604:, the company employing Norgrove when she was kidnapped, released a statement: "We are saddened beyond words by the death of a wonderful woman whose sole purpose in Afghanistan was to do good – to help the Afghan people achieve a measure of prosperity and stability in their everyday lives as they set about rebuilding their country". United Nations Humanitarian Coordinator Robert Watkins praised Norgrove: "She was a true advocate for the people of Afghanistan and was dedicated to bringing improvements to their lives", and "her spirit and compassion will be greatly missed".
359:). US Army troops from Bravo Company, 2/327 Infantry, 1st Brigade Combat Team, 101st Airborne Division began a 12-day search supported by Afghan army, police and commando units under the codename "Enterprise". A house-to-house search was conducted and roadblocks posted at the valley entrance to prevent Norgrove's captors from transferring her eastward into Pakistan. The difficult terrain (with few roads) complicated and slowed the process; the search efforts succeeded in containing the kidnappers in the vicinity and several local Taliban members were killed.
493:
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484:, insurgents often put on suicide vests if they think they are in danger of being attacked. Taliban commanders Mullah Basir and Mullah Keftan (who were holding Norgrove) were among those killed in the raid, according to an Afghan intelligence official. Other women and children in the compound were uninjured, and no members of the rescue team were wounded.
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352:. However, this claim cannot be fully substantiated due to the confidential nature of its sources. Her family has regarded the claims as, "ridiculous." They have also claimed, "Linda was passionately against war, disliked the military with a vengeance and mostly sided with Afghans rather than western governments."
591:
confirming the earlier military investigations' findings that
Norgrove was killed by a member of the US rescue team, noting that a gunshot wound to the leg Norgrove received during the rescue did not contribute to her death. In October 2012, Abdul Wadood, Norgrove's colleague and fellow captive, told
574:
On 2 December, Hague announced the results of the joint investigation, which concluded that
Norgrove was accidentally killed by a grenade thrown by a US sailor. Navy SEALs did not immediately notify senior officers about throwing the grenade; this breached military law, and a number of sailors were
367:
It was unclear at first who had kidnapped
Norgrove and her colleagues. A Taliban commander, the Pakistan-based Mohammed Osman, was reported to demand the release of Aafia Siddiqui in return for Norgrove's freedom. Siddiqui, known as "Lady al-Qaeda", had received an 86-year prison sentence in the US
396:
said that the primary fear was that she "was going to be passed up the terrorist chain, which would increase further the already high risk that she would be killed." The
British foreign office asked the media not to release details about Norgrove's personal life while she was in captivity to avoid
183:
conducted a predawn rescue attempt five days later on the
Taliban mountain hideout where Norgrove was held captive, amid concerns that she would be killed or moved by her kidnappers. US forces killed several kidnappers and three local farmers during the assault. They subsequently located Norgrove,
504:
The
British Foreign Secretary, William Hague, announced Norgrove's death. In a written statement, he said that after receiving information on her location it was "decided that, given the danger she was facing, her best chance of safe release was to act on that information." David Cameron, the UK
512:
thrown by one of her captors. The following day, Cameron said that new information indicated
Norgrove may have accidentally been killed by a US grenade. A US military statement read: "Subsequent review of surveillance footage and discussions with members of the rescue team do not conclusively
187:
Initial reports said that she had been killed by an explosion set off by one of her captors. A joint official investigation by the United
Kingdom and the United States later concluded that her fatal injuries were inflicted by a grenade thrown by one of her rescuers. A February 2011
424:
hideout, where
Norgrove was held in a shack, on 8 October 2010. The stronghold was surrounded by 5-metre (16 ft) high, 1-metre (3 ft) thick perimeter walls in a densely wooded area in the village of Dineshgal, 2,400 metres (8,000 ft) up a steep mountain in the
2420:
586:
Colin Smith of the
Metropolitan Police told an inquest, opened 22 October in the Salisbury coroner's court, that the examination identified the cause of death as "penetrating fragment injuries to the head and chest." In February 2011, the coroner recorded a
548:(Head of Joint Force Support, UK Forces Afghanistan) were appointed to lead a joint UK and US investigation. It was reported on 12 October that the results were expected within days, and Norgrove's family was kept informed of the investigation's progress.
