Knowledge (XXG)

List of World Heritage Sites in Yemen

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746: 346: 613: 289: 658: 137:, established in 1972. Cultural heritage consists of monuments (such as architectural works, monumental sculptures, or inscriptions), groups of buildings, and sites (including archaeological sites). Natural features (consisting of physical and biological formations), geological and physiographical formations (including habitats of threatened species of animals and plants), and natural sites which are important from the point of view of science, conservation or natural beauty, are defined as natural heritage. 575: 22: 1715: 702: 822: 857: 391: 784: 427: 542: 1598: 891: 239: 77: 61: 93: 45: 29: 562:, a powerful Muslim spiritual school in Yemen. The city is surrounded by a wall with 52 watchtowers and 16 gates. In the city, there are multi-storey houses built of earth and brick, palaces, and 14 mosques from the 10th to 16th centuries. The Zaydite cemetery, located outside the walls, is the largest and oldest in Yemen. 498:
In addition to sites inscribed on the World Heritage List, member states can maintain a list of tentative sites that they may consider for nomination. Nominations for the World Heritage List are only accepted if the site was previously listed on the tentative list. As of 2023, Yemen has listed nine
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between the 16th and 19th centuries. Floods pose a risk to the city as traditional water management systems have been gradually abandoned. Furthermore, installing a modern water supply with inadequate drainage and changes in livestock management have contributed to the deteriorating city condition.
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The coastal town of Zabid was Yemen's capital from the 13th to 15th century. It was a fortified town, with four gates, watchtowers, a citadel, and wall fragments still remaining. It was an important centre of learning during the early Islamic period from the 7th century on, with a large number of
846:
in the neighbouring Oman, is important in view of its plant diversity. While most of the rest of the country is arid, Hawf is covered with trees and is home to several animal species. The area is threatened by the expansion and intensification of agriculture.
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of hamlets and terraces used for farming. There are five vegetation zones spanning over 2,000 m (6,600 ft), with bananas being grown at the bottom, coffee in the middle, and durum wheat at higher altitudes. The area is threatened by logging,
645:. The monument was in poor condition until 1978 when several foreign missions began to understand its importance and uniqueness. Renovation took place, where new generation of artisans learned to work with traditional techniques. 413:
pictured), as well as endemic reptile and land snail species. The islands support land and marine bird populations while the marine areas are home to coral reefs with numerous species of fish, crab, lobster, and shrimp.
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is a small ancient city with the remains of buildings that were built in a mixture of Yemeni, Arab, and Hindu styles. The area is popular with tourists. Bada village has hot spring baths.
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and played a major role in cultural exchange with the Mediterranean and East Africa. The monuments date from the 1st millennium BCE to the arrival of Islam around 630 CE. They include the
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The Socotra Archipelago comprises four islands and two rocky islets. Both land and marine area are exceptionally rich in biodiversity. The islands are home to many endemic plant species (
1817: 1540: 1792: 904: 745: 1772: 1639: 595:
period. The walled city is well preserved, with stone houses with three to five floors built in a consistent style, narrow streets, a 12th-century mosque, and a 15th-century
1702: 1946: 1728: 1584: 419: 149: 99: 1997: 1951: 1913: 1632: 1870: 1832: 1802: 1723: 1691: 1878: 1860: 1855: 1533: 21: 1883: 1742: 1696: 1686: 1676: 1671: 375:. The historic character of the town is threatened by new concrete and steel constructions and overhead electrical cables. The site has been listed as 1926: 1903: 1956: 1936: 1921: 1898: 1850: 263:
houses, representing one of the oldest examples of high-rise urban planning. It is also a prominent example of the traditional architecture of the
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Archipelago was listed in 2008, and it is the only natural site in Yemen, while the other four are cultural. All four cultural sites are listed as
1961: 1941: 1782: 1757: 1747: 1737: 678:
in the 11th and 12th centuries. The city is located in a mountain setting with river gorges and well integrated into the environment, forming a
1992: 1987: 1812: 1777: 1752: 1681: 1526: 317:. The city is one of the original centres from which the faith spread. The walled city comprises many traditional multi-storey houses built of 1893: 1888: 1845: 1840: 1807: 1797: 1655: 176:
threats. Yemen has nine sites on its tentative list. The country served as a member of the World Heritage Committee in the years 1985–1991.
