941:. Under their plan, all the sites in the parks, save one, were for "whites only". Their plan included a separate facility for African Americans at Lewis Mountain—a picnic ground, a smaller lodge, cabins and a campground. The site opened in 1939, and it was substantially inferior to the other park facilities. By then, however, the Interior Department was increasingly anxious to eliminate segregation from all parks. Pinnacles picnic ground was selected to be the initial integrated site in the Shenandoah, but Virginia Sky-Line Company continued to balk, and distributed maps showing Lewis Mountain as the only site for African Americans. During World War II, concessions closed, and park usage plunged. But once the War ended, in December 1945, the NPS mandated that all concessions in all national parks were to be desegregated. In October 1947 the dining rooms of Lewis Mountain and Panorama were integrated and by early 1950, the mandate was fully accomplished.
707:, eventually giving it to the U.S. federal government to establish the national park. Carson's brother suggested that Virginia's legislature authorize condemnation by counties (followed by arbitration for individual parcels) rather than condemn each parcel. Some families accepted the payments because they needed the money and wanted to escape the subsistence lifestyle. Nearly 90 percent of the inhabitants worked the land for a living: selling timber, charcoal, or crops. They had previously been able to earn money to buy supplies by harvesting the now-rare chestnuts, by working during the apple and peach harvest season (but the drought of 1930 devastated those crops and killed many fruit trees), or by selling handmade textiles and crafts (displaced by factories) and moonshine (illegal after
816:), not the northern counties nearest Byrd's and Carson's bases, or from the southern end where residents could see tourism's benefits at Thomas Jefferson's Monticello since the 1920s, as well as the jobs available in the Shenandoah and new Blue Ridge projects. In 1931 and 1932, residents were allowed to petition the state agency to stay another year to gather crops, etc. However, some refused to cooperate to any extent, others wanted to continue to use resources now protected (including timber or homes and gardens vacated by others), and many found the permit process arbitrary. Businessman Robert H. Via filed suit against the condemnations in 1934 but did not prevail (and ended up moving to Pennsylvania and never cashed his condemnation check).
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672:(which was incurable and affected trees as they reached maturity). However, it had been held as private property for over a century, so many farms and orchards existed. After Byrd became governor and convinced the legislature to appropriate $ 1 million for land acquisition and other work, Carson and his teams (including surveyors and his brother Kit who was Byrd's law partner) tried to figure out who owned the land. They found that it consisted of more than 5,000 parcels, some of them inhabited by tenant farmers or squatters (who were ineligible to receive compensation). Some landowners, including wealthy resort owner
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Trail, Limberlost Trail, Post Office
Junction to Old Rag Shelter, Old Rag Ridge Trail, Old Rag Saddle Trail, Dark Hollow Falls Trail, Story of the Forest Trail, Bearfence Mountain Trail, Frazier Discovery Trail. These ten trails fall short of a total of 20 miles of the 500 miles of trails of the Shenandoah National Park.
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Shenandoah
National Park is one of the most dog-friendly in the national park system. The campgrounds all allow dogs, and dogs are allowed on almost all of the trails including the Appalachian Trail, if kept on leash (6 feet or shorter). Dogs are not allowed on ten trails: Fox Hollow Trail, Stony Man
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in eight
Virginia counties. Although the Skyline Drive right-of-way was purchased from owners without condemnation, the costs of the acreage purchased trebled over initial estimates and the acreage decreased to what Carson called a "fish-bone" shape and others a "shoestring". Although Byrd and Carson
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In 2014, under the leadership of
Superintendent Jim Northup, Shenandoah National Park established an Artist-in-Residence Program that is administered by the Shenandoah National Park Trust, the park's philanthropic partner. Photographer Sandy Long was selected as the park's first artist-in-residence.
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reopened under a concessionaire in 1937. Carson also donated significant land; a mountain in the park is now named in his honor and signs acknowledge his contributions. The last grandmother resident was Annie Lee
Bradley Shenk. NPS employees had watched and cared for her since 1950; she died in 1979
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However, Carson and the politicians did not seek citizen input early in the process, nor convince residents that they could live better in a tourist economy. Instead, they started with an advertising campaign to raise the funds, and courthouse property evaluations and surveys. Upon Mather's death in
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In the 1990s, the park hired cultural resource specialists and conducted an archeological inventory of existing structures, the Survey of Rural
Mountain Settlement. Eventually, the park's new focus on cultural resources coincided with agitation from a descendant's organization known as the Children
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and Luray
Realtor and developer L. Ferdinand Zerkel, had long wanted the park created and had formed the Northern Virginia Park Association to win over the national park selection committee. However, many local families who had lived in the area for generations (especially people over 60 years old)
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Shenandoah
National Park preserves and protects nationally significant natural and cultural resources, scenic beauty, and congressionally designated wilderness within Virginia’s northern Blue Ridge Mountains, and provides a broad range of opportunities for public enjoyment, recreation, inspiration,
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organize several programs from spring to fall. These include ranger-led hikes, as well as discussions of the history, flora, and fauna. Shenandoah Live is an online series where listeners may chat live with rangers and learn about some of the park's features. Rangers discuss a wide range of topics
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to teach at a summer school he had set up near one of his workers' communities and asked her to write a report about the conditions in which they lived. Although later discredited, the report depicted the local population as very poor and inbred and was soon used to support forcible evictions and
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Shenandoah
National Park lies along the Blue Ridge Mountains in north-central Virginia. These mountains form a distinct highland rising to elevations above 4,000 feet (1,200 m). Local topographic relief between the Blue Ridge Mountains and Shenandoah Valley exceeds 3,000 feet (900 m) at
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Backcountry campers must also be careful of wildlife such as bears and venomous snakes. Campers must suspend their food from trees while not in use in "bear bags" or park-approved bear canisters to prevent unintentionally feeding the bears, who then become habituated to humans and their food and
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drawing pitying eyes to local conditions and "hillbillies." As in many rural areas of the time, most remote homesteads in the
Shenandoah lacked electricity and often running water, as well as access to schools and health facilities during many months. However, Hoover had hired experienced rural
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infestations beginning in the early 1990s began to erode the dominance of the oak forests as the moths would primarily consume the leaves of oak trees. Though the gypsy moths seem to have abated, they continue to affect the forest and have destroyed almost ten percent of the oak groves.
1392:. The distance from the trailhead to the base of the falls is 0.7 mi (1.1 km), although the trail continues beyond that point, crossing the creek and connecting with the Rose River fire road. Various fauna can be viewed along the trail, including occasional sightings of
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of Virginia's southwestern region to succeed easterner Pollard. After winning the election, Peery and Carson's successor would establish Virginia's state park system, although plans to relocate reluctant residents kept changing and basically failed. Carson had hoped to head that
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3.3 mile (5 km) loop hike to an overlook above the falls. There is also a rocky, 1 mile (2 km) round trip spur trail that goes to the base of the falls. The "shortcut" is before the overlook but watch out for water snakes as they're very common in this area.
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Virginia, racial segregation was the order of the day. In its transfer of the parkland to the federal government, Virginia initially attempted to ban African Americans entirely from the park but settled for enforcing its segregation laws in the park's facilities.
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but was not selected because of his growing differences with Byrd, over fees owed his brother and especially over the evictions that began in late 1933 against his advice but pursuant to new federal policies and that garnered much negative publicity.
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A 3-mile (4.8 km) round trip hike to see both the upper and lower falls. Be sure to go a little past the lower falls viewing spot for a better view. Can also be turned into a 7.8-mile (12.6 km) loop trail that also goes by Jones Run Falls
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did not want to sell their land, and some refused to sell at any price. Carson promised that if they sold to the commonwealth, they could still live on their homesteads for the rest of their lives. Carson also lobbied the new president,
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authorized the NPS to acquire a minimum of 250,000 acres (390.6 sq mi; 1,011.7 km) and a maximum of 521,000 acres (814.1 sq mi; 2,108.4 km) to form Shenandoah National Park, and also authorized creation of
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in 1929, is accessed by a 4.1-mile (6.6 km) round-trip hike on Mill Prong Trail, which begins on the Skyline Drive at Milam Gap (Mile 52.8). The NPS also offers guided van trips that leave from the Byrd Center at Big Meadows.
