94:
36:
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127:, vandalism of books has been studied by a number of library professionals. Librarians consider book vandalism and mutilation a "threat to intellectual property" and have seen it as a "tremendous challenge to the library profession worldwide." Handwriting or marks in and tearing or removal of pages from books can all be forms of vandalism or mutilation.
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found that staff could be part of the problem by being "innocent, ignorant or complacent." In addition, the same study found that students using the library felt that security in the library was seen as poor and that students did not know the cost of materials damaged and felt that punishment for being caught would be lenient.
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Lack of staff training and support for maintaining books is often tied to high rates of book vandalism. Metro
Toronto Library staff felt that their experience in losing over 200 reference books in 1975 to book vandalism was due to the library being understaffed. The Memphis study mentioned above also
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Book or material vandalism occurs at many different scales and with many different degrees of damage. A three-year study conducting in the early part of the 1980s showed that 64% of
American public libraries reported having at least one incident of book vandalism. A later study in Great Britain found
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about his own "impulse" for writing in the margins of library books. His argument for the practice is historical since he writes that "until the 19th century books were often used as scrap paper, and few people had qualms about scrawling on a pristine copy." Moran traces his book writing (usually in
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On the other side of the issue are those who wish to restrict access to information. In these situations, books have been damaged or destroyed in order to silence an idea or viewpoint an individual or group does not want to see expressed. During times of social crisis, books can become a casualty of
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Sometimes these book-vandalism events reach epidemic levels. The Metro
Toronto Library reported in 1975 that within one month over 200 reference books were "torn beyond repair." In 1995, twenty California libraries were plagued by a serial "book slicer", removing pages from modern poetry collections
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The population responsible for vandalism varies considerably by library and type of vandalism. A study conducted in
Memphis University Libraries revealed that perpetrators of library book vandalism were a diverse group including the general public, students, researchers, academics and library staff
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Providing access to inexpensive or free copies of materials that are often vandalized has been suggested in order to minimize book mutilations. Some libraries have reduced the amount it costs to make a copy in order to help prevent people from taking the information by removing pages or images from
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As electronic book-detection systems became available beginning in the 1970s, libraries began to examine the potential for such systems to prevent library book vandalism and theft. A survey conducted in 1973 of 255 public libraries in the United States found that most libraries had "neither guards
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Medical library blamed book vandalism on student's need for information. The director of the library, Peter Stangl, said that the most students often wanted the same books, so were stealing the information they needed for classes. In the
Memphis study, one of the most relevant reasons for library
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if an act of library book vandalism is taking place. Outside of law enforcement, libraries should charge patrons the replacement cost of a damaged (or lost) item, if the identity of the perpetrator is known. Restricting what patrons are allowed to bring into the library can help curb vandalism or
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or by walking on them. One of the most well-known instances of book burning occurred during the Third Reich, where Nazis burned books and other writings by those they deemed to be degenerates, including Jews, communists, anarchists, and sexologists. Other totalitarian governments have destroyed
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Library had problems with common reference books missing pages or indexes and therefore chose to move these items behind information desks and implementing a gatekeeper system for use. However, restricting access to books is considered by the library profession as a "limitation of access to
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were destroyed at the
University of Illinois. The cards were found in various states throughout the building and in a residence hall on campus. The destruction was considered by the director of the library as worth over $ 55,000 and that it would be "almost impossible to reconstruct them."
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believed that students vandalized books due to a form of self-expression. Portions of magazines and books in the library were marked out so as to be unreadable. The practice was increasing and
Hinrichs believed that students were using the "library as a focal point for their frustrations."
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launched an effort to stem book vandalism in 1983. The campaign was called a "cold war on vandalism" and involved displays of vandalized books and encouragement of early reporting of all types of book destruction. Students and faculty at the
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reported that library material vandalism made it difficult for them to effectively do their job and assist library patrons with information requests. Costs of book vandalism can include replacement costs for general collection items.
