1204:
1113:
901:
1282:
371:
302:
820:
1532:"Robin Hood Country" Nottingham and the wider county of Nottinghamshire are often referred to as "Robin Hood country" because of its association with the legendary figure Robin Hood. According to folklore, Robin Hood was an outlaw who lived in Sherwood Forest in Nottinghamshire and was known for robbing from the rich to give to the poor. The stories of Robin Hood have been popularized in various ballads, stories, and films, cementing Nottinghamshire's connection to the legendary outlaw.
499:
655:
322:"Swรฎt Byr-dษฬr (Gwentian Welsh), Sweet 'Berdare (English)" โ A nickname remembered by the very old in the town, but no longer in general use. Popular in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Example of its use in 1916: "You do not hear a lot about us, but we are nevertheless doing our duty toward our King and country. I hope that I shall be spared to see Sweet 'Berdare once again. โ I remain, B. J. Edwards. Sto. No. I. Mess, H.M.S. Colossus, c/o G.P.O. London."
1694:
1547:
24:
2001:
1159:"City of Kings" due to Leicester being the burial place of Richard III and King Leir (legendary/mythical founder of the city, after whom the city is said to have been named, and inspiration for King Lear) and, tongue in cheek, of the ghost of Lady Jane Grey the "Lady King" who is said to haunt Bradgate Park, just North of the city.
581:. It has a long history with film and filmmaking, which started with inventors and pioneers of film in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The city has many cinemas, and courses, festivals and other events to do with film. The city is often used as a location for film and TV productions, and is home to the
2363:
1388:"The Second City" โ commonly used by Mancunians and Manchester enthusiasts, suggesting that the city of Manchester is the second most important city in England after London, not in size, but in quality of nightlife, culture, atmosphere, history, football clubs, music, etc.
1385:"Mancunia" โ the place that Mancunians, people from Manchester, reside and call home. Commonly used by proud Mancs when asked where they are from. Originates from the word "Mamucium" which was the Latin name for Manchester back in the day when the Romans conquered Britain.
153:
Nicknames and slogans that successfully create a new community "ideology or myth" are also believed to have economic value. Their economic value is difficult to measure, but there are anecdotal reports of cities that have achieved substantial economic benefits by
2888:
514:"Cracknell" โ denigratory reference to Bracknell's predominantly lower middle class population, many of whom are assumed to be drug dealers. However, there is no evidence to suggest that drug use is higher in Bracknell than in any other part of the country.
1382:"Warehouse city" โ also emerged as a nickname in the 19th century thanks to the large number of warehouses constructed (1,819 by 1815), particularly concentrated in a square mile around the city centre. Many of these were noted for their scale and style.
1663:"Pompey" โ thought to have derived from shipping entering Portsmouth harbour making an entry in their logs as Pom. P. in reference to Portsmouth Point. Navigational charts also use this abbreviation. Other derivations of the name exist, and the city's
1681:
to have been common in 1709, and it remains in use to this day. A common misconception is that the "PP" on the city's coat of arms stands for "Proud
Preston", though the city council states that it actually stands for "Princeps Pacis" (Prince of
2360:
2393:
992:
name
Glaschu. The name has older British Celtic (Brythonic) roots, reflected in modern Welsh as Glas-coed or -cae. (Green wood, or hollow). The Britons of Strathclyde (Ystrad Clud) were gradually displaced by the
402:"Tahn" or "Tarn" โ derived from pronunciation of 'town' in the local dialect, although the term is often used with an increasing sense of irony given the relatively neutral accents of younger people in the town.
150:. City nicknames can help in establishing a civic identity, helping outsiders recognize a community or attracting people to a community because of its nickname; promote civic pride; and build community unity.
726:"Coalopolis" โ Now fallen from use, but popular during the 19th and early 20th centuries when Cardiff experienced unusually rapid growth as a consequence of being the largest international exporter of coal.
5003:
5061:
41:
934:"Athens of the North" โ a reference to the many new public buildings of the Greek neo-classical style built in the eighteenth century, the most visually prominent of which, the incomplete
2267:
2019:
1376:, but gained colloquial popularity, especially on the gay scene and was immortalized in iron and song lyrics during a 2005 staging of a stage musical version of the TV sketches.
531:
refers to the city's large Asian community, particularly from
Pakistan. The nickname is used by white and Asian people alike, and came to many people's attention in the film
808:"Poventry" - Portmanteau of poverty and Coventry - a denigratory reference to Coventry's societal deprivation, urban decay and uglification compared to other British cities.
4178:
5340:
3727:
5582:
1786:"England's largest village" โ term coined locally to reflect indigenous pride in the perceived inherent friendliness of the City's inhabitants and its low crime rates.
161:
Some unofficial nicknames are positive, while others are derisive. The unofficial nicknames listed here have been in use for a long time or have gained wide currency.
5858:
5089:
2426:
1729:
make due to the unattractive and rundown look of the city, lack of things to do and lack of sights to see. Costa del Sol and Costa del
Salford also sound similar.
2412:
1014:"Shipbuilding capital of the world" โ another reference to the Victorian period in which the Clydeside shipyards were one of the foremost builders in the world.
3988:
3562:
2064:
1203:
88:
5371:
5186:
3955:
3148:
1725:"Costa del Salford" โ another ironic nickname used in good humour to mock how unpleasant Salford's weather is, and how much of a holiday resort it would
60:
4850:
5103:
3225:
3464:
67:
3200:
3123:
4935:
Nicknames of Places: Origins and
Meanings of the Alternate and Secondary Names, Sobriquets, Titles, Epithets and Slogans for 4600 Places Worldwide
2701:
1112:
3644:
1790:
1780:
687:
2726:
1843:
the area that was to become the city is referred to as "the Five Towns"; Bennett felt that the name was more euphonious than "the Six Towns" so
3496:
142:
and towns in the United
Kingdom are known by (or have been known by historically), officially and unofficially, to locals, outsiders or their
74:
5863:
5684:
4349:
3589:
2996:
2929:
4515:
4128:
2271:
4669:
1285:
Manchester earned the nickname "Cottonopolis" in the 19th century due to its large number of cotton mills, as shown in this 1857 painting
788:"Britain's Detroit" โ arising from its one-time status as the centre of UK car manufacturing; an appellation dating back to at least 1916.
