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problem by placing a type mold for a letter on the side of a specially keyed matrix (with multiple matrix/molds available for any given letter). The linotype operator would type in a line of text. The machine would drop each matrix with its mold into place, assembling the matrices into a line of text that was needed. Hot lead alloy was then forced into the molds of matrices, creating the fresh line of type.
239:, was elected president. After the first successful trial of the Linotype in October, 1885, the Mergenthaler Printing Company was established to raise fresh capital from the shareholders of the National Printing Company. Finally, The Mergenthaler Linotype Company was formed in New York in 1895. Philip Tell Dodge served as its first president until 1928 when his son Norman Dodge replaced him. The
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machine, where the special keying system on one end of the matrix, unique for each character, would allow the matrix to drop back only into the correct storage slot, ready for the next use. Another benefit of this overall process was that each edition of the paper was created from a fresh casting of metal, thus avoiding problems of type wear.
200:
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Schuckers), a device consisting of two wedges of metal connected loosely. When a line of type was being justified, all the space band wedges would be pushed up in two passes to spread the line out to the full measure being cast. The space bands were stored for reuse in a different location from the matrices.
207:
The invention of a machine to replace the labor-intensive task of setting type by hand had been tackled by many inventors during the 19th century. The most time consumed was not in creating the text, but in returning the characters to their proper position for future use. Mergenthaler solved this
219:
the type, or ensuring that in a column of print, there were flush margins on the left and right. Hand compositors had previously done this by using spaces of different widths in a line, to ensure that the lines all ended at the same point. Mergenthaler adapted the "space band" (patented by J. W.
211:
The linotype operator would then go on to type in the next line. Multiple lines would be stacked into blocks, sometimes paragraphs, to be set in place in the proper column of the page layout. Meanwhile, back inside the linotype machine, the matrices used for a line would progress through the
329:. This new company was responsible solely for the acquisition, creation and distribution of digital fonts and related software. This spin-off effectively divorced the company's font software business from the older typesetting business which was retained by Heidelberg.
159:
In 1987, the US-based
Mergenthaler Linotype Company became part of the German Linotype-Hell AG; in the US the company name changed to Linotype Co. In 1996, the German Linotype-Hell AG was taken over by the German printing machine company
267:
Mergenthaler
Linotype dominated the printing industry through the twentieth century. The machines were so well designed, major parts remained virtually unchanged for nearly 100 years. A particularly notable success was Linotype's
272:
of typefaces, used by most of the world's (Latin-alphabet) newspapers for much of the twentieth century. The ruggedness of the
Linotype system, which cast lines as solid bars of type, aided this dominance.
317:
Through a series of mergers and reorganizations, the business of
Mergenthaler Linotype Company ultimately vested in Linotype-Hell AG, a German company. In April 1997, Linotype-Hell AG was acquired by
487:
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Starting in 1960, the
Mergenthaler Linotype Company became a major supplier of phototypesetting equipment which included laser typesetters, typefonts, scanners, typesetting computers.
355:
The typefaces in the
Linotype type library are the artwork of some of the most famous typeface designers of the 20th century. The library contains such famous trademarked typefaces as
243:
of New York, the organization's newest iteration, was launched with $ 5,000,000 capital (in 1895 dollars), and $ 10,000,000 (in 1895 dollars) in stock holdings across 333 investors.
343:
and Fonts.com. Monotype stated that it could no longer maintain its desired level of quality across the platforms and would instead be focussing its efforts on developing its
228:
The invention of the first working
Linotype was a long, arduous and intricate process that involved many players and the creation of a long succession of companies.
963:
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The majority of the world's newspapers are typeset in one or another of the traditional
Linotype 'Legibility Group', and most of the rest in their derivatives.
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and Eduard
Hoffman. Linotype GmbH frequently brings out new designs from both established and new type designers. Linotype had also introduced
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to form
Linotype-Paul Ltd which developed a range of Linotron phototypesetters using K. S. Paul's cathode ray tube technology.
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425:, was released by Linotype in 1956, and remains one of the most common Arabic typefaces for books and newspapers.
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that allows users to browse and purchase new fonts within the program — a business model similar to that used by
332:
In 2005, Linotype Library GmbH shortened its name to Linotype GmbH, and in 2007, Linotype GmbH was acquired by
321:. The following month certain divisions of Linotype-Hell AG were spun off into new companies, one of which was
167:
In 2005, Linotype Library GmbH shortened its name to Linotype GmbH, and in 2007, Linotype GmbH was acquired by
174:
Monotype announced in August 2023 that it was discontinuing Linotype.com, effectively closing the business.
745:
400:
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In August 2023, Monotype announced that it would be closing the Linotype e-commerce platform, together with
310:, which manufactured a series of small offset presses, was a subsidiary of Linotype. This was later sold to
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was opened. In 1903, the British company merged with Machinery Trust to form Linotype & Machinery Ltd.
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Arabic Type-Making in the Machine Age: The Influence of Technology on the Form of Arabic Type, 1908–1993
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846:
Basil Kahan: Ottmar Mergenthaler – The Man and his Machine; Oak Knoll Press, New Castle (DE), 2000 –
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site. The company pledged to preserve Linotype’s history and legacy online with stories and content.