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212:(ALA) reports that recent acts of vandalism can help libraries identify the targets of future vandalism. The ALA has recommended additional security measures or relocation of library materials relating to past vandalism. The
148:, 500 children's books were damaged by book slicing, with an estimated cost of $ 15,000. Other books vandalized by razoring pages in Decatur, included books for adults on coaching children and also on books about sex.
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magazine found that more than two thirds of the libraries had vandalism issues with that set of materials alone. Some library patrons have a political or religious motivation for book vandalism. In 2002, a
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The issue is by no means just a contemporary one: Book mutilation consisting of removal of maps and pages from encyclopedias was reported by Green County
Library in 1918.
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various library books because these governments see "reading and research as political acts" which can lead individuals to thoughts that run counter to the government.
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ALA has recommended drafting potential legislation relating to vandalism. Staff members in libraries should be trained to enforce laws against vandalism, calling the
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nor alarm systems." Public and academic libraries both regularly spend "tens of thousands of dollars" on electronic systems designed to prevent vandalism and theft.
200:
advocated for a similar form of education. They suggested displaying mutilated books and for the library to run "educational programmes on the use of the library."
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and other irreplaceable books. Not only were many of the books housed in the Hanlin
Library destroyed by fire, but many of the books not ruined were collected by
306:
Other types of vandalism are more closely linked to social or political issues and commentary. Librarian Dennis
Hinrichs of Mount Pleasant High School library in
46:
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were reported to have been significantly carried out (90%) by students. Sometimes children are responsible for vandalism, whether it is intentional or not.
727:
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posts have been subject to book mutilation, with one small library in Texas having one book partially burned and the cover torn off another book.
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Cheng, Huanwen; Davis, Donald G. Jr. (January 2007). "Loss of a Recorded Heritage: Destruction of Chinese Books in the Peking Siege of 1900".
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is another form of library book vandalism. The hiding of books within libraries is sometimes considered to be a form of materials vandalism.
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1611:"Theft and Vandalism of Books, Manuscripts, and Related Materials in Public and Academic Libraries,Archives, and Special Collections"
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Pérez, Carmen; Cuadrado, Manuel; Cervera, Amparo (2009-03-01). "Understanding University Library Users' Mistreatment of Books".
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pamphlets." In other cases, library materials are destroyed when they represent aspects of a "particular despised group."
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or other library holdings. It is a considerable loss of resources for libraries with high rates of vandalism. As with
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599:"Strategies For Combating Book Theft And Vandalism In Academic Libraries (a Case Study Of Futo Library) | Afribary"
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and to pay $ 9,600 to the library due to his vandalism. The man had destroyed hundreds of books relating to
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In some cases, years of potentially irreplaceable work have been destroyed. In 1969, five thousand library
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1524:"Abuse of Library Materials in Academic Libraries: A Study of the University of Cape Coast Main Library"
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Book vandalism or mutilation is often depicted in film. The character of Jake, the private detective in
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213:
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461:(1985), depicts the character John Bender destroying a book and tossing the pages around the library.
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was written out by hand and had no copies, much of the cultural heritage it recorded is lost forever.
1955:
1811:
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Materials vandalism requires considerable staff time and resources to overcome. Library staff at the
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vandalism was that the books mutilated could not be checked out of the library. A study done at the
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topics by slashing the covers and insides of the books and then reshelving the books "stuffed with
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Examining books immediately after use inside the library can help reduce acts of book vandalism.
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Vandalism can frequently mirror larger social issues: a survey of libraries which subscribed to
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1970:
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forced Tibetans to destroy their own books or manuscripts by burning, shredding, mixing with
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Libricide: The Regime-Sponsored Destruction of Books and Libraries in the Twentieth Century
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showed that reference books which could not be checked out were the most vandalized books.
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378:"purged" individuals, all of their writing and research was also destroyed. During the
370:, which have destroyed library books that do not serve the current power structure. In
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deal primarily with North America, Great Britain, and Japan and do not represent a
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Cultural heritage can be destroyed through vandalism. A fire set at the Siege of
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2012:
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those who do not value what is expressed within or by those who are illiterate.