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formally opened Shenandoah National Park on July 3, 1936. Eventually, about 40 people (on the "Ickes list") were allowed to live out their lives on land that became the park. One of them was George Freeman Pollock, whose residence
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had restored some cabins beginning in the 1940s and made them available to overnight hikers. Some displaced residents (and their descendants) created the Children of the Shenandoah to lobby for more balanced presentations.
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during the 1930s; though the tree continues to grow in the park, it does not reach maturity and dies back before it can reproduce. Various species of oaks superseded the chestnuts and became the dominant tree species.
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at age 92. Most others left quietly. 85-year-old Hezekiah Lam explained, "I ain't so crazy about leavin' these hills but I never believed in bein' ag'in (against) the Government. I signed everythin' they asked me."
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Whiteoak Canyon has a series of six waterfalls, the first (and tallest) is 86 feet (28 m). Not all the falls are easily accessible from the trail. Start at the lowest and work your way up to the tallest waterfall.
1400:. While the trail is relatively short, parts of it are steep and may prove challenging to some visitors. There is no view from the brink of the falls, and slippery rocks make it inadvisable to leave the trail.
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was reintroduced into the park in the mid-1990s and by the end of the 20th century there were numerous nesting pairs in the park. Thirty-two species of fish have been documented in the park, including
1007:. The Skyline Drive is the first National Park Service road east of the Mississippi River listed as a National Historic Landmark on the National Register of Historic Places. It is also designated as a
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also decided that the federal agency would only accept vacant land, so even elderly residents would be forced to leave. Thus, many families and entire communities were forced to vacate portions of the
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convinced Congress to reduce the minimum size of Shenandoah Park to just over 160,000 acres (250.0 sq mi; 647.5 km) to eliminate some high-priced lands, in 1933 newly elected President
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were operated only for whites. By 1937, the Park Service accepted a bid from Virginia Sky-Line Company to take over the existing facilities and add new lodges, cabins, and other amenities, including
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2638:"Tracking Lower-to-Mid-to-Upper Crustal Deformation Processes through Time and Space through Three Paleozoic Orogenies in the Southern Appalachians Using Dated Metamorphic Assemblages and Faults"
653:. However, the legislation also required that no federal funds would be used to acquire the land. Thus, Virginia needed to raise private funds, and could also authorize state funds and use its
604:, failed to pass. The first national park was Yellowstone, in Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho. It was signed into law in 1872. Yosemite National Park was created in 1890. When Congress created the
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By the 1930s, there were several concessions operated by private firms within the area that would become the park, some going back to the late 19th century. These early private facilities at
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The results of Long's residency were featured in the photography exhibit "Wild Beauty: The Artful Nature of Shenandoah National Park" held at the Looking Glass Art Gallery in the historic
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Visitor Center is also located at Big Meadows. Another visitor center is located at Dickey Ridge. Campgrounds are located at Mathews Arm, Big Meadows, Lewis Mountain, and Loft Mountain.
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is the main park road, generally traversing along the ridgeline of the mountains. Almost 40% of the park's land—79,579 acres (124 sq mi; 322 km)—has been designated as
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Beginning at mile 50.7 of the Skyline Drive near the Byrd Visitor Center, Dark Hollow Falls Trail leads downhill beside Hogcamp Branch to Dark Hollow Falls, a 70 ft (21 m)
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in remote areas of the park. Over 200 species of birds make their home in the park for at least part of the year. About thirty live in the park year-round, including the
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Shenandoah National Park offers 196,000 acres (306.2 sq mi; 793.2 km) of backcountry and wilderness camping. While in the backcountry, campers must use a "
644:, the first NPS director, saw a need for a national park in the southern states, and solicited proposals in his 1923 year-end report. In May 1926, Congress and President
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described how the small valley communities or hollows had existed "without contact with law or government" for centuries, which some analogized to a popular comic strip
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teacher Christine Vest to teach near his summer home (and who believed the other reports exaggerated, as did Episcopal missionary teachers in other Blue Ridge areas).
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In the early 1930s, the National Park Service began planning the park facilities and envisioned separate provisions for blacks and whites. At that time, in
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who had jurisdiction over the NPS and partial jurisdiction over the CCC, tried to use his authority to force Byrd to cooperate on other New Deal projects.
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of Shenandoah, which resulted in the removal of questionable interpretive displays. Hikes and tours that explained the social history of the displaced
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Difficult 3.4 mile (5 km) round trip hike. Sights along the way include waterfalls, swimming holes, and natural rock slides of varying lengths.
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640:. Acadia finally broke the western mold, becoming the first eastern national park. It was also based on donations from wealthy private landowners.
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at Big Meadows Visitor Center (3514 ft / 1071 m) is 6a with an average annual extreme minimum temperature of -7.1 °F (-21.7 °C).
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Carson announced his resignation from his unpaid job effective in December 1934. As one of his final acts, Carson wrote the new NPS director,
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3216:"Virginia Birding and Wildlife Trail » Mountain Trail » Skyline Drive » Dark Hollow Falls Trail, Shenandoah National Park"
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may also grow naturally. In contrast, some of the northeastern aspects are most likely to have small but dense stands of moisture loving
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A 3.6-mile (5.8 km) round trip hike. Can also be turned into a longer loop hike that goes by Doyles River upper and lower falls
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When many families continued to refuse to sell their land in 1932 and 1933, proponents changed tactics. Freeman hired social worker
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The tallest waterfall in the park. 6.5 mile (10 km) round trip hike. Go before June as this waterfall tends to dry up.
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Legislation to create a national park in the Appalachian mountains was first introduced by freshman Virginia congressman
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3267:"U.S. Potential Natural Vegetation, Original Kuchler Types, v2.0 (Spatially Adjusted to Correct Geometric Distortions)"
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Some of the rocks exposed in the park date to over one billion years in age, making them among the oldest in Virginia.
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Darwin Lambert, the Undying Part of Shenandoah National Park (Shenandoah History Association, 1989, 2001) pp. 199–200
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Ronald L. Heinemann, Depression and New Deal in Virginia (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press 1983) p. 65
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are also in the park. In total, there are over 500 miles (800 km) of trails within the park. There is also
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2932:"Creation and Dispossession: Shenandoah National Park and its Residents - Special Collections at Belk Library"
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865:, and Governor Pollard quickly filled his initial quota of 5,000 workers. About 1,000 men and boys worked on
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Particularly after the 1960s, park operations broadened from nature-focused to include social history. The
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Shenandoah National Park was finally established on December 26, 1935, and soon construction began on the
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3455:"Making Art in the Park: Shenandoah National Park's First Artist-in-Residence Reflects on Her Experience"
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Shenandoah National Park— When Past is Present: Archaeology of the Displaced in Shenandoah National Park
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woodland, while a large portion of common species are also typical of ecosystems at lower altitudes.
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online exhibit of the Virginia Historical Society regarding creation of the Shenandoah National Park
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Ronald Heinemann, Harry Byrd (Charlottesville, University of Virginia Press 1996) pp. 76, 81, 87–89
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The climate of the park and its flora and fauna are typical for mountainous regions of the eastern
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counties. The park stretches for 105 miles (169 km) along Skyline Drive from near the town of
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Anne Frederick, Shenandoah, its National Park and Neighbors, (Arcadia Publishing, 2000) pp. 38–39
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predominate on the southwestern faces of some of the southernmost hillsides, where an occasional
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United States Geological Survey: Geologic Map of the Shenandoah National Park Region, Virginia
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Many waterfalls are located within the park boundaries. Below is a list of significant falls.
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559:(325 to 260 million years ago). The rugged topography of Blue Ridge Mountains is a result of
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Virginia's Democratic gubernatorial candidate (and the late Congressman Flood's nephew),
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Carson had had ambitions to become governor in 1929 and 1933, but Byrd instead selected
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1135:
1113:
1106:
1081:
1028:
926:
893:
823:, urging that 60 people over 60 years of age whose plots were not visible from the new
704:
678:
654:
641:
637:
548:
487:
463:
3595:
1101:
827:
not be evicted. When evictions kept creating negative publicity in 1935, photographer
6047:
5241:
3091:
2373:
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2167:
1905:
1253:
1139:
1121:
988:
980:
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918:
866:
843:
824:
765:
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682:
661:
533:
495:
406:
352:
45:
3336:
3288:
2611:
2137:
905:
736:
on the Shenandoah National Park ridgeline, which required additional condemnations.
