3861: 3859: 3846: 3845: 3841: 3832: 3830: 3817: 3816: 3812: 3797: 3784: 3783: 3779: 3770: 3768: 3759: 3758: 3754: 3745: 3743: 3734: 3733: 3729: 3720: 3718: 3709: 3708: 3704: 3695: 3693: 3684: 3683: 3679: 3670: 3668: 3659: 3658: 3651: 3641: 3640: 3636: 3629: 3616: 3615: 3611: 3602: 3600: 3591: 3590: 3586: 3569: 3554: 3553: 3549: 3540: 3538: 3535:The Sunday News 3529: 3528: 3524: 3472: 3471: 3467: 3458: 3456: 3412: 3411: 3407: 3365: 3364: 3360: 3344: 3340: 3330: 3328: 3319: 3318: 3314: 3300: 3299: 3295: 3288: 3271: 3270: 3263: 3254: 3252: 3243: 3242: 3235: 3214:(78): 149–165. 3205: 3204: 3200: 3193: 3172: 3171: 3167: 3152: 3131: 3130: 3126: 3116: 3114: 3101: 3100: 3096: 3086: 3084: 3071: 3070: 3066: 3057: 3055: 3048:Library Journal 3041: 3040: 3036: 3027: 3025: 2981: 2980: 2973: 2964: 2962: 2949: 2948: 2944: 2935: 2933: 2919: 2918: 2914: 2905: 2903: 2853: 2852: 2848: 2839: 2837: 2830:Library Journal 2823: 2822: 2818: 2809: 2807: 2793: 2792: 2788: 2779: 2777: 2764: 2763: 2759: 2750: 2748: 2735: 2734: 2730: 2721: 2719: 2706: 2705: 2701: 2692: 2690: 2677: 2676: 2672: 2663: 2661: 2648: 2647: 2643: 2634: 2632: 2618: 2617: 2613: 2591: 2590: 2586: 2577: 2575: 2562: 2561: 2557: 2548: 2546: 2533: 2532: 2528: 2519: 2517: 2503: 2502: 2498: 2489: 2487: 2473: 2472: 2468: 2459: 2457: 2444: 2443: 2439: 2430: 2428: 2421:Library Journal 2415:Riley, Elliot. 2414: 2413: 2409: 2395: 2393: 2379: 2378: 2374: 2344: 2343: 2339: 2312:Library History 2309: 2308: 2304: 2258: 2257: 2253: 2233: 2232: 2228: 2220: 2213: 2205: 2201: 2193: 2189: 2181: 2177: 2169: 2165: 2157: 2153: 2145: 2141: 2133: 2126: 2118: 2114: 2106: 2095: 2077: 2076: 2072: 2064: 2057: 2044:. H.W. Wilson. 2039: 2038: 2034: 2026: 2019: 2011: 2007: 1994:. McGraw-Hill. 1989: 1988: 1984: 1976: 1967: 1959: 1955: 1942:. R.R. Bowker. 1937: 1936: 1932: 1927: 1922: 1843: 1829:The library at 1827: 1788:librarians, in 1772:Alice Hagemeyer 1764: 1755: 1737: 1725: 1719: 1717:Popular culture 1665: 1598: 1582: 1488: 1459: 1395:of the prefix " 1374: 1338: 1275:, which covers 1265: 1245: 1176:Graduates with 1166:library science 1158: 1132: 1092: 1090:Special library 1061: 1021: 1005: 974: 946: 937: 841:special library 821: 714: 643: 635:Library Journal 588:contact tracers 562: 538: 433:National Museum 421: 413:library catalog 366:Bibliothecarius 327: 179: 174: 127: 119:special library 107: 105: 87: 70: 69:Occupation type 50: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6357: 6355: 6347: 6346: 6341: 6336: 6326: 6325: 6319: 6318: 6316: 6315: 6305: 6295: 6285: 6275: 6265: 6254: 6251: 6250: 6248: 6247: 6246: 6245: 6235: 6234: 6233: 6228: 6218: 6213: 6208: 6207: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6170: 6168: 6162: 6161: 6159: 6158: 6153: 6147: 6145: 6141: 6140: 6138: 6137: 6132: 6127: 6126: 6125: 6120: 6110: 6105: 6100: 6095: 6090: 6085: 6080: 6075: 6070: 6065: 6060: 6055: 6050: 6045: 6040: 6038:Classification 6035: 6030: 6029: 6028: 6023: 6013: 6008: 6003: 5998: 5993: 5988: 5982: 5980: 5974: 5973: 5971: 5970: 5965: 5963:Informationist 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5944: 5943: 5933: 5928: 5923: 5917: 5915: 5908: 5907: 5905: 5904: 5899: 5897:Transportation 5894: 5889: 5884: 5879: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5863: 5862: 5857: 5847: 5842: 5841: 5840: 5830: 5825: 5820: 5819: 5818: 5808: 5803: 5798: 5793: 5788: 5783: 5778: 5773: 5768: 5763: 5762: 5761: 5751: 5746: 5741: 5736: 5731: 5726: 5720: 5718: 5712: 5711: 5702: 5700: 5699: 5692: 5685: 5677: 5671: 5670: 5658: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5628: 5627:External links 5625: 5624: 5623: 5617: 5604: 5597: 5580: 5569: 5566: 5563: 5562: 5543: 5510: 5499:(6): 560–562. 5483: 5453: 5433: 5403: 5378: 5365:(4): 367–377. 5345: 5326:(6): 845–853. 5310: 5303: 5275: 5245: 5215: 5186: 5156: 5149: 5131: 5118: 5092: 5060: 5045: 4999: 4968: 4925: 4894: 4863: 4850: 4843: 4837:. Oryx Press. 