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which may cause libraries to lack multiple copies of popular materials and lack
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Some libraries describe book vandalism as genuine information seeking behavior.
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The Library Security and Safety Guide to Prevention, Planning, and Response
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man was banned from all of the city's public libraries, ordered to undergo
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1002:"ACRL/RBMS Guidelines Regarding Security and Theft in Special Collections"
457:(1974), tears the page out of a book because it has information he needs.
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that, on average, libraries experienced 9.8 book vandalism events a year.
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information which poses a threat to knowledge pursuit and exchange."
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1928:
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1565:(Research paper). University of Memphis Library – via ERIC.
939:"State University College at Buffalo Launches 'War on Vandalism'"
786:"Police Investigate Book Vandalism in Northern Alabama Libraries"
728:"MARKING LIBRARY BOOKS IS A KIND OF VANDALISM, BYU OFFICIAL SAYS"
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Sometimes a specific book or topic is targeted, in the case of a
2229:
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345:
307:
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reasons can drive library users to mutilation of books. In some
120:
1706:
1529:
African Journal of Library, Archives & Information Science
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29:
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Book Theft and Mutilation of Library Materials: A Case Study
251:
themselves. Mutilation of books at university libraries in
1051:
Marke, Julius J.; Sloane, Richard; Ryan, Linda M. (2005).
1702:
1419:"Vandalism in a University Library - Who's Responsible?"
1163:
1161:
893:
891:
812:"Man Arrested for Vandalizing Anne Frank Books in Tokyo"
520:
Library Crime and Security: An International Perspective
1057:(Revised ed.). Law Journal Press. pp. 34A–9.
366:
One of the most destructive groups of people have been
54:
1332:
1330:
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causing over $ 10,000 in damage to over 200 books. In
1088:
1086:
27:
Intentional damage or defacement of library materials
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the library security and safety guide to prevention.
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937:
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753:
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1521:Akussah, Harry; Bentil, Winifred (October 2010).
1487:"Cringing in the Dark: Book Abuse in the Movies"
1718:
1696:dealing with difficult people in the library.
1398:
1179:
1006:Association of College and Research Libraries
977:Association of College and Research Libraries
697:"Library Security: Mutilation, Rape, Vandals"
643:
624:
517:Alan Jay Lincoln; Carol Zall Lincoln (1987).
110:intentional destruction of books or materials
43:The examples and perspective in this article
8:
1680:Dealing With Difficult People in the Library
979:. American Library Association. January 2009
155:man who tore pages only out of books about
1725:
1711:
1703:
1468:
1456:
1444:
1203:
973:"Guidelines Regarding Thefts in Libraries"
550:. Birmingham Library School Co-operative.
286:countries, library researchers found that
1591:
1054:Legal Research and Law Library Management
81:Learn how and when to remove this message
1554:. Burns Security Inst. – via ERIC.
1167:
1152:
1038:
1026:
897:
870:"Miniature Community Library Vandalized"
547:Library vandalism and textual mutilation
1559:Byunn, Kit Sam; Lau, Shuk-fong (1992).
1191:
921:
655:
506:
233:Legislation and enforcement of policies
1140:
1104:
395:Effects of library-materials vandalism
294:facilities contributed to mutilation.
173:Efforts to curb library book vandalism
165:Even small, volunteer libraries, like
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573:The Journal of Academic Librarianship
7:
1416:Simon, Rita James (September 1969).
1128:
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1092:
1008:. American Library Association. 2008
690:
688:
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523:. Psychology Press. pp. 29–30.
324:pencil) as part of the tradition of
106:Library-book or -materials vandalism
1551:National Survey on Library Security
1484:Szmuk, Szilvia E. (February 2000).
1219:Schultz, Diane (21 November 1974).
193:State University College at Buffalo
116:is the act of damaging or defacing
25:
867:Silver, Johnathan (3 July 2015).
668:Lincoln, Alan Jay (Summer 1984).
2294:
2285:
2284:
2274:
1684:. American Library Association.
1637:. American Library Association.
101:found in a library book's index.
34:
2275:
1615:Library Philosophy and Practice
1236:– via Newspaper Archive.