1127:
1014:
686:
584:
515:
3358:
2823:
2545:. Callan Bentley's blog Mountain Beltway on American Geophysical Union Blogosphere
739:
681:, who bought land to establish a vacation fishing camp near the headwaters of the
397:
3380:
3117:
4532:
2849:"Shenandoah secrets: Pork, propaganda, and the creation of a COOL national park"
2384:
2361:
2353:
1238:
A 2.6 mile (4 km) round trip hike. Can also be done as a longer loop hike.
1155:
1151:
1117:
1086:
1049:
975:
889:
4392:
2991:
2693:
849:
The creation of the park had immediate benefits to some Virginians. During the
4719:
4417:
2469:
2341:
2240:
636:
were all created in 1919 during the administration of Virginia-born president
523:
2780:"Historical Overview - Shenandoah National Park (U.S. National Park Service)"
685:(and would ultimately donate it to the park as he left office; it remains as
657:(condemnation) power to acquire the land to create Shenandoah National Park.
181:
168:
2671:
2317:
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1389:
1004:
1000:
996:
568:
537:
17:
1052:
are open from April to October–November. There are five major campgrounds:
4452:
3403:"Ranger Programs – Shenandoah National Park (U.S. National Park Service)"
2220:
2183:
769:
564:
519:
336:
131:
3483:"Shenandoah National Park appoints artist-in-residence from Pike County"
1267:
Mile 51.4, parking lot just south of Big Meadows, next to a service road
2877:"The Displaced - Shenandoah National Park (U.S. National Park Service)"
2301:
2216:
2201:
1131:
477:
470:
3567:
3428:"Shenandoah National Park debuts artist-in-residence program for 2014"
804:
Most of the reluctant families came from the park's central counties (
664:
supported the creation of Shenandoah National Park, as did his friend
3537:
3067:"Campgrounds – Shenandoah National Park (U.S. National Park Service)"
3048:
2336:. Though unsubstantiated, there have been some reported sightings of
2321:
2204:
1031:" policy that includes burying excrement and not building campfires.
511:
3573:
Henry Heatwole's Guide to Shenandoah National Park and Skyline Drive
2251:
tree was effectively brought to extinction by a fungus known as the
608:(NPS) in 1916, additional parks had maintained the western pattern (
462:
some locations. The crest of the range divides the Shenandoah River
3559:
NASA Earth Observatory Satellite images of Shenandoah National Park
2642:
Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs v. 40, p. 513
2388:
while answering questions and talking with experts from the field.
1435:
Climate data for Big Meadows, Virginia (station elevation 3,540ft)
3139:
Virginia Trout Streams-A guide to fishing the Blue Ridge watershed
2268:
2224:
2150:
1379:
1100:
1013:
974:
904:
837:
779:
738:
691:
578:
405:
The park encompasses parts of eight counties. On the west side of
396:
388:
3591:
A Guide to the Shenandoah Valley Oral History Project, 2005–2006
3548:
2244:
2212:
2197:
2155:
4421:
3599:
3141:. Woodstock, Vermont: Backcounty Publications. pp. 37–54.
2612:"Geologic Map of the Shenandoah National Park Region, Virginia"
1252:
1.4 mile (2 km) round trip hike. The closest waterfall to
1035:
therefore dangerous. All animals are protected by federal law.
835:
authors and then went to document the conditions they claimed.
483:
rocks (1.2–1.0 billion years old) and a cover sequence of
2694:"Geological Evolution of Virginia and the Mid-Atlantic Region"
2325:
2175:
703:
The commonwealth of Virginia slowly acquired the land through
529:
are common and cover much of the bedrock throughout the park.
3508:""Wild Beauty" images of Shenandoah National Park on exhibit"
857:(CCC). The first CCC camp in Virginia was established in the
532:
The park is located along the western part of the Blue Ridge
3003:
2517:"GOL 135: The geology of Shenandoah National Park, Virginia"
752:
burning of former cabins so residents would not sneak back.
235:
319:
316:
304:
278:
275:
263:
257:
295:
254:
5991:
National Register of Historic Places listings in Virginia
3572:
772:. In 1933, Sherman and journalist Thomas Henry published
555:, distorted, and metamorphosed during the late Paleozoic
298:
3023:"Shenandoah National Park – Segregation / Desegregation"
2822:
Sherman, Mandel; Henry, Thomas R. (September 14, 2017).
853:, many young men received training and jobs through the
2215:
in abundance. Other commonly found plants include oak,
449:
in the southwest. The park headquarters are located in
201:
199,173 acres (311.208 sq mi; 806.02 km)
3049:"The Leave No Trace Seven Principles - Leave No Trace"
3578:
Interactive Virtual Tours of Shenandoah National Park
1256:
and the most popular. No pets allowed on this trail.
1192:
Mile 21.1, parking lot just south of Hogback Overlook
1150:
Streams and rivers in the park are very popular with
892:
was later listed on the National Register, and whose
425:
counties. On the east side of Skyline Drive they are
310:
307:
301:
269:
266:
260:
313:
272:
5974:
5967:
5728:
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5275:
5032:
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4999:
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4908:
4890:
4872:
4782:
4744:
4699:
4591:
4556:
4486:
4468:
4459:
3195:
Guide to Shenandoah National Park and Skyline Drive
3162:Nicole Blouin, Steve; Bordonaro, Marilou W (1996).
292:
251:
231:
221:
213:
205:
197:
160:
138:
127:
34:
6018:Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation
3311:"Coyote-Wolf Hybrids Have Spread Across U.S. East"
2843:
2841:
393:Mist at Shenandoah National Park - Front Royal, VA
2138:http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?va0720
107:
79:
2445:. Land Resource Division, National Park Service
377:
2492:"Foundation Document Shenandoah National Park"
2415:List of amphibians of Shenandoah National Park
600:in 1901, but despite the support of President
4433:
3611:
1077:There are several lodges/cabins in the park:
8:
2720:Foundation Document Shenandoah National Park
583:Satellite view of Shenandoah in autumn, the
4404:List of national parks of the United States
5971:
5029:
4465:
4440:
4426:
4418:
3618:
3604:
3596:
3542:
2871:
2869:
1431:
1281:Mile 62.8, park at South River picnic area
1235:Mile 49.4, parking at Fishers Gap Overlook
347:to the west, and the rolling hills of the
31:
6033:Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources
6028:Virginia Department of Historic Resources
2420:List of birds of Shenandoah National Park
1249:Mile 50.7, Dark Hollow Falls parking area
3185:
3183:
2726:. National Park Service. 2015. p. 4
2543:"Compton Peak: superb columnar jointing"
2440:"Listing of acreage – December 31, 2011"
1168:
339:. The park is long and narrow, with the
29:National park in Virginia, United States
6129:Civilian Conservation Corps in Virginia
3246:United States Department of Agriculture
3025:. National Park Service. Archived from
3016:
3014:
2431:
1422:United States Department of Agriculture
1412:system, Shenandoah National Park has a
1319:
1206:Mile 42.6, Whiteoak Canyon parking area
1018:Red oaks in late fall along the ridges.
540:structure at the eastern margin of the
409:they are, from northeast to southwest,
361:National Wilderness Preservation System
6104:Parks in Rappahannock County, Virginia
3242:"USDA Interactive Plant Hardiness Map"
2595:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2588:
732:to connect to then-under-construction
522:age (542–520 million years old).
375:As stated in the foundation document:
4900:Mount Rogers National Recreation Area
3191:"Fishers Gap to Naked Creek Overlook"
2470:"NPS Annual Recreation Visits Report"
2457:National Park Service Acreage Reports
1416:with warm summers and no dry season (
1221:Mile 45.6, Hawksbill Gap parking area
445:in the northeast to near the city of
7:
6084:Parks in Rockingham County, Virginia
4933:Wolf Trap NP for the Performing Arts
4560:Battlefields & Battlefield Parks
3337:"Shenandoah National Park – Mammals"
3289:"Shenandoah National Park – Forests"
3092:"Lodging - Shenandoah National Park"
2746:"Carson, William Edward (1870–1942)"
2541:Callan Bentley (November 14, 2011).
2192:temperate broadleaf and mixed forest
1296:Mile 81.1, Doyles River parking area
1270:2 mile (3 km) round trip hike.