1931: 1787: 1767: 1762: 484: 330: 273: 173: 1050: 730:
comprises fortified villages on the mountain slopes and the terraces in these slopes that were used to grow alfalfa, millet, coffee,
480: 376: 326: 269: 161: 1714: 108: 1500: 1474: 1448: 1422: 1396: 1370: 1344: 1318: 1292: 612: 305:
The city of Sana'a has been inhabited for more than 2500 years. It played a crucial role in Islam's early years, with the
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Jabal Bura is a mountain where the western side is covered by dense tropical vegetation and the eastern side comprises a
992: 188:; each entry must meet at least one of the criteria. Criteria i through vi are cultural, and vii through x are natural. 1266: 959: 933: 1240: 1214: 1084: 1018: 1162: 1136: 1110: 134: 1188: 345: 325:. The city is threatened by new constructions and improper conservation practices. The site has been listed as 112:
Location of World Heritage Sites in Yemen. Red dots represent cultural sites, the green dot is a natural site.
751: 351: 862: 244: 827: 517: 306: 288: 212: 580: 618: 1081:"Yemen's Old City of Sana'a and Old Walled City of Shibam added to List of World Heritage in Danger" 808:
Kingdom, a volcanic crater lake (pictured), a fishing port of Burum, and the surrounding landscape.
1579: 1549: 801: 789: 396: 384: 185: 122: 83: 734:, and other crops. Settlements include Manakha and AI-Hajjara that both date to the 12th century. 843: 763: 727: 679: 409: 168:
was listed in 2000 because of the deteriorating state of the historic buildings. Shibam and the
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between the mountains on an important caravan trade route. The city has several multi-storey
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harvesting, and the construction of newly constructed roads in a fragile environment.
1981: 839: 460: 1603: 896: 701: 650: 558:
Saada was founded by Imam AI-Hadi Yaya in the 9th century. It became the cradle of
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architecture of Yemen. The interiors and exteriors were decorated with paintings,
1496: 1470: 1444: 1418: 1392: 1366: 1340: 1314: 1288: 956:"Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage" 1518: 821: 695: 255:
The 16th-century walled city of Shibam is located on the edge of a giant flood
1593: 886: 805: 739: 718:
The mountainous region of Jabal Haraz was a caravan stopping point during the
988: 599:. There is a fortress on the top of a cliff under which the city is located. 1262: 955: 873: 472: 1569: 783: 682:
with terraces and small hamlets. The houses in the city are decorated with
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which have been nominated by countries which are signatories to the UNESCO
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since 2000 because of the deteriorating state of the historic buildings.
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The area comprises the oasis of Balhaf, Qana, a major port of the
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As of 2023, Yemen has five sites on the list. The first site, the
138: 51: 35: 371:-style courtyard house, is typical for the southern coast of the 814: 731: 321:
and burned brick, decorated by patterns made in brick and white
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United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
1628: 1522: 221: 148:, was designated in 1982. The most recent site listed was 905:
List of Intangible Cultural Heritage elements in Yemen
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patterns and the doors are made of carved wood. The
