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124:, and the like. Over geological epochs, these openings expand as the walls are dissolved to become caves or cave systems.
261:). The acid then dissolves the limestone from below, rather than from above, by acidic water percolating to the surface.
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The largest and most abundant solutional caves are located in limestone. Limestone caves are often adorned with
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and underground drainage. Solutional caves in this landform—topography are often called karst caves.
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are now believed to be examples of another type of solutional cave. They were formed by H
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Limestone dissolves under the action of rainwater and groundwater charged with H
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69:. It is the most frequently occurring type of cave. It can also form in other
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give off sulfurous fumes. This gas mixes with ground water and forms H
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210:. The dissolution process produces a distinctive landform known as "
34:
Gypsum stalactites in a cave formed via sulfuric acid dissolution (
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formations produced through slow precipitation. These include
182:. These secondary mineral deposits in caves are called "
127:
The portions of a solutional cave that are below the
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1895:
Southern
African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
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131:or the local level of the groundwater are flooded.
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245:) gas rising from below, where reservoirs of
8:
414:"Learning about caves; how caves are formed"
1870:Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining
338:Oregon Caves National Monument and Preserve
1843:History of hard rock miners' organizations
1721:
1341:
1082:
1063:
1049:
1041:
541:
527:
519:
1828:American Society of Reclamation Sciences
1675:North American Aerospace Defense Command
485:Goudie, Andrew; Panizza, Mario (2014).
458:Encyclopedia of Caves and Karst Science
384:
7:
65:usually formed in the soluble rock
1768:Journey to the Center of the Earth
1670:Naples underground geothermal zone
393:"Solution Caves - Caves and Karst"
25:
1885:Research Centre for Deep Drilling
1880:International Union of Speleology
560:Glossary of caving and speleology
506:
470:Young, Rob; Norby, Lisa (2009).
1875:Institution of Mining Engineers
1640:Underground Great Wall of China
949:Nok and Mamproug Cave Dwellings
1890:Society of Economic Geologists
1858:National Speleological Society
1808:Wonderland (fictional country)
326:Russell Cave National Monument
1:
1315:Subterranean rivers of London
488:Encyclopedia of Geomorphology
478:Geological Society of America
1848:National Mine Map Repository
1290:Jewel Cave National Monument
1002:List of UK caving fatalities
314:Jewel Cave National Monument
1853:National Mining Association
1680:Raven Rock Mountain Complex
2052:
1793:Tunnels in popular culture
1635:Underground City, Montreal
1630:Underground City (Beijing)
1575:816 Nuclear Military Plant
1305:Mammoth Cave National Park
418:Journey into amazing caves
398:U.S. National Park Service
373:König-Otto-Tropfsteinhöhle
320:Mammoth Cave National Park
206:) and naturally occurring
1600:Cheyenne Mountain Complex
1025:
557:
289:List of caves in Malaysia
222:Sulfuric acid dissolution
190:Carbonic acid dissolution
1966:Underground construction
1838:Cave Research Foundation
978:Cave of Forgotten Dreams
438:German Knowledge (XXG):
104:is dissolved by natural
1452:Missile launch facility
1325:Wind Cave National Park
971:Diving into the Unknown
332:Wind Cave National Park
1605:Chicago Tunnel Company
1244:Subterranean waterfall
1017:Tham Luang cave rescue
1012:Riesending cave rescue
147:
43:
1620:Kőbánya cellar system
1610:Houston tunnel system
1590:Almadén Mercury Mines
1585:The Caves of Ægissíða
985:The Underground Eiger
473:Geological Monitoring
465:. pp. 417, 1421.
420:. Project Underground
142:
33:
2015:Subterranean warfare
1788:Subterranea (comics)
1773:Moria (Middle-earth)
1753:Allegory of the cave
1737:Subterranean fiction
515:at Wikimedia Commons
214:", characterized by
1971:Tunnel construction
1695:Subterranean Toledo
1690:Subterranean London
1580:Caves of Maastricht
1007:Alpazat cave rescue
652:Types and formation
455:Gunn, John (2004).
361:Quảng Bình Province
112:that seeps through
1993:Mining engineering
1978:Underground living
1803:Underland (Narnia)
1718:Fictional features
1497:Underground hangar
1239:Subterranean river
1234:Subterranean fauna
934:Cave-dwelling Jews
681:Estavelle/Inversac
344:Cumberland Caverns
148:
44:
2023:
2022:
1911:Cave conservation
1816:
1815:
1713:
1712:
1559:Ventilation shaft
1338:Man-made features
1333:
1332:
1038:
1037:
816:(Cave formations)
579:Cave conservation
511:Media related to
303:, Pingtung County
278:, New South Wales
152:calcium carbonate
16:(Redirected from
2043:
1988:Mine exploration
1763:Greek Underworld
1722:
1700:Turda Salt Mines
1685:Shanghai tunnels
1549:Smuggling tunnel
1492:Underground base
1487:Underground city
1402:Dugout (shelter)
1352:Air raid shelter
1342:
1300:Lechuguilla Cave
1280:Castellana Caves
1249:Underground lake
1083:
1079:Natural features
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1051:
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661:Anchihaline cave
643:Caves by country
543:
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481:
466:
461:(2nd ed.).
442:
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301:Black Dwarf Cave
243:hydrogen sulfide
235:Carlsbad Caverns
227:Lechuguilla Cave
36:Lechuguilla Cave
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2019:
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1615:Kosvinsky Kamen
1563:
1422:Fallout shelter
1392:Crypt Mausoleum
1329:
1320:Veryovkina Cave
1310:Reed Flute Cave
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1170:Solutional cave
1118:Communal burrow
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963:Popular culture
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748:Solutional cave
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440:Kolbinger Höhle
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145:Kolbinger Höhle
143:Limestone cave
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135:Limestone caves
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1285:Hang Sơn Đoòng
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666:Breathing cave
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501:External links
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495:. p. 124.