4825: 4816: 4787: 4753: 4723: 4688: 4663: 4638: 4613: 4583: 4554: 4524: 4499: 4474: 4449: 4424: 4394: 4369: 4340: 4310: 4291:(3): 283–297. 4275: 4246: 4216: 4214:, p. 230. 4204: 4197: 4171: 4148:(3): 209–211. 4128: 4083: 4054: 4025: 3996: 3985:(3): 807–813. 3969: 3944: 3919: 3894: 3869: 3839: 3825:. 2006-09-06. 3810: 3795: 3777: 3752: 3727: 3702: 3677: 3649: 3634: 3627: 3609: 3584: 3547: 3522: 3465: 3405: 3378:(4): 412–429. 3358: 3338: 3312: 3293: 3286: 3261: 3233: 3198: 3191: 3165: 3150: 3142:10.1201/b22444 3124: 3094: 3064: 3034: 2971: 2955:dcdm.doody.com 2942: 2912: 2846: 2816: 2786: 2757: 2728: 2714:. 2020-05-12. 2699: 2670: 2641: 2611: 2584: 2555: 2541:. 2020-06-01. 2526: 2496: 2466: 2437: 2407: 2372: 2353:(3): 195–209. 2337: 2302: 2273:10.1086/223790 2267:(2): 137–158. 2251: 2226: 2224:, p. 112. 2222:Mukherjee 1966 2211: 2209:, p. 110. 2207:Mukherjee 1966 2199: 2197:, p. 108. 2195:Mukherjee 1966 2187: 2185:, p. 107. 2183:Mukherjee 1966 2175: 2173:, p. 106. 2171:Mukherjee 1966 2163: 2161:, p. 105. 2159:Mukherjee 1966 2151: 2149:, p. 104. 2147:Mukherjee 1966 2139: 2135:Mukherjee 1966 2124: 2112: 2108:Mukherjee 1966 2093: 2070: 2055: 2032: 2017: 2005: 1982: 1978:Mukherjee 1966 1965: 1953: 1929: 1928: 1926: 1923: 1921: 1920: 1915: 1910: 1905: 1903:Library school 1900: 1895: 1890: 1885: 1880: 1875: 1870: 1865: 1860: 1855: 1850: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1826: 1825:Deaf libraries 1823: 1816:Conference in 1763: 1760: 1736: 1733: 1721:Main article: 1718: 1715: 1686:Librarians in 1664: 1661: 1597: 1594: 1581: 1578: 1494:(ALA) and the 1487: 1484: 1468:New York Times 1458: 1455: 1445:developed the 1412:MARC standards 1373: 1370: 1337: 1334: 1264: 1261: 1244: 1241: 1154:Main article: 1131: 1128: 1091: 1088: 1065:school library 1060: 1059:School library 1057: 1020: 1017: 1004: 1003:Public library 1001: 973: 970: 969: 968: 964: 963: 959: 958: 954: 953: 945: 942: 936: 933: 932: 931: 928: 925: 922: 919: 916: 913: 902: 899: 896: 890: 887: 884: 881: 878: 875: 872: 869: 862: 851: 820: 817: 789:Rio de Janeiro 773:reference desk 713: 710: 642: 639: 561: 558: 537: 534: 488:Samuel Hartlib 450:Conrad Gessner 420: 417: 408:Western Europe 326: 323: 282:Roman Republic 178: 175: 173: 170: 142: 141: 128: 125: 122: 121: 111:Public library 108: 103: 100: 99: 88: 85: 82: 81: 77: 76: 71: 68: 65: 64: 61: 57: 56: 52: 51: 48: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6356: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6337: 6335: 6332: 6331: 6329: 6314: 6306: 6304: 6296: 6294: 6286: 6284: 6276: 6274: 6266: 6264: 6256: 6255: 6252: 6244: 6241: 6240: 6239: 6236: 6232: 6229: 6227: 6224: 6223: 6222: 6219: 6217: 6214: 6212: 6209: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6176: 6175: 6172: 6171: 6169: 6167: 6163: 6157: 6154: 6152: 6149: 6148: 6146: 6142: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6124: 6121: 6119: 6116: 6115: 6114: 6111: 6109: 6106: 6104: 6101: 6099: 6096: 6094: 6091: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6078:Legal deposit 6076: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6066: 6064: 6061: 6059: 6056: 6054: 6051: 6049: 6046: 6044: 6041: 6039: 6036: 6034: 6031: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6018: 6017: 6014: 6012: 6009: 6007: 6004: 6002: 5999: 5997: 5994: 5992: 5989: 5987: 5984: 5983: 5981: 5979: 5975: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5942: 5939: 5938: 5937: 5934: 5932: 5929: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5918: 5916: 5914: 5909: 5903: 5900: 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5875: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5853: 5852: 5851: 5848: 5846: 5843: 5839: 5836: 5835: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5817: 5814: 5813: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5804: 5802: 5799: 