276:: "The dispute over Nagorno-Karabakh remains unresolved. Consular support is not available in the Nagorno-Karabakh region. Although a ceasefire has been in place since May 1994, the borders between Armenia and Azerbaijan and Azerbaijani territory occupied by Armenian forces are closed. There are no peacekeeping forces separating the sides. There are regular exchanges of sniper fire and some skirmishes. The border areas between Armenia and Azerbaijan also contain mines and unexploded ordnance. Any foreigners venturing within 5km of these borders are liable to be stopped by the police or the military." - 6 April 2020
282:
163:. There was also a relatively large no-man's land after the ceasefire which was several kilometers wide in some places. It was reduced to a few hundred meters in most areas of the line of contact due to Azerbaijani redeployments into the former neutral zone. In 2016, there were around 20,000 men on each side of the heavily militarized line of contact. Since the ceasefire the line of contact had become a heavily militarized, fortified and mined
268:
254:
20:
673:
290:: "Regular armed clashes occur in the buffer zone between the closed Armenia-Azerbaijan border and the ceasefire line. Conflict also occurs in the disputed enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh and its surrounding military zone. All these areas have unmarked landmines. If, despite our advice, you travel to these areas, get professional security advice." - 8 June 2020
681:
262:: "Casualties continue to occur in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Intermittent gunfire and occasional use of artillery systems, including land mines and mortars, result in deaths and injuries each year. Avoid roads near the ‘line of contact’ and roads near the international border between Armenia and Azerbaijan." - 7 August 2020
234:
According to
Kolosov and Zotova (2020), "the deployment of military units along the separation line, the special regime of the border zone on both sides, constant skirmishes, and the destruction during the war and immediately after it of a number of cities and other settlements turned the border
1072:
For the first time since the 1990s, Azerbaijani forces managed to regain control of small parts of the territory surrounding
Karabakh – the first time the Line of Contact has shifted. Although these changes do not significantly alter the parties' military predicament on the
530:
For the first time since the 1990s, Azerbaijani forces managed to regain control of small parts of the territory surrounding
Karabakh – the first time the Line of Contact has shifted. Although these changes do not significantly alter the parties' military predicament on the
1125:
The separatist government of
Nagorno-Karabakh, whose principal backers are Armenia and Armenian diaspora groups in Southern California and elsewhere, characterized the fighting as the first time since 1994 that all types of heavy weaponry were being used along the front
194:
observers, headed by
Andrzej Kasprzyk of Poland. There were exchanges of fire virtually on a daily basis. There had been significant violations of the ceasefire on various occasions, usually characterized by low-intensity fighting. Significant fighting
242:, all of 150,000 Karabakh Armenians are "within reach of Azerbaijani missiles and artillery shells", while around twice the number of Azerbaijanis (300,000) "live in the 15km-wide zone along the Azerbaijani side of the line of contact."
203:, "Although slivers of territory changed hands for the first time since 1994, little of strategic significance appears to have altered on the ground." The 2016 clashes also marked the first time since the 1994 ceasefire that heavy
1185:
113:. Armenian forces later withdrew from almost the entirety of Karabkh territories that it remained in control of as part of the 2020 ceasefire agreement, officially ending the existence of the Line of Contact. A new
758:
305:
1193:
579:
1096:
1207:
191:
851:
766:
140:
encouraged the
Armenian side to avoid the term "line of contact", instead calling it a "state border" between Artsakh and Azerbaijan. Independent journalist and author
832:
1064:
514:
965:
The line of contact between
Azerbaijani and Armenian forces is a well-defined trench system, which experiences only occasional violations of the cease-fire regime.
1309:
1294:
1034:
484:
114:
904:
807:
703:
545:
76:
175:. According to de Waal, it is the "most militarised zone in the wider Europe," and one of the three most militarized zones in the world (along with
1237:
94:
between the two forces. The length of the line of contact was between 180 kilometres (110 mi) and 200 kilometres (120 mi) until 2020.