3970:
56:
3315:
746:
5455:
3285:
2671:
5853:
4973:
4948:
4081:
2944:
4499:
4010:
3446:
3251:
3025:
2024:
2014:
582:
479:
107:
5254:
4292:
4205:
900:
676:"City of perspiring dreams" โ by contrast with Oxford's nickname, "the city of dreaming spires". Coined by author and screenwriter
3097:
4759:
1306:
2554:
Hussain, Yasmin; Paul
Bagguley (1 July 2005). "Citizenship, ethnicity and identity: British Pakistanis after the 2001 'Riots'".
5831:
3843:
3695:
370:
5348:
4248:
4100:
819:
4537:
3536:
2906:
2874:
45:
301:
5786:
4150:
3617:
1722:"Sunny Salford" โ alliterative nickname and sarcastic remark referring to the city's near-constant grey and sunless skies.
1481:"Black and Ambers" โ the traditional colours of the city, based on its steelworks history, and the name of its rugby team
1332:
1281:
935:
799:
659:
81:
5522:
3758:
3356:
2745:
2502:
2476:
5560:
2608:
2464:
547:"Curry Capital of Britain" or simply "Curry Capital" โ a title gained by the city's rich history with curry. It won the
5158:
5031:
3669:
2241:
2189:
4906:
4625:
2528:
2453:
1702:
1672:
5488:
2087:
3985:
3818:
1632:"Guzz" โ naval term, from a south Asian word for a measurement (yard โ dockyard โ homeport โ Devonport โ Plymouth).
791:"City of Peace and Reconciliation" โ branding adopted from 2008 onwards, as part of the City of Sanctuary movement.
413:
5117:
3773:
2111:. Papurau Newydd Cymru Arlein (Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru) โ Welsh Newspapers Online (National Library of Wales)
2061:
1803:'Sheffield by the Sea', on account of people from said city visiting the seaside resort during the Summer months.
2815:
2215:
1678:
1626:
2848:
533:
336:
309:
4776:
2633:
Baxendale, John (Spring 2001). "'I Had Seen a Lot of
Englands': J. B. Priestley, Englishness and the People".
5787:"The unlikely little Yorkshire city which used to attract coachloads of partygoers from all over the country"
2771:
4858:
1478:
which have been historically vital for the city and the region, and its football team who adopt the moniker.
1261:
1165:"Centre of England" due to the geographical centre of England being in a field just to the West of the city.
437:"Linenopolis" โ a now largely defunct Victorian title given the city when it led the World's linen industry.
34:
4270:
5132:
2659:
But it is
Bruddersford, obviously Priestley's Bradford, where the most vivid and successful scenes are set
1605:
3432:
3419:
2773:
Worstedopolis: A Sketch
History of the Town and Trade of Bradford, the Metropolis of the Worsted Industry
1783:" (or Socialist Republic of...) โ reference to the left wing politics of the city from the 1980s onwards.
4114:
3501:
3204:
3070:
2902:
2590:
1956:
1844:
1619:
1461:
1457:
1270:"The London Laundromat" due to the role of its financial service companies in enabling financial crimes.
1162:"King of the Midlands" from the time when Leicester was reputed to be the second richest city in Europe.
1117:
742:
682:
346:
City" โ the most well-known, due to the copious use of local grey granite in the city's older buildings.
5214:
4366:
4206:"Second capital of Ireland: Liverpool's unique Irish history and culture and what it means to the city"
3711:
2379:
2324:
1320:" โ coined from the region's commercial TV operator, Granada Television, which is based in the city at
5390:
3911:
697:" โ often applied to Cambridge and the immediately surrounding region, because of the large number of
4068:
2731:
1506:
491:
349:"Oil Capital of Europe" โ there are numerous variants on this, such as "Oil Capital of Scotland" etc.
147:
4800:
4227:
5008:
4489:
2398:
1882:
1447:
1246:
England. Cobbett saw the rapidly growing city as a pathological swelling on the face of the nation.
962:
882:
738:
496:"The Pen Shop of the World" โ Historical, in reference to Birmingham's huge pen trade in the 1800s.
4688:
4456:
4430:
3885:
3393:
Kaczka-Valliere, Jeanne; Rigby, Andrew (2008). "Coventry-Memorializing Peace and Reconciliation".
2349:
1302:" โ originated in the 19th century, in reference to the predominance of the cotton industry there.
5752:
5662:
5416:
5255:"Pompey, Chats and Guz Origins of the Naval Town nicknames for Portsmouth, Chatham and Devonport"
5062:"'Up the 'Port': Good luck messages sent to County players and fans ahead of Middlesbrough match"
4485:
2650:
2571:
2307:
2036:
1967:
1513:
1399:
1317:
1249:"The Smoke" / "The Big Smoke" / "The Old Smoke" โ air pollution in London regularly gave rise to
1093:
795:
663:
5284:
4813:
4603:
4037:
3938:
1550:
An aerial view of Oxford city centre, showing some of the spires that give the city its nickname
5772:
4940:
4933:
4455:
Thomas, Daniel; Hughes, Laura; Hammond, George; Morris, Stephen; Beioley, Kate (4 March 2022).