5797: 5794: 5792: 5789: 5787: 5784: 5782: 5779: 5777: 5774: 5772: 5769: 5767: 5764: 5760: 5757: 5756: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5747: 5745: 5742: 5740: 5737: 5735: 5732: 5730: 5727: 5725: 5722: 5721: 5719: 5717: 5713: 5709: 5705: 5698: 5693: 5691: 5686: 5684: 5679: 5678: 5675: 5668: 5664: 5663: 5659: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5637: 5634: 5631: 5630: 5626: 5620: 5614: 5610: 5605: 5602: 5598: 5594: 5590: 5586: 5581: 5578: 5577: 5572: 5571: 5567: 5558: 5554: 5547: 5544: 5538: 5533: 5529: 5525: 5521: 5514: 5511: 5506: 5502: 5498: 5494: 5487: 5484: 5472: 5468: 5464: 5457: 5454: 5446: 5445: 5437: 5434: 5421: 5417: 5413: 5407: 5404: 5392: 5388: 5382: 5379: 5373: 5368: 5364: 5360: 5356: 5349: 5346: 5341: 5337: 5333: 5329: 5325: 5321: 5314: 5311: 5306: 5300: 5295: 5290: 5286: 5279: 5276: 5263: 5259: 5255: 5249: 5246: 5233: 5229: 5225: 5219: 5216: 5205:on 2016-12-28 5204: 5200: 5196: 5190: 5187: 5174: 5170: 5166: 5160: 5157: 5152: 5150:9780549783107 5146: 5143: 5142: 5135: 5132: 5128: 5122: 5119: 5106: 5102: 5096: 5093: 5082:on 2017-03-20 5081: 5077: 5073: 5067: 5065: 5061: 5056: 5049: 5046: 5033: 5029: 5025: 5021: 5017: 5013: 5006: 5004: 5000: 4988: 4984: 4983: 4978: 4972: 4969: 4956: 4952: 4948: 4944: 4940: 4936: 4929: 4926: 4913: 4909: 4905: 4898: 4895: 4882: 4878: 4874: 4867: 4864: 4861: 4854: 4851: 4846: 4840: 4836: 4829: 4826: 4820: 4817: 4805: 4801: 4797: 4791: 4788: 4775: 4771: 4767: 4760: 4758: 4754: 4741: 4737: 4733: 4727: 4724: 4711: 4707: 4703: 4699: 4692: 4689: 4677: 4673: 4667: 4664: 4653:on 2017-10-11 4652: 4648: 4642: 4639: 4628:on 2017-03-20 4627: 4623: 4617: 4614: 4602: 4598: 4594: 4587: 4584: 4572: 4568: 4564: 4558: 4555: 4543: 4539: 4535: 4528: 4525: 4514:on 2017-03-16 4513: 4509: 4503: 4500: 4488: 4484: 4478: 4475: 4463: 4459: 4453: 4450: 4438: 4434: 4428: 4425: 4412: 4408: 4404: 4398: 4395: 4383: 4379: 4373: 4370: 4358: 4354: 4350: 4344: 4341: 4328: 4324: 4320: 4314: 4311: 4306: 4302: 4298: 4294: 4290: 4286: 4279: 4276: 4264: 4260: 4256: 4250: 4247: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4220: 4217: 4213: 4208: 4205: 4200: 4194: 4190: 4186: 4182: 4175: 4172: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4147: 4143: 4139: 4132: 4129: 4117: 4113: 4109: 4105: 4101: 4097: 4090: 4088: 4084: 4078: 4073: 4069: 4065: 4058: 4055: 4044:on 2008-10-06 4043: 4039: 4035: 4029: 4026: 4015:on 2008-08-30 4014: 4010: 4006: 4000: 3997: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3973: 3970: 3959:on 2013-12-03 3958: 3954: 3948: 3945: 3934:on 2012-01-18 3933: 3929: 3923: 3920: 3908: 3904: 3898: 3895: 3883: 3879: 3873: 3870: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3843: 3840: 3828: 3824: 3820: 3814: 3811: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3796:9780810858992 3792: 3788: 3781: 3778: 3766: 3762: 3756: 3753: 3741: 3737: 3731: 3728: 3716: 3712: 3706: 3703: 3691: 3687: 3681: 3678: 3666: 3662: 3656: 3654: 3650: 3645: 3638: 3635: 3630: 3624: 3620: 3613: 3610: 3599:on 2007-04-20 3598: 3594: 3588: 3585: 3580: 3574: 3566: 3562: 3558: 3551: 3548: 3536: 3532: 3526: 3523: 3518: 3514: 3509: 3504: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3484: 3480: 3476: 3469: 3466: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3433: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3409: 3406: 3401: 3397: 3393: 3389: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3369: 3362: 3359: 3356: 3355:1-57387-129-X 3352: 3348: 3342: 3339: 3326: 3322: 3316: 3313: 3308: 3304: 3297: 3294: 3289: 3283: 3278: 3277: 3268: 3266: 3262: 3250: 3246: 3240: 3238: 3234: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3202: 3199: 3194: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3177:. Routledge. 