755:"Alabama PL Plagued by Vandal"
708:(16): 1592. September 15, 1975
427:caused the destruction of the
1:
752:Oder, Norman (October 2004).
670:"Patterns and Costs of Crime"
2198:Conservation and restoration
1252:Moran, Joe (22 March 2011).
585:10.1016/j.acalib.2009.01.007
302:Social issues and commentary
210:American Library Association
1254:"Why I Write in the Margin"
356:State-sponsored destruction
159:in several area libraries.
114:book or material mutilation
57:, discuss the issue on the
2342:
1609:Higgins, Silke P. (2015).
1315:(875): 15. 29 October 2002
544:Susan M. J. Lacey (1979).
359:
246:Explanations for vandalism
2270:
1399:Akussah & Bentil 2010
1180:Akussah & Bentil 2010
644:Akussah & Bentil 2010
625:Akussah & Bentil 2010
1676:Willis, Mark R. (1999).
1629:Kahn, Miriam B. (2008).
1548:Burns, D. Bruce (1973).
1284:capping.slis.ualberta.ca
1280:"Vandalism in Libraries"
950:(5): 436–437. March 1983
401:University of Cape Coast
274:University of Cape Coast
198:University of Cape Coast
1856:Collection (publishing)
1780:Illuminated manuscripts
1655:Knuth, Rebecca (2003).
317:, wrote an article for
125:book theft at libraries
1661:. Praeger Publishers.
1469:Cheng & Davis 2007
1457:Cheng & Davis 2007
1445:Cheng & Davis 2007
1204:Cheng & Davis 2007
875:Victoria Advocate (TX)
491:Book store shoplifting
102:
18:Library book vandalism
2225:Intellectual property
1851:Volume (bibliography)
1584:10.1353/lib.2007.0002
1308:"The Library Slasher"
269:Stanford University's
263:Access to information
214:University of Memphis
96:
1168:Byunn & Lau 1992
1153:Byunn & Lau 1992
1039:Byunn & Lau 1992
1027:Byunn & Lau 1992
898:Byunn & Lau 1992
63:create a new article
55:improve this article
1227:Mount Pleasant News
288:economic depression
167:Little Free Library
108:, sometimes termed
2321:Library management
2262:World Book Capital
1543:– via EBSCO.
1506:– via EBSCO.
1492:American Libraries
1459:, p. 436-437.
1434:– via EBSCO.
1363:, p. 213-214.
1323:– via EBSCO.
1206:, p. 437-438.
958:– via EBSCO.
884:– via EBSCO.
790:American Libraries
774:– via EBSCO.
716:– via EBSCO.
459:The Breakfast Club
449:In popular culture
384:Chinese communists
178:Electronic systems
103:
2308:
2307:
2140:Coffee table book
1971:Bookworm (insect)
838:"Book Mutilation"
530:978-0-86656-480-9
380:Invasion of Tibet
368:communist regimes
91:
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83:
65:, as appropriate.
16:(Redirected from
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818:. 14 March 2014
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2069:United Kingdom
2066:
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2056:
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2046:
2041:
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2031:
2025:
2023:
2019:
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1700:
1699:
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1673:
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1652:
1643:
1626:
1606:
1578:(3): 431–441.
1572:Library Trends
1567:
1556:
1545:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1473:
1471:, p. 437.
1461:
1449:
1447:, p. 434.
1437:
1403:
1401:, p. 109.
1391:
1379:
1374:"Book Burning"
1365:
1353:
1341:
1326:
1295:
1278:Hart, Sandra.
1270:
1239:
1208:
1196:
1184:
1182:, p. 104.
1172:
1157:
1155:, p. 4-5.
1145:
1133:
1121:
1109:
1107:, p. 123.
1097:
1082:
1070:
1063:
1043:
1031:
1019:
990:
961:
926:
914:
902:
887:
859:
829:
803:
792:. 4 March 2005
777:
744:
719:
682:
677:Library Trends
660:
658:, p. 3-4.
648:
646:, p. 106.