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posthumously for her work in Afghanistan. Her family has established the Linda Norgrove Foundation to continue her relief work. In 2024, the Norgrove Foundation sponsored 19 female Afghan medical students to complete their education in Scotland after
466:
During the gunfight, Norgrove's captors dragged her outside the building where she was being held, but she apparently broke away from them. Video footage of the raid showed an explosion in her vicinity; Norgrove was then found, injured, in a
44:
611:
said: "Ms Norgrove was a dedicated aid worker who was doing everything she could to help people in Afghanistan—hopefully that legacy of service in a humanitarian cause can be of some comfort to her loved ones in their time of grief".
168:, a contractor for US and other government agencies. The group were taken to the nearby Dewegal Valley area. United States and Afghan forces began a search of the area, placing roadblocks to prevent the group from being moved east
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beginning in February 2010. She also worked in Laos as an environmental specialist for the UN in 2008–09, Mexico and Uganda where Norgrove researched the effects of national park management on the indigenous population near
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Prime Minister, defended the rescue attempt: "Decisions on operations to free hostages are always difficult. But where a British life is in such danger, and where we and our allies can act, I believe it is right to try".
368:
on 26 September. "We are lucky that we abducted this British woman soon after the ruthless ruling by an American court on Aafia Siddiqui. We will demand the release of Aafia Siddiqui in exchange for her", said Osman.
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409:). The intelligence prompted Cameron and Hague to approve a United States special operations effort to rescue Norgrove during her 13th night of captivity. The operation was spearheaded by "SEAL Team Six",
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reported that Norgrove died during the failed rescue attempt. In October 2012, one of her colleagues said in an interview that the captors had told Norgrove that they had no intention of killing her.
1608:
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386:. An Afghan intelligence official later identified her captors as local commanders Mullah Basir and Mullah Keftan. Negotiations for Norgrove's release were conducted through local tribal elders.
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Norgrove was removed from the scene via helicopter and received medical care, but she died. It was reported initially that she had been killed by one of her captors setting off a
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to disguise her foreign appearance. According to four sources within the United States military and intelligence services, at the time Norgrove was working for
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Dressed in men's clothing by her captors, she was taken first into the mountains and then brought to the Dewegal Valley in Chowkai District (which crosses the
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463:, killing two fleeing Taliban. The Rangers secured enemy positions on the nearby hills, and all six Taliban gunmen who fought the US forces were killed.
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Intelligence reports indicated that a group of local elders were calling for Norgrove to be executed "like the Russian" (a possible reference to the
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240:, receiving a first-class honours degree in tropical environmental science; her coursework included postgraduate research at the University of
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452:, rocket-propelled grenades, and suicide vests. Two American snipers aboard a helicopter killed two guards using sound-suppressed rifles. An
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A charitable foundation set up by the Norgrove family which will continue the humanitarian work that Linda was doing in Afghanistan
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Other Afghan sources denied any link to Osman. US military sources identified Norgrove's captors as Kunar Taliban, and
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While the military investigation was conducted, Norgrove's body was returned to the United Kingdom on 14 October on a
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the BBC that she asked the kidnappers if they were going to kill her and that they assured her they would not.
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in exchange for her return. The Taliban released the three Afghans on 3 October 2010 during negotiations. The
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funeral ceremony, attended by hundreds of people, was held on 26 October at the Uig Community Centre in the
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when they were kidnapped by local insurgents. They were ambushed while driving on the main highway from
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340:. A US military convoy was ambushed two months earlier on the same stretch of road. Norgrove wore a
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helicopters. They were fired on from the compound and from a nearby position by Taliban armed with
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from 2005 to 2008, and as regional director of an international development company based in
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Taylor, Matthew; Walsh, Declan; Borger, Julian; Norton-Taylor, Richard (11 October 2010).
552:
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79:
761:"Afghanistan: Linda Norgrove Dedicated To Afghanistan After Being Murdered By Insurgents"
508:
On 10 October, an unnamed Afghan intelligence officer said that Norgrove was killed by a
275:. At the time of her death, in addition to her aid work, Norgrove was working towards an
882:
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of Norgrove's body was conducted by British coroner Russell Delaney on 19 October 2010.
