1605:
2517:
3169:
3274:
2824:
1319:
3560:
3715:
1870:
1328:
2963:
2877:
41:
3931:
2718:
2773:
2573:
108:
3843:
3404:
1979:
2417:
2920:
2035:
3758:
2673:
3800:
3612:
4015:
1933:
113:
3655:
3446:
2618:
1257:
2281:
1661:
1269:
2467:
2126:
3975:
2171:
2080:
3317:
1820:
3490:
3222:
3121:
2372:
3890:
2326:
2226:
3068:
1724:
1774:
3361:
1545:
The following list includes Jewish
Americans who have held permanent positions in the cabinet, all of whom are in the line of succession to the presidency. The table below is organized based on the beginning of their terms in office. Officeholders whose terms begin the same day are listed according
4650:
4693:
4220:
5097:
1439:, the incumbent Treasury Secretary, is the highest ranking Jewish woman to hold a cabinet post. Two Jewish cabinet secretaries were immigrants to the United States: Kissinger, Secretary of State under Presidents
4075:
3014:. The table below is organized based on the beginning of their terms in office while it was raised to cabinet-level status. Officeholders whose terms begin the same day are listed alphabetically by last name.
4697:
174:
437:
5107:
1703:
151:
140:
3007:
The president may designate or remove additional officials as cabinet members. These positions have not always been in the cabinet, so some Jewish
American officeholders may not be listed.
4068:
1172:
422:
3010:
The following list includes Jewish
Americans who have held cabinet-rank positions, which can vary under each president. They are not in the line of succession and are not necessarily
1300:
4952:
4565:
4080:
309:
1373:; 20 different Jewish Americans have held 21 cabinet-level positions, which can differ under each president; and four officeholders served in both cabinet and cabinet-rank roles.
4979:
4181:
1836:
1791:
1483:
432:
411:
129:
4063:
4511:
4542:
4090:
4867:
4768:
202:
1131:
1127:
908:
5054:
4802:
Tablet
Magazine: "Talking to W’s Chief of Staff – At the GOP convention, Josh Bolten reminisces about introducing President Bush to shmurah matzo" By Yair Rosenberg
394:
3085:
1622:
1503:
1381:
858:
4816:"Fighting for the Spoils Lawmaker and Rainmaker Rahm Emanuel Wants a Nov. 7 Victory for the Democrats So Bad He Can Almost Taste It. If Only He Had Time to Eat"
1576:
1487:
783:
304:
166:
1604:
4360:
4112:
The position was established as
Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare on April 11, 1953; renamed Secretary of Health and Human Services on May 4, 1980.
4085:
2936:
2534:
1499:
1149:
990:
883:
4153:
2790:
1370:
1369:
members altogether. Of that number, 27 different Jewish
American individuals held a total of 27 permanent cabinet posts, having served as the heads of the
1344:
1293:
1005:
427:
1230:
1225:
1495:
1088:
417:
1235:
2097:
871:
773:
224:
213:
4310:
4149:
1519:
1459:
1048:
903:
3949:
2893:
2734:
2634:
2483:
2297:
2051:
1678:
1491:
1432:
1039:
52:
4883:
4740:
2343:
1286:
1101:
1070:
1026:
1000:
940:
920:
818:
803:
446:
322:
121:
4290:
1511:
1061:
945:
792:
241:
3168:
5071:
4948:
4129:
2516:
1463:
1162:
162:
4557:
3273:
4185:
4058:
2689:
2388:
2187:
2142:
1987:
1475:
1467:
1393:
1078:
955:
475:
266:
191:
4975:
4840:
1220:
1200:
4896:
4436:
3774:
3420:
3238:
3138:
2823:
2433:
1996:
1507:
975:
970:
925:
613:
495:
338:
330:
78:
1215:
1210:
1205:
4501:
4133:
3907:
1515:
1479:
1471:
1108:
1083:
1044:
935:
878:
843:
558:
60:
4534:
4452:
3714:
1869:
1318:
4623:
3593:
3524:
3291:
3255:
3203:
3102:
2858:
2840:
2754:
2654:
2554:
2503:
2453:
2262:
2242:
2207:
2016:
1907:
1887:
1740:
1698:
1647:
1642:
1424:
1348:
1154:
1139:
1115:
1030:
848:
830:
825:
3559:
5102:
4864:
4719:
3672:
3629:
3507:
3464:
3107:
1856:
1167:
1018:
960:
915:
743:
402:
4760:
2979:
2589:
2212:
1950:
1362:
985:
980:
480:
460:
283:
249:
4588:
4208:
4400:
2572:
1760:
1712:
965:
950:
668:
73:
28:
5028:
4815:
4032:
3817:
3732:
3529:
3378:
3335:
3011:
2559:
1358:
1327:
407:
299:
1240:
3208:
1912:
1054:
838:
763:
708:
673:
4801:
4426:
3991:
3859:
3693:
3598:
3576:
3538:
3260:
3186:
3155:
2759:
2659:
2267:
2021:
748:
653:
2962:
1921:
1613:
1377:
713:
703:
698:
678:
5002:
2876:
40:
4306:
778:
628:
543:
68:
4476:
2717:
1525:
The totals for this list include only Jewish
American presidential appointees confirmed (if necessary) by the
5076:
4216:
3876:
2863:
2772:
663:
658:
533:
4332:"U.S. Code: Title 3, 19. Vacancy In Offices of Both President and Vice President; Officers Eligible to Act"
3930:
3842:
3403:
4884:
Jewish News
Service Algemeiner: "Obama Cites US-Israel Bond in Jewish American Heritage Month Declaration"
4356:
2810:
1978:
1144:
753:
718:
623:
598:
99:
91:
2043:
1448:
738:
688:
643:
633:
618:
608:
593:
573:
548:
538:
528:
385:
107:
4381:
3360:
2919:
2034:
1669:
1526:
1428:
1261:
758:
733:
638:
578:
553:
523:
513:
183:
3757:
2672:
2416:
4745:
3412:
693:
648:
588:
563:
518:
3799:
3611:
4724:
4335:
3177:
2928:
1385:
888:
723:
603:
568:
4976:"Jewz in the Newz: 3 Great Actresses on a Cruise; Jewish Woman Intelligence Chief, More Bourla"
1932:
4923:
4432:
4286:
4280:
4014:
3654:
3445:
3129:
2617:
898:
768:
728:
683:
583:
485:
380:
4177:
1400:. The greatest number of Jewish cabinet members appointed by a president is six by President
5057:
2525:
2475:
2179:
2134:
2088:
1782:
490:
112:
4900:
4871:
4789:
4023:
3325:
3076:
2971:
2581:
1878:
1828:
1732:
1416:
1336:
1273:
893:
375:
358:
348:
291:
227:
154:
4865:
The Jewish Daily
Forward: "Meet the Four Jews Shaping the U.S. Economy" By Nathan Guttman
2280:
4671:
4619:
4456:
3983:
3766:
3282:
2832:
2726:
2681:
1941:
1530:
1420:
1389:
1340:
1192:
1119:
2466:
2125:
1660:
1268:
5091:
3498:
3230:
2781:
2425:
2380:
1440:
1366:
274:
216:
194:
143:
4382:"Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Henry A. (Heinz Alfred) Kissinger (1923–)"
3898:
3808:
3723:
3620:
3568:
3369:
2885:
2334:
2289:
2234:
2170:
1534:
1452:
1436:
1405:
1401:
1397:
370:
353:
341:
205:
132:
3974:
4628:
4506:
3939:
1444:
363:
4331:
2079:
3316:
5072:"Jared Bernstein is 'verklempt' to join Biden's council of economic advisers"
4128:
The department established on
February 14, 1903; it was later split into the
3851:
1819:
1409:
257:
3489:
3221:
3120:
2371:
3889:
2325:
2225:
5033:
4401:"Former Secretary of Defense Puts Up Mezuza After D.C. Rabbi Reaches Out"
3663:
3454:
2626:
3067:
1723:
1773:
4790:
Jewish Woman's Archive: "Charlene Barshefsky" by Robert D. Johnson
4624:"Enough for a Minyan: A Jewish Who's Who of Biden's Cabinet-to-Be"
4076:
List of Hispanic and Latino American United States Cabinet members
1462:
has had the greatest number of Jewish appointees, with seven. The
4558:"Trump Names Jewish Financier, Fixer to Major Campaign Positions"
4720:"The Nobel-Winning Economist Who Wants You to Read More Fiction"
1182:
4502:"Penny Pritzker, Jewish Hotel Heiress, Tapped for Commerce Job"
4428:
Jews in Blue: The Jewish American Experience in Law Enforcement
1187:
5060:
Washington Post. December 5, 2008. Accessed December 6, 2008.
4924:"Klain tapped as Biden's incoming White House chief of staff"
4148:
Ineligible to serve in the line of succession due to being a
1427:. Before that, the highest ranking Jewish cabinet member was
39:
5098:
Jewish American members of the Cabinet of the United States
4589:"Meet the top Jewish officials in the Trump administration"
1516:
Housing and Urban Development|Housing and Urban Development
4741:"Joseph Stiglitz argues for a morally improved capitalism"
3022:
denotes the first Jewish holder of that particular office
1554:
denotes the first Jewish holder of that particular office
4357:"The Constitution of the United States: A Transcription"
4069:
List of Jewish political milestones in the United States
1388:. The first Jewish woman to serve as cabinet member was
4949:"By Omri Nahmias, November 12, 2020 The Jerusalem Post"
1529:
to cabinet or cabinet-level positions and taking their
4651:"NewsBank for Statesman | www.prod.statesman.com"
4081:
List of African-American United States Cabinet members
4182:
United States Department of Health and Human Services
5108:
Lists of members of the Cabinet of the United States
4064:
List of Jewish members of the United States Congress
1506:(now defunct) have had one each. The Departments of
4535:"Steven Mnuchin Is Confirmed as Treasury Secretary"
3055:
1592:
1343:are the highest-ranking Jewish Americans to lead a
5029:"Who is Jeff Zients, Biden's next chief of staff?"
4386:U.S. Department of State – Office of the Historian
4209:"Essays on Amendment XXV: Presidential Succession"
4091:List of foreign-born United States Cabinet members
4899:. mcalvanyintelligenceadvisor.com. Archived from
438:Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review
4614:
4612:
4610:
4608:
4606:
5055:Biden Picks Jared Bernstein as Economic Adviser
1415:The highest ranking Jewish cabinet members are
4841:"Mazal tov: Peter Orszag and Bianna Golodryga"
3086:United States Ambassador to the United Nations
1361:, which is the principal advisory body to the
5003:"Meet the Four Jews Shaping the U.S. Economy"
4674:. The University of Arizona. January 23, 2012
4477:"Jack Lew's Life Shaped by Faith and Service"
4274:
4272:
4270:
4268:
4266:
4264:
4262:
4260:
4258:
1537:officials or nominees awaiting confirmation.
1294:
8:
4361:National Archives and Records Administration
4256:
4254:
4252:
4250:
4248:
4246:
4244:
4242:
4240:
4238:
4144:
4142:
4086:List of female United States Cabinet members
1451:, Secretary of the Treasury under President
4694:"John Deutch — Central Intelligence Agency"
4471:
4469:
4467:
4285:. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 445–.
1886:
1874:
1867:
1837:Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare
1792:Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare
1677:
1665:
1658:
3026:
1558:
1301:
1287:
17:
4455:. JTA. September 17, 2007. Archived from
4453:"Orthodox Jew tapped to replace Gonzalez"
1546:to the presidential order of succession.
4311:United States Department of the Treasury
3688:
3533:
1916:
1707:
1460:United States Department of the Treasury
4545:from the original on February 14, 2017.