3176: 3169: 3166: 3161: 3157: 3153: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3128: 3125: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3098: 3095: 3082: 3078: 3074: 3068: 3065: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3038: 3035: 3023: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3002: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2978: 2976: 2972: 2960: 2956: 2952: 2946: 2943: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2916: 2913: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2866:(1): 90–102. 2865: 2861: 2857: 2850: 2847: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2824:Dar, Mahnaz. 2820: 2817: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2790: 2787: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2761: 2758: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2732: 2729: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2703: 2700: 2688: 2684: 2680: 2674: 2671: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2645: 2642: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2615: 2612: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2588: 2585: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2559: 2556: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2530: 2527: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2500: 2497: 2485: 2481: 2477: 2470: 2467: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2441: 2438: 2426: 2422: 2418: 2411: 2408: 2404: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2376: 2373: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2341: 2338: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2306: 2303: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2266: 2262: 2255: 2252: 2246: 2241: 2237: 2230: 2227: 2223: 2218: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2203: 2200: 2196: 2191: 2188: 2184: 2179: 2176: 2172: 2167: 2164: 2160: 2155: 2152: 2148: 2143: 2140: 2137:, p. 96. 2136: 2131: 2129: 2125: 2122:, p. 45. 2121: 2116: 2113: 2110:, p. 88. 2109: 2104: 2102: 2100: 2098: 2094: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2074: 2071: 2068:, p. 39. 2067: 2062: 2060: 2056: 2051: 2047: 2043: 2036: 2033: 2030:, p. 38. 2029: 2024: 2022: 2018: 2015:, p. 37. 2014: 2009: 2006: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1986: 1983: 1980:, p. 75. 1979: 1974: 1972: 1970: 1966: 1963:, p. 36. 1962: 1957: 1954: 1949: 1945: 1941: 1934: 1931: 1924: 1919: 1916: 1914: 1911: 1909: 1906: 1904: 1901: 1899: 1896: 1894: 1891: 1889: 1886: 1884: 1881: 1879: 1876: 1874: 1871: 1869: 1866: 1864: 1861: 1859: 1856: 1854: 1851: 1849: 1846: 1845: 1840: 1838: 1834: 1832: 1824: 1819: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1803: 1799: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1777: 1773: 1768: 1762:United States 1761: 1759: 1754: 1746: 1741: 1734: 1732: 1729: 1724: 1716: 1714: 1712: 1707: 1705: 1700: 1693: 1689: 1684: 1680: 1676: 1673: 1669: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1614: 1612: 1606: 1602: 1596:United States 1595: 1591: 1586: 1579: 1577: 1575: 1569: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1554: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1535: 1533: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1486:United States 1485: 1481: 1477: 1474: 1470: 1469: 1463: 1456: 1454: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1439: 1437: 1433: 1428: 1425: 1421: 1416: 1413: 1409: 1404: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1386: 1385:Austin, Texas 1382: 1378: 1371: 1369: 1365: 1363: 1357: 1355: 1347: 1342: 1335: 1333: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1281:United States 1278: 1274: 1269: 1263:North America 1262: 1260: 1257: 1255: 1251: 1242: 1240: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1225:undergraduate 1222: 1218: 1214: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1195: 1190: 1188: 1184: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1157: 1150: 1146: 1140: 1136: 1129: 1127: 