518:of the Chilhowee Group are of early
498:rocks of the Swift Run and Catoctin
126:
6119:Protected areas established in 1935
6079:Parks in Albemarle County, Virginia
4918:Assateague Island National Seashore
4568:Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania NMP
3627:National parks of the United States
2497:. National Park Service. April 2015
651:Great Smoky Mountains National Park
6124:National parks of the Appalachians
4736:George Washington Memorial Parkway
3359:"Shenandoah National Park – Birds"
3313:. November 8, 2011. Archived from
2610:Scott Southworth (June 17, 2015).
329:national park of the United States
25:
6099:Parks in Madison County, Virginia
6074:Parks in Augusta County, Virginia
4759:Captain John Smith Chesapeake NHT
3381:"Shenandoah National Park – Fish"
2982:Heinemann, Harry Byrd pp. 174–175
2174:type for the park is Appalachian
1311:Mile 84.1, Jones Run parking area
859:George Washington National Forest
490:(570–550 million years old)
6109:Parks in Warren County, Virginia
6089:Parks in Greene County, Virginia
5815:Goshen and Little North Mountain
4391:
4385:
4378:
4371:
4364:
4357:
4350:
4343:
4336:
4329:
4322:
4315:
4308:
4301:
4294:
4287:
4280:
4273:
4266:
4259:
4252:
4245:
4238:
4231:
4224:
4217:
4210:
4203:
4196:
4189:
4182:
4175:
4168:
4161:
4154:
4147:
4140:
4133:
4126:
4119:
4112:
4105:
4098:
4091:
4084:
4077:
4070:
4063:
4056:
4049:
4042:
4035:
4028:
4021:
4014:
4007:
4000:
3993:
3986:
3979:
3972:
3965:
3958:
3453:Brown, Cassandra (Winter 2015).
3127:Retrieved on September 22, 2007.
3008:Retrieved on September 22, 2007.
2955:Heinemann, Harry Byrd, pp. 89–90
2936:collections.library.appstate.edu
1358:
1346:
1334:
1322:
359:and is protected as part of the
288:
247:
106:
99:
78:
71:
54:
6114:1935 establishments in Virginia
6023:Virginia Department of Forestry
4923:Chesapeake Bay Gateways Network
4882:George Washington and Jefferson
4538:George Washington Birthplace NM
4513:Cedar Creek and Belle Grove NHP
2644:. Geological Society of America
567:, although some post-Paleozoic
204:
137:
6094:Parks in Page County, Virginia
4892:USFS National Recreation Areas
4490:Historic Sites & Monuments
1293:28 and 63 ft (9 and 19 m)
1095:Potomac Appalachian Trail Club
951:Potomac Appalachian Trail Club
871:U.S. Secretary of the Interior
696:A small family cemetery along
367:at 4,051 feet (1,235 m).
1:
1978:Average snowfall inches (cm)
1410:Köppen climate classification
901:Segregation and desegregation
768:and his fictional community,
743:Sunset from the Skyline Drive
547:. Rocks within the park were
514:can be seen at Compton Peak.
331:that encompasses part of the
118:Show map of the United States
115:Location in the United States
5475:Cape Charles Coastal Habitat
3668:Black Canyon of the Gunnison
3164:Waterfalls of the Blue Ridge
3098:. U.S. National Park Service
3021:Engle, Reed (January 1996).
2750:www.encyclopediavirginia.org
2172:potential natural vegetation
1130:, the restored presidential
883:that Byrd wanted. President
715:1929, the new NPS director,
217:1,666,265 (in 2020)
6001:National Historic Landmarks
5986:Virginia Landmarks Register
3584:The Ground Beneath Our Feet
2826:. Thomas Y. Crowell Company
2812:Heinemann, Harry Byrd p. 89
2392:Artist-in-Residence Program
2048:Average precipitation days
1694:Mean daily minimum °F (°C)
1624:Mean daily maximum °F (°C)
987:The park is best known for
913:covered in clouds in winter
855:Civilian Conservation Corps
728:decided to also create the
6150:
6064:National parks in Virginia
5925:Smith Mountain Cooperative
5715:William B. Trower Bayshore
5232:Staunton River Battlefield
5192:Sailor's Creek Battlefield
4928:Prince William Forest Park
4730:Rocky Knob Recreation Area
4518:Claude Moore Colonial Farm
4498:Appomattox Court House NHP
4488:National Historical Parks,
2135:
1434:
6013:
5222:Southwest Virginia Museum
4859:Rappahannock River Valley
4804:Eastern Shore of Virginia
4401:
3954:
3633:
2664:"Google Earth Multimedia"
2334:eastern cottontail rabbit
2091:
2047:
1977:
1903:
1833:
1763:
1693:
1623:
1553:
1483:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1414:humid continental climate
1062:Lewis Mountain Campground
885:Franklin Delano Roosevelt
65:
53:
39:
6059:Shenandoah National Park
5630:Mark's and Jack's Island
4774:Star-Spangled Banner NHT
4764:Overmountain Victory NHT
4558:National Military Parks,
2992:Shenandoah National Park
2902:"Rejecting the hillfolk"
2834:– via Hathi Trust.
2186:forest vegetation form (
2158:at Tanner Ridge Overlook
1065:Loft Mountain Campground
784:View from the summit of
571:occurred in the region.
244:Shenandoah National Park
236:Shenandoah National Park
35:Shenandoah National Park
5500:Chestnut Creek Wetlands
4715:Blue Ridge Music Center
4508:Booker T. Washington NM
3383:. National Park Service
3361:. National Park Service
3339:. National Park Service
3291:. National Park Service
3166:. Menasha Ridge Press.
3118:Official SNP Pet Policy
2997:April 15, 2008, at the
2472:. National Park Service
2247:. The once predominant
1376:Dark Hollow Falls Trail
4769:Potomac Heritage Trail
2370:eastern blacknose dace
2281:
2243:, and many species of
2159:
1385:
1189:93 ft (28 m)
1112:Lodges are located at
1109:
1068:Dundo Group Campground
1059:Big Meadows Campground
1056:Mathews Arm Campground
1044:Campgrounds and cabins
1019:
984:
914:
846:
788:
744:
700:
674:George Freeman Pollock
588:
402:
394:
382:
363:. The highest peak is
5685:Piney Grove Flatwoods
5580:Folly Mills Creek Fen
5390:Prince Edward-Gallion
5285:Appomattox-Buckingham
5077:Culpeper Battlefields
3773:Great Smoky Mountains
3549:National Park Service
3137:Slone, Harry (1991).
