43:
806:
240:. This mission was maintained after the war for the perceived value of its prestige (a "quiet place for a not very distinguished diplomat") and the conflicts in Ireland, Malta, Quebec, and Australia, which had Roman Catholic dimensions. After the rupture in 1930–33 due to difficulties in
1743:
1718:
1723:
924:
229:, the Conservative government withdrew this representative, reasoning that it was not cost-effective to maintain a representative to a "non-existent state". Missions between 1874 and 1914 were designated "special and temporary".
1627:
1602:
302:
1374:
1713:
1572:
1733:
954:
884:
1607:
1592:
1728:
1557:
1432:
994:
944:
1685:
1587:
1547:
1437:
1379:
1612:
1597:
1542:
1427:
1675:
1617:
1567:
1532:
1477:
1462:
1452:
1442:
1254:
1219:
1169:
1637:
1562:
1552:
1522:
1512:
794:
1769:
1670:
1665:
1642:
1632:
1527:
1502:
1472:
1467:
1457:
1447:
1690:
1680:
1622:
1582:
1537:
1517:
1507:
1497:
1487:
1364:
1284:
1482:
1334:
1314:
1114:
1109:
1089:
974:
824:
1708:
1660:
1389:
1344:
1204:
1184:
1174:
1164:
1129:
1104:
959:
929:
859:
1394:
1224:
1159:
1059:
1024:
844:
1492:
1409:
1349:
1304:
1299:
1264:
1244:
1199:
1044:
989:
919:
904:
894:
1399:
1384:
1369:
1354:
1309:
1289:
1209:
1194:
1149:
1144:
1074:
1054:
1049:
1009:
999:
984:
979:
964:
949:
934:
899:
879:
874:
869:
864:
854:
849:
834:
829:
1764:
1738:
1577:
1359:
1329:
1294:
1279:
1259:
1239:
1189:
1139:
1124:
1119:
1099:
1079:
1029:
1019:
1004:
889:
839:
1404:
1339:
1324:
1319:
1274:
1214:
1154:
1094:
1084:
1034:
1014:
969:
914:
909:
810:
1234:
1229:
1179:
1134:
1069:
939:
1269:
248:
1249:
1064:
787:
361:
280:
1774:
772:
206:
780:
42:
251:, as did the UK's representatives to many other countries until the 1960s, but partly because there was already a British ambassador in Rome, to
735:
422:
232:
In 1914 the United
Kingdom formally re-established diplomatic relations with the Holy See. A minister was sent to the papal court during the
706:
751:
657:
327:
1419:
333:
458:
17:
209:
an "unofficial official" was kept in Rome from the mid-nineteenth century, holding the title of representative to the
440:
434:
719:
1700:
520:
202:
321:
1652:
552:
476:
410:
355:
276:
71:
508:
201:". This break continued throughout the remaining existence of the Kingdom of England and its successor the
626:
452:
391:
241:
247:
From 1914 to 1982 the diplomatic representative of the United
Kingdom to the Holy See had the rank of
367:
514:
214:
315:
97:
526:
186:
267:, appointed ambassador in 2005, was "the first Catholic to hold the position of emissary of the
694:
502:
486:
416:
397:
268:
198:
190:
115:
60:
627:"First Catholic to represent UK at Holy See defies all stereotypes: Interview in Irish Times"
544:
264:
222:
682:
464:
233:
671:
566:
538:
470:
428:
237:
226:
218:
48:
1758:
747:
373:
446:
210:
106:
560:
532:
272:
165:
has held that title since 1982. Before that the
British heads of mission to the
87:
766:
153:
298:
260:
256:
194:
76:
380:
Relations downgraded due to the Church's interference in
Maltese politics
166:
244:, the post was filled with more experienced and respected diplomats.
252:
306:
776:
185:
Diplomatic relations were broken off between the Pope and the
275:"; in fact, however, the first two 20th-century envoys, Sir
259:
in 1982. It has been claimed that the
Minister was always a
18:
List of
Ambassadors from the United Kingdom to the Holy See
255:. The British envoy to the Holy See was upgraded to
1699:
1651:
1418:
817:
753:
Britain and the
Vatican During the Second World War
656:S.T. Bindoff, E.F. Malcolm Smith and C.K. Webster,
149:
125:
93:
82:
70:
31:
811:Heads of Diplomatic Missions of the United Kingdom
404:Envoys Extraordinary and Ministers Plenipotentiary
349:Envoys Extraordinary and Ministers Plenipotentiary
1770:Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to the Holy See
205:(1707–1800). However, after the formation of the
695:Joseph Severn, A Life: The Rewards of Friendship
249:Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
175:Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
163:Ambassador of the United Kingdom to the Holy See
32:Ambassador of the United Kingdom to the Holy See
362:John Francis Charles, 7th Count de Salis-Soglio
788:
722:. British Embassy Holy See. 4 September 2021.