4169:
4102:
3950:Office of Science and Technology Policy
1433:United States Secretary of the Treasury
433:Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court
423:Multidistrict Litigation Judicial Panel
27:
22:This article is part of a series on the
4982:from the original on December 17, 2020
4955:from the original on November 16, 2020
4771:from the original on December 20, 2021
4761:"Yellen appointed to economic council"
4213:The Heritage Guide to the Constitution
1490:each have had two. The Departments of
1404:, followed by four each by Presidents
5001:Guttman, Nathan (February 28, 2013).
4922:Kornbluh, Jacob (November 11, 2020).
4568:from the original on December 3, 2016
4533:Rappeport, Alan (February 13, 2017).
4124:
4122:
4120:
4118:
4108:
4106:
3649:
3484:
3049:
1864:
1655:
1586:
793:Elections in the District of Columbia
7:
5070:Friedman, Gabe (November 30, 2020).
5027:Serino, Kenichi (January 27, 2023).
4587:Dolsten, Josefin (27 January 2017).
4223:from the original on August 22, 2020
3056:
1593:
1464:United States Department of Commerce
1163:United States and the United Nations
395:Inferior Courts of the United States
4514:from the original on March 10, 2017
4399:Guttman, Nathan (October 3, 2007).
4059:List of Jewish American politicians
1468:United States Department of Justice
1376:The first Jewish cabinet member of
267:Vice President of the United States
3775:United States Trade Representative
3421:United States Trade Representative
3239:United States Trade Representative
3139:United States Trade Representative
1470:has had three. The Departments of
331:Supreme Court of the United States
14:
4814:Steve Hendrix (August 22, 2006).
4188:from the original on May 22, 2015
3908:Director of National Intelligence
61:Constitution of the United States
4974:Bloom, Nate (10 December 2020).
4739:Burns, Jennifer (June 3, 2024).
4013:
3973:
3929:
3888:
3841:
3798:
3756:
3713:
3653:
3610:
3558:
3488:
3444:
3402:
3359:
3315:
3292:Director of Central Intelligence
3272:
3220:
3167:
3119:
3066:
2961:
2918:
2875:
2822:
2771:
2716:
2671:
2616:
2571:
2515:
2465:
2415:
2370:
2324:
2279:
2224:
2169:
2124:
2078:
2033:
1977:
1931:
1868:
1818:
1772:
1722:
1659:
1603:
1326:
1317:
1267:
1255:
506:Elections by State and Territory
111:
106:
4839:Eden, Ami (December 29, 2009).
4556:Guttman, Nathan (May 7, 2016).
3947:
3935:
3928:
3906:
3894:
3887:
3673:Office of Management and Budget
3630:Office of Management and Budget
3508:Office of Management and Budget
3465:Office of Management and Budget
3462:
3450:
3443:
3333:
3321:
3314:
3290:
3278:
3271:
3185:
3173:
3166:
3137:
3125:
3118:
3084:
3072:
3065:
2789:
2777:
2770:
2533:
2521:
2514:
2342:
2330:
2323:
2096:
2084:
2077:
1995:
1983:
1976:
1949:
1937:
1930:
1790:
1778:
1771:
1623:Secretary of Commerce and Labor
1621:
1609:
1602:
1382:Secretary of Commerce and Labor
1168:United Nations Security Council
1071:District of Columbia Government
3030:
2937:Secretary of Homeland Security
2535:Secretary of Homeland Security
1562:
1484:Health, Education, and Welfare
1363:President of the United States
284:United States Attorney General
250:President of the United States
1:
4696:. www.cia.gov. Archived from
4431:. Cambria Press. p. 95.
3012:officers of the United States
1371:federal executive departments
428:Alien Terrorist Removal Court
4046:
4033:Council of Economic Advisers
4005:
3965:
3921:
3880:
3833:
3818:Council of Economic Advisers
3790:
3748:
3733:Council of Economic Advisers
3645:
3602:
3480:
3436:
3394:
3379:Council of Economic Advisers
3351:
3336:Council of Economic Advisers
3307:
3264:
3212:
3159:
3111:
2996:
2953:
2910:
2867:
2814:
2791:Secretary of Veteran Affairs
2763:
2708:
2663:
2608:
2563:
2507:
2457:
2407:
2362:
2316:
2271:
2216:
2161:
2116:
2070:
2025:
1969:
1860:
1810:
1764:
1651:
1359:Cabinet of the United States
1345:Federal Executive Department
418:Court of International Trade
4792:retrieved November 19, 2012
4279:Louis Sandy Maisel (2001).
4178:"HHS Historical Highlights"
2098:Secretary of Transportation
5124:
4978:. The American Israelite.
4765:United Press International
3992:White House Chief of Staff
3860:White House Chief of Staff
3694:White House Chief of Staff
3592:
3577:White House Chief of Staff
3539:White House Chief of Staff
3187:White House Chief of Staff
4845:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
4282:Jews in American Politics
4009:
3969:
3925:
3884:
3875:
3837:
3794:
3752:
3709:
3686:
3659:
3652:
3606:
3597:
3554:
3528:
3523:
3521:
3494:
3487:
3440:
3398:
3355:
3311:
3268:
3259:
3254:
3216:
3163:
3115:
3101:
3062:
3052:
3046:
3043:
3040:
3037:
3034:
3029:
2957:
2914:
2894:Secretary of the Treasury
2871:
2862:
2857:
2818:
2767:
2758:
2735:Secretary of the Treasury
2712:
2667:
2658:
2653:
2635:Secretary of the Treasury
2612:
2567:
2558:
2553:
2511:
2484:Secretary of the Treasury
2461:
2411:
2366:
2320:
2298:Secretary of the Treasury
2275:
2266:
2261:
2220:
2165:
2120:
2074:
2052:Secretary of the Treasury
2029:
2020:
2015:
1973:
1927:
1920:
1906:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1891:
1814:
1768:
1759:
1718:
1697:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1682:
1679:Secretary of the Treasury
1599:
1589:
1583:
1580:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1561:
1541:Permanent cabinet members
859:List of political parties
5007:The Jewish Daily Forward
2344:Secretary of Agriculture
1423:, both of whom served a
1347:; both held the post of
1262:United States portal
774:Northern Mariana Islands
122:House of Representatives
5077:Jewish Telegraph Agency
4870:March 22, 2015, at the
4672:"Kenneth M. Duberstein"
4217:The Heritage Foundation
4130:Departments of Commerce
3003:Cabinet-level officials
991:Individualist anarchism
163:Congressional districts
5103:Lists of American Jews
4897:"Who is Jason Furman?"