629:
627:, p. 103.
614:
590:
579:(2): 177–183.
563:
556:
536:
529:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
494:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
466:
463:
450:
447:
441:. Because the
396:
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264:
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247:
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176:
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136:
133:
89:
88:
49:of the subject
47:worldwide view
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2338:
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2189:
2188:Book swapping
2186:
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2172:
2169:
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2074:United States
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2027:
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2020:
2014:
2011:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1996:Print culture
1994:
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1980:
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1942:
1940:
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1927:
1926:
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1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1914:Bibliotherapy
1912:
1910:
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1697:
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1691:9780838907603
1687:
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1674:
1670:
1668:9780275980887
1664:
1660:
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1644:9780838909492
1640:
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1441:
1438:
1425:
1420:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1395:
1392:
1389:, p. 55.
1388:
1383:
1380:
1375:
1369:
1366:
1362:
1357:
1354:
1351:, p. 67.
1350:
1345:
1342:
1339:, p. 51.
1338:
1333:
1331:
1327:
1314:
1309:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1285:
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1274:
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1246:
1244:
1240:
1228:
1223:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1200:
1197:
1194:, p. 13.
1193:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1176:
1173:
1169:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1146:
1143:, p. 64.
1142:
1137:
1134:
1131:, p. 37.
1130:
1125:
1122:
1119:, p. 31.
1118:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1101:
1098:
1095:, p. 29.
1094:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1080:, p. 14.
1079:
1074:
1071:
1066:
1064:9781588520135
1060:
1056:
1055:
1047:
1044:
1041:, p. 10.
1040:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1023:
1020:
1007:
1003:
997:
995:
991:
978:
974:
968:
966:
962:
949:
945:
940:
933:
931:
927:
924:, p. 17.
923:
918:
915:
911:
906:
903:
899:
894:
892:
888:
876:
871:
863:
860:
847:
843:
839:
833:
830:
817:
813:
807:
804:
791:
787:
781:
778:
765:
761:
756:
748:
745:
733:
729:
723:
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707:
703:
698:
691:
689:
687:
683:
678:
671:
664:
661:
657:
652:
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621:
619:
615:
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582:
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567:
564:
559:
557:9780906945001
553:
549:
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537:
532:
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522:
521:
513:
511:
507:
501:
496:
492:
489:
487:
486:Library theft
484:
482:
481:Forbes Smiley
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
468:
464:
462:
460:
456:
448:
446:
444:
440:
436:
432:
431:
426:
422:
418:
413:
410:
409:catalog cards
405:
402:
394:
392:
389:
385:
381:
377:
376:Joseph Stalin
373:
372:Soviet Russia
369:
363:
355:
353:
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338:San Francisco
334:
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82:
74:
64:
60:
56:
50:
48:
41:
32:
31:
19:
2249:
2245:Preservation
2161:Book burning
2156:Banned books
1909:Bibliophilia
1894:Bibliography
1824:advance copy
1807:instant book
1775:Illustration
1758:dust jackets
1695:
1679:
1657:
1648:
1632:
1618:. Retrieved
1614:
1575:
1571:
1561:
1550:
1537:. Retrieved
1535:(2): 103–112
1532:
1528:
1500:. Retrieved
1495:
1491:
1464:
1452:
1440:
1428:. Retrieved
1423:
1394:
1382:
1368:
1356:
1344:
1317:. Retrieved
1312:
1287:. Retrieved
1283:
1273:
1261:. Retrieved
1258:The Guardian
1257:
1230:. Retrieved
1226:
1199:
1192:Higgins 2015
1187:
1175:
1170:, p. 8.
1148:
1136:
1124:
1112:
1100:
1073:
1053:
1046:
1034:
1029:, p. 5.
1022:
1010:. Retrieved
1005:
981:. Retrieved
976:
952:. Retrieved
947:
943:
922:Higgins 2015
917:
912:, p. 2.
905:
900:, p. 4.