720:"Holy See: New British Ambassador accredited"
8:
659:British Diplomatic Representatives 1789-1852
236:to court the favour of the Pope towards the
35:Ambasciatore del Regno Unito alla Santa Sede
207:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
197:was "the only Supreme Head in Earth of the
1765:Lists of ambassadors of the United Kingdom
795:
781:
773:
652:
650:
648:
225:was declared in 1861. In 1874, due to the
697:, Oxford University Press, 2009, pp.303-9
297:The United Kingdom was represented by an
217:, the Papal States were conquered by the
111:First Envoy extraordinary to the Holy See
580:
338:1870–1874: Henry Clarke Jervoise
28:
571:2021–present: Christopher Trott
7:
1775:Lists of ambassadors to the Holy See
707:The Vatican - Diplomatic Intercourse
683:The London Gazette, 18 November 1862
672:The London Gazette, 22 February 1856
594:
592:
590:
588:
586:
584:
25:
736:Holy See–United Kingdom relations
804:
662:, Royal Historical Society, 1934
193:of that year declared that King
120:First Ambassador to the Holy See
41:
549:2011–2011: George Edgar
132:First Attaché resident at Rome
102:First Attaché resident at Rome
1:
756:, Cambridge University Press
709:, Hansard, 10 February 1882
1791:
1714:United Nations in New York
271:to the Holy See since the
1744:Conference on Disarmament
1701:Permanent representatives
292:Attachés resident at Rome
181:History of representation
138:First Envoy extraordinary
55:
40:
1719:United Nations in Geneva
287:List of heads of mission
203:Kingdom of Great Britain
171:Attaché resident at Rome
477:Geoffrey Allan Crossley
616:Chadwick, 1988, p. 14.
384:
607:Chadwick, 1988, p. 3.
598:Chadwick, 1988, p. 2.
457:1965–1970: Sir
451:1960–1965: Sir
445:1957–1960: Sir
439:1954–1957: Sir
433:1951–1954: Sir
427:1947–1951: Sir
421:1936–1947: Sir
415:1934–1936: Sir
396:1932–1933: Sir
392:George Ogilvie-Forbes
372:1928–1930: Sir
1375:United Arab Emirates
368:Hon. Sir Odo Russell
1666:Hong Kong and Macao
1628:Trinidad and Tobago
301:to the legation at
215:Italian nationalism
213:. With the rise of
189:in 1534, after the
1420:High commissioners
955:Dominican Republic
885:Bosnia-Herzegovina
527:Maureen MacGlashan
385:Chargés d'affaires
283:, were Catholics.