1962:"Wenta" โ shortened version of the city's original name back when first established, Caerwenta.
1425:"Bradford-on-Sea" โ because of the numbers of people from Bradford who holidayed at the resort.
654:
434:
excepted) remained rural and agricultural, Belfast became the island's primary industrial city.
5680:
5576:
5496:
5463:
4969:
4944:
4647:
4495:
4345:
3247:
3021:
2992:
2925:
2823:
2431:
1973:
590:
498:
483:
5679:(2nd Revised ed.). Royal Commission on the Ancient & Historical Monuments of Wales.
4563:
5262:
4717:
3402:
2796:
2679:
2642:
2563:
1773:" โ reference to the dominant industry in Sheffield in the nineteenth and twentieth century.
1310:
734:
677:
487:
5727:
5595:
3873:
1224:
for the UK's financial services industry, traditionally concentrated in the City of London.
339:, "far aboots?" ("Whereabouts?"), as in "Far aboots ye frae?" ("Whereabouts are you from?")
5835:
5700:
4763:
4335:
4183:
4155:
4086:
3992:
3795:
3469:
2367:
2104:
2091:
2068:
1907:
1664:
1594:
1363:
1321:
1239:
989:
854:" โ referring to a normal form of presenting the two names of the city โ Derry/Londonderry
541:
455:
2961:
1220:"The Square Mile" โ reference to the area of the City. Both these terms are also used as
5240:
5104:"Pronunciation - the mysterious, unenunciated "w" in the "-wich" of English place names"
4989:
4411:
3267:
2159:
805:"Motor City" โ as with "Britain's Detroit", an allusion to the city's motorcar industry.
5546:
4744:
4481:
4101:"From Lichfield to Lich Vegas: MP claims new scheme will make his city the place to be"
1886:
1840:
1834:
1708:
1561:
1535:"City of Caves" due to Nottingham's abundance of catacombs and extensive cave networks.
1469:
1372:
1212:
1019:
946:
702:
379:
4756:
3743:
1776:"Sheff" - Abbreviation of Sheffield, typically used by residents of neighboring towns.
1756:"Sunny Scunny" โ ironically called due to the town's reputation for miserable weather.
1207:
London's smogs inspired its nickname "The Smoke", as well as this work by Claude Monet
847:"The Maiden City" โ name allegedly attaches since the city's walls were never breached
5847:
5163:
3406:
3014:
2575:
1981:
1851:
1475:
1405:
1393:
1367:
1351:
1331:" โ name attached to the city by media in the 1990s because of the high incidence of
1324:, it was also used as a moniker for Manchester itself, especially in the media world.
1235:
1121:
1036:
1008:
1001:
968:
909:
875:
730:
564:"Wool City" โ same reason as above, as it was the former "Wool Capital of the World".
5828:
3514:
1693:
1625:"Spirit of Discovery" โ local council backed tag for the city, which relates to the
1546:
1411:"The Steel River" โ not a specific nickname for Middlesbrough itself but rather the
971:, and that due to the area's low-lying topography, it can be seen from miles around.
502:
The Wool Exchange, Bradford, reflecting the importance of the wool trade to the city
426:"Old Smoke" โ reference to the observation that in the Victorian era, while much of
5200:
4818:
4722:
3594:
3465:"Soapbox, Rachel Fernie: If you don't like living in Derbados, why not just leave?"
2006:
1712:
1600:
1299:
1250:
1046:
710:
578:
574:" or "Film City" โ a title bestowed upon the city in 2009 when it became the first
571:
461:"City of a Thousand Trades" โ with reference to the city's former industrial might.
4541:
3819:"Hebden Bridge Is Famously A Safe Home For Gay Men, Women And Allies โ Here's Why"
2134:
5314:
5004:"Morecambe: The holiday hotspot that drew many from factories, mills and schools"
3241:
4339:
3474:
3152:
2293:
1955:"The City of Kings and Priests" โ reputation as the historic capital founded by
1814:
1648:
1529:"Shottingham" in relation to the cities higher than average levels of gun crime.
1496:
1482:
1430:
1347:
1346:
in the city in the late 1980s and early 1990s; and which has been attributed to
1088:"The Auld Grey Town" due to the use of grey Cumbrian limestone in its buildings.
851:
694:
407:
389:
385:
23:
5611:
5441:
4585:
2242:"OIL & GAS SITUATION REPORT : UKCS and North East Scotland (Mid 1999)"
5746:
1996:
1950:
1897:
1824:
1770:
1751:
1716:
1658:
1642:
1586:
1521:
1495:"The Capital of East Anglia" - Norwich is the traditional regional capital of
1412:
1343:
1339:
1328:
1293:
1254:
886:
764:
754:
445:
354:
5500:
5467:
3790:
3645:"Where tourists seldom tread, part 10: four more towns with hidden histories"
2827:
2800:
2787:
Jowitt, Tony (1989). "A Town Built on Cloth: The Making of 'Worstedopolis'".
2646:
2567:
1564:
in reference to the harmonious architecture of Oxford's university buildings.
475:"Workshop of the world" โ also a reference to the city's industrial heritage.
458:" can refer both to the people of the area, and the local dialect and accent.
5559:
Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons, Westminster.
5039:
4880:
4832:
2245:
2193:
1924:
1885:" โ dates from Victorian times after people compared the Torbay area to the
1764:
1744:
1740:
1734:
1420:
1180:
1170:
1154:
1063:
1004:" โ based on a post-World War I reputation as a centre of left-wing activity
994:
939:
929:
919:
859:
698:
671:
509:
451:
131:
127:
5650:
5133:"From green belt to rust belt: how the Queen of the Midlands was throttled"
4392:
3447:"It was once Britain's motor city. Now Coventry's wheels are turning again"
3286:"How the West Midlands became the driving force behind an urban revolution"
1864:"Copperopolis" โ due to the city's past as a centre of the copper industry.