1125: 1121: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1096: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1071: 1066: 1058: 1056: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1040: 1033: 1032:Dallas, Texas 1029: 1025: 1018: 1016: 1014: 1009: 1002: 1000: 998: 994: 990: 982: 978: 971: 966: 965: 961: 960: 956: 955: 951: 950: 949: 943: 941: 934: 929: 926: 923: 920: 917: 914: 908: 903: 900: 897: 895: 891: 888: 885: 882: 879: 876: 873: 870: 867: 863: 860: 856: 852: 849: 848: 847: 844: 842: 833: 829: 828:Justin Winsor 825: 818: 816: 812: 809: 803: 801: 794: 790: 785: 781: 779: 774: 769: 765: 761: 757: 755: 749: 747: 743: 735: 730: 723: 718: 711: 709: 705: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 671: 666: 664: 660: 652: 647: 640: 638: 636: 632: 628: 624: 620: 616: 612: 608: 604: 600: 595: 593: 589: 584: 581: 577: 570: 566: 559: 557: 553: 547: 542: 535: 533: 531: 530: 525: 521: 516: 514: 510: 509: 506: 501: 500:Thomas Bodley 496: 494: 489: 485: 481: 479: 475: 471: 470:Gabriel Naudé 467: 463: 459: 455: 454:Gabriel Naudé 451: 447: 446: 438: 434: 430: 425: 418: 416: 414: 409: 405: 401: 397: 392: 390: 386: 382: 377: 375: 371: 367: 363: 359: 355: 352: 348: 344: 340: 331: 324: 322: 320: 316: 312: 307: 303: 299: 295: 291: 287: 283: 278: 276: 272: 268: 264: 260: 256: 252: 248: 244: 240: 236: 233:, created by 232: 225: 221: 217: 215: 211: 207: 203: 199: 195: 190: 188: 184: 176: 171: 169: 167: 163: 159: 157: 153: 149: 140: 136: 132: 129: 123: 120: 116: 112: 109: 101: 97: 93: 89: 83: 78: 75: 72: 66: 62: 58: 53: 46: 41: 33: 19: 6103:Preservation 6053:Conservation 6001:Acquisitions 5912: 5882:Subscription 5811:Presidential 5661: 5608: 5600: 5584: 5574: 5556: 5552: 5546: 5527: 5523: 5513: 5496: 5492: 5486: 5475:. Retrieved 5466: 5456: 5443: 5436: 5424:. Retrieved 5420:the original 5415: 5406: 5395:. Retrieved 5381: 5362: 5358: 5348: 5323: 5319: 5313: 5284: 5278: 5266:. Retrieved 5257: 5248: 5236:. Retrieved 5227: 5218: 5207:. Retrieved 5203:the original 5198: 5189: 5177:. Retrieved 5168: 5159: 5140: 5134: 5126: 5121: 5109:. Retrieved 5095: 5084:. Retrieved 5080:the original 5075: 5054: 5048: 5036:. Retrieved 5022:(1): 51–65. 5019: 5015: 4991:. Retrieved 4980: 4971: 4959:. Retrieved 4945:(4): 67–72. 4942: 4938: 4928: 4916:. Retrieved 4912:the original 4907: 4897: 4885:. Retrieved 4881:the original 4876: 4866: 4858: 4853: 4834: 4828: 4819: 4808:. Retrieved 4799: 4790: 4778:. Retrieved 4769: 4744:. Retrieved 4735: 4726: 4714:. Retrieved 4705: 4701: 4691: 4680:. Retrieved 4666: 4655:. Retrieved 4651:the original 4641: 4630:. Retrieved 4626:the original 4616: 4605:. Retrieved 4596: 4586: 4575:. Retrieved 4566: 4557: 4546:. Retrieved 4537: 4527: 4516:. Retrieved 4512:the original 4502: 4491:. Retrieved 4477: 4466:. Retrieved 4452: 4441:. Retrieved 4427: 4415:. Retrieved 4406: 4397: 4386:. Retrieved 4372: 4361:. Retrieved 4352: 4343: 4331:. Retrieved 4322: 4313: 4288: 4284: 4278: 4267:. Retrieved 4258: 4249: 4238:. Retrieved 4229: 4219: 4207: 4180: 4174: 4162:. Retrieved 4145: 4141: 4131: 4120:. Retrieved 4103: 4100:Technovation 4099: 4068:First Monday 4067: 4057: 4046:. Retrieved 4042:the original 4037: 4028: 4017:. Retrieved 4013:the original 4008: 3999: 3982: 3978: 3972: 3961:. Retrieved 3957:the original 3947: 3936:. Retrieved 3932:the original 3922: 3911:. Retrieved 3897: 3886:. Retrieved 3872: 3862:18 September 3860:. Retrieved 3851: 3842: 3831:. Retrieved 3822: 3813: 3786: 3780: 3769:. Retrieved 3755: 3744:. Retrieved 3730: 3719:. Retrieved 3705: 3694:. Retrieved 3680: 3669:. Retrieved 3643: 3637: 3618: 3612: 3601:. Retrieved 3597:the original 3587: 3573:cite journal 3564: 3560: 3550: 3539:. Retrieved 3537:. 2023-06-17 3534: 3525: 3485:(2): 87–90. 