4425:Kitaeff, Jack (2006).
1533:; they do not include
1128:Diplomatic missions of
1006:Political polarization
476:Presidential elections
100:United States Congress
44:
4767:. December 20, 1996.
4459:on November 11, 2007.
2690:Secretary of Commerce
2389:Secretary of Commerce
2188:Secretary of Commerce
2143:Secretary of Commerce
2044:W. Michael Blumenthal
1449:W. Michael Blumenthal
1394:Secretary of Commerce
203:President Pro Tempore
43:
4951:. 12 November 2020.
4622:(January 18, 2021).
4154:natural-born citizen
2434:Secretary of Defense
1997:Secretary of Defense
1429:Henry Morgenthau Jr.
1132:in the United States
872:Political ideologies
496:Presidential primary
4746:The Washington Post
4307:"Prior Secretaries"
4150:naturalized citizen
3413:Charlene Barshefsky
1504:Commerce and Labour
1274:Politics portal
1109:Department of State
784:U.S. Virgin Islands
4903:on August 23, 2019
4725:The New York Times
4539:The New York Times
4336:Cornell Law School
3178:Kenneth Duberstein
3053:Administration(s)
2929:Alejandro Mayorkas
2841:Secretary of State
2243:Secretary of Labor
1896:September 22, 1973
1888:Secretary of State
1754:September 20, 1962
1741:Secretary of Labor
1590:Administration(s)
1466:has had four. The
1425:Secretary of State
1386:Theodore Roosevelt
1349:Secretary of State
1116:Secretary of State
486:Off-year elections
468:National Elections
175:Non-voting members
53:Federal government
45:
5058:Shear, Michael D.
4874:February 28, 2013
4653:. Nl.newsbank.com
4483:. 17 January 2013
4292:978-0-7425-0181-2
4184:. June 19, 2016.
4136:on March 4, 1913.
4050:
4049:
3960:February 18, 2022
3678:November 18, 2010
3384:February 18, 1997
3346:February 10, 1997
3302:December 15, 1996
3130:Robert S. Strauss
3000:
2999:
2799:February 14, 2017
2743:February 13, 2017
2643:February 28, 2013
2543:February 15, 2005
1631:December 17, 1906
1488:Homeland Security
1311:
1310:
1150:Visa requirements
1102:Foreign relations
1001:Political culture
941:Constitutionalism
819:Political parties
804:List of Elections
491:Primary elections
481:Midterm elections
403:Courts of appeals
31:
5115:
5082:
5081:
5067:
5061:
5052:
5046:
5045:
5043:
5041:
5024:
5018:
5017:
5015:
5013:
4998:
4992:
4991:
4989:
4987:
4971:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4960:
4945:
4939:
4938:
4936:
4934:
4919:
4913:
4912:
4910:
4908:
4893:
4887:
4881:
4875:
4862:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4851:
4836:
4830:
4829:
4827:
4826:
4811:
4805:
4804:August 30, 2012.
4799:
4793:
4787:
4781:
4780:
4778:
4776:
4757:
4751:
4750:
4736:
4730:
4729:
4728:. April 9, 2020.
4716:
4710:
4709:
4707:
4705:
4690:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4679:
4668:
4662:
4661:
4659:
4658:
4647:
4641:
4640:
4638:
4636:
4616:
4601:
4600:
4598:
4596:
4584:
4578:
4577:
4575:
4573:
4553:
4547:
4546:
4530:
4524:
4523:
4521:
4519:
4498:
4492:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4473:
4462:
4460:
4449:
4443:
4442:
4422:
4416:
4415:
4413:
4411:
4396:
4390:
4389:
4378:
4372:
4371:
4369:
4367:
4353:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4342:
4328:
4322:
4321:
4319:
4317:
4303:
4297:
4296:
4276:
4233:
4232:
4230:
4228:
4204:
4198:
4197:
4195:
4193:
4174:
4157:
4146:
4137:
4126:
4113:
4110:
4039:
4028:
4027:
4026:
4017:
3998:
3997:February 8, 2023
3988:
3987:
3986:
3977:
3961:
3956:
3948:Director of the
3944:
3943:
3942:
3933:
3914:
3913:January 21, 2021
3903:
3902:
3901:
3892:
3871:
3870:February 8, 2023
3866:
3865:January 20, 2021
3856:
3855:
3854:
3845:
3829:
3828:January 20, 2017
3824:
3813:
3812:
3811:
3802:
3786:
3785:January 20, 2017
3781:
3771:
3770:
3769:
3760:
3744:
3739:
3738:November 7, 2011
3728:
3727:
3726:
3717:
3705:
3704:January 20, 2013
3700:
3699:January 27, 2012
3684:
3683:January 27, 2012
3679:
3671:Director of the
3668:
3667:
3666:
3657:
3641:
3636:
3635:January 20, 2009
3628:Director of the
3625:
3624:
3623:
3614:
3588:
3583:
3582:January 20, 2009
3573:
3572:
3571:
3562:
3550:
3549:January 20, 2009
3545:
3519:
3514:
3506:Director of the
3503:
3502:
3501:
3492:
3476:
3475:January 19, 2001
3471:
3463:Director of the
3459:
3458:
3457:
3448:
3432:
3431:January 20, 2001
3427:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3406:
3390:
3385:
3374:
3373:
3372:
3363:
3347:
3342:
3330:
3329:
3328:
3319:
3303:
3298:
3287:
3286:
3285:
3276:
3250:
3245:
3244:January 22, 1993
3235:
3234:
3233:
3224:
3198:
3197:January 20, 1989
3193:
3182:
3181:
3180:
3171:
3150:
3145:
3134:
3133:
3132:
3123:
3097:
3092:
3081:
3080:
3079:
3070:
3058:
3032:
3027:
3021:
2989:
2980:Attorney General
2976:
2975:
2974:
2965:
2946:
2945:February 2, 2021
2933:
2932:
2931:
2922:
2903:
2902:January 26, 2021
2890:
2889:
2888:
2879:
2850:
2849:January 26, 2021
2837:
2836:
2835:
2826:
2805:
2800:
2786:
2785:
2784:
2775:
2749:
2748:January 20, 2021
2744:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2720:
2704:
2703:January 20, 2017
2699:
2686:
2685:
2684:
2675:
2649:
2648:January 20, 2017
2644:
2631:
2630:
2629:
2620:
2604:
2603:January 20, 2009
2599:
2598:November 9, 2007
2590:Attorney General
2586:
2585:
2584:
2575:
2549:
2548:January 21, 2009
2544:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2526:Michael Chertoff
2519:
2498:
2497:January 20, 2001
2493:
2480:
2479:
2478:
2476:Lawrence Summers
2469:
2448:
2447:January 20, 2001
2443:
2442:January 24, 1997
2430:
2429:
2428:
2419:
2403:
2402:January 21, 1997
2398:
2385:
2384:
2383:
2374:
2358:
2357:January 20, 2001
2353:
2339:
2338:
2337:
2328:
2312:
2307:
2306:January 11, 1995
2294:
2293:
2292:
2283:
2257:
2256:January 20, 1997
2252:
2251:January 22, 1993
2239:
2238:
2237:
2228:
2202:
2201:January 15, 1992
2197:
2196:January 31, 1989
2184:
2183:
2182:
2180:Robert Mosbacher
2173:
2157:
2156:January 20, 1981
2152:
2139:
2138:
2137:
2135:Philip Klutznick
2128:
2112:
2111:January 20, 1981
2107:
2093:
2092:
2091:
2089:Neil Goldschmidt
2082:
2066:
2061:
2060:January 23, 1977
2048:
2047:
2046:
2037:
2011:
2010:January 20, 1981
2006:
2005:January 20, 1977
1992:
1991:
1990:
1981:
1965:
1964:January 20, 1977
1960:
1959:January 14, 1975
1951:Attorney General
1946:
1945:
1944:
1935:
1902:
1901:January 20, 1977
1897:
1883:
1882:
1881:
1872:
1851:
1850:January 20, 1969
1846:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1822:
1806:
1801:
1800:January 21, 1961
1787:
1786:
1785:
1783:Abraham Ribicoff
1776:
1755:
1750:
1749:January 21, 1961
1737:
1736:
1735:
1726:
1693:
1688:
1674:
1673:
1672:
1670:Henry Morgenthau
1663:
1637:
1632:
1618:
1617:
1616:
1607:
1595:
1564:
1559:
1553:
1500:Veterans Affairs
1396:under President
1330:
1321:
1303:
1296:
1289:
1272:
1271:
1260:
1259:
1258:
1079:District Council
1062:Local government
946:Environmentalism
310:Executive Office
305:Federal agencies
115:
110:
30:Politics of the
29:
18:
5123:
5122:
5118:
5117:
5116:
5114:
5113:
5112:
5088:
5087:
5086:
5085:
5069:
5068:
5064:
5053:
5049:
5039:
5037:
5026:
5025:
5021:
5011:
5009:
5000:
4999:
4995:
4985:
4983:
4973:
4972:
4968:
4958:
4956:
4947:
4946:
4942:
4932:
4930:
4921:
4920:
4916:
4906:
4904:
4895:
4894:
4890:
4882:
4878:
4872:Wayback Machine
4863:
4859:
4849:
4847:
4838:
4837:
4833:
4824:
4822:
4820:Washington Post
4813:
4812:
4808:
4800:
4796:
4788:
4784:
4774:
4772:
4759:
4758:
4754:
4738:
4737:
4733:
4718:
4717:
4713:
4703:
4701:
4692:
4691:
4687:
4677:
4675:
4670:
4669:
4665:
4656:
4654:
4649:
4648:
4644:
4634:
4632:
4620:Kornbluh, Jacob
4618:
4617:
4604:
4594:
4592:
4586:
4585:
4581:
4571:
4569:
4555:
4554:
4550:
4532:
4531:
4527:
4517:
4515:
4510:. May 2, 2013.
4500:
4499:
4495:
4486:
4484:
4475:
4474:
4465:
4451:
4450:
4446:
4439:
4424:
4423:
4419:
4409:
4407:
4398:
4397:
4393:
4380:
4379:
4375:
4365:
4363:
4355:
4354:
4350:
4340:
4338:
4330:
4329:
4325:
4315:
4313:
4305:
4304:
4300:
4293:
4278:
4277:
4236:
4226:
4224:
4207:Feerick, John.