383:
1223:
1261:
563:
357:
1085:
199:, when for the first time since the ceasefire the line of contact was shifted, though not significantly. According to Laurence Broers of
1289:
110:
333:
144:
writes of it as a state border of
Azerbaijan and Artsakh and notes that it is called the "line of contact" in international lexicon.
1219:
1114:
1050:
958:
500:
341:
950:
836:
208:
98:
1000:
732:
300:
196:
60:
1025:
475:
1304:
1138:
412:"Twenty years after the Nagorny Karabakh ceasefire: an opportunity to move towards more inclusive conflict resolution"
1215:
1189:
873:
239:
72:
977:
784:
452:
912:
180:
102:
711:
1299:
101:, when Azerbaijan recaptured some hectares of territory. The Line of Contact effectively dissolved during the
817:
654:
602:"Statement by the Co-Chairs of the OSCE Minsk Group on the Twentieth Anniversary of the Ceasefire Agreement"
388:
220:
68:
601:
788:
456:
891:
The 'line of contact' between Azeri and
Armenian forces is a trench system reminiscent of World War One.
616:...the perpetual threat of escalating violence along the international border and the Line of Contact...
64:
1247:
358:"David Simonyan: Surrender of territories to Azerbaijan: Consequences for Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh"
226:
addressed the nation, he stated, "There is no status quo. There is no line of contact. We smashed it."
118:
48:
542:
856:
393:
361:
106:
649:
129:
The term "Line of
Contact" was widely used in official documents and statements, including by the
1119:
882:
86:
that ended the First Nagorno-Karabakh War (1988–94). During its existence, the mountain range of
1269:
365:
117:
then existed between the remaining Artsakhi zone in the former Autonomous Oblast controlled by
1056:
1046:
954:
571:
506:
496:
337:
36:
398:բնական սահմաններ հասցնելու համար, որը հյուսիսում Մռավի լեռնաշղթան է, իսկ հարավում՝ Արաքս գետը
1165:
1038:
488:
423:
212:
164:
130:
105:, after Azerbaijan made significant military gains against the internationally unrecognised
83:
759:"Emil Sanamyan: Nakhichevan Remains the Quietest Stretch of Armenian-Azerbaijani Frontline"
549:
155:
The line of contact was, immediately after the ceasefire, a "relatively quiet zone with
97:
For the first time since the 1994 ceasefire, the front line slightly shifted during the
19:
780:
754:
728:
669:
448:
273:
160:
147:
In Azerbaijan, the "line of contact" is often referred to as the "line of occupation".
141:
852:"Here are the 5 things you need to know about the deadly fighting in Nagorno Karabakh"
1283:
982:
259:
200:
23:
The Nagorno-Karabakh line of contact (1994–2020) in red, with the largely unguarded
428:
411:
223:
216:
988:
But despite the ceasefire, low-scale fighting continued along the line of contact.
1010:
740:
330:
Secessionist Rule: Protracted Conflict and Configurations of Non-state Authority
184:
183:). The trenches along the line of contact were extensively compared to those of
168:
156:
90:(Mrav) was the northern part of the line of contact and essentially served as a
16:
Line separating Armenian and Azerbaijani forces in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
1170:
947:
Engaging Eurasia's Separatist States: Unresolved Conflicts and de Facto States
931:
908:
137:
56:
1060:
575:
510:
1153:
287:
204:
1005:
736:
606:
564:"Facing Military Debacle, Armenia Accepts a Deal in Nagorno-Karabakh War"
87:
24:
886:
1186:"Armenia's Change of Leadership Adds Uncertainty over Nagorno-Karabakh"
1115:"Fighting Between Azerbaijan and Armenia Flares Up in Nagorno-Karabakh"
927:
812:
792:
460:
176:
543:
Silahlı Qüvvələrimiz tərəfindən 2000 hektardan artıq ərazi azad edilib
1242:
633:
172:
91:
808:"Armenia warns Nagorno-Karabakh clashes could turn into all-out war"
121:
peacekeepers and the recaptured Azerbaijani territories until 2024.
552:// Official site of Ministry of Defense of Azerbaijan, 18 May 2016.