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in Peru, supporting (and later supervising) the WWF's Forest Programme in the Peruvian
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1898:"Kidnapped British aid worker is killed in Afghanistan during failed rescue attempt"
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On 26 September 2010, Norgrove and three Afghan colleagues were travelling in the
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1917:"Linda Norgrove death: Barack Obama offers condolences in call to David Cameron"
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of eastern Afghanistan. She was working in the country as regional director for
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At approximately 3:30 am, 20 SEALs and about 24 US Army Rangers from the
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60:
17:
1742:"Petraeus Gives Details of U.S. Rescue That Led to Death of British Hostage"
1675:"Linda Norgrove: grim reality of aid worker's death emerges from fog of war"
942:"Profile: Linda Norgrove – From Lewis croft to a career in world's hotspots"
329:
292:
267:
in development policy and management. From 2002 to 2005, she worked for the
233:
43:
1543:"Linda Norgrove: US navy Seal faces disciplinary action over grenade death"
1064:"Linda Norgrove: Necessity of rescue operation by US troops put into doubt"
788:"Murdered aid worker Linda Norgrove dedicated life to helping world's poor"
2421:
Violations of medical neutrality during the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
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737:
1950:
1209:"Family outrage at claims Scots aid worker Linda Norgrove worked for MI6"
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1574:"Taliban | Linda Norgrove – aid worker killed by rescuer's grenade"
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badly wounded in a nearby gully, and she died later from her injuries.
157:
2213:"How the rescue of British aid worker Linda Norgrove ended in tragedy"
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promised "to get to the bottom" of the failed rescue attempt. General
256:
with distinction in rural resources and environmental policy in 1997.
1343:"Taliban group claims responsibility for British aid worker's kidnap"
389:
The three Afghans captured with Norgrove were released on 3 October.
379:
153:
2008:"Body of British aid worker killed in Afghanistan flown back to UK"
1977:"Linda Norgrove death: David Petraeus promises transparent inquiry"
1769:"US general comforts family of kidnapped aid worker Linda Norgrove"
491:
468:
449:
341:
307:
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199:
2152:"Linda Norgrove profile: aid worker was in love with Afghanistan"
212:, Scotland, in 1974 to John and Lorna Norgrove. She grew up on a
2287:"Afghan medical students arrive in Scotland to complete studies"
2069:"Funeral held for aid worker Linda Norgrove – Scotsman.com News"
1673:
Rayner, Gordon; Kirkup, James; Farmer, Ben (12 October 2010).
879:"A sad end to a life packed with adventure and helping people"
2125:"Linda Norgrove: Afghan kidnappers 'told her she would live'"
1641:"How the official story of Linda Norgrove's death unravelled"
912:"British hostage in Afghanistan killed during rescue attempt"
819:"Killed hostage's life packed with travel and helping others"
1915:
James Kirkup; Thomas Harding; Ben Farmer (12 October 2010).
530:
in Afghanistan, ordered an investigation into the incident.