4206:
4205:
4201:
4191:
4189:
4176:
4175:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4160:
4147:
4140:
4127:
4116:
4111:
4104:
4099:
4055:
4037:
4024:Jared Bernstein
4022:
4021:
4020:
3996:
3982:
3981:
3980:
3959:
3954:
3938:
3937:
3936:
3912:
3897:
3896:
3895:
3869:
3864:
3850:
3849:
3848:
3827:
3822:
3807:
3806:
3805:
3784:
3779:
3765:
3764:
3763:
3742:
3737:
3722:
3721:
3720:
3703:
3698:
3682:
3677:
3662:
3661:
3660:
3639:
3634:
3619:
3618:
3617:
3587:October 1, 2010
3586:
3581:
3567:
3566:
3565:
3548:
3543:
3517:
3512:
3497:
3496:
3495:
3474:
3469:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3430:
3425:
3411:
3410:
3409:
3388:
3383:
3368:
3367:
3366:
3345:
3340:
3326:Joseph Stiglitz
3324:
3323:
3322:
3301:
3296:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3248:
3243:
3229:
3228:
3227:
3196:
3191:
3176:
3175:
3174:
3149:August 17, 1979
3148:
3143:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3095:
3090:
3077:Arthur Goldberg
3075:
3074:
3073:
3019:
3005:
2987:
2972:Merrick Garland
2970:
2969:
2968:
2944:
2927:
2926:
2925:
2901:
2884:
2883:
2882:
2848:
2831:
2830:
2829:
2803:
2798:
2780:
2779:
2778:
2747:
2742:
2725:
2724:
2723:
2702:
2697:
2680:
2679:
2678:
2647:
2642:
2625:
2624:
2623:
2602:
2597:
2582:Michael Mukasey
2580:
2579:
2578:
2547:
2542:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2496:
2491:
2474:
2473:
2472:
2446:
2441:
2424:
2423:
2422:
2401:
2396:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2356:
2351:
2333:
2332:
2331:
2310:
2305:
2288:
2287:
2286:
2255:
2250:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2200:
2195:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2155:
2151:January 9, 1980
2150:
2133:
2132:
2131:
2110:
2106:August 15, 1979
2105:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2064:
2059:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2009:
2004:
1986:
1985:
1984:
1963:
1958:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1900:
1895:
1879:Henry Kissinger
1877:
1876:
1875:
1849:
1844:
1829:Wilbur J. Cohen
1827:
1826:
1825:
1804:
1799:
1781:
1780:
1779:
1753:
1748:
1733:Arthur Goldberg
1731:
1730:
1729:
1691:
1687:January 1, 1934
1686:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1635:
1630:
1612:
1611:
1610:
1551:
1543:
1522:have had none.
1417:Henry Kissinger
1367:Jewish American
1355:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1337:Henry Kissinger
1333:
1332:
1331:
1323:
1322:
1307:
1278:
1266:
1256:
1254:
1246:
1245:
1197:
1179:
1159:
1140:Nationality law
1136:
1124:
1104:
1094:
1093:
1066:
1021:
1011:
1010:
997:
932:
874:
864:
863:
855:
835:
821:
811:
810:
798:
788:
510:
502:
472:
463:
453:
452:
447:Other tribunals
442:
408:District courts
390:
325:
315:
314:
296:
292:Merrick Garland
244:
234:
233:
228:Mitch McConnell
225:Minority Leader
214:Majority Leader
179:
155:Hakeem Jeffries
152:Minority Leader
141:Majority Leader
117:
94:
84:
83:
55:
32:
12:
11:
5:
5121:
5119:
5111:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5090:
5089:
5084:
5083:
5062:
5047:
5019:
4993:
4966:
4940:
4928:Jewish Insider
4914:
4888:
4876:
4857:
4831:
4806:
4794:
4782:
4752:
4731:
4711:
4700:on May 1, 2017
4685:
4663:
4642:
4602:
4579:
4548:
4525:
4493:
4463:
4444:
4438:978-0977356782
4437:
4417:
4391:
4373:
4348:
4323:
4298:
4291:
4234:
4199:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4158:
4138:
4114:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4094:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4072:
4071:
4066:
4054:
4051:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4035:
4029:
4018:
4011:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:Jeffrey Zients
3978:
3971:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3946:
3934:
3927:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3893:
3886:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3874:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3846:
3839:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3830:
3825:
3823:August 2, 2013
3820:
3814:
3803:
3796:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:Michael Froman
3761:
3754:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3745:
3743:August 2, 2013
3740:
3735:
3729:
3718:
3711:
3707:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3669:
3658:
3651:
3647:
3646:
3644:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3626:
3615:
3608:
3604:
3603:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3563:
3556:
3552:
3551:
3546:
3544:April 14, 2006
3541:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3520:
3518:April 14, 2006
3515:
3510:
3504:
3493:
3486:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3461:
3449:
3442:
3438:
3437:
3435:
3433:
3428:
3426:March 18, 1997
3423:
3418:
3407:
3400:
3396:
3395:
3393:
3391:
3389:August 3, 1999
3386:
3381:
3375:
3364:
3357:
3353:
3352:
3350:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3332:
3320:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3283:John M. Deutch
3277:
3270:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3251:
3249:April 12, 1996
3246:
3241:
3236:
3225:
3218:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3172:
3165:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3153:
3151:
3146:
3144:March 30, 1977
3141:
3136:
3124:
3117:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3071:
3064:
3060:
3059:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3025:
3024:
3004:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:March 11, 2021
2985:
2982:
2977:
2966:
2959:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2942:
2939:
2934:
2923:
2916:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2899:
2896:
2891:
2880:
2873:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2846:
2843:
2838:
2833:Antony Blinken
2827:
2820:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2808:
2806:
2804:March 28, 2018
2801:
2796:
2793:
2788:
2776:
2769:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2737:
2732:
2727:Steven Mnuchin
2721:
2714:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2692:
2687:
2682:Penny Pritzker
2676:
2669:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2637:
2632:
2621:
2614:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2592:
2587:
2576:
2569:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2537:
2532:
2520:
2513:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2501:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2486:
2481:
2470:
2463:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2451:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2436:
2431:
2420:
2413:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2399:
2397:April 12, 1996
2394:
2391:
2386:
2375:
2368:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2354:
2352:March 30, 1995
2349:
2346:
2341:
2329:
2322:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2300:
2295:
2284:
2277:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2245:
2240:
2229:
2222:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2190:
2185:
2174:
2167:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2145:
2140:
2129:
2122:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2100:
2095:
2083:
2076:
2072:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:August 4, 1979
2062:
2057:
2054:
2049:
2038:
2031:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1999:
1994:
1982:
1975:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1953:
1948:
1942:Edward H. Levi
1936:
1929:
1925:
1924:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1890:
1885:
1873:
1866:
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1597:
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1585:
1582:
1579:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1557:
1556:
1542:
1539:
1531:oath of office
1496:Transportation
1431:who served as
1421:Antony Blinken
1392:who served as
1390:Penny Pritzker
1341:Antony Blinken
1335:
1334:
1325:
1324:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1305:
1298:
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1279:
1277:
1276:
1264:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1231:European Union
1228:
1226:United Kingdom
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1196:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1178:
1177:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1158:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1135:
1134:
1123:
1122:
1120:Antony Blinken
1112:
1111:
1105:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1089:Superior Court
1086:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1065:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1022:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1003:
996:
995:
994:
993:
988:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
956:Libertarianism
953:
948:
943:
938:
931:
930:
929:
928:
923:
913:
912:
911:
909:Traditionalist
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
875:
870:
869:
866:
865:
862:
861:
854:
853:
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834:
833:
828:
822:
817:
816:
813:
812:
809:
808:
797:
796:
787:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
764:American Samoa
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
709:South Carolina
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
674:North Carolina
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
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516:
509:
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478:
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389:
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383:
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373:
367:
366:
361:
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351:
345:
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326:
321:
320:
317:
316:
313:
312:
307:
302:
295:
294:
288:
287:
279:
278:
271:
270:
262:
261:
254:
253:
245:
240:
239:
236:
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221:
220:
210:
209:
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198:
188:
187:
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159:
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148:
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137:
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126:
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104:
103:
95:
90:
89:
86:
85:
82:
81:
76:
71:
65:
64:
56:
51:
50:
47:
46:
36:
35:
25:
24:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5120:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
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5093:
5079:
5078:
5073:
5066:
5063:
5059:
5056:
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5048:
5036:
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5030:
5023:
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5008:
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4997:
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4981:
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4925:
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4609:
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4590:
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4580:
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4509:
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4421:
4418:
4406:
4402:
4395:
4392:
4387:
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4377:
4374:
4362:
4358:
4352:
4349:
4337:
4333:
4327:
4324:
4312:
4308:
4302:
4299:
4294:
4288:
4284:
4283:
4275:
4273:
4271:
4269:
4267:
4265:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4257:
4255:
4253:
4251:
4249:
4247:
4245:
4243:
4241:
4239:
4235:
4222:
4218:
4214:
4210:
4203:
4200:
4192:September 15,
4187:
4183:
4179:
4173:
4170:
4163:
4155:
4151:
4145:
4143:
4139:
4135:
4131:
4125:
4123:
4121:
4119:
4115:
4109:
4107:
4103:
4096:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4060:
4057:
4056:
4052:
4044:
4041:
4038:July 10, 2023
4036:
4034:
4031:Chair of the
4030:
4025:
4019:
4016:
4012:
4008:
4003:
4000:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3985:
3979:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3951:
3941:
3932:
3924:
3919:
3916:
3911:
3909:
3900:
3891:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3853:
3847:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3819:
3816:Chair of the
3815:
3810:
3804:
3801:
3797:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3780:June 21, 2013
3778:
3776:
3773:
3768:
3762:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3734:
3731:Chair of the
3730:
3725:
3719:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3702:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3691:
3681:
3676:
3674:
3670:
3665:
3656:
3648:
3643:
3640:July 30, 2010
3638:
3633:
3631:
3627:
3622:
3616:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3570:
3564:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3547:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3516:
3513:June 26, 2003
3511:
3509:
3505:
3500:
3499:Joshua Bolten
3491:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3466:
3456:
3447:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3414:
3408:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3380:
3377:Chair of the
3376:
3371:
3365:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3341:June 28, 1995
3339:
3337:
3334:Chair of the
3327:
3318:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3293:
3284:
3275:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3232:
3231:Mickey Kantor
3226:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3188:
3179:
3170:
3162:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3140:
3131:
3122:
3114:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3099:
3096:June 24, 1968
3094:
3091:July 28, 1965
3089:
3087:
3078:
3069:
3061:
3028:
3023:
3020: *
3017:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3008:
3002:
2994:
2991:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2973:
2967:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2951:
2948:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2930:
2924:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2908:
2905:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2887:
2881:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2852:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2834:
2828:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2783:
2782:David Shulkin
2774:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2728:
2722:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2698:June 26, 2013
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2683:
2677:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2628:
2622:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2583:
2577:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2527:
2518:
2510:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2477:
2471:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2427:
2426:William Cohen
2421:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2382:
2381:Mickey Kantor
2376:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2336:
2327:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2291:
2285:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2236:
2230:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2181:
2175:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2136:
2130:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2090:
2081:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2045:
2039:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1989:
1980:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1943:
1934:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1889:
1880:
1871:
1863:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1830:
1824:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1808:
1805:July 13, 1962
1803:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1784:
1775:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1734:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1692:July 22, 1945
1680:
1671:
1662:
1654:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:March 5, 1909
1634:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1615:
1606:
1598:
1578:
1560:
1555:
1552: *
1549:
1548:
1547:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1523:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1456:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1441:Richard Nixon
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1384:by President
1383:
1379:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1365:, has had 47
1364:
1360:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1329:
1320:
1304:
1299:
1297:
1292:
1290:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1263:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1249:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1236:Latin America
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1098:
1097:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1015:
1014:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
998:
992:
989:
987:
984:
983:
982:
979:
977:
976:Republicanism
974:
972:
971:Protectionism
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
933:
927:
926:Progressivism
924:
922:
919:
918:
917:
914:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
881:
880:
877:
876:
873:
868:
867:
860:
857:
856:
850:
847:
845:
842:
841:
840:
839:Third parties
837:
836:
832:
829:
827:
824:
823:
820:
815:
814:
807:
805:
800:
799:
795:
794:
790:
789:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
749:West Virginia
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
654:New Hampshire
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
614:Massachusetts
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
511:
507:
504:
503:
497:
494:
493:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
473:
469:
466:
465:
462:
457:
456:
449:
448:
444:
443:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
413:
409:
406:
404:
401:
400:
397:
396:
392:
391:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
368:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
347:
346:
343:
340:
339:Chief Justice
337:
336:
333:
332:
328:
327:
324:
319:
318:
311:
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
297:
293:
290:
289:
286:
285:
281:
280:
276:
275:Kamala Harris
273:
272:
269:
268:
264:
263:
259:
256:
255:
252:
251:
247:
246:
243:
238:
237:
229:
226:
223:
222:
218:
217:Chuck Schumer
215:
212:
211:
207:
204:
201:
200:
196:
195:Kamala Harris
193:
190:
189:
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5012:September 3,
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4172:
3955:June 2, 2021
3899:Avril Haines
3809:Jason Furman
3724:Alan Krueger
3621:Peter Orszag
3569:Rahm Emanuel
3470:May 21, 1998
3370:Janet Yellen
3297:May 10, 1995
3192:July 1, 1988
3018:
3009:
3006:
2886:Janet Yellen
2492:July 2, 1999
2335:Dan Glickman
2311:July 2, 1999
2290:Robert Rubin
2235:Robert Reich
1988:Harold Brown
1845:May 16, 1968
1704:Roosevelt II
1614:Oscar Straus
1550:
1544:
1524:
1520:the Interior
1457:
1453:Jimmy Carter
1437:Janet Yellen
1414:
1406:Jimmy Carter
1402:Bill Clinton
1398:Barack Obama
1380:, appointed
1378:Oscar Straus
1375:
1356:
1069:
1045:Legislatures
1025:
936:Abolitionism
879:Conservatism
801:
791:
714:South Dakota
704:Rhode Island
699:Pennsylvania
679:North Dakota
505:
467:
445:
393:
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329:
282:
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206:Patty Murray
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133:Mike Johnson
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4886:May 1, 2013
4775:January 15,
4635:January 22,
4629:The Forward
4595:15 February
4562:The Forward
4518:November 7,
4507:The Forward
4481:The Forward
4405:The Forward
3940:Eric Lander
3047:Term start
3044:Term start
2811:Independent
1648:Roosevelt I
1581:Term start
1527:U.S. Senate
1492:Agriculture
1445:Gerald Ford
1241:Arab League
1155:Visa policy
1031:Territorial
844:Libertarian
779:Puerto Rico
629:Mississippi
544:Connecticut
92:Legislature
5092:Categories
5040:August 19,
4907:August 23,
4850:6 November
4825:2006-11-09
4678:October 8,
4657:2014-03-21
4487:2017-01-22
4316:August 21,
4164:References
4152:and not a
4042:Incumbent
4001:Incumbent
3917:Incumbent
3594:Democratic
3525:Republican
3256:Democratic
3204:Republican
3103:Democratic
2992:Incumbent
2949:Incumbent
2906:Incumbent
2859:Democratic
2853:Incumbent
2755:Republican
2655:Democratic
2555:Republican
2504:Democratic
2454:Republican
2263:Democratic
2208:Republican
2017:Democratic
1908:Republican
1699:Democratic
1643:Republican
1577:Succession
1033:government
1019:Federalism
961:Monarchism
916:Liberalism
831:Republican
826:Democratic
744:Washington
664:New Mexico
659:New Jersey
534:California
3852:Ron Klain
3035:Portrait
1584:Term end
1567:Portrait
1512:Education
1410:Joe Biden
1145:Passports
1040:Governors
986:Anarchism
981:Socialism
754:Wisconsin
719:Tennessee
624:Minnesota
599:Louisiana
461:Elections
376:Kavanaugh
359:Sotomayor
323:Judiciary
258:Joe Biden
242:Executive
192:President
5034:PBS News
4980:Archived
4953:Archived
4868:Archived
4769:Archived
4704:22 March
4566:Archived
4543:Archived
4512:Archived
4221:Archived
4186:Archived
4053:See also
3664:Jack Lew
3455:Jack Lew
2627:Jack Lew
966:Populism
951:Feminism
739:Virginia
689:Oklahoma
669:New York
644:Nebraska
634:Missouri
619:Michigan
609:Maryland
594:Kentucky
574:Illinois
549:Delaware
539:Colorado
529:Arkansas
74:Taxation
4591:. JPost
4227:July 3,
3261:Clinton
3108:Johnson
3041:Office
2560:Bush II
2268:Clinton
1857:Johnson
1761:Kennedy
1573:Office
1476:Defense
884:history
759:Wyoming
734:Vermont
639:Montana
579:Indiana
559:Georgia
554:Florida
524:Arizona
514:Alabama
386:Jackson
381:Barrett
371:Gorsuch
300:Cabinet
130:Speaker
4435:
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3209:Reagan
3156:Carter
3050:Party
2213:Bush I
2022:Carter
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1587:Party
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1508:Energy
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1201:Russia
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921:Modern
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694:Oregon
649:Nevada
589:Kansas
564:Hawaii
519:Alaska
349:Thomas
184:Senate
79:Policy
4134:Labor
4097:Notes
3877:Biden
3599:Obama
3038:Name
2864:Biden
2760:Trump
2660:Obama
1913:Nixon
1570:Name
1480:Labor
1472:State
1216:Japan
1211:India
1206:China
1084:Mayor
1027:State
889:Black
849:Green
724:Texas
604:Maine
569:Idaho
364:Kagan
354:Alito
5042:2024
5014:2017
4988:2020
4961:2020
4935:2020
4909:2019
4852:2013
4777:2001
4706:2018
4680:2015
4637:2021
4597:2018
4574:2016
4520:2017
4433:ISBN
4412:2022
4368:2008
4343:2008
4318:2019
4287:ISBN
4229:2018
4194:2022
4132:and
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1922:Ford
1594:Ref.
1458:The
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1357:The
1339:and
1183:NATO
1049:list
1029:and
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769:Guam
729:Utah
684:Ohio
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