628:"Bristle" or "Brizzle" โ an unusual feature of the Bristol dialect, is the
4179:"Long-standing love affair: Irish eyes riveted on Liverpool's title quest"
3381:
3174:
2924:. Pevsner Architectural Guides. London: Yale University Press. p. 3.
616:"Hove actually" โ imagined response distinguishing the area from Brighton.
5489:"Seven ways you told us you were from Scunthorpe without actually saying"
4693:
2084:
1797:
1613:
1582:
1221:
777:
706:
595:
519:
397:
327:
317:
5075:
957:
and wood fires, chimneys would spew thick columns of smoke into the air.
4293:"Scouseland or Scotland? Things we wouldn't mind taking from the Scots"
2654:
1876:
1859:
1576:
1490:
1453:
1415:
owing to the areas expansive steel industry on both sides of the river.
983:
721:
623:
427:
421:
374:
Architecturally unredeemed shops in Basingstoke town-centre, circa 2009
343:
305:
143:
4457:"The 'London laundromat': will Britain wean itself off Russian money?"
3590:"Stuart Macfarlane: Coming up with a deal to save Scotland's heritage"
2219:
1819:"Soton" โ from the shortening of Southampton to So'ton on road signage
551:(which ran from 2001 to 2016) a record seven times. It also hosts the
482:" โ used by many traders, politicians, and is the popular name of the
412:"Basingrad" โ reference to a perceived resemblance of the town to the
1940:
1555:
1510:
1229:
1083:
869:
575:
558:
469:
465:
431:
135:
904:
The National Gallery of Scotland, an 1859 neo-classical construction
3563:"Made In Doncaster: The pies the limit for upper crust town bakery"
2702:"Bradford crowned Curry Capital of Britain for sixth year in a row"
1398:"Boro" โ shortening of "borough", originally used to refer just to
1379:"Rainy City" โ Manchester is often perceived to have rainy weather.
997:
Scots, originally from Ireland, in the sixth and seventh centuries.
524:"Bratford" โ the way "Bradford" is pronounced by some Bradfordians.
5677:
Copperopolis: Landscapes of the Early Industrial Period in Swansea
4015:
1692:
1545:
1280:
1243:
1202:
1132:
1111:
899:
842:
832:
824:
818:
653:
528:
497:
468:, Italy, in southern Europe, due to both having a large number of
369:
300:
155:
3316:"Look: When Coventry was transformed into Britain's 'Motor City'"
561:
industry in the city, in the style of Manchester's "Cottonopolis"
5637:
4966:
Labour Markets and Identity on the Post-Industrial Assembly Line
4063:
Hollands, Robert; Chatterton, Paul; Brynes, Bernie; Read, Cait.
3343:
Leisure, Citizenship and Working-class Men in Britain, 1850โ1945
2270:. MEN Media โ Accrington Observer. 21 April 2011. Archived from
954:
889:โ which was constructed in the city, and returned there in 1986.
611:
139:
5829:
Worcester Cathedral during the English Civil War โ 1642 to 1651
4766:, in Music Capital โ History of Manchester Pop in four chapters
1502:"Norridge" - the way "Norwich" is pronounced by many Norvicans.
5442:"History of Salisbury in Wiltshire | Map and description"
5218:
1647:"Ponte Carlo" โ ironically alluding to the dissimilarity with
1116:
The construction of inner-city motorways in Leeds such as the
914:"Polo Mint City" - referring to its estimated 600 roundabouts.
312:, to the extent that it has become known as "The Granite City"
17:
4907:"5 reasons why Manchester is definitely the UK's second city"
3309:
3307:
3057:
Perspiring dreams: Cambridge students' alternative prospectus
1629:, who departed from Plymouth for America in the 17th century.
1456:
dialect meaning the Town (i.e. Newcastle) and hence the name
1185:"The Second Capital of Ireland" or "Ireland's Second Capital"
967:"The Ship of The Fens" โ referring to the size of the city's
164:
5372:"Salford tries to shake off its image of a 'dirty old town'"
5187:"Rick Stein defends impact of his seafood empire on Padstow"
4249:"How Liverpool became known as 'the capital of North Wales'"
3712:"Auld Reekie is the most miserable place to live in Britain"
2020:
List of adjectival and demonymic forms of place names#Cities
701:
businesses in the area. The name alludes to similarities to
392:, still used sometimes in modern day as an alternative name.
5523:"Why Scunthorpe is not the least romantic place in Britain"
5456:"Sunny Scunny was the joint-warmest place in England today"
2394:"Quiz: Birmingham or Venice โ can you tell the difference?"
2294:"Bath | England, Map, & History | Britannica"
1892:"Torbados" โ mockingly used to compare Torquay to Barbados.
5561:"House of Commons Hansard Debates for 19 May 1997 (pt 17)"
5090:"Norwich | England, United Kingdom | Britannica"
3279:
3277:
2062:"Wisconsin Community Slogans: Their Use and Local Impacts"
759:"Chi" โ shortened version of Chichester, pronounced 'Chy'.
729:"City of Arcades" โ city has the highest concentration of
5547:
Steel City: an Archaeology of Sheffield's Industrial Past
4939:. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co. p.
4431:"Londongrad will stand so long as enforcement stays weak"
4604:"Manchester, UK: The new 'cool' capital north of London"
2427:"No love lost between Firm friends in Second City derby"
1098:"Hull" โ very commonly used shortening of the full name.
3844:"Hundreds take part in protest to save Hudds A & E"
1839:"The Five Towns" or "The Six Towns" โ in the novels of
4718:"'Gunchester' fears after tit-for-tat gangland murder"
3869:
3867:
3865:
1560:"The City of Dreaming Spires" โ a term coined by poet
1359:"Manny" - slang for Manchester used by non Mancunians.