1912: 1869: 1831: 1722: 1662: 528: 512: 225: 207: 1237:"Landmarks of the Ancient Kingdom of Saba, Marib" 1015:"Landmarks of the Ancient Kingdom of Saba, Marib" 420:Landmarks of the Ancient Kingdom of Saba, Marib 1640: 1534: 172:were listed in 2015 and Marib in 2023 due to 8: 1499:(in French). UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 1447:(in French). UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 1421:(in French). UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 1395:(in French). UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 1369:(in French). UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 1343:(in French). UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 1317:(in French). UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 1291:(in French). UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 329:since 2015 due to the threats posed by the 309:being the first mosque constructed outside 272:since 2015 due to the threats posed by the 141:ratified the convention on 7 October 1980. 1647: 1633: 1625: 1541: 1527: 1519: 501: 196: 633:date to 1504 and are masterpieces of the 1585:Landmarks of the Ancient Kingdom of Saba 1075: 1073: 1071: 150:Landmarks of the Ancient Kingdom of Saba 1038: 1036: 983: 981: 979: 977: 921: 1321:from the original on 10 September 2013 674:Jibla was the highland capital of the 367:. The architecture, in particular the 1998:Lists of tourist attractions in Yemen 1656:Lists of World Heritage Sites in Asia 1616:List of World Heritage Sites in Yemen 1087:from the original on 1 September 2022 1056:from the original on 6 September 2011 479:. The site was immediately listed as 451:. The kingdom controlled much of the 7: 1373:from the original on 20 October 2020 1243:from the original on 26 January 2023 1191:from the original on 24 January 2021 1021:from the original on 25 January 2023 995:from the original on 27 October 2005 962:from the original on 1 February 2021 1503:from the original on 2 January 2021 1477:from the original on 2 January 2021 1451:from the original on 2 January 2021 1425:from the original on 2 January 2021 1399:from the original on 2 January 2021 1347:from the original on 2 January 2021 1295:from the original on 2 January 2021 1217:from the original on 14 August 2022 936:from the original on 27 August 2016 1165:from the original on 2 August 2022 1139:from the original on 3 August 2022 499:properties on its tentative list. 125:of outstanding universal value to 14: 1269:from the original on 1 April 2016 1113:from the original on 12 June 2016 1713: 1596: 1473:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 1265:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 1239:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 1213:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 1187:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 1161:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 1135:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 1109:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 1083:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 1049:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 1017:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 991:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 958:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 932:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 889: 855: 820: 804:since the period of the ancient 782: 744: 700: 656: 611: 573: 540: 483:due to the threats posed by the 467:(pictured), the ancient city of 425: 389: 344: 287: 237: 91: 75: 59: 43: 27: 20: 930:"The World Heritage Convention" 591:The city of Thula dates to the 76: 60: 1: 1993:Lists of World Heritage Sites 1988:World Heritage Sites in Yemen 1497:"Sharma/Jethmun coastal area" 1367:"The Madrasa Amiriya of Rada" 1341:"The Madrasa Amiriya of Rada" 92: 44: 28: 1315:"The Historic City of Thula" 1107:"The Criteria for Selection" 852:Sharma/Jethmun coastal area 722:and a stronghold during the 443:Marib was the centre of the 268:The site has been listed as 1445:"Balhaf/Burum coastal area" 1133:"Old Walled City of Shibam" 