3482: 3478: 3468: 3457:. Retrieved 3422: 3418: 3408: 3375: 3371: 3361: 3346: 3341: 3329:. Retrieved 3325:the original 3315: 3306: 3302: 3296: 3275: 3253:. Retrieved 3211: 3207: 3201: 3174: 3168: 3133: 3127: 3115:. Retrieved 3106: 3097: 3085:. Retrieved 3076: 3067: 3056:. Retrieved 3047: 3042:Peet, Lisa. 3037: 3026:. Retrieved 2994:(1): 35–45. 2991: 2987: 2963:. Retrieved 2954: 2945: 2934:. Retrieved 2925: 2915: 2904:. Retrieved 2863: 2859: 2849: 2838:. Retrieved 2829: 2819: 2808:. Retrieved 2799: 2789: 2778:. Retrieved 2769: 2760: 2749:. Retrieved 2740: 2731: 2720:. Retrieved 2711: 2702: 2691:. Retrieved 2682: 2673: 2662:. Retrieved 2653: 2644: 2633:. Retrieved 2624: 2614: 2597: 2587: 2576:. Retrieved 2567: 2558: 2547:. Retrieved 2538: 2529: 2518:. Retrieved 2509: 2499: 2488:. Retrieved 2479: 2469: 2458:. Retrieved 2449: 2440: 2429:. Retrieved 2420: 2410: 2401: 2394:. Retrieved 2386:The Guardian 2385: 2375: 2350: 2346: 2340: 2318:(1): 17–40. 2315: 2311: 2305: 2264: 2260: 2254: 2235: 2229: 2202: 2190: 2178: 2166: 2154: 2142: 2115: 2079: 2073: 2041: 2035: 2008: 1991: 1985: 1956: 1939: 1933: 1835: 1828: 1807: 1801: 1795: 1775: 1769: 1765: 1756: 1753:Deaf culture 1726: 1710: 1708: 1703: 1701: 1697: 1677: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1642: 1638:Barack Obama 1634:Carla Hayden 1615: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1570: 1565: 1555: 1536: 1489: 1475: 1466: 1440: 1429: 1417: 1405: 1389: 1366: 1358: 1351: 1298: 1258: 1246: 1235:management, 1215: 1191: 1159: 1093: 1062: 1036: 1006: 985: 947: 938: 845: 837: 813: 804: 797: 770: 766: 762: 758: 750: 738: 706: 680:; audio and 667: 662: 656: 596: 594:for a time. 585: 573: 554: 550: 527: 517: 512: 507: 504: 503: 497: 482: 473: 465: 443: 441: 429:Georg Reimer 393: 388: 378: 373: 365: 336: 286:Roman Empire 279: 263:Aristophanes 255:Eratosthenes 228: 194:Ashurbanipal 191: 186: 180: 164: 160: 147: 145: 126:Related jobs 6313:WikiProject 6033:Circulation 5559:(1): 51–56. 5530:(3): 5–12. 5179:27 February 4323:3DPrint.com 4005:"Librarian" 3425:(1): 1–27. 3103:"Librarian" 2396:December 9, 2297:10025286236 1863:Bookselling 1728:Stereotypes 1539:Patriot Act 1451:3D printers 1393:portmanteau 1326:Beta Phi Mu 1293:Puerto Rico 1100:law library 1080:Law library 894:pathfinders 778:periodicals 752:additional 732:Patrons at 686:manuscripts 574:During the 396:Renaissance 389:bibliophile 370:classicists 358:scriptorium 343:institution 339:monasteries 271:Callimachus 267:Aristarchus 206:Mesopotamia 80:Description 6334:Librarians 6328:Categories 6238:Archivists 6221:Librarians 6179:by country 6016:Cataloging 6011:Assessment 5749:Consortium 5739:Children's 5477:2021-04-29 5412:"Homepage" 5397:2014-06-06 5294:1794/18775 5209:2014-02-27 5086:2014-02-27 4993:2016-08-25 4810:2016-10-25 4780:25 October 4746:25 October 4682:2010-04-24 4657:2010-04-24 4632:2010-04-24 4607:2012-07-23 4577:2012-07-23 4548:2012-07-23 4518:2010-04-24 4493:2010-04-24 4468:2010-04-24 4443:2010-04-24 4403:"Homepage" 4388:2010-04-24 4363:2011-09-01 4269:2017-12-29 4240:2017-12-29 4212:Rubin 2010 4154:1113803059 4122:2019-09-24 4048:2008-09-01 4019:2008-09-01 3991:A182975273 3963:2011-10-10 3938:2011-10-10 3913:2011-10-10 3888:2008-09-01 3833:2021-10-28 3771:2008-09-01 3746:2008-09-01 3721:2008-09-01 3696:2008-09-01 3671:2008-09-01 3603:2008-09-01 3541:2023-07-04 3459:2021-09-21 3255:2008-09-01 3160:1019663034 3058:2021-11-04 3028:2021-11-04 2965:2021-11-04 2936:2021-11-04 2906:2021-11-04 2840:2021-11-04 2810:2021-11-04 2780:2020-10-29 2751:2020-10-29 2722:2020-10-29 2693:2020-10-29 2664:2020-10-29 2635:2020-10-29 2578:2020-10-29 2549:2020-10-29 2520:2020-10-29 2490:2020-10-29 2460:2020-10-29 2431:2020-10-29 2120:Rubin 2010 2066:Rubin 2010 2050:1151086485 2028:Rubin 2010 2013:Rubin 2010 1961:Rubin 2010 1925:References 1547:censorship 1424:digitizing 1372:Technology 1277:librarians 1203:management 972:Workplaces 859:government 808:cataloging 742:Archivists 678:newspapers 592:furloughed 580:SARS-CoV-2 536:Modern era 508:Bodleianus 472:published 362:Anastasias 337:Christian 319:grammarian 306:propaganda 259:Apollonius 210:Babylonian 196:, King of 158:to users. 