454:", a local form of the city's name. The derived term "
3345:. Manchester: Manchester University Press. p. 2.
2413:
The Workshop of the World โ An Outlook for Birmingham
1959:, as well as being an important religious foundation.
567:"Worstedopolis" โ as above, but more frequently used.
4990:"England's North East โ Middlesbrough and surrounds"
4540:. The University of Manchester. 2003. Archived from
3618:"7 reasons to visit Dundee before the V&A opens"
1101:"Hull on Earth" โ pun on the phrase "Hell on Earth".
988:"Dear Green Place" โ from one interpretation of the
464:"Venice of the North" โ a name likening the city to
5241:"How Plymouth Command Got its Two Proverbial Names"
4065:
Youth Cultures, Urban Change and Nightlife in Leeds
3569:. Doncaster: Johnston Publishing Ltd. 26 March 2016
48:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
4932:
4129:"12 reasons Liverpool is Ireland's second capital"
3013:
1404:"Ironopolis" โ from the city's former role in the
1257:of 1952, and a nickname that persists to this day.
2945:"Brighton's come a long way from Skid Row-on-Sea"
1362:"Manchesterford" โ portmanteau of Manchester and
686:. "Perspiring Dreams" was later the title of the
662:to the left, and the remains of the 14th Century
3971:"Leeds astrological chart: Capital of the north?
3149:"Arcades were Victorian version of St David's 2"
1509:as of 2014, after being awarded England's first
1238:" โ disparaging nickname coined in the 1820s by
705:in California, and the city's location close to
335:"Furryboots City" โ a humorous rendering of the
3670:"We don't want a return to 'Beastly Eastleigh'"
1007:"Second City of the Empire" โ reference to the
5726:Visit South Devon Community Interest Company.
837:"Derbados" โ portmanteau of Derby and Barbados
557:"Woolopolis" โ reference to the Victorian era
308:is one of the principal materials used in the
57:"List of city nicknames in the United Kingdom"
4648:"Capital of the North: A guide to Manchester"
3071:"The Cambridge cluster: University challenge"
1929:"The Merry City" โ dates from medieval times.
8:
5612:"Sheffield โ 'the largest village in England
5581:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
4491:The Routledge Dictionary of Historical Slang
4344:. Vol. 1. Cosimo Classics. p. 43.
3956:"Leeds is the North Unofficial Capital City"
1677:"Proud Preston" โ this nickname was said by
1051:"Hudds" โ shortened version of Huddersfield.
874:"City of Discovery" โ name referring to the
124:list of city nicknames in the United Kingdom
4689:"North West: Trying to banish 'Gunchester'"
4516:"Manchester 'the north's dynamite capital'"
4228:"Is Liverpool still the world in one city?"
3791:"Why is Hebden Bridge the lesbian capital?"
3624:. Glasgow: Media Scotland Ltd. 5 March 2016
2920:Antram, Nicholas; Morrice, Richard (2008).
2135:"A burst of energy in Europe's oil capital"
2056:
2054:
2052:
5596:The rise and fall of socialism in one city
3874:Did You Know? โ Nicknames of Scottish Town
3497:"New twist in Maiden City name change row"
3124:"Revitalised Cardiff sheds rust belt past"
2319:
2317:
2079:
2077:
1854:" โ after the city's former main industry.
1242:, the radical pamphleteer and champion of
953:) โ because when buildings were heated by
794:"City of three spires" โ referring to the
5118:"Introducing Norwich the City of Stories"
4857:. Manchester City Council. Archived from
4670:"Manchester on TV: Ghosts of Winter Hill"
4626:"Is Manchester the Capital of the North?"
4315:
4313:
2816:"Bradford wins Unesco City of Film award"
2591:"The mosques aren't working in Bradistan"
1024:"Yarco" โ simple contraction of the name.
864:"Donny" โ shortened version of Doncaster.
544:for his fictional portrayals of Bradford.
108:Learn how and when to remove this message
5775:Wakefield Family History Sharing website
3537:"10 things that prove you're from Donny"
2071:, December 1993, accessed 10 April 2007.
359:"Accy" โ simple contraction of the name.
5521:Nicholson, Rebecca (10 February 2013).
3246:(10 ed.). CRC Press. p. 233.
2890:Songs of society, from Anne to Victoria
2128:
2126:
2048:
1972:"The Faithful City" โ reference to the
1370:'s 1980s series of sketches on BBC TV,
1267:"Moscow on Thames" for the same reason.
827:, giving rise to the name "Maiden City"
486:between the city's two football clubs,
5859:United Kingdom geography-related lists
5651:Arnold Bennett โ Son of Stoke-on-Trent
5574:
5347:. Preston City Council. Archived from
4391:Pizzichini, Lilian (9 December 2002).
4365:Glancey, Jonathan (30 November 2002).
3939:"Hull on earth as Murphy mauls Tigers"
3240:Stahl, Dean A.; Landen, Karen (2001).
3020:. New York : St. Martin's Press.
2727:"Sir Mark hails our musical tradition"
2503:"By 'eck! Bratford-speak is dyin' out"
2477:"'Appen tha'll be from Bratford then!"
1356:"Manche" - abbreviation of Manchester.
158:" themselves by adopting new slogans.
5755:from the original on 21 December 2021
2039:โ nickname list articles on Knowledge
1932:"Shakey Wakey" due to its liveliness.
1789:"Blunkettgrad" - in reference to the
1505:"The City of Stories" โ rebranded by
658:Two of the three spires of Coventry:
7:
5289:A History of the County of Lancaster
5261:. Royal Naval Museum. Archived from
3789:Robehmed, Sophie (9 February 2012).