1463:"Linda Norgrove Death: Brits Question What Really Happened"
1152:"Kidnapped aid worker killed as Navy Seals mounted rescue"
1279:"A cruel and tragic end to a lifetime of devoted service"
1008:"UK aid worker may have been killed by rescuers' grenade"
2182:"Afghanistan: UN condemns killing of British aid worker"
2039:"Linda Norgrove lived 'life that matters', funeral told"
1609:"Kidnapped British aid worker killed by fragment wounds"
675:"Linda's care for others marked her out at an early age"
420:
The SEALs staged a predawn raid on the Taliban hillside
2243:"2011 Robert Burns Humanitarian Award Winner Announced"
1611:. Agence France-Presse. 22 October 2010. Archived from
1245:"Navy Seals' nighttime raid thwarted by Afghan captors"
1095:"Navy Seals' nighttime raid thwarted by Afghan captors"
2313:
1503:"Linda Norgrove: how the rescue operation was bungled"
1374:"U.S. Grenade May Have Killed British Taliban Hostage"
1427:"Failed attempt to free kidnapped British aid worker"
1404:"Linda Norgrove: US forces hunting down kidnap group"
336:, in the Dewagal valley, in two unarmoured, unmarked
181:
United States Naval Special Warfare Development Group
1864:"U.S., U.K. Probe Aid Worker's Death in Afghanistan"
1834:"Aid worker Linda Norgrove was killed by US grenade"
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1234:
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The Isle of Lewis, Scotland, where Norgrove grew up
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1125:"Bringing aid to the Afghans: A deadly occupation"
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382:group affiliated with the local Taliban, known as
2261:"Linda Norgrove nominated for humanitarian award"
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1951:"Linda Norgrove's father speaks to US commander"
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1037:"NATO Probes Death of Aid Worker in Afghanistan"
1031:
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622:their studies were halted by the Taliban in 2021
2319:Confronting Conservation at Mount Elgon, Uganda
2099:"'Narrative verdict' at Linda Norgrove inquest"
1828:
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1799:"Everything possible 'to get Linda out safely'"
1711:"US Grenade May Have Killed British Aid Worker"
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2325:The Linda Norgrove Foundation official website
1983:. London. Press Association. 15 October 2010.
736:. KVAL CBS 13. 12 October 2010. Archived from
708:"Island community mourns kidnapped aid worker"
324:(also known as Tsawkay and Sawkay) of eastern
397:attaching "trophy value" to her kidnapping.
8:
175:Norgrove's captors demanded the release of
2396:Terrorist incidents in Afghanistan in 2010
2127:. BBC News. 8 October 2012. Archived from
1896:Sarah Gordon; Rob Cole (10 October 2010).
1312:"British Aid Worker Killed in Afghanistan"
459:provided the US troops on the ground with
42:
31:
2411:War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) casualties
2006:Richard Norton-Taylor (14 October 2010).
27:2010 aid worker kidnapping in Afghanistan
849:"WWF pays tribute to Linda Norgrove WWF"
734:"She liked knowing the place she lived"
665:
415:Naval Special Warfare Development Group
2401:United Kingdom–United States relations
2223:from the original on 17 September 2013
2162:from the original on 17 September 2013
1987:from the original on 17 September 2013
600:James Boomgard, regional director for
2105:from the original on 23 February 2019
1927:from the original on 18 November 2018
1840:from the original on 11 November 2018
1384:from the original on 3 September 2016
881:. Press & Journal. Archived from
346:Development Alternatives Incorporated
244:in Mexico and a year of study at the
166:Development Alternatives Incorporated
7:
2386:September 2010 events in Afghanistan
2018:from the original on 27 January 2017
1957:from the original on 18 October 2010
1874:from the original on 31 January 2016
1805:from the original on 12 October 2010
1685:from the original on 14 October 2010
1651:from the original on 13 October 2010
1586:from the original on 15 October 2010
1513:from the original on 20 October 2010
1439:from the original on 13 October 2010
1353:from the original on 31 October 2010
1255:from the original on 14 October 2010
1189:from the original on 30 October 2019
1105:from the original on 14 October 2010
1074:from the original on 26 January 2017
1043:from the original on 24 October 2010
1014:from the original on 12 October 2010
978:from the original on 13 October 2010
922:from the original on 12 October 2010
829:from the original on 13 October 2010
798:from the original on 14 October 2010
714:from the original on 31 January 2016
287:. She worked in Afghanistan for the
2267:from the original on 2 January 2011
2192:from the original on 9 October 2016
1553:from the original on 19 August 2016
1322:from the original on 3 January 2015
1243:Starkey, Jerome (10 October 2010).
1219:from the original on 1 October 2021
1131:from the original on 15 August 2011
1093:Starkey, Jerome (10 October 2010).
786:Harrison, David (10 October 2010).
655:List of solved missing person cases
513:determine the cause of her death".
2371:October 2010 events in Afghanistan
1767:Duncan Gardham (15 October 2010).
1341:Andy Bloxham (28 September 2010).