106:employment 74:Profession 55:Occupation 27:Profession 18:Librarians 6231:fictional 6194:destroyed 6174:Libraries 6113:Reference 6073:Inventory 5986:Five laws 5926:E-science 5913:librarian 5911:Types of 5902:Traveling 5744:Christian 5704:Libraries 5593:574730175 4708:: 39–48. 4460:. CILIP. 3499:1536-5050 3449:236603090 3441:1911-9593 3400:216228849 3392:0193-0826 3228:219622873 3073:"Library" 3018:248631682 3010:2652-5453 2896:232037374 2880:1540-9597 2794:L, Sara. 2367:218688858 2332:145522426 2289:144933553 2245:2142/3901 2088:560931943 2000:576256876 1948:578347151 1858:Archivist 1790:São Paulo 1688:Chernihiv 1356:(ALIA). 1170:doctorate 1130:Education 1122:, or the 892:Creating 834:, c. 1885 674:magazines 611:Infodemic 484:John Dury 478:monograph 458:John Dury 404:Boccaccio 374:librarius 351:parchment 251:Zenodotus 247:Demetrius 235:Ptolemy I 183:Sumerians 148:librarian 131:Archivist 104:Fields of 38:Librarian 6293:Glossary 6204:national 5941:ensemble 5845:Research 5838:Carnegie 5806:National 5791:Medicine 5724:Academic 5636:Archived 5505:EJ506967 5471:Archived 5391:Archived 5340:69633320 5262:Archived 5232:Archived 5199:libr.org 5173:Archived 5105:Archived 5076:libr.org 5032:Archived 5028:25548798 4987:Archived 4955:Archived 4951:25685078 4804:Archived 4774:Archived 4740:Archived 4716:29 April 4710:Archived 4676:Archived 4601:Archived 4571:Archived 4542:Archived 4487:Archived 4485:. IFLA. 4462:Archived 4437:Archived 4411:Archived 4382:Archived 4380:. ACRL. 4357:Archived 4333:30 March 4327:Archived 4263:Archived 4234:Archived 4164:29 April 4158:Archived 4150:ProQuest 4116:Archived 3907:Archived 3882:Archived 3856:Archived 3827:Archived 3805:74029187 3765:Archived 3740:Archived 3715:Archived 3690:Archived 3665:Archived 3517:25918488 3453:Archived 3331:April 1, 3309:(9): 42. 3249:Archived 3117:14 March 3111:Archived 3087:14 March 3081:Archived 3052:Archived 3022:Archived 2959:Archived 2930:Archived 2900:Archived 2888:33625329 2834:Archived 2804:Archived 2774:Archived 2745:Archived 2716:Archived 2687:Archived 2658:Archived 2629:Archived 2572:Archived 2543:Archived 2514:Archived 2484:Archived 2454:Archived 2425:Archived 2390:Archived 1841:See also 1818:Brasília 1792:, Brazil 1541:and the 1506:and the 1502:and the 1346:Canberra 1252:and the 1233:database 861:offices. 746:archival 694:Internet 684:; maps; 631:COVID-19 625:and the 619:COVID-19 400:Petrarch 298:Lucullus 60:Synonyms 6303:Outline 6283:Commons 6199:medical 6189:ancient 6184:by size 6144:History 6135:Weeding 6118:virtual 6021:catalog 5860:virtual 5828:Private 5776:Lending 5754:Digital 5729:Archive 5669:, 1911. 5268:2 March 5258:ala.org 5238:2 March 5228:ala.org 5169:ala.org 5111:21 June 4961:June 7, 4918:June 7, 4887:June 7, 4353:ala.org 4305:4261296 4259:loc.gov 4230:loc.gov 3508:4404861 3321:"YALSA" 2480:NPR.org 2403:44,501. 2281:2775206 1868:Curator 1692:Ukraine 1551:privacy 1436:e-books 1336:Oceania 1279:in the 1082:at the 754:vetting 381:jurists 311:praetor 275:pinakes 202:Nineveh 198:Assyria 172:History 152:library 135:curator 6123:roving 5953:School 5877:Street 5850:School 5833:Public 5823:Prison 5796:Mobile 5766:Hybrid 5759:shadow 5734:Branch 5615: 5591: 5503: 5469:(62). 