3123:National Park Service
2272:
2154:
1764:Mean minimum °F (°C)
1554:Mean maximum °F (°C)
1383:
1105:Massanutten Lodge at
1104:
1091:Lewis Mountain Cabins
1017:
1009:National Scenic Byway
983:'s Pinnacles Overlook
978:
908:
841:
831:coordinated with the
783:
754:University of Chicago
742:
726:Franklin D. Roosevelt
695:
606:National Park Service
582:
473:in the park includes
400:
392:
226:National Park Service
6069:Blue Ridge Mountains
5470:Camp Branch Wetlands
4548:Maggie L. Walker NHS
2577:on September 1, 2010
2403:Hawley, Pennsylvania
2182:) within an eastern
1484:Record high °F (°C)
1420:). According to the
721:Blue Ridge Mountains
592:Creation of the park
561:differential erosion
545:fold and thrust belt
333:Blue Ridge Mountains
90:Show map of Virginia
87:Location in Virginia
5976:Registered Historic
5805:G. Richard Thompson
5680:Pedlar Hills Glades
5655:North Landing River
5217:Smith Mountain Lake
4593:National Cemeteries
3778:Guadalupe Mountains
3733:Gates of the Arctic
3434:. September 2, 2014
3317:on November 8, 2011
2906:xroads.virginia.edu
2853:www.readthehook.com
2275:American black bear
2190:), also known as a
2092:Average snowy days
1834:Record low °F (°C)
1398:timber rattlesnakes
1023:Backcountry camping
909:Mount Marshall and
557:Alleghanian orogeny
536:, a regional-scale
222:Governing body
178: /
5978:Places in Virginia
5955:White Oak Mountain
5495:Cherry Orchard Bog
5460:Bull Run Mountains
5001:National Estuarine
4829:Great Dismal Swamp
4709:Blue Ridge Parkway
4528:Cumberland Gap NHP
3933:Wrangell–St. Elias
3908:Theodore Roosevelt
3462:Piedmont Virginian
3432:Augusta Free Press
2346:Carolina chickadee
2282:
2160:
1386:
1290:Doyles River Falls
1110:
1020:
1003:, and a number of
985:
915:
881:Blue Ridge Parkway
847:
789:
786:Hawksbill Mountain
745:
730:Blue Ridge Parkway
717:Horace M. Albright
701:
602:Theodore Roosevelt
589:
527:surficial deposits
508:Catoctin Formation
403:
395:
365:Hawksbill Mountain
6041:
6040:
6009:
6008:
5963:
5962:
5760:Chester F. Phelps
5705:Savage Neck Dunes
5650:New Point Comfort
5570:Elklick Woodlands
5520:Cleveland Barrens
5107:High Bridge Trail
5102:Grayson Highlands
5052:Breaks Interstate
5019:
5018:
5003:Research Reserves
4754:Appalachian Trail
4701:National Parkways
4543:Harpers Ferry NHP
4415:
4414:
3788:Hawaiʻi Volcanoes
3222:on March 20, 2007
3029:on March 17, 2015
2330:white-tailed deer
2324:, two species of
2249:American chestnut
2143:
2142:
1408:According to the
1384:Dark Hollow Falls
1353:South River Falls
1318:
1317:
1308:42 ft (13 m)
1278:83 ft (25 m)
1275:South River Falls
1264:81 ft (25 m)
1246:70 ft (21 m)
1243:Dark Hollow Falls
1232:67 ft (20 m)
1218:34 ft (10 m)
1203:86 ft (26 m)
1097:public use cabins
999:riding, camping,
993:Appalachian Trail
939:Big Meadows Lodge
666:William E. Carson
569:tectonic activity
349:Virginia Piedmont
241:
240:
209:December 26, 1935
182:38.533°N 78.350°W
139:Nearest city
16:(Redirected from
6141:
6134:Western Virginia
6054:IUCN Category II
5972:
5910:Robert W. Duncan
5865:Mattaponi Bluffs
5795:Fairystone Farms
5732:Management Areas
5700:Redrock Mountain
5675:Parramore Island
5545:Cumberland Marsh
5465:Bush Mill Stream
5455:Buffalo Mountain
5340:Devil's Backbone
5207:Shenandoah River
5157:Middle Peninsula
5030:
4956:James River Face
4943:Wilderness Areas
4874:National Forests
4849:Plum Tree Island
4819:Fisherman Island
4786:Wildlife Refuges
4466:
4442:
4435:
4428:
4419:
4395:
4389:
4382:
4375:
4368:
4361:
4354:
4347:
4340:
4333:
4326:
4319:
4312:
4305:
4298:
4291:
4284:
4277:
4270:
4263:
4256:
4249:
4242:
4235:
4228:
4221:
4214:
4207:
4200:
4193:
4186:
4179:
4172:
4165:
4158:
4151:
4144:
4137:
4130:
4123:
4116:
4109:
4102:
4095:
4088:
4081:
4074:
4067:
4060:
4053:
4046:
4039:
4032:
4025:
4018:
4011:
4004:
3997:
3990:
3983:
3976:
3969:
3962:
3873:Petrified Forest
3768:Great Sand Dunes
3688:Carlsbad Caverns
3620:
3613:
3606:
3597:
3546:
3541:
3540:
3538:Official website
3523:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3504:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3493:
3487:poconorecord.com
3479:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3468:
3459:
3450:
3444:
3443:
3441:
3439:
3424:
3418:
3417:
3415:
3413:
3399:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3388:
3377:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3366:
3355:
3349:
3348:
3346:
3344:
3333:
3327:
3326:
3324:
3322:
3307:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3296:
3285:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3274:
3263:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3252:
3238:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3227:
3218:. Archived from
3212:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3187:
3178:
3177:
3159:
3153:
3152:
3134:
3128:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3088:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3077:
3063:
3057:
3056:
3045:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3018:
3009:
2989:
2983:
2980:
2974:
2971:
2965:
2962:
2956:
2953:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2942:
2928:
2922:
2921:
2919:
2917:
2912:on March 8, 2000
2908:. Archived from
2898:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2887:
2873:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2859:
2845:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2819:
2813:
2810:
2804:
2801:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2790:
2776:
2770:
2767:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2725:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2690:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2679:
2674:on March 3, 2016
2670:. Archived from
2660:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2633:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2622:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2594:
2586:
2584:
2582:
2576:
2570:. Archived from
2569:
2561:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2538:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2527:
2513:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2496:
2488:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2466:
2460:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2444:
2436:
2399:Hawley Silk Mill
2358:peregrine falcon
2284:Mammals include
2279:Old Rag Mountain
1432:
1362:
1350:
1341:Rose River Falls
1338:
1326:
1169:
911:Hogback Mountain
851:Great Depression
829:Arthur Rothstein
821:Arno B. Cammerer
798:new state agency
380:and stewardship.
357:wilderness areas
341:Shenandoah River
326:
325:
322:
321:
318:
315:
312:
309:
306:
303:
300:
297:
294:
285:
284:
281:
280:
277:
274:
271:
268:
265:
262:
259:
256:
253:
193:
192:
190:
189:
188:
183:
179:
176:
175:
174:
171:
119:
110:
109:
103:
91:
82:
81:
75:
58:
32:
21:
6149:
6148:
6144:
6143:
6142:
6140:
6139:
6138:
6044:
6043:
6042:
6037:
6005:
5977:
5959:
5935:T. M. Gathright
5875:Mockhorn Island
5810:Game Farm Marsh
5775:Clinch Mountain
5731:
5724:
5660:Northwest River
5640:Mutton Hunk Fen
5620:Lyndhurst Ponds
5565:Difficult Creek
5535:Crawford's Knob
5530:Cowbane Prairie
5421:
5414:
5325:Conway Robinson
5271:
5262:Wilderness Road
5172:New River Trail
5042:Bear Creek Lake
5015:
5002:
4995:
4937:
4910:Other NPS Areas
4904:
4886:
4868:
4785:
4778:
4746:National Trails
4740:
4695:
4587:
4559:
4552:
4503:Arlington House
4489:
4482:
4455:
4449:Protected areas
4446:
4416:
4411:
4397:
4396:
4390:
4383:
4376:
4369:
4362:
4355:
4348:
4341:
4334:
4327:
4320:
4313:
4306:
4299:
4292:
4285:
4278:
4271:
4264:
4257:
4250:
4243:
4236:
4229:
4222:
4215:
4208:
4201:
4194:
4187:
4180:
4173:
4166:
4159:
4152:
4145:
4138:
4131:
4124:
4117:
4110:
4103:
4096:
4089:
4082:
4075:
4068:
4061:
4054:
4047:
4040:
4033:
4026:
4019:
4012:
4005:
3998:
3991:
3984:
3977:
3970:
3963:
3952:
3858:New River Gorge
3838:Lassen Volcanic
3708:Cuyahoga Valley
3693:Channel Islands
3629:
3624:
3563:park's vicinity
3536:
3535:
3532:
3527:
3526:
3516:
3514:
3506:
3505:
3501:
3491:
3489:
3481:
3480:
3476:
3466:
3464:
3457:
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3411:
3409:
3401:
3400:
3396:
3386:
3384:
3379:
3378:
3374:
3364:
3362:
3357:
3356:
3352:
3342:
3340:
3335:
3334:
3330:
3320:
3318:
3309:
3308:
3304:
3294:
3292:
3287:
3286:
3282:
3272:
3270:
3265:
3264:
3260:
3250:
3248:
3240:
3239:
3235:
3225:
3223:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3199:
3197:
3189:
3188:
3181:
3174:
3161:
3160:
3156:
3149:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3115:
3111:
3101:
3099:
3090:
3089:
3085:
3075:
3073:
3065:
3064:
3060:
3047:
3046:
3042:
3032:
3030:
3020:
3019:
3012:
2999:Wayback Machine
2990:
2986:
2981:
2977:
2972:
2968:
2963:
2959:
2954:
2950:
2940:
2938:
2930:
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2915:
2913:
2900:
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2847:
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2821:
2820:
2816:
2811:
2807:
2802:
2798:
2788:
2786:
2778:
2777:
2773:
2768:
2764:
2754:
2752:
2744:
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2739:
2729:
2727:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2712:
2702:
2700:
2692:
2691:
2687:
2677:
2675:
2662:
2661:
2657:
2647:
2645:
2635:
2634:
2630:
2620:
2618:
2609:
2608:
2604:
2587:
2580:
2578:
2574:
2567:
2565:"Archived copy"
2563:
2562:
2558:
2548:
2546:
2540:
2539:
2535:
2525:
2523:
2515:
2514:
2510:
2500:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2489:
2485:
2475:
2473:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2437:
2433:
2428:
2411:
2394:
2382:
2380:Ranger programs
2350:red-tailed hawk
2267:
2253:chestnut blight
2233:mountain laurel
2149:
2144:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1406:
1378:
1373:
1366:
1365:Jones Run Falls
1363:
1354:
1351:
1342:
1339:
1330:
1329:Whiteoak Canyon
1327:
1305:Jones Run Falls
1200:Whiteoak Canyon
1164:
1075:
1046:
1041:
1025:
973:
968:
960:mountain people
947:
931:Panorama Resort
903:
793:George C. Peery
758:Fay-Cooper Cole
670:Chestnut blight
646:Calvin Coolidge
594:
577:
459:
387:
373:
291:
287:
250:
246:
187:38.533; -78.350
186:
184:
180:
177:
172:
169:
167:
165:
164:
134:, United States
123:
122:
121:
120:
117:
116:
113:
112:
111:
94:
93:
92:
89:
88:
85:
84:
83:
61:
49:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6147:
6145:
6137:
6136:
6131:
6126:
6121:
6116:
6111:
6106:
6101:
6096:
6091:
6086:
6081:
6076:
6071:
6066:
6061:
6056:
6046:
6045:
6039:
6038:
6036:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6020:
6014:
6011:
6010:
6007:
6006:
6004:
6003:
5998:
5993:
5988:
5982:
5980:
5969:
5965:
5964:
5961:
5960:
5958:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5930:Stewarts Creek
5927:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5820:Hardware River
5817:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5736:
5734:
5726:
5725:
5723:
5722:
5717:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5645:Naked Mountain
5642:
5637:
5635:Mount Joy Pond
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5615:Johnsons Creek
5612:
5610:Hughlett Point
5607:
5605:Hickory Hollow
5602:
5600:Grayson Glades
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5555:Deep Run Ponds
5552:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5505:Chestnut Ridge
5502:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5445:Big Spring Bog
5442:
5437:
5432:
5426:
5424:
5416:
5415:
5413:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5387:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5350:First Mountain
5347:
5342:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5317:
5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5281:
5279:
5273:
5272:
5270:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5227:Staunton River
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5167:Natural Tunnel
5164:
5162:Natural Bridge
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5038:
5036:
5027:
5021:
5020:
5017:
5016:
5014:
5013:
5011:Chesapeake Bay
5007:
5005:
4997:
4996:
4994:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4981:Rough Mountain
4978:
4973:
4971:Ramsey's Draft
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4951:Barbours Creek
4947:
4945:
4939:
4938:
4936:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4914:
4912:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4902:
4896:
4894:
4888:
4887:
4885:
4884:
4878:
4876:
4870:
4869:
4867:
4866:
4864:Wallops Island
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4790:
4788:
4780:
4779:
4777:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4750:
4748:
4742:
4741:
4739:
4738:
4733:
4727:
4725:Peaks of Otter
4722:
4717:
4711:
4705:
4703:
4697:
4696:
4694:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4641:Fredericksburg
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4597:
4595:
4589:
4588:
4586:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4564:
4562:
4554:
4553:
4551:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4533:Fort Monroe NM
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4494:
4492:
4484:
4483:
4481:
4480:
4474:
4472:
4470:National Parks
4463:
4457:
4456:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4437:
4430:
4422:
4413:
4412:
4402:
4399:
4398:
4384:
4377:
4370:
4363:
4356:
4349:
4342:
4335:
4328:
4321:
4314:
4307:
4300:
4293:
4286:
4279:
4272:
4265:
4258:
4251:
4244:
4237:
4230:
4223:
4216:
4209:
4202:
4195:
4188:
4181:
4174:
4167:
4160:
4153:
4146:
4139:
4132:
4125:
4118:
4111:
4104:
4097:
4090:
4083:
4076:
4069:
4062:
4055:
4048:
4041:
4034:
4027:
4020:
4013:
4006:
3999:
3992:
3985:
3978:
3971:
3964:
3957:
3956:
3955:
3953:
3951:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3913:Virgin Islands
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3888:Rocky Mountain
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3863:North Cascades
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3643:American Samoa
3640:
3634:
3631:
3630:
3625:
3623:
3622:
3615:
3608:
3600:
3594:
3593:
3588:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3556:
3551:
3531:
3530:External links
3528:
3525:
3524:
3499:
3474:
3445:
3419:
3394:
3372:
3350:
3328:
3302:
3280:
3258:
3233:
3207:
3179:
3172:
3154:
3147:
3129:
3109:
3083:
3058:
3040:
3010:
2984:
2975:
2966:
2957:
2948:
2923:
2893:
2865:
2837:
2814:
2805:
2796:
2771:
2762:
2737:
2710:
2685:
2655:
2636:Hatcher, R.D.
2628:
2602:
2556:
2533:
2508:
2483:
2461:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2422:
2417:
2410:
2407:
2393:
2390:
2381:
2378:
2266:
2263:
2148:
2145:
2141:
2140:
2133:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1901:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
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1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
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1625:
1621:
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1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
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1565:
1560:
1555:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1436:
1430:
1426:hardiness zone
1405:
1402:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1364:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1321:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1294:
1291:
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1282:
1279:
1276:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1163:
1160:
1136:Herbert Hoover
1107:Skyland Resort
1099:
1098:
1092:
1089:
1084:
1082:Skyland Resort
1074:
1071:
1070:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1029:Leave No Trace
1024:
1021:
972:
969:
967:
964:
946:
945:Social history
943:
927:Skyland Resort
902:
899:
894:Skyland Resort
762:Mandel Sherman
705:eminent domain
679:Herbert Hoover
655:eminent domain
642:Stephen Mather
638:Woodrow Wilson
620:in 1906, then
598:Henry D. Flood
593:
590:
576:
573:
510:metamorphosed
488:Neoproterozoic
464:drainage basin
458:
455:
386:
383:
372:
369:
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5908:
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5903:
5901:
5900:Ragged Island
5898:
5896:
5895:Princess Anne
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5880:Oakley Forest
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5870:Merrimac Farm
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5845:Horsepen Lake
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5830:Hidden Valley
5828:
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5818:
5816:
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5808:
5806:
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5801:
5798:
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5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5780:Crooked Creek
5778:
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5710:Unthanks Cave
5708:
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5695:Poor Mountain
5693:
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5670:Parkers Marsh
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5590:Grafton Ponds
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5560:Dendron Swamp
5558:
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5550:Dameron Marsh
5548:
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5538:
5536:
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5525:Clover Hollow
5523:
5521:
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5515:Chub Sandhill
5513:
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5510:Chotank Creek
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5430:Antioch Pines
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5411:
5408:
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5398:
5396:
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5388:
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5370:Moore's Creek
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5320:Chilton Woods
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5280:
5278:
5277:State forests
5274:
5268:
5265:
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5258:
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5242:Tabb Monument
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5118:
5117:Hungry Mother
5115:
5113:
5112:Holliday Lake
5110:
5108:
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5100:
5098:
5097:First Landing
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4961:Mountain Lake
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4636:Fort Harrison
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4578:Petersburg NB
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3853:Mount Rainier
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3798:Indiana Dunes
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3329:
3321:September 14,
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3295:September 10,
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3148:0-88150-207-3
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3033:September 10,
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3004:vahistory.org
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2858:September 14,
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2830:September 14,
2825:
2824:"Hollow folk"
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2809:
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2789:September 14,
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2374:bluehead chub
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2168:A. W. Kuchler
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1371:Hiking trails
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1254:Skyline Drive
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1152:fly fisherman
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1140:Rapidan River
1138:built on the
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1129:
1125:
1123:
1122:Harry F. Byrd
1120:. The park's
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989:Skyline Drive
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935:Swift Run Gap
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840:
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825:Skyline Drive
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756:sociologists
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734:Skyline Drive
731:
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698:Skyline Drive
694:
690:
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683:Rapidan River
680:
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662:Harry F. Byrd
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539:
535:
534:anticlinorium
530:
528:
525:
521:
517:
516:Clastic rocks
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
486:
485:metamorphosed
482:
479:
476:
475:Grenville-age
472:
467:
465:
456:
454:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
407:Skyline Drive
399:
391:
384:
381:
376:
370:
368:
366:
362:
358:
354:
353:Skyline Drive
351:to the east.