1162:from the original on 16 March 2017
972:"Rescuers may have killed hostage"
877:Beverley Rouse (11 October 2010).
25:
2321:by Linda Norgrove and David Hulme
2245:. 22 January 2011. Archived from
2150:Peter Beaumont (9 October 2010).
2079:from the original on 29 June 2011
2037:Simon Johnson (26 October 2010).
1949:Paul Reynolds (11 October 2010).
1740:Robert Hutton (15 October 2010).
1541:Julian Borger (13 October 2010).
1461:Nick Assinder (12 October 2010).
1410:. 13 October 2010. Archived from
1372:John F. Burns (11 October 2010).
1181:Cole, Matthew (10 January 2017).
1150:Sawer, Patrick (9 October 2010).
1006:Frank Gardner (11 October 2010).
952:from the original on 21 July 2011
855:from the original on 14 July 2011
759:Carole Erskine (9 October 2010).
673:Merritt, Mike (10 October 2010).
152:and three Afghan colleagues were
2211:Owen Bowcott (10 October 2010).
1639:Kim Sengupta (12 October 2010).
1501:Sean Rayment (17 October 2010).
817:Cowing, Emma (10 October 2010).
634:
224:, attending a primary school in
2361:Foreign hostages in Afghanistan
2356:Deaths by person in Afghanistan
2341:2010 in international relations
617:Robert Burns Humanitarian Award
2346:21st century in Kunar Province
2075:. Edinburgh. 26 October 2010.
1572:Ben Farmer (13 October 2010).
1425:Ben Farmer (11 October 2010).
1277:Chris Watt (10 October 2010).
948:. Edinburgh. 11 October 2010.
496:Major General, later General,
196:Early life, education and work
145:On 26 September 2010, British
1:
2381:September 2010 crimes in Asia
1862:Maria Abi (12 October 2010).
1836:. BBC News. 2 December 2010.
602:Development Alternatives Inc.
539:US Special Operations Command
348:and was secretly employed by
259:In 2002, Norgrove received a
48:Norgrove in Afghanistan, 2010
1709:Heidi Vogt; Robert Kennedy.
1310:Maria Abi (9 October 2010).
710:. BBC News. 9 October 2010.
537:(then Chief of Staff of the
248:(1993–94). She attended the
1744:. Bloomberg. Archived from
1183:"The Crimes of Seal Team 6"
615:Norgrove received the 2011
440:) approached the compound,
190:coroner's narrative verdict
2442:
2366:Kidnappings in Afghanistan
1900:. Sky News. Archived from
763:. Sky News. Archived from
606:First Minister of Scotland
407:Russian war in Afghanistan
2263:. BBC. 28 December 2010.
2101:. BBC. 15 February 2011.
1579:The Sydney Morning Herald
1432:The Sydney Morning Herald
584:Detective Chief Inspector
567:. Norgrove was buried at
373:British Foreign Secretary
312:Map of Afghanistan, with
298:Mount Elgon National Park
228:. She later attended the
41:
2406:United States Navy SEALs
2376:Prisoners of the Taliban
2045:. London. Archived from
1801:. BBC. 10 October 2010.
1775:. London. Archived from
1127:. CNN. 20 October 2010.
1039:. NPR. 11 October 2010.
974:. BBC. 11 October 2010.
650:2010 Badakhshan massacre
500:, led the investigation.
401:Rescue attempt and death
265:University of Manchester
236:. Norgrove attended the
98:University of Manchester
2426:Kidnapping in the 2010s
1868:The Wall Street Journal
1316:The Wall Street Journal
580:post-mortem examination
384:Jamaat al Dawa al Quran
2351:Deaths by hand grenade
501:
391:British Prime Minister
378:said they were from a
317:
238:University of Aberdeen
205:
124:University of Aberdeen
1414:on 16 September 2016.
495:
471:position in a gully.
311:
281:University of Warwick
208:Norgrove was born in
203:
119:University of Warwick
2314:DAI official website
2131:on 16 September 2016
1904:on 28 February 2012.
438:night-vision goggles
434:75th Ranger Regiment
250:University of London
246:University of Oregon
114:University of Oregon
104:University of London
2188:. 10 October 2010.