187:Kingdom of England
1752:
1751:
1724:Council of Europe
633:. 2 February 2009
565:2016–2021:
559:2011–2016:
553:chargé d'affaires
543:2005–2011:
537:2002–2005:
531:1998–2002:
525:1995–1998:
519:1991–1995:
513:1988–1991:
507:1985–1988:
503:Mark Evelyn Heath
501:–1985: Sir
487:Mark Evelyn Heath
475:1978–1980:
469:1975–1977:
463:1970–1975:
417:Charles Wingfield
409:1933–1934:
398:Ivone Kirkpatrick
390:1930–1932:
366:1922–1928:
360:1916–1923:
354:1914–1916:
332:1858–1870:
326:1853–1858:
320:1844–1853:
314:1832–1844:
269:Court of St James
199:Church of England
159:
158:
145:
139:
133:
121:
116:Mark Evelyn Heath
112:
103:
61:Christopher Trott
36:
16:(Redirected from
1782:
1573:Papua New Guinea
809:
808:
807:
797:
790:
783:
774:
724:
723:
716:
710:
704:
698:
691:
685:
680:
674:
669:
663:
654:
643:
642:
640:
638:
623:
617:
614:
608:
605:
599:
596:
545:Francis Campbell
459:Michael Williams
411:Sir Robert Clive
356:Sir Henry Howard
265:Francis Campbell
223:Kingdom of Italy
191:Act of Supremacy
144:First Ambassador
143:
137:
131:
119:
110:
101:
94:Inaugural holder
45:
34:
29:
21:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1779:
1755:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1695:
1653:Consuls-general
1647:
1603:Solomon Islands
1414:
1170:North Macedonia
813:
805:
803:
801:
767:UK and Holy See
763:
744:
732:
727:
718:
717:
713:
705:
701:
692:
688:
681:
677:
670:
666:
655:
646:
636:
634:
625:
624:
620:
615:
611:
606:
602:
597:
582:
578:
495:
465:Desmond Crawley
406:
387:
351:
294:
289:
234:First World War
183:
154:UK and Holy See
142:
140:
136:
134:
130:
118:
113:
109:
104:
100:
66:
65:since 2021
64:
63:
59:
51:
33:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1788:
1786:
1778:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1757:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1705:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1657:
1655:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1424:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
995:European Union
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
945:Czech Republic
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
821:
819:
815:
814:
802:
800:
799:
792:
785:
777:
771:
770:
762:
761:External links
759:
758:
757:
748:Chadwick, Owen
743:
740:
739:
738:
731:
728:
726:
725:
711:
699:
686:
675:
664:
644:
631:irishtimes.com
618:
609:
600:
579:
577:
574:
573:
572:
569:
567:Sally Axworthy
563:
557:
547:
541:
539:Kathryn Colvin
535:
529:
523:
517:
511:
505:
494:
491:
490:
489:
479:
473:
471:Dugald Malcolm
467:
461:
455:
453:Peter Scarlett
449:
443:
441:Douglas Howard
437:
435:Walter Roberts
431:
429:Victor Perowne
425:
423:D'Arcy Osborne
419:
413:
405:
402:
401:
400:
394:
386:
383:
377:
376:
370:
364:
358:
350:
347:
346:
345:
343:post abolished
339:
336:
330:
324:
318:
293:
290:
288:
285:
281:Count de Salis
238:Triple Entente
227:Roman Question
221:and a unified
219:House of Savoy
182:
179:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
127:
123:
122:
95:
91:
90:
84:
80:
79:
77:His Excellency
74:
68:
67:
57:
56:
53:
52:
49:United Kingdom
46:
38:
37:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1787:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1686:San Francisco
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1650:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1380:United States
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
822:
820:
816:
812:
798:
793:
791:
786:
784:
779:
778:
775:
768:
765:
764:
760:
755:
754:
749:
746:
745:
741:
737:
734:
733:
729:
721:
715:
712:
708:
703:
700:
696:
690:
687:
684:
679:
676:
673:
668:
665:
661:
660:
653:
651:
649:
645:
632:
628:
622:
619:
613:
610:
604:
601:
595:
593:
591:
589:
587:
585:
581:
575:
570:
568:
564:
562:
558:
556:
554:
548:
546:
542:
540:
536:
534:
530:
528:
524:
522:
521:Andrew Palmer