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In 1877, the National Printing Company was organized under the laws of the District of Columbia and
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145:. It became the world's leading manufacturer of book and newspaper typesetting equipment; outside
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Manfred Raether: „Linotype – Chronik eines Firmennamens“; E-Book, self-published, Schöneck 2009
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history, during which printing technology went through two revolutions — first moving to
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A woman operates a Linotron 505, a cathode ray tube phototypesetting machine. Dresden, 1983.
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164:. A separate business, Linotype Library GmbH was established to manage the digital assets.
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480:"Business Update: Monotype Announces Changes to Direct Commerce Sales Platforms"
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In 1889 The Linotype Company, a British offshoot of the firm, was formed by
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The Changing Newspaper: typographic trends in Britain and America 1622-1972
37:
149:, its only serious challenger for book typesetting was the Anglo-American
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Romano, Frank (2014). "Mackey's 1936 History of the Linotype Company".
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The company, as so many in the printing industry, endured a complex
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Linotypesetting - Hot Metal Typesetting for Hobbyists and the Trade
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913:
141:), a system to cast metal type in lines (linecaster) invented by
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Metal Type — For Those who Remember Hot Metal Typesetting
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Chauncey Hawley Griffith papers at the University of Kentucky
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901:
891:): e-book covering the history of Linotype, starting in 1886
930:(Mergenthaler's Vice President for Typographic Development)
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563:(1st ed.). Los Angeles: Discovery Press. p. 280.
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Linotype Company was merged with Mergenthaler acquisition
591:(1. publ. ed.). London: Fraser. pp. 100–2 etc.
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195:, inventor of the linotype machine and company founder.
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336:, the parent of Monotype Imaging, Inc. and others.
171:, the parent of Monotype Imaging, Inc. and others.
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90:founded in the United States in 1886 to market the
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902:Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG – official website
859:, acquired by the Abbeville Herald (Alabama) for
659:"Messe puts on a bold front for changing events"
647:. Brooklyn: Mergenthaler Linotype Company. 1935.
949:Letterpress font foundries of the United States
921:- information sheet on the UK company from the
621:. David R. Godine Publisher. pp. 277–294.
203:An 1896 Mergenthaler Linotype stock certificate
746:"Why It's So Hard to Design Arabic Typefaces"
8:
418:typeface Yakout, named for the 13th-century
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923:Museum of Science and Industry (Manchester)
215:Another problem Mergenthaler solved was in
314:and operated under the name ATF-Davidson.
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889:Linotype – Chronologie of a Company Name
557:Howells, John; Dearman, Marion (1996).
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964:American companies established in 1886
698:from the original on 16 September 2023
490:from the original on 16 September 2023
884:Linotype – Chronik eines Firmennamens
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919:The Linotype & Machinery Co. Ltd
744:Rhodes, Margaret (23 October 2015).
672:"Davidson Dual-Lith advertisement".
615:Alexander S. Lawson (January 1990).
688:"Upcoming Site Closures & FAQs"
27:Typesetting equipment manufacturer
25:
96:
812:History of the Linotype Company
785:History of the Linotype Company
334:Monotype Imaging Holdings, Inc.
169:Monotype Imaging Holdings, Inc.
319:Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
162:Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
1:
814:. RIT Press. pp. 49–74.
241:Mergenthaler Linotype Company
84:Mergenthaler Linotype Company
31:Mergenthaler Linotype Company
256:. In 1899, a new factory in
895:Typophile: Linotype Article
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944:Letterpress font foundries
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959:Commercial type foundries
399:. It was a well-reviewed
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440:Chauncey Hawley Griffith
327:Bad Homburg vor der Höhe
857:1919 new model machine
783:Romano, Frank (2014).
717:Nemeth, Titus (2017).
644:The Legibility of Type
312:American Type Founders
306:During the 1950s, the
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204:
196:
618:Anatomy of a Typeface
435:Hot-metal typesetting
325:with headquarters at
323:Linotype Library GmbH
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202:
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830:chapter 1314659
674:Graphic Arts Monthly
420:Islamic calligrapher
308:Davidson Corporation
253:The Railway Magazine
151:Monotype Corporation
954:Cold type foundries
423:Yaqut al-Musta'simi
193:Ottmar Mergenthaler
143:Ottmar Mergenthaler
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486:. 30 August 2023.
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826:Project MUSE
821:978-1-933360-75-1
799:Project MUSE
794:978-1-933360-60-7
676:. September 1955.
628:978-0-87923-333-4
570:978-0-9650979-0-1
237:James O. Clephane
235:, the brother of
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16:(Redirected from
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494:16 September
492:. Retrieved
484:Monotype.com
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462:Romano 2014a
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409:iTunes Store
401:font manager
365:Hermann Zapf
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61:Headquarters
692:MyFonts.com
585:Hutt, Allen
88:corporation
938:Categories
446:References
299:, then to
278:K. S. Paul
262:Altrincham
258:Broadheath
217:justifying
861:US$ 3,000
766:300118412
758:1059-1028
723:. BRILL.
385:Helvetica
351:Typefaces
696:Archived
587:(1973).
488:Archived
429:See also
407:and the
397:Mac OS X
369:Frutiger
357:Palatino
341:FontShop
293:post-war
178:Founding
71:Products
65:New York
777:Sources
377:Univers
345:MyFonts
301:digital
224:History
53:Defunct
45:Founded
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416:Arabic
405:iTunes
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361:Optima
750:Wired
86:is a
848:ISBN
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762:OCLC
754:ISSN
725:ISBN
704:2023
623:ISBN
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