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357:Hang Sơn Đoòng
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334:, South Dakota
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114:bedding planes
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18:Limestone cave
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1946:Civil defense
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1936:Cave painting
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1655:Mustang Caves
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1522:Semi-basement
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1512:Subway system
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1482:Utility vault
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1467:Rock-cut tomb
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1457:Passage grave
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1412:Earth shelter
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1377:Blast shelter
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1295:Kazumura Cave
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1254:Volcanic pipe
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1202:Maternity den
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1197:Magma chamber
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856:
854:
851:
849:
848:Dogtooth spar
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
833:Calcite rafts
831:
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633:Speleogenesis
631:
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584:Cave painting
582:
580:
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574:Biospeleology
572:
571:
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480:. p. 27.
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308:United States
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276:Jenolan Caves
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264:
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260:
259:sulfuric acid
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208:organic acids
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204:carbonic acid
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176:calcite rafts
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52:solution cave
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41:
37:
32:
19:
1916:Cave dweller
1778:Nome Kingdom
1732:Hollow Earth
1645:Maginot Line
1544:Storm cellar
1362:Burial vault
1224:Rock shelter
1169:
1135:Glacier cave
983:
976:
969:
929:Cave dweller
843:Cave popcorn
782:Underground
747:
701:Karst spring
691:Glacier cave
487:
472:
457:
434:
424:September 8,
422:. Retrieved
417:
407:
396:
387:
225:
193:
149:
144:
126:
100:
73:, including
55:
51:
47:
45:
27:Type of cave
2036:Karst caves
1998:Mole people
1983:Mine rescue
1931:Cave rescue
1921:Cave diving
1665:Mogao Caves
1595:Coober Pedy
1554:Spider hole
1532:Septic tank
1472:Root cellar
1123:Paleoburrow
1072:Subterranea
808:Speleothems
721:Exploration
621:Troglofauna
589:Cave survey
567:Main topics
513:Karst caves
346:, Tennessee
233:and nearby
184:speleothems
172:soda straws
164:stalagmites
160:stalactites
129:water table
110:groundwater
2010:Speleology
2003:in fiction
1783:Pellucidar
1625:Kome Caves
1275:Balve Cave
1219:Pit crater
1175:Talus cave
1098:Ant colony
944:Kome Caves
908:Stalagnate
903:Stalagmite
898:Stalactite
888:Soda straw
878:Shelfstone
838:Cave pearl
813:Speleogens
778:Talus cave
711:Ley tunnel
638:Speleology
616:Stygofauna
379:References
322:, Kentucky
231:New Mexico
168:helictites
156:flowstones
40:New Mexico
1926:Cave gate
1798:Underdark
1746:Exemplars
1568:Exemplars
1507:Wine cave
1382:Catacombs
1268:Exemplars
1165:Show cave
1155:Lava tube
1150:Lava cave
995:Incidents
922:Dwellings
863:Helictite
858:Frostwork
853:Flowstone
823:Anthodite
796:Waterfall
768:Suffosion
753:Show cave
738:Salt cave
706:Lava cave
654:processes
604:Equipment
493:Routledge
463:Routledge
328:, Alabama
270:Australia
247:petroleum
216:sinkholes
87:salt beds
67:limestone
2030:Category
1539:Stepwell
1527:Sewerage
1437:Hypogeum
1417:Erdstall
1407:Dry well
1387:Casemate
1367:Borehole
1357:Basement
1229:Sinkhole
1160:Pit Cave
1145:Ice cave
1030:Category
883:Snottite
873:Rimstone
868:Moonmilk
758:Sinkhole
743:Sea cave
728:Pit cave
696:Ice cave
340:, Oregon
283:Malaysia
265:Examples
79:dolomite
1833:Bergamt
1758:Batcave
1705:Yaodong
1442:Manhole
1432:Foxhole
1397:Dungeon
1103:Aquifer
954:Yaodong
828:Boxwork
671:Cave-in
449:Sources
367:Germany
351:Vietnam
180:columns
102:Bedrock
97:Process
1941:Caving
1863:Grotto
1477:Tunnel
1462:Quarry
1372:Bunker
1259:Warren
1182:Cenote
1140:Grotto
1108:Burrow
1093:Alcove
763:Spring
676:Cenote
599:Diving
594:Caving
552:topics
295:Taiwan
178:, and
122:joints
118:faults
91:gypsum
89:, and
83:marble
1725:Types
1427:Fogou
1345:Types
1187:Karst
1086:Types
791:River
733:Ponor
686:Foiba
628:Karst
611:Fauna
212:karst
75:chalk
71:rocks
61:is a
57:karst
54:, or
1502:Well
1447:Mine
1207:Nest
1130:Cave
811:and
786:Lake
773:Sump
716:Mine
550:Cave
426:2009
106:acid
63:cave
59:cave
1212:Bee
913:Vug
241:S (
229:in
186:".
108:in
2032::
491:.
476:.
416:.
395:.
359:,
253:SO
198:CO
174:,
170:,
166:,
162:,
158:,
120:,
116:,
93:.
85:,
81:,
77:,
50:,
46:A
38:,
1064:e
1057:t
1050:v
542:e
535:t
528:v
428:.
401:.
257:(
255:4
251:2
239:2
202:(
200:3
196:2
42:)
20:)
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