518:
516:
515:John Broadley
512:
510:
506:
504:
500:
497:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
478:
474:
472:
468:
466:
462:
460:
456:
454:
450:
448:
444:
442:
438:
436:
432:
430:
426:
424:
420:
418:
414:
412:
408:
407:
403:
399:
395:
393:
389:
388:
382:
381:
375:
374:Henry Chilton
371:
369:
365:
363:
359:
357:
353:
352:
348:
344:
340:
337:
335:
331:
329:
328:Richard Lyons
325:
323:
322:William Petre
319:
317:
313:
312:
311:
310:
308:
304:
300:
291:
286:
284:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
245:
243:
239:
235:
230:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
180:
178:
176:
172:
168:
164:
155:
152:
148:
128:
124:
117:
108:
99:
96:
92:
89:
85:
81:
78:
75:
73:
69:
62:
54:
50:
44:
39:
30:
27:
19:
1608:South Africa
1593:Sierra Leone
1365:Turkmenistan
1285:Saudi Arabia
1039:
752:
714:
702:
693:Brown, Sue,
689:
678:
667:
658:
635:. Retrieved
630:
621:
612:
603:
550:
498:
482:
447:Marcus Cheke
379:
378:
342:
316:Thomas Aubin
305:resident at
296:
295:
277:Henry Howard
246:
231:
211:Papal States
184:
174:
170:
169:were styled
162:
160:
107:Henry Elliot
98:Thomas Aubin
47:Arms of the
26:
1676:Los Angeles
1558:New Zealand
1335:Switzerland
1315:South Sudan
1255:Philippines
1220:Netherlands
1090:Ivory Coast
975:El Salvador
825:Afghanistan
818:Ambassadors
561:Nigel Baker
533:Mark Pellew
493:Ambassadors
481:1980–
334:Odo Russell
273:Reformation
263:, and that
88:Charles III
1759:Categories
1588:Seychelles
1548:Mozambique
1493:The Gambia
1438:Bangladesh
1390:Uzbekistan
1345:Tajikistan
1205:Montenegro
1185:Mauritania
1175:Madagascar
1165:Luxembourg
1130:Kyrgyzstan
1110:Korea, DPR
1105:Kazakhstan
960:East Timor
930:Costa Rica
860:Azerbaijan
742:References
637:8 February
509:David Lane
261:Protestant
257:Ambassador
195:Henry VIII
1671:Jerusalem
1613:Sri Lanka
1598:Singapore
1543:Mauritius
1428:Australia
1395:Venezuela
1225:Nicaragua
1160:Lithuania
1115:Korea, RO
1060:Indonesia
1025:Guatemala
845:Argentina
126:Formation
83:Appointer
58:Incumbent
1691:Shanghai
1681:New York
1618:Tanzania
1568:Pakistan
1533:Malaysia
1478:Eswatini
1463:Cameroon
1453:Botswana
1443:Barbados
1410:Zimbabwe
1350:Thailand
1305:Slovenia
1300:Slovakia
1265:Portugal
1245:Paraguay
1200:Mongolia
1045:Honduras
1040:Holy See
990:Ethiopia
925:DR Congo
920:Colombia
905:Cambodia
895:Bulgaria
769:, gov.uk
730:See also
303:Florence
167:Holy See
1638:Vanuatu
1563:Nigeria
1553:Namibia
1523:Lesotho
1513:Jamaica
1433:Bahamas
1400:Vietnam
1385:Uruguay
1370:Ukraine
1355:Tunisia
1310:Somalia
1290:Senegal
1275:Romania
1210:Morocco
1195:Moldova
1150:Liberia
1145:Lebanon
1075:Ireland
1055:Iceland
1050:Hungary
1015:Germany
1010:Georgia
1000:Finland
985:Estonia
980:Eritrea
965:Ecuador
950:Denmark
935:Croatia
880:Bolivia
875:Belgium
870:Belarus
865:Bahrain
855:Austria
850:Armenia
835:Algeria
830:Albania
750:(1988)
299:Attaché
150:Website
1661:Boston
1643:Zambia
1633:Uganda
1578:Rwanda
1528:Malawi
1503:Guyana
1473:Cyprus
1468:Canada
1458:Brunei
1448:Belize
1360:Turkey
1330:Sweden
1295:Serbia
1280:Russia
1260:Poland
1240:Panama
1230:Norway
1190:Mexico
1140:Latvia
1125:Kuwait
1120:Kosovo
1100:Jordan
1080:Israel
1030:Guinea
1020:Greece
1005:France
890:Brazil
840:Angola
485:: Sir
341:1874:
1623:Tonga
1583:Samoa
1538:Malta
1518:Kenya
1508:India
1498:Ghana
1488:Gabon
1405:Yemen
1340:Syria
1325:Sudan
1320:Spain
1270:Qatar
1215:Nepal
1155:Libya
1095:Japan
1085:Italy
1035:Haiti
970:Egypt
915:China
910:Chile
900:Burma
576:Notes
253:Italy
242:Malta
141:1982
135:1863
129:1832
86:King
72:Style
1739:OSCE
1734:OECD
1729:NATO
1483:Fiji
1250:Peru
1235:Oman
1180:Mali
1135:Laos
1070:Iraq
1065:Iran
940:Cuba
639:2010
499:1982
483:1982
307:Rome
279:and
173:and
161:The
114:Sir
105:Sir
1761::
1709:AU
647:^
629:.
583:^
177:.
796:e
789:t
782:v
641:.
555:)
551:(
309:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