3598:. Edinburgh: Johnston Publishing Ltd
3588:Macfarlane, Stuart (21 March 2016).
3543:. Doncaster: Johnston Publishing Ltd
2216:"Granite City Wanderers Hockey Club"
2109:The Aberdare Leader. 4 November 1916
2094:, MU.DOT magazine, 10 September 2007
1791:People's Republic of South Yorkshire
1781:People's Republic of South Yorkshire
1715:about the city, and made popular by
1309:is the largest metropolitan area in
823:Part of the never-breached Walls of
688:Cambridge University Students' Union
416:of similarly suffixed Soviet cities.
46:adding citations to reliable sources
5701:"Plans to celebrate 'Copperopolis'"
5185:Savill, Richard (14 October 2008).
4716:Wainwright, Martin (20 July 2007).
4429:Rutter Pooley, Cat (1 March 2022).
4367:"London's grime hard to scrub away"
4151:"Welcome to my place ... Liverpool"
4011:"Life as a goth in 1980s Yorkshire"
3744:"No Mean City : 1914 to 1950s"
3515:Images Of Ireland โ The Maiden City
3314:Probert, Sarah (25 February 2014).
3284:Probert, Sarah (14 February 2014).
3268:"Chippenham (Chip' numb) is a dump"
2849:"Bradford, City of Film... Really?"
2814:Wainwright, Martin (11 June 2009).
1585:" โ in reference to celebrity chef
1366:, began as a fictional setting for
747:List of shopping arcades in Cardiff
5810:The Pitkin City Guides, Winchester
5370:Beard, Matthew (24 October 2005),
5315:"'Proud Preston' wins city status"
5159:"Oxford โ city of dreaming spires"
5131:Jenkins, Simon (20 October 2006).
4687:Randell, Tom (15 September 2006).
4586:"What is the Northern Powerhouse?"
4564:"Northern Soul Club UK Life Guide"
4271:"It's official โ Liverpool rocks!"
4038:"City is 'Knightsbridge of North'"
2987:Stoke, Harry; Vinny Green (2003).
2589:Shackle, Samira (20 August 2010).
2162:Regional accents: Your experiences
2133:Arnold, James (12 November 2003).
1599:"The Fair City" โ in reference to
14:
5785:Himelfield, Dave (10 July 2023).
5389:Triathlon, World (27 July 2006).
5076:"About Newport RFC โ NEWPORT RFC"
4757:Music Capital City โ Introduction
4410:Wills, Matthew (24 August 2015).
3937:Biggs, Alan (14 September 1999).
3535:Burke, Darren (5 November 2015).
3445:Ruddick, Graham (23 April 2016).
3059:. Cambridge Students Union. 1979.
2614:. Bradford City Centre Management
2392:Smith, Oliver (4 February 2016).
2382:, BBC News website, 14 August 200
2105:"From Somewhere in the North Sea"
2085:Branding the Generic City :)
2025:Second city of the United Kingdom
2015:City status in the United Kingdom
1262:popularity with Russian oligarchs
1124:in the 1970s led to its nickname
782:"Cov" - abbreviation of Coventry.
583:National Science and Media Museum
5415:Mirror.co.uk (4 November 2005).
4851:"Manchester and the City Centre"
4777:"'Sound' Mancunian words wanted"
4412:"Old Smoke: London's Famous Fog"
4322:Dictionary of London Place Names
3525:, BBC Radio 4, Routes of English
3407:10.1111/j.1468-0130.2008.00519.x
3201:"Cardiff is the City of Arcades"
2746:"The rise and fall of Wool City"
2380:Chiefs admit Brum skyline mix-up
1999:
1986:"Wolvo" โ Referred to by locals.
1307:Greater Manchester Built-up Area
1149:"Motorway City of the Seventies"
540:"Bruddersford" โ name coined by
22:
5600:International Socialism Journal
4009:Dawson, James (11 April 2016).
3918:. Encyclopรฆdia Britannica. 2010
3817:Pert, Sean (28 February 2019).
3453:. London: Guardian Media Group.
3203:. Visit Cardiff. Archived from
3096:Robert Liebman (2 April 2003).
3043:A literary history of Cambridge
2678:. 6 August 2014. Archived from
2425:Tongue, Steve (25 April 2010).
1743:" - Alternative name linked to
1041:"The lesbian capital of the UK"
713:which relates to manufacturing.
33:needs additional citations for
5838:โ Worcester Cathedral Website.
5675:Hughes, Stephen (April 2005).
5391:"Sunny Salford hosts round 10"
4905:Lewis, Stephen (27 May 2015).
3986:"Leeds: the facts and figures"
3916:Encyclopรฆdia Britannica Online
3228:A world behind the shop fronts
3175:"Morgan Quarter โ Our History"
2960:Weaver, Paul (3 August 1999).
2776:. Bradford: W. Byles and Sons.
1071:"Inversnecky" and "The 'Sneck"
603:"The Queen of Watering Places"
1:
5215:"A new life in the New World"
4291:Graves, Steve (14 May 2015).
3999:(regional development agency)
3886:"Kendal - The Auld Grey Town"
3433:A Typical English Churchyard?
3361:Coventry City Council website
2350:Rick Steve's Europe โ Belfast
2310:. Barnsley. 26 November 2015.
1474:"The Port" โ named after the
1333:gun crime in south Manchester
1305:"Capital of the North" โ the
5864:Cities in the United Kingdom
5563:. Publications.parliament.uk
4518:. England's North West. 2007
3643:Moss, Chris (16 July 2024).
3382:City of Sanctuary โ Coventry
2991:. Bristol: Broadcast Books.