5426:May 4, 5338: 5301: 5147: 5038:May 4, 5026: 4949: 4841: 4417:May 4, 4378:"ACRL" 4303: 4195: 4152: 3989: 3803: 3793: 3625: 3515: 3505: 3497: 3447: 3439: 3398: 3390: 3353: 3284: 3226: 3189: 3158: 3148: 3016: 3008: 2894: 2886: 2878: 2365: 2330: 2295: 2287: 2279: 2086: 2048: 1998: 1946: 1657:Sweden 1655:1988, 1510:. The 1397:cyber- 1291:) and 1289:Quebec 1285:Canada 1243:Europe 1118:, the 1114:, the 866:novels 793:Brazil 692:; and 653:, 1946 460:, and 437:Warsaw 294:Cicero 269:, and 6243:women 6226:women 6166:Lists 5936:Music 5801:Music 5448:(PDF) 5336:S2CID 5024:JSTOR 4947:JSTOR 4301:S2CID 3445:S2CID 3396:S2CID 3224:S2CID 3014:S2CID 2892:S2CID 2363:S2CID 2328:S2CID 2285:S2CID 2277:JSTOR 1590:Texas 1443:Spain 1408:OPACs 1209:, or 670:books 663:liber 659:books 546:Paris 354:codex 347:codex 214:omens 6026:OPAC 5887:Tool 5816:U.S. 5706:and 5613:ISBN 5589:OCLC 5501:ERIC 5428:2022 5299:ISBN 5270:2014 5240:2014 5181:2014 5145:ISBN 5113:2012 5040:2022 4963:2022 4920:2022 4889:2022 4839:ISBN 4782:2020 4748:2016 4718:2021 4419:2022 4335:2015 4193:ISBN 4166:2021 3987:Gale 3864:2014 3801:OCLC 3791:ISBN 3623:ISBN 3579:link 3513:PMID 3495:ISSN 3437:ISSN 3388:ISSN 3351:ISBN 3333:2011 3282:ISBN 3187:ISBN 3156:OCLC 3146:ISBN 3119:2021 3089:2021 3006:ISSN 2884:PMID 2876:ISSN 2712:KUNC 2398:2016 2293:NAID 2084:OCLC 2046:OCLC 1996:OCLC 1944:OCLC 1549:and 1434:and 1420:RFID 1178:PhDs 857:and 605:and 522:and 402:and 394:The 317:, a 229:The 181:The 5931:Law 5892:Toy 5786:Map 5771:Law 5532:doi 5367:doi 5328:doi 5289:hdl 4293:doi 4185:doi 4108:doi 4072:doi 3503:PMC 3487:doi 3483:103 3427:doi 3380:doi 3216:doi 3179:doi 3138:doi 2996:doi 2868:doi 2602:doi 2355:doi 2320:doi 2269:doi 2240:hdl 1199:law 1164:in 1037:An 1030:in 435:in 204:in 96:MBA 6330:: 5557:56 5555:. 5528:22 5526:. 5522:. 5497:26 5495:. 5465:. 5414:. 5363:52 5361:. 5357:. 5334:. 5324:44 5322:. 5297:. 5256:. 5226:. 5197:. 5167:. 5074:. 5063:^ 5030:. 5020:35 5018:. 5014:. 5002:^ 4985:. 4979:. 4953:. 4941:. 4937:. 4906:. 4875:. 4802:. 4798:. 4772:. 4768:. 4756:^ 4738:. 4734:. 4706:25 4704:. 4700:. 4599:. 4595:. 4569:. 4565:. 4540:. 4536:. 4409:. 4405:. 4355:. 4351:. 4321:. 4299:. 4289:15 4287:. 4261:. 4257:. 4232:. 4228:. 4191:. 4156:. 4144:. 4140:. 4114:. 4104:20 4102:. 4098:. 4086:^ 4070:. 4066:. 4036:. 4007:. 3983:42 3981:. 3905:. 3880:. 3850:. 3821:. 3799:. 3763:. 3738:. 3713:. 3688:. 3663:. 3652:^ 3575:}} 3571:{{ 3565:48 3563:. 3559:. 3533:. 3511:. 3501:. 3493:. 3481:. 3477:. 3451:. 3443:. 3435:. 3423:16 3421:. 3417:. 3394:. 3386:. 3376:60 3374:. 3370:. 3307:33 3305:. 3264:^ 3236:^ 3222:. 3212:37 3210:. 3185:. 3154:. 3144:. 3109:. 3105:. 3079:. 3075:. 3050:. 3046:. 3020:. 3012:. 3004:. 2990:. 2986:. 2974:^ 2957:. 2953:. 2928:. 2924:. 2898:. 2890:. 2882:. 2874:. 2864:40 2862:. 2858:. 2832:. 2828:. 2802:. 2798:. 2772:. 2768:. 2743:. 2739:. 2710:. 2685:. 2681:. 2656:. 2652:. 2627:. 2623:. 2600:. 2596:. 2570:. 2566:. 2537:. 2512:. 2508:. 2482:. 2478:. 2452:. 2448:. 2423:. 2419:. 2400:. 2388:. 2384:. 2361:. 2351:30 2349:. 2326:. 2316:23 2314:. 2291:. 2283:. 2275:. 2265:70 2263:. 2238:. 2214:^ 2127:^ 2096:^ 2058:^ 2020:^ 1968:^ 1690:, 1613:. 1568:. 1553:. 1534:. 1403:. 1332:. 1316:, 1312:, 1283:, 1256:. 1219:, 1205:, 1201:, 1189:. 1126:. 1110:, 1063:A 995:, 830:, 791:, 676:; 637:. 456:, 452:, 431:, 321:. 265:, 261:, 257:, 253:, 249:, 146:A 137:, 133:, 117:, 113:, 98:). 94:, 92:JD 5696:e 5689:t 5682:v 5621:. 5595:. 5540:. 5534:: 5507:. 5480:. 5430:. 5400:. 5375:. 5369:: 5342:. 5330:: 5307:. 5291:: 5272:. 5242:. 5212:. 5183:. 5153:. 5115:. 5089:. 5042:. 4996:. 4965:. 4943:6 4922:. 4891:. 4847:. 4813:. 4784:. 4750:. 4720:. 4685:. 4660:. 4635:. 4610:. 4580:. 4551:. 4521:. 4496:. 4471:. 4446:. 4421:. 4391:. 4366:. 4337:. 4307:. 4295:: 4272:. 4243:. 4201:. 4187:: 4168:. 4146:2 4125:. 4110:: 4080:. 4074:: 4051:. 4022:. 3993:. 3966:. 3941:. 3916:. 3891:. 3866:. 3836:. 3807:. 3774:. 3749:. 3724:. 3699:. 3674:. 3631:. 3606:. 3581:) 3544:. 3519:. 3489:: 3462:. 3429:: 3402:. 3382:: 3345:" 3335:. 3290:. 3258:. 3230:. 3218:: 3195:. 3181:: 3162:. 3140:: 3121:. 3091:. 3061:. 3031:. 2998:: 2992:2 2968:. 2939:. 2909:. 2870:: 2843:. 2813:. 2783:. 2754:. 2725:. 2696:. 2667:. 2638:. 2608:. 2604:: 2581:. 2552:. 2523:. 2493:. 2463:. 2434:. 2369:. 2357:: 2334:. 2322:: 2299:. 2271:: 2248:. 2242:: 2090:. 2052:. 2002:. 1950:. 1471:- 34:. 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index