2049:on 28 November 2010
1721:on 19 November 2010
1215:. 15 January 2017.
851:. 10 October 2010.
528:NATO security force
526:, commander of the
488:Joint investigation
2249:on 2 January 2012.
1779:on 18 October 2010
1615:on 24 January 2013
1473:on 13 October 2010
1378:The New York Times
1291:on 13 October 2010
918:. 9 October 2010.
767:on 2 February 2013
740:on 14 October 2010
502:
318:
230:Nicolson Institute
206:
156:by members of the
82:, Kunar Province,
1185:. The Intercept.
685:on 13 August 2011
589:narrative verdict
543:British Brigadier
461:close air support
285:distance learning
143:
142:
76:(aged 35–36)
16:(Redirected from
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2129:the original
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2047:the original
2042:
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2012:The Guardian
2011:
2001:
1989:. Retrieved
1981:The Guardian
1980:
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1959:. Retrieved
1953:. BBC News.
1929:. Retrieved
1920:
1910:
1902:the original
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1099:The Scotsman
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1068:The Guardian
1067:
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1016:. Retrieved
1010:. BBC News.
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883:the original
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679:The Scotsman
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535:Joseph Votel
520:Barack Obama
517:US President
515:
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498:Joseph Votel
481:The Guardian
479:
476:suicide vest
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363:Negotiations
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74:(2010-10-08)
29:
2291:www.bbc.com
2135:16 December
2083:24 November
2053:24 November
2022:17 December
1388:24 February
1078:17 December
557:RAF Lyneham
442:fast roping
84:Afghanistan
2335:Categories
2271:13 January
2227:12 October
2219:. London.
2158:. London.
2014:. London.
1991:16 October
1961:16 October
1923:. London.
1878:12 October
1809:12 October
1783:16 October
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1619:23 October
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1549:. London.
1517:18 October
1509:. London.
1477:12 October
1443:11 October
1357:18 October
1349:. London.
1326:11 October
1295:11 October
1284:The Herald
1259:11 October
1193:28 October
1166:12 October
1158:. London.
1135:21 October
1109:14 October
1070:. London.
1047:12 October
1018:12 October
982:12 October
956:14 October
889:14 October
859:14 October
833:14 October
802:14 October
794:. London.
771:14 October
744:12 October
689:12 October
661:References
571:cemetery.
555:flight to
411:Navy SEALs
304:Kidnapping
210:Altnaharra
147:aid worker
133:Occupation
63:, Scotland
61:Altnaharra
2296:21 August
2166:9 October
1223:1 October
926:9 October
444:from two
436:(wearing
413:from the
330:Jalalabad
293:Jalalabad
279:from the
263:from the
234:Stornoway
154:kidnapped
91:Education
2265:Archived
2221:Archived
2190:Archived
2160:Archived
2103:Archived
2077:Archived
2016:Archived
1985:Archived
1955:Archived
1925:Archived
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1012:Archived
976:Archived
950:Archived
920:Archived
853:Archived
827:Archived
796:Archived
712:Archived
628:See also
596:Tributes
561:humanist
422:compound
380:Salafist
334:Asadabad
283:through
2196:28 June
2109:20 June
1931:2 April
1844:20 June
718:20 June
569:Ardroil
510:grenade
457:gunship
242:Chiapas
220:in the
216:on the
160:in the
158:Taliban
541:) and
450:AK-47s
316:in red
139:worker
469:fetal
342:burqa
273:Andes
214:croft
100:(PhD)
2298:2024
2273:2011
2229:2010
2198:2017
2168:2010
2137:2013
2111:2018
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2024:2016
1993:2010
1963:2010
1933:2018
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1811:2010
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1727:2010
1715:Time
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1445:2010
1390:2017
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1195:2019
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958:2010
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861:2010
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804:2010
773:2010
746:2010
720:2018
691:2010
559:. A
69:Died
57:1974
54:Born
916:CNN
350:MI6
332:to
277:MBA
261:PhD
232:in
226:Uig
2337::
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2215:.
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2071:.
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2010:.
1979:.
1941:^
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108:MA
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