2609:"Bradford's Sculpture Trail"
2507:Bradford Telegraph and Argus
2481:Bradford Telegraph and Argus
1618:"Ocean City" โ rebranded by
1342:" โ the name arising from a
1191:"The Capital of North Wales"
1143:"Knightsbridge of the North"
1011:industrial past of the city.
885:in his attempt to reach the
802:; and Christ Church's spire.
709:. In contrast to Scotland's
450:"Brum" โ shortened form of "
5653:, The Potteries.org website
4745:Sounds of 1989 โ Madchester
3541:Thorne and District Gazette
3045:. CUP Archive. p. 277.
1667:is also nicknamed "Pompey".
1287:Manchester from Kersal Moor
881:, the sailing ship used by
640:sound is appended to words.
5880:
5745:noddleit (11 April 2010),
5618:โ sheffield.org.uk website
5259:Royal Naval Museum website
5032:"Geordie Slang Dictionary"
4494:. Routledge. p. 214.
4082:"London: Roads to nowhere"
3435:, BuildingConservation.com
3422:from Camelot International
2770:Cudworth, William (1888).
1194:"The World Capital of Pop"
1126:motorway city of the 1970s
1068:"Capital of the Highlands"
745:in any British city โ see
414:Stalinist-era architecture
332:"Energy Capital of Europe"
5854:City nicknames by country
5665:, Encyclopรฆdia Britannica
5549:, University of Sheffield
4833:"Guy Garvey's Rainy City"
3012:Frederic Raphael (1976).
2887:William Davenport Adams,
2370:, Birmingham City Council
2366:27 September 2012 at the
2325:"What's in a place name?"
5627:Naldrett (2016), p. 126.
4814:"Little shop of horrors"
3991:16 February 2009 at the
3700:British History in-depth
3243:Abbreviations Dictionary
2962:"The light young things"
2801:10.1179/cos.1989.23.1.86
2676:Curry Capital of Britain
2635:History Workshop Journal
2568:10.1177/0038038505052493
2415:, Barclays Capital, 2011
2361:Birmingham or Brummagem?
2308:"The light young things"
1809:"Skegvegas, SkeggyVegas"
1260:"Londongrad" due to its
549:Curry Capital of Britain
310:architecture of Aberdeen
5819:Winchester A Miscellany
5285:"The parish of Preston"
4964:Lloyd, Anthony (2013).
4885:Michael Symmons Roberts
4566:. British Council. 2003
3696:"The Rise of Edinburgh"
3363:. Coventry City Council
3041:Graham Chainey (1995).
2989:A Dictionary of Bristle
2529:"city slicker Bradford"
2454:Pen Trade of Birmingham
1945:"The Bath of the North"
1935:"Wakey" - abbreviation.
1697:Tower blocks in Salford
1526:"Queen of the Midlands"
1188:"The World in One City"
690:alternative prospectus.
664:St. Michael's Cathedral
388:" - Latin name for the
5201:"Britain's Ocean City"
4968:. Ashgate Publishing.
4803:, BBCShops.com website
3890:Cumbria Tourist Guides
3179:Morgan Quarter website
2876:Frommer's England 2011
2647:10.1093/hwj/2001.51.87
2465:Bracknell #1 Chav Town
2268:"Accy's Easter Rising"
1698:
1606:The Fair Maid of Perth
1551:
1460:for supporters of the
1289:
1208:
1137:"Capital of the North"
1128:
938:, was modelled on the
905:
828:
667:
503:
375:
313:
284:
279:
274:
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
189:
184:
179:
174:
5728:"The English Riviera"
4855:spinningtheweb.org.uk
4628:. Insider Media. 2016
4320:Mills, A. D. (2001).
3567:South Yorkshire Times
3502:The Belfast Telegraph
3341:Beaven, Brad (2005).
3098:"Hot Spot: Cambridge"
3016:The Glittering Prizes
2732:Telegraph & Argus
1957:King Alfred the Great
1696:
1620:Plymouth City Council
1589:'s impact on the town
1549:
1284:
1206:
1146:"London of the North"
1115:
903:
822:
683:The Glittering Prizes
657:
553:World Curry Festival.
527:"Bradistan" โ suffix
501:
373:
304:
5834:12 July 2012 at the
5462:. 21 February 2019.
5351:on 28 September 2011
4931:Adrian Room (2006).
4861:on 28 September 2011
4801:Acorn Antiques (DVD)
4755:Jonathan Schofield,
4606:. Traveller.au. 2016
4115:"King of Lich Vegas"
4069:Newcastle University
3912:"Kingston upon Hull"
3774:"Victorian Scotland"
3728:"Deadly Green Place"
3357:"Coventry's history"
2160:"BBC Have Your Say:
2067:9 March 2013 at the
1711:" โ song written by
1507:Norwich City Council
148:chambers of commerce
42:improve this article
5417:"COSTA DEL SALFORD"
5265:on 20 December 2010
5042:on 22 February 2007
5009:Telegraph and Argus
4762:4 June 2016 at the
4486:Simpson, Jacqueline
3960:StreetDirectory.com
3759:"Victorian Glasgow"
3674:Southern Daily Echo
3505:, 24 September 2009
2735:, 20 September 2010
2399:The Daily Telegraph
2274:on 12 November 2012
2090:21 May 2008 at the
1883:The English Riviera
1462:local football club
1448:Newcastle upon Tyne
1253:, most notably the
1120:(pictured) and the
924:"Beastly Eastleigh"
883:Robert Falcon Scott
800:Holy Trinity Church
660:Holy Trinity Church
643:The British Seattle
600:"London-by-the-sea"
168:Contents:
5064:. 26 January 2019.
4676:. 30 October 2009.
4592:. 14 October 2015.
4544:on 27 October 2006
4538:"About Manchester"
4338:(November 2005) .