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
324:
283:
245:
237:
234:
230:
227:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
200:
196:
191:
163:
159:
156:
152:
148:
144:
141:
133:
130:
102:
74:
64:
60:Skyline Drive
57:
52:
47:
46:national park
43:
42:IUCN category
38:
33:
27:
19:
5770:Chickahominy
5755:Briery Creek
5720:Wreck Island
5490:The Channels
5440:Bethel Beach
5420:Natural Area
5315:Chesterfield
5252:Westmoreland
5072:Clinch River
5067:Claytor Lake
4991:Three Ridges
4986:Saint Mary's
4844:Occoquan Bay
4824:Glenn Martin
4814:Featherstone
4799:Chincoteague
4661:Poplar Grove
4656:Hampton VAMC
4583:Richmond NBP
4573:Manassas NBP
4523:Colonial NHP
4477:
3902:
3843:Mammoth Cave
3828:Kobuk Valley
3823:Kings Canyon
3818:Kenai Fjords
3753:Grand Canyon
3738:Gateway Arch
3723:Dry Tortugas
3713:Death Valley
3683:Capitol Reef
3673:Bryce Canyon
3583:
3515:. Retrieved
3511:
3502:
3490:. Retrieved
3486:
3477:
3465:. Retrieved
3461:
3448:
3436:. Retrieved
3431:
3422:
3410:. Retrieved
3406:
3397:
3387:September 1,
3385:. Retrieved
3375:
3365:September 1,
3363:. Retrieved
3353:
3343:September 1,
3341:. Retrieved
3331:
3319:. Retrieved
3315:the original
3305:
3293:. Retrieved
3283:
3271:. Retrieved
3269:. Data Basin
3261:
3249:. Retrieved
3236:
3224:. Retrieved
3220:the original
3210:
3198:. Retrieved
3194:
3163:
3157:
3138:
3132:
3121:
3112:
3100:. Retrieved
3095:
3086:
3074:. Retrieved
3070:
3061:
3052:
3043:
3031:. Retrieved
3027:the original
3002:
2987:
2978:
2969:
2960:
2951:
2939:. Retrieved
2935:
2926:
2914:. Retrieved
2910:the original
2905:
2896:
2884:. Retrieved
2880:
2856:. Retrieved
2852:
2828:. Retrieved
2817:
2808:
2799:
2787:. Retrieved
2783:
2774:
2765:
2753:. Retrieved
2749:
2740:
2728:. Retrieved
2719:
2713:
2701:. Retrieved
2697:
2688:
2676:. Retrieved
2672:the original
2667:
2658:
2646:. Retrieved
2641:
2631:
2619:. Retrieved
2615:
2605:
2579:. Retrieved
2572:the original
2559:
2547:. Retrieved
2536:
2524:. Retrieved
2520:
2511:
2499:. Retrieved
2486:
2474:. Retrieved
2464:
2447:. Retrieved
2434:
2395:
2385:Park rangers
2383:
2283:
2229:tulip poplar
2202:prickly pear
2196:
2187:
2179:
2164:Mid-Atlantic
2161:
1908:inches (mm)
1424:, the plant
1417:
1407:
1387:
1181:Description
1165:
1149:
1145:
1128:Rapidan Camp
1126:
1111:
1076:
1048:Most of the
1047:
1033:
1026:
986:
956:
948:
924:
916:
878:
874:Harold Ickes
848:
832:
818:
814:Rappahannock
803:
790:
773:
749:Miriam Sizer
746:
713:
702:
687:Rapidan Camp
659:
626:Grand Canyon
595:
585:leaf peeping
531:
468:
460:
427:Rappahannock
404:
378:
374:
371:Park purpose
243:
242:
26:
18:Limber Trail
5920:Short Hills
5850:James River
5665:Ogdens Cave
5625:Magothy Bay
5595:Grassy Hill
5585:Goshen Pass
5540:Crow's Nest
5395:Sandy Point
5375:Niday Place
5212:Sky Meadows
5197:Seven Bends
5177:Occoneechee
5142:Machicomoco
5137:Leesylvania
5122:James River
5087:Fairy Stone
5034:State parks
4834:James River
4676:Seven Pines
4621:Cold Harbor
4611:Balls Bluff
3938:Yellowstone
3923:White Sands
3808:Joshua Tree
3803:Isle Royale
3793:Hot Springs
3763:Great Basin
3758:Grand Teton
3748:Glacier Bay
3703:Crater Lake
3678:Canyonlands
3102:October 29,
3096:www.nps.gov
2881:www.nps.gov
2784:www.nps.gov
2648:January 23,
2362:brook trout
2354:wild turkey
2310:river otter
1394:black bears
1261:Lewis Falls
1186:Overall Run
1156:brook trout
1154:for native
1118:Big Meadows
1087:Big Meadows
1050:campgrounds
966:Attractions
890:Killahevlin
833:Hollow Folk
774:Hollow Folk
709:Prohibition
610:Crater Lake
563:during the
542:Appalachian
492:sedimentary
443:Front Royal
206:Established
185: /
161:Coordinates
147:Front Royal
6048:Categories
5945:Ware Creek
5940:Turkeycock
5855:Land's End
5840:Hog Island
5800:Featherfin
5785:Dick Cross
5745:Big Survey
5575:False Cape
5485:The Cedars
5450:Blackwater
5400:South Quay
5345:Dragon Run
5335:Cumberland
5267:York River
5247:Twin Lakes
5202:Shot Tower
5182:Pocahontas
5152:Mayo River
5147:Mason Neck
5092:False Cape
5047:Belle Isle
4809:Mason Neck
4720:Mabry Mill
4686:Winchester
4616:City Point
4601:Alexandria
4478:Shenandoah
3903:Shenandoah
3848:Mesa Verde
3833:Lake Clark
3728:Everglades
3512:News Eagle
2581:August 31,
2426:References
2372:, and the
2342:barred owl
2286:black bear
2258:Gypsy moth
1229:Rose River
1162:Waterfalls
1005:waterfalls
979:View from
842:View from
766:Li'l Abner
711:started).
624:in 1917).
618:Mesa Verde
524:Quaternary
500:formations
447:Waynesboro
419:Rockingham
155:Waynesboro
5885:Pettigrew
5860:Mattaponi
5790:Doe Creek
5750:Big Woods
5480:Cave Hill
5435:Bald Knob
5422:Preserves
5330:Crawfords
5310:Charlotte
5290:Big Woods
5257:Widewater
5237:Sweet Run
5132:Lake Anna
5127:Kiptopeke
5062:Chippokes
4976:Rich Hole
4854:Presquile
4839:Nansemond
4606:Arlington
4408:elevation
3928:Wind Cave
3918:Voyageurs
3878:Pinnacles
3783:Haleakalā
3517:March 12,
3492:March 12,
3467:March 12,
3438:March 12,
2476:March 11,
2318:woodchuck
2273:Juvenile
1215:Cedar Run
1001:bicycling
997:horseback
616:in 1903,
614:Wind Cave
612:in 1902,
538:Paleozoic
439:Albemarle
385:Geography
5890:Powhatan
5835:Highland
5765:Cavalier
5730:Wildlife
5690:Pinnacle
5380:Old Flat
5365:Matthews
5305:Channels
5295:Bourassa
5187:Powhatan
4794:Back Bay
4784:National
4691:Yorktown
4681:Staunton
4671:Richmond
4666:Quantico
4646:Glendale
4631:Danville
4626:Culpeper
4453:Virginia
3943:Yosemite
3698:Congaree
3663:Biscayne
3658:Big Bend
3653:Badlands
3273:July 18,
3251:July 18,
3200:June 26,
2995:Archived
2621:June 17,
2616:usgs.gov
2591:cite web
2549:July 24,
2526:June 17,
2521:nvcc.edu
2449:March 7,
2409:See also
2366:longnose
2265:Wildlife
2237:milkweed
2221:chestnut
2209:hemlocks
2184:hardwood
2136:Source:
1973:(1,308)
1904:Average
1829:(−21.3)
1819:(−11.1)
1779:(−13.9)
1774:(−18.2)
1769:(−19.0)
1178:Location
1134:retreat
919:Jim Crow
770:Dogpatch
565:Cenozoic
520:Cambrian
496:volcanic
481:basement
478:granitic
401:Park map
337:Virginia
214:Visitors
132:Virginia
128:Location
5996:Bridges
5905:Rapidan
5405:Whitney
5360:Lesesne
5082:Douthat
5057:Caledon
4651:Hampton
4461:Federal
3898:Sequoia
3893:Saguaro
3883:Redwood
3868:Olympic
3743:Glacier
3547:of the
3407:nps.gov
3071:nps.gov
3053:lnt.org
2730:May 16,
2698:jmu.edu
2501:May 18,
2314:opossum
2302:raccoon
2241:daisies
2217:hickory
2147:Ecology
1814:(−4.9)
1789:(−1.4)
1784:(−7.9)
1754:(−5.9)
1749:(−0.9)
1734:(13.3)
1729:(14.0)
1724:(11.9)
1709:(−3.2)
1704:(−6.8)
1699:(−7.6)
1689:(13.6)
1674:(14.8)
1669:(20.1)
1664:(23.4)
1659:(24.1)
1654:(22.4)
1649:(18.6)
1644:(13.8)
1619:(29.3)
1614:(14.3)
1609:(18.3)
1604:(23.1)
1599:(27.2)
1594:(28.6)
1589:(29.1)
1579:(26.2)
1574:(24.3)
1569:(19.1)
1564:(14.2)
1559:(12.5)
1404:Climate
1390:cascade
1132:fishing
1114:Skyland
1039:Lodging
962:began.