475:, and the ancient city of 252:192; iii, iv, v (cultural) 2014: 447:, possibly the Kingdom of 302:385; iv, v, vi (cultural) 1711: 1664:Northern and Central Asia 1613: 1591: 1575:Old Walled City of Shibam 1560: 851: 812: 775: 738: 726:in the 11th century. The 694: 649: 603: 566: 533: 525: 522: 515: 509: 440:1700; iii, iv (cultural) 418: 383: 337: 280: 232:Old Walled City of Shibam 230: 220: 217: 210: 204: 184:UNESCO lists sites under 146:Old Walled City of Shibam 135:World Heritage Convention 1289:"Historic city of Saada" 1185:"Historic Town of Zabid" 1044:"Twenty-fourth session" 1565:Historic Town of Zabid 588:i, iii, iv (cultural) 339:Historic Town of Zabid 166:Historic Town of Zabid 1211:"Socotra Archipelago" 671:ii, iv, v (cultural) 653:and its surroundings 567:The Historic City of 199:World Heritage Sites 1818:United Arab Emirates 1550:World Heritage Sites 1159:"Old City of Sana'a" 842:, together with the 779:/Burum coastal area 555:i, iv, v (cultural) 359:611; iii (cultural) 180:World Heritage Sites 123:World Heritage Sites 121:(UNESCO) designates 109:class=notpageimage| 1580:Socotra Archipelago 802:Incense trade route 506: 385:Socotra Archipelago 201: 1570:Old City of Sana'a 844:Dhofar Governorate 764:cultural landscape 728:cultural landscape 680:cultural landscape 502: 410:Dracaena cinnabari 404:1263; x (natural) 282:Old City of Sana'a 197: 170:Old City of Sana'a 1970: 1969: 1622: 1621: 1263:"Tentative Lists" 880: 879: 835:vii, x (natural) 720:Himyarite Kingdom 688:Queen Arwa Mosque 626:i, iv (cultural) 593:Himyarite Kingdom 534:Historic city of 491: 490: 457:Arabian Peninsula 455:trade across the 373:Arabian Peninsula 194: â€  In danger 2005: 1717: 1649: 1642: 1635: 1626: 1606: 1601: 1600: 1599: 1543: 1536: 1529: 1520: 1513: 1512: 1510: 1508: 1493: 1487: 1486: 1484: 1482: 1467: 1461: 1460: 1458: 1456: 1441: 1435: 1434: 1432: 1430: 1415: 1409: 1408: 1406: 1404: 1389: 1383: 1382: 1380: 1378: 1363: 1357: 1356: 1354: 1352: 1337: 1331: 1330: 1328: 1326: 1311: 1305: 1304: 1302: 1300: 1285: 1279: 1278: 1276: 1274: 1259: 1253: 1252: 1250: 1248: 1233: 1227: 1226: 1224: 1222: 1207: 1201: 1200: 1198: 1196: 1181: 1175: 1174: 1172: 1170: 1155: 1149: 1148: 1146: 1144: 1129: 1123: 1122: 1120: 1118: 1103: 1097: 1096: 1094: 1092: 1077: 1066: 1065: 1063: 1061: 1055: 1048: 1040: 1031: 1030: 1028: 1026: 1011: 1005: 1004: 1002: 1000: 985: 972: 971: 969: 967: 952: 946: 945: 943: 941: 926: 910:Tourism in Yemen 899: 894: 893: 892: 859: 824: 786: 748: 724:Sulayhid dynasty 704: 676:Sulayhid dynasty 660: 615: 577: 544: 526:UNESCO criteria 507: 505: 504:Tentative sites 485:Yemeni Civil War 429: 393: 348: 331:Yemeni Civil War 291: 274:Yemeni Civil War 241: 223: 202: 200: 193: 174:Yemeni Civil War 131:natural heritage 95: 94: 79: 78: 63: 62: 47: 46: 31: 30: 24: 2013: 2012: 2008: 2007: 2006: 2004: 2003: 2002: 1978: 1977: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1908: 1865: 1827: 1726: 1718: 1709: 1658: 1653: 1623: 1618: 1609: 1602: 1597: 1595: 1589: 1556: 1547: 1517: 1516: 1506: 1504: 1495: 1494: 1490: 1480: 1478: 1471:"The Hawf Area" 1469: 1468: 1464: 1454: 1452: 1443: 1442: 1438: 1428: 1426: 1417: 1416: 1412: 1402: 1400: 1391: 1390: 1386: 1376: 1374: 1365: 1364: 1360: 1350: 1348: 1339: 1338: 1334: 1324: 1322: 1313: 1312: 1308: 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The 155: 151: 147: 142: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 110: 101: 85: 69: 53: 37: 23: 16: 1833:Eastern Asia 1822: 1803:Saudi Arabia 1724:Western Asia 1703:Soviet Union 1692:Turkmenistan 1615: 1604:Yemen portal 1505:. Retrieved 1491: 1479:. Retrieved 1465: 1453:. Retrieved 1439: 1427:. Retrieved 1419:"Jabal Bura" 1413: 1401:. Retrieved 1387: 1375:. Retrieved 1361: 1349:. Retrieved 1335: 1323:. Retrieved 1309: 1297:. Retrieved 1283: 1271:. Retrieved 1257: 1245:. Retrieved 1231: 1219:. Retrieved 1205: 1193:. Retrieved 1179: 