878:. Retrieved
874:
862:
850:. Retrieved
845:
841:
832:
820:. Retrieved
815:
806:
794:. Retrieved
789:
780:
768:. Retrieved
763:
759:
747:
736:. Retrieved
734:. 1995-05-26
731:
722:
710:. Retrieved
705:
701:
676:
663:
656:Higgins 2015
651:
606:. Retrieved
602:
593:
576:
572:
566:
546:
539:
519:
471:Book burning
452:
442:
428:
414:
406:
398:
365:
362:Book burning
330:
320:The Guardian
318:
313:
305:
296:
292:photocopying
278:
266:
257:
249:
236:
227:
219:
207:
190:
181:
164:
161:
150:
142:
138:
113:
109:
105:
104:
97:Handwritten
77:
68:
44:
2178:Book curses
2054:Netherlands
1924:Bookselling
1899:Bibliomania
1882:Bestsellers
1870:Consumption
1861:Book series
1846:Typesetting
1141:Willis 1999
1105:Willis 1999
848:: 209. 1918
423:in 1900 in
419:during the
204:Observation
71:August 2021
2315:Categories
2123:audiobooks
2022:By country
1975:Furniture
1966:Digitizing
1961:Collecting
1951:Censorship
1934:book towns
1819:Publishing
1802:incunabula
1741:Production
1387:Knuth 2003
1361:Knuth 2003
1349:Knuth 2003
1337:Knuth 2003
1289:2016-04-14
1078:Burns 1973
910:Burns 1973
738:2016-04-14
608:2016-04-14
497:References
360:See also:
342:counseling
326:marginalia
157:Anne Frank
2326:Vandalism
2193:Book tour
2166:incidents
2098:miniature
2093:fictional
1979:bookcases
1919:Bookmarks
1834:paperback
1829:hardcover
1593:2142/3705
1424:Education
1129:Kahn 2008
1117:Kahn 2008
1093:Kahn 2008
502:Citations
476:Joe Orton
455:Chinatown
439:souvenirs
350:Christian
315:Joe Moran
187:Education
135:Incidents
99:vandalism
59:talk page
2290:Category
2203:Dog ears
2119:Formats
2115:Grimoire
2108:textbook
2059:Pakistan
2006:literacy
1984:bookends
1903:tsundoku
1787:Printing
1620:18 April
1602:37982832
1539:17 April
1502:17 April
1430:17 April
1319:17 April
1313:Advocate
1263:18 April
1232:17 April
1012:17 April
983:17 April
954:17 April
880:17 April
852:17 April
822:18 April
816:CBS News
796:17 April
770:17 April
766:(16): 22
712:17 April
603:Afribary
465:See also
280:Economic
53:You may
2280:Outline
2240:Outline
2149:Related
2089:Genres
2039:Germany
2013:Reviews
2001:Reading
1991:Library
1939:history
1797:history
1792:edition
1770:Editing
1748:Binding
1514:Sources
1498:(2): 52
1426:(1): 39
333:Playboy
284:African
242:theft.
229:books.
118:library
2300:Portal
2213:scroll
2128:Ebooks
2103:pop-up
2034:France
2029:Brazil
1929:blurbs
1877:Awards
1765:Design
1753:Covers
1688:
1665:
1641:
1600:
1061:
554:
527:
417:Peking
388:manure
239:police
2235:Novel
2218:codex
2133:Folio
2083:Other
2064:Spain
2049:Japan
2044:Italy
1956:Clubs
1734:Books
1598:S2CID
673:(PDF)
425:China
374:, as
253:Ghana
153:Tokyo
129:Arson
121:books
61:, or
2230:ISBN
2171:Nazi
1944:used
1887:list
1841:Size
1686:ISBN
1663:ISBN
1639:ISBN
1622:2016
1541:2016
1504:2016
1432:2016
1321:2016
1265:2016
1234:2016
1059:ISBN
1014:2016
985:2016
956:2016
882:2016
854:2016
824:2016
798:2016
772:2016
714:2016
552:ISBN
525:ISBN
346:LGBT
308:Iowa
208:The
191:The
1588:hdl
1580:doi
948:108
764:129
706:100
581:doi
437:as
112:or
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