806:Madison
575:History
553:faulted
504:Columns
471:Bedrock
457:Geology
431:Madison
423:Augusta
335:in the
327:) is a
286:(often
232:Website
173:78°21′W
170:38°32′N
5950:Weston
5825:Havens
5740:Amelia
5300:Browne
4966:Priest
3813:Katmai
3718:Denali
3648:Arches
3638:Acadia
3412:May 7,
3170:
3145:
3076:May 7,
2703:May 7,
2678:May 7,
2668:wm.edu
2443:(XLSX)
2356:. The
2352:, and
2338:cougar
2332:, and
2322:bobcat
2306:beaver
2290:coyote
2213:mosses
2205:cactus
2043:(104)
2033:(9.1)
2028:(1.8)
1998:(4.3)
1963:(110)
1958:(123)
1953:(130)
1948:(124)
1943:(115)
1938:(120)
1933:(120)
1928:(102)
1923:(103)
1899:(−34)
1894:(−26)
1889:(−18)
1884:(−11)
1854:(−14)
1849:(−21)
1844:(−26)
1839:(−34)
1824:(−17)
1809:(1.2)
1799:(7.9)
1794:(4.3)
1759:(3.2)
1744:(4.3)
1739:(9.9)
1719:(7.5)
1714:(2.1)
1684:(3.8)
1679:(8.9)
1639:(7.7)
1634:(3.5)
1629:(2.3)
1440:Month
1175:Height
1073:Lodges
933:, and
812:, and
634:Acadia
622:Denali
587:season
549:folded
512:basalt
437:, and
435:Greene
421:, and
411:Warren
345:valley
151:Elkton
5968:Other
5915:Saxis
5355:Hawks
5025:State
3458:(PDF)
2724:(PDF)
2575:(PDF)
2568:(PDF)
2495:(PDF)
2401:, in
2326:foxes
2245:ferns
2225:maple
2198:Pines
2038:(17)
1993:(21)
1988:(24)
1983:(27)
1971:51.51
1968:(92)
1918:(78)
1913:(90)
1879:(−4)
1874:(−1)
1864:(−1)
1859:(−8)
1584:(28)
1549:(35)
1544:(20)
1539:(24)
1534:(29)
1529:(32)
1524:(33)
1519:(35)
1514:(31)
1509:(32)
1504:(31)
1499:(26)
1494:(19)
1489:(20)
1479:Year
1172:Falls
863:Luray
861:near
451:Luray
143:Luray
5410:Zoar
5385:Paul
4406:(by
3948:Zion
3561:and
3519:2016
3494:2016
3469:2016
3440:2016
3414:2015
3389:2007
3367:2007
3345:2007
3323:2017
3297:2007
3275:2019
3253:2019
3228:2017
3202:2012
3168:ISBN
3143:ISBN
3104:2022
3078:2015
3035:2007
2943:2017
2918:2017
2888:2017
2860:2017
2832:2017
2791:2017
2757:2017
2732:2024
2705:2015
2680:2015
2650:2012
2623:2015
2597:link
2583:2010
2551:2015
2528:2015
2503:2021
2478:2019
2451:2012
2368:and
2211:and
2156:Deer
2087:118
2041:41.0
2023:(0)
2018:(0)
2013:(0)
2008:(0)
2003:(0)
1981:10.5
1966:3.61
1961:4.35
1956:4.86
1951:5.12
1946:4.88
1941:4.54
1936:4.71
1931:4.73
1926:4.03
1921:4.06
1916:3.06
1911:3.56
1869:(1)
1827:−6.4
1817:12.1
1812:23.1
1807:34.2
1804:(7)
1797:46.2
1792:39.7
1787:29.4
1782:17.8
1772:−0.8
1767:−2.2
1757:37.8
1752:21.4
1747:30.4
1742:39.8
1737:49.8
1732:55.9
1727:57.2
1722:53.4
1717:45.5
1712:35.7
1707:26.3
1702:19.7
1697:18.4
1687:56.5
1682:38.9
1677:48.0
1672:58.7
1667:68.1
1662:74.1
1657:75.4
1652:72.3
1647:65.5
1642:56.9
1637:45.9
1632:38.3
1627:36.1
1617:84.7
1612:57.8
1607:64.9
1602:73.6
1597:80.9
1592:83.4
1587:84.3
1577:79.2
1572:75.8
1567:66.4
1562:57.6
1557:54.5
1476:Dec
1473:Nov
1470:Oct
1467:Sep
1464:Aug
1461:Jul
1458:Jun
1455:May
1452:Apr
1449:Mar
1446:Feb
1443:Jan
1396:and
1116:and
810:Page
760:and
632:and
630:Zion
494:and
415:Page
198:Area
44:II (
4451:of
3120:."
2277:at
2180:104
2176:oak
2170:'s
2131:28
2075:10
2072:11
2069:12
2066:11
2063:12
2060:10
2057:10
2036:6.6
2031:3.6
2026:0.7
1996:1.7
1991:8.4
1986:9.5
1897:−29
1892:−15
1842:−14
1837:−29
1777:6.9
1418:Dfb
689:).
506:of
6050::
3510:.
3485:.
3460:.
3430:.
3405:.
3244:.
3193:.
3182:^
3094:.
3069:.
3051:.
3013:^
3001:.
2934:.
2904:.
2879:.
2868:^
2851:.
2840:^
2782:.
2748:.
2696:.
2666:.
2640:.
2614:.
2593:}}
2589:{{
2519:.
2405:.
2376:.
2364:,
2348:,
2344:,
2328:,
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2316:,
2312:,
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2304:,
2300:,
2296:,
2292:,
2288:,
2239:,
2235:,
2231:,
2227:,
2223:,
2219:,
2194:.
2188:25
2128:5
2125:3
2122:0
2119:0
2116:0
2113:0
2110:0
2107:0
2104:1
2101:4
2098:6
2095:7
2084:8
2081:8
2078:9
2054:8
2051:9
1887:−1
1882:12
1877:25
1872:31
1867:34
1862:31
1857:18
1847:−6
1802:44
1582:83
1547:95
1542:68
1537:75
1532:84
1527:90
1522:92
1517:95
1512:88
1507:89
1502:87
1497:78
1492:66
1487:68
1158:.
1011:.
929:,
808:,
628:,
551:,
502:.
453:.
433:,
429:,
417:,
413:,
317:oʊ
276:oʊ
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3080:.
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2945:.
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2890:.
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2455:(
2453:.
2178:(
2021:0
2016:0
2011:0
2006:0
2001:0
1852:7
1822:2
323:/
320:ə
314:d
311:ˌ
308:n
305:ə
302:n
299:æ
296:ʃ
293:ˈ
290:/
282:/
279:ə
273:d
270:ˌ
267:n
264:ə
261:n
258:ɛ
255:ʃ
252:ˈ
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