1042:
628:
492:
18:
1001:"Nagorno-Karabakh violence: Worst clashes in decades kill dozens"
611:
835:. Eurasian Research and Analysis (ERA) Institute. Archived from
833:"Eight Things You Need to Know About Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict"
370:
the northern flank – by the hard-to-access Mrav mountain range
190:
The line of contact was regularly monitored by a group of six
159:
and lightly armed soldiers sitting in trenches", according to
928:"EU and Nagorno-Karabakh: a 'better than nothing' approach"
710:. Chamber Of Commerce Luxembourg-Azerbaijan. Archived from
306:
Armenian-occupied territories surrounding Nagorno-Karabakh
905:"Nagorno-Karabakh: Trying to Separate Fact from Fiction"
733:"Nagorno-Karabakh's cocktail of conflict explodes again"
806:
Bagirova, Nailia; Mkrtchyan, Hasmik (4 April 2016).
1139:"President Ilham Aliyev addressed the nation VIDEO"
1086:"The Nagorny Karabakh Conflict: Defaulting to War"
926:Cristescu, Roxana; Paul, Amanda (15 March 2011).
674:"Հայաստան-Ադրբեջան սահմաններն ու "սահմանադռները""
1152:Kolosov, Vladimir A.; Zotova, Maria V. (2020).
850:Toal, Gerard; O'Loughlin, John (6 April 2016).
1035:European Union Institute for Security Studies
485:European Union Institute for Security Studies
8:
109:including capturing parts of the original
1169:
427:
323:
321:
77:2020 Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire agreement
1070:from the original on 21 September 2017.
443:
441:
439:
871:Lynch, Dov (2001). "Frozen Conflicts".
317:
235:territories into an economic desert."
1158:Geography, Environment, Sustainability
1154:"Multiple borders of Nagorno-Karabakh"
650:"Ոչ թե շփման գիծ, այլ՝ պետական սահման"
562:Kramer, Andrew E. (10 November 2020).
82:It was formed in the aftermath of the
723:
721:
582:from the original on 11 November 2020
59:which separated Armenian forces (the
7:
1310:2020 disestablishments in Azerbaijan
1295:Geography of the Republic of Artsakh
1102:from the original on 8 October 2020.
704:"Results of the Armenian aggression"
27:(Mrav) mountain range in the north.
1113:Kramer, Andrew E. (2 April 2016).
978:"The conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh"
520:from the original on 21 March 2018
136:Some Armenian analysts, including
111:Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast
14:
1220:United States Department of State
1238:"Foreign travel advice: Armenia"
951:United States Institute of Peace
648:Jamalyan, Davit (26 July 2012).
280:
266:
252:
903:Kucera, Joshua (8 April 2016).
382:Elbakyan, Edgar (16 May 2014).
364:. 21 April 2009. Archived from
1192:. 19 July 2019. Archived from
1009:. 3 April 2016. Archived from
429:10.1080/23761199.2014.11417295
209:2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
99:2016 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
1:
680:(in Armenian). Archived from
629:"Ոչ թե շփման գիծ, այլ սահման"
610:. 11 May 2014. Archived from
392:(in Armenian). Archived from
384:"Արցախի տարածքն անբաժանելի է"
61:Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army
1024:Simão, Licínia (June 2016).
785:"Dangerous Days in Karabakh"
637:(in Armenian). 9 March 2011.
474:Simão, Licínia (June 2016),
211:saw use of heavy artillery,
831:Kao, Lauren (11 May 2016).
328:Smolnik, Franziska (2016).
219:. On October 9, 2020, when
1326:
1216:Bureau of Consular Affairs
1190:International Crisis Group
1171:10.24057/2071-9388-2020-04
1027:The Nagorno-Karabakh redux
477:The Nagorno-Karabakh redux
240:International Crisis Group
73:First Nagorno-Karabakh War
1290:Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
1208:"Armenia Travel Advisory"
332:. Campus Verlag. p.
301:Armenia–Azerbaijan border
103:2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war
40:
1095:. July 2016. p. 2.
410:Freizer, Sabine (2014).