1167:. Retrieved 1153: 1141:. Retrieved 1127: 1115:. Retrieved 1101: 1089:. Retrieved 1058:. Retrieved 1023:. Retrieved 1009: 997:. Retrieved 964:. Retrieved 950: 940:21 September 938:. Retrieved 924: 897:Yemen portal 838:The area in 529:Description 523:Year listed 497: 408: 363:mosques and 319:rammed earth 307:Great Mosque 226:Description 218:Year listed 186:ten criteria 183: 143: 116: 15: 1947:Philippines 1879:Afghanistan 1861:South Korea 1856:North Korea 1729:Arab States 1727:(including 1091:4 September 1060:4 September 999:4 September 752:Al Hudaydah 696:Jabal Haraz 518:governorate 465:Awam Temple 352:Al Hudaydah 222:UNESCO data 213:governorate 1982:Categories 1884:Bangladesh 1743:Azerbaijan 1697:Uzbekistan 1687:Tajikistan 1677:Kyrgyzstan 1672:Kazakhstan 1247:26 January 1025:25 January 966:3 February 916:References 870:(natural) 863:Hadhramaut 806:Hadhramaut 740:Jabal Bura 516:Location ( 481:endangered 377:endangered 327:endangered 270:endangered 245:Hadhramaut 211:Location ( 162:endangered 1952:Singapore 1927:Indonesia 1904:Sri Lanka 1793:Palestine 1507:17 August 1481:17 August 1455:17 August 1429:17 August 1403:17 August 1377:17 August 1351:17 August 1325:17 August 1299:17 August 1273:7 October 1221:17 August 1195:17 August 1169:17 August 1143:17 August 1117:17 August 874:Ash-Shihr 828:Al Mahrah 1957:Thailand 1937:Malaysia 1922:Cambodia 1899:Pakistan 1851:Mongolia 1501:Archived 1475:Archived 1449:Archived 1423:Archived 1397:Archived 1371:Archived 1345:Archived 1319:Archived 1293:Archived 1267:Archived 1241:Archived 1215:Archived 1189:Archived 1163:Archived 1137:Archived 1111:Archived 1085:Archived 1051:Archived 1019:Archived 993:Archived 960:Archived 934:Archived 883:See also 797:(mixed) 769:firewood 759:(mixed) 715:(mixed) 619:Al Bayda 608:of Rada 365:madrasas 261:mudbrick 127:cultural 1962:Vietnam 1942:Myanmar 1783:Lebanon 1758:Georgia 1748:Bahrain 1738:Armenia 1701:Former 989:"Yemen" 790:Shabwah 635:Tahirid 631:madrasa 560:Zaydism 453:incense 397:Socotra 369:Tihamah 158:Socotra 84:Socotra 1813:Turkey 1778:Jordan 1773:Israel 1753:Cyprus 1682:Russia 777:Balhaf 684:stucco 641:, and 639:stucco 597:hammam 581:'Amran 513:Image 477:Sirwah 463:, the 323:gypsum 315:Medina 208:Image 192:  164:. The 68:Shibam 1894:Nepal 1889:India 1846:Japan 1841:China 1823:Yemen 1808:Syria 1798:Qatar 1554:Yemen 1054:(PDF) 1047:(PDF) 867:2002 832:2002 817:Area 794:2002 756:2002 712:2002 708:Sanaa 668:2002 651:Jibla 643:qadad 623:2002 585:2002 569:Thula 552:2002 548:Saada 536:Saada 510:Site 469:Marib 449:Sheba 437:2023 433:Marib 401:2008 356:1993 311:Mecca 299:1986 295:Sanaa 249:1982 205:Site 154:Marib 139:Yemen 100:Marib 52:Sanaa 36:Zabid 1932:Laos 1788:Oman 1768:Iraq 1763:Iran 1509:2022 1483:2022 1457:2022 1431:2022 1405:2022 1379:2022 1353:2022 1327:2022 1301:2022 1275:2010 1249:2023 1223:2022 1197:2022 1171:2022 1145:2022 1119:2018 1093:2022 1062:2022 1027:2023 1001:2022 968:2021 942:2010 815:Hawf 813:The 732:khat 604:The 313:and 257:wadi 117:The 1552:in 664:Ibb 152:in 129:or 1984:: 1070:^ 1035:^ 976:^ 520:) 487:. 471:, 422:† 341:† 333:. 284:† 276:. 234:† 215:) 1731:) 1648:e 1641:t 1634:v 1542:e 1535:t 1528:v 1511:. 1485:. 1459:. 1433:. 1407:. 1381:. 1355:. 1329:. 1303:. 1277:. 1251:. 1225:. 1199:. 1173:. 1147:. 1121:. 1095:. 1064:. 1029:. 1003:. 970:. 944:.

Index

Map showing the locations of World Heritage Sites in Yemen
Zabid
Sanaa
Shibam
Socotra
Marib
class=notpageimage|
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
World Heritage Sites
cultural
natural heritage
World Heritage Convention
Yemen
Old Walled City of Shibam
Landmarks of the Ancient Kingdom of Saba
Marib
Socotra
endangered
Historic Town of Zabid
Old City of Sana'a
Yemeni Civil War
ten criteria
governorate
Old Walled City of Shibam
High mudbrick buildings
Hadhramaut
wadi
mudbrick
Hadhrami people
endangered

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