655:Hayastani Hanrapetutyun
389:Hayastani Hanrapetutyun
221:President of Azerbaijan
69:Azerbaijan Armed Forces
789:Carnegie Moscow Center
457:Carnegie Moscow Center
197:occurred in April 2016
52:
28:
396:on 28 November 2019.
368:on 28 November 2019.
65:Armenian Armed Forces
22:
1266:smartraveller.gov.au
839:on 28 February 2019.
795:on 28 November 2019.
769:on 28 November 2019.
463:on 28 November 2019.
207:was used, while the
119:Russian Armed Forces
71:from the end of the
1305:Separation barriers
1013:on 25 October 2019.
945:Lynch, Dov (2004).
915:on 8 February 2019.
857:The Washington Post
684:on 2 September 2018
672:(11 January 2018).
548:18 May 2016 at the
362:Noravank Foundation
107:Republic of Artsakh
1120:The New York Times
714:on 26 August 2019.
614:on 27 March 2017.
568:The New York Times
84:May 1994 ceasefire
75:in 1994 until the
29:
1226:on 7 August 2020.
986:. 15 April 2016.
820:on 28 March 2019.
757:(24 March 2018).
743:on 28 March 2019.
238:According to the
1317:
1274:
1273:
1268:. Archived from
1258:
1252:
1251:
1250:on 6 April 2020.
1246:. Archived from
1234:
1228:
1227:
1222:. Archived from
1212:travel.state.gov
1204:
1198:
1197:
1196:on 26 July 2019.
1182:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1093:chathamhouse.org
1090:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1069:
1032:
1021:
1015:
1014:
997:
991:
990:
974:
968:
967:
942:
936:
935:
923:
917:
916:
911:. Archived from
900:
894:
893:
868:
862:
861:
847:
841:
840:
828:
822:
821:
816:. Archived from
803:
797:
796:
791:. Archived from
783:(2 April 2016).
777:
771:
770:
765:. Archived from
751:
745:
744:
739:. Archived from
731:(3 April 2016).
725:
716:
715:
700:
694:
693:
691:
689:
666:
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659:
645:
639:
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533:
527:
525:
519:
482:
471:
465:
464:
459:. Archived from
451:(24 July 2013).
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379:
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372:
354:
348:
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213:armoured warfare
131:OSCE Minsk Group
42:
1325:
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1320:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1300:Border barriers
1280:
1279:
1278:
1277:
1272:on 8 June 2020.
1260:
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1255:
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1231:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1184:
1183:
1179:
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874:The World Today
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781:de Waal, Thomas
779:
778:
774:
755:Hakobyan, Tatul
753:
752:
748:
729:de Waal, Thomas
727:
726:
719:
702:
701:
697:
687:
685:
670:Hakobyan, Tatul
668:
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663:
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550:Wayback Machine
541:
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449:de Waal, Thomas
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416:Caucasus Survey
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246:Travel advisory
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115:line of contact
33:Line of Contact
17:
12:
11:
5:
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959:
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918:
895:
881:(8/9): 36–38.
863:
842:
823:
798:
772:
746:
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695:
661:
658:(in Armenian).
640:
620:
593:
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274:United Kingdom
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161:Thomas de Waal
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142:Tatul Hakobyan
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92:natural border
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1052:9789291984022
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1043:10.2815/58373
1040:
1037:. p. 2.
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1029:
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983:The Economist
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960:9781929223541
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493:10.2815/58373
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487:, p. 2,
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453:"The Two NKs"
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260:United States
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217:drone warfare
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201:Chatham House
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165:no-man's-land
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818:the original
811:
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793:the original
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767:the original
762:
749:
741:the original
712:the original
707:
698:
686:. Retrieved
682:the original
677:
664:
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643:
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623:
615:
612:the original
605:
596:
584:. Retrieved
567:
557:
538:
529:
522:, retrieved
476:
469:
461:the original
419:
415:
405:
397:
394:the original
387:
377:
369:
366:the original
352:
329:
237:
233:
224:Ilham Aliyev
189:
154:
146:
135:
128:
96:
81:
45:shp’man gits
44:
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