4103:. 7 December 2015.
4044:. BBC. 24 May 2005
3850:. 27 February 2016
3395:Peace & Change
3320:Coventry Telegraph
3270:. 10 October 2008.
3155:. 24 February 2009
3077:. 2 September 2010
2672:"Previous Winners"
2483:. 13 February 2004
2190:"The Granite City"
2037:Lists of nicknames
1699:
1552:
1514:City of Literature
1435:"The Honest Town".
1400:Middlesbrough F.C.
1290:
1209:
1129:
1094:Kingston upon Hull
906:
829:
668:
504:
376:
314:
5732:Visit South Devon
5686:978-1-871184-27-3
5495:. 10 April 2021.
5221:. 1 February 2008
4911:I Love Manchester
4839:, 14 October 2010
4822:, 7 February 2005
4351:978-1-59605-577-3
4177:O'Connor, Brian.
4149:McDermott, Paul.
4090:, 8 February 2011
3997:Yorkshire Forward
3892:. 6 December 2019
3748:The Glasgow Story
3676:. 9 February 2005
3226:The Free Library
2998:978-1-874092-65-0
2931:978-0-300-12661-7
2922:Brighton and Hove
2432:independent.co.uk
2331:. 20 October 2010
1974:English Civil War
936:National Monument
606:"Skid Row-on-Sea"
591:Brighton and Hove
118:
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5047:
5038:. Archived from
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4388:
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4379:
4377:
4362:
4356:
4355:
4336:Cobbett, William
4332:
4326:
4325:
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4308:
4307:
4305:
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4105:
4104:
4097:
4091:
4079:
4073:
4072:
4060:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4049:
4042:BBC News website
4034:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4023:
4006:
4000:
3983:
3977:
3968:
3962:
3953:
3947:
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3934:
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3808:
3807:
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3803:
3786:
3780:
3771:
3765:
3756:
3750:
3740:
3734:
3725:
3719:
3718:, 27 August 2008
3709:
3703:
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3272:
3271:
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3258:
3257:
3237:
3231:
3223:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3212:
3207:on 15 April 2016
3197:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3186:
3181:. Morgan Quarter
3171:
3165:
3164:
3162:
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3145:
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2978:
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2935:
2917:
2911:
2908:Talk of the Town
2900:
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2879:
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2839:
2838:
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2778:
2777:
2767:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2742:
2736:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2698:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2682:on 6 August 2014
2668:
2662:
2661:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2613:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2586:
2580:
2579:
2551:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2540:
2525:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2473:
2467:
2462:
2456:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2440:
2422:
2416:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2389:
2383:
2377:
2371:
2358:
2352:
2347:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2321:
2312:
2311:
2304:
2298:
2297:
2290:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2279:
2264:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2244:. Archived from
2238:
2232:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2218:. Archived from
2212:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2192:. Archived from
2186:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2170:. 16 August 2005
2156:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2130:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2101:
2095:
2081:
2072:
2058:
2009:
2004:
2003:
2002:
1601:Sir Walter Scott
1311:Northern England
741:indoor shopping
678:Frederic Raphael
169:
113:
106:
102:
99:
93:
91:
50:
26:
18:
5879:
5878:
5874:
5873:
5872:
5870:
5869:
5868:
5844:
5843:
5842:
5836:Wayback Machine
5827:
5823:
5818:
5814:
5809:
5805:
5795:
5793:
5784:
5783:
5779:
5773:Wakefield facts
5771:
5767:
5758:
5756:
5744:
5743:
5739:
5725:
5724:
5720:
5710:
5708:
5699:
5698:
5694:
5687:
5674:
5673:
5669:
5661:
5657:
5649:
5645:
5636:
5635:
5631:
5626:
5622:
5613:
5610:
5606:
5594:
5590:
5573:
5566:
5564:
5558:
5557:
5553:
5545:
5541:
5531:
5529:
5520:
5519:
5515:
5505:
5503:
5487:
5486:
5482:
5472:
5470:
5454:
5453:
5449:
5440:
5439:
5435:
5425:
5423:
5414:
5413:
5409:
5399:
5397:
5395:World Triathlon
5388:
5387:
5383:
5376:The Independent
5369:
5368:
5364:
5354:
5352:
5339:
5338:
5334:
5324:
5322:
5321:. 14 March 2002
5319:BBC News Online
5313:
5312:
5308:
5298:
5296:
5283:
5282:
5278:
5268:
5266:
5253:
5252:
5248:
5239:
5238:
5234:
5224:
5222:
5213:
5212:
5208:
5199:
5198:
5194:
5184:
5183:
5179:
5169:
5167:
5157:
5156:
5152:
5142:
5140:
5130:
5129:
5125:
5116:
5115:
5111:
5102:
5101:
5097:
5088:
5087:
5083:
5074:
5073:
5069:
5060:
5059:
5055:
5045:
5043:
5030:
5029:
5025:
5015:
5013:
5002:
5001:
4997:
4988:
4987:
4983:
4976:
4963:
4962:
4958:
4951:
4930:
4929:
4925:
4915:
4913:
4904:
4903:
4899:
4889:
4887:
4879:
4878:
4874:
4864:
4862:
4849:
4848:
4844:
4831:
4830:
4826:
4811:
4807:
4799:
4795:
4785:
4783:
4775:
4774:
4770:
4764:Wayback Machine
4754:
4750:
4743:
4739:
4729:
4727:
4715:
4714:
4710:
4700:
4698:
4686:
4685:
4681:
4668:
4667:
4663:
4653:
4651:
4646:
4645:
4641:
4631:
4629:
4624:
4623:
4619:
4609:
4607:
4602:
4601:
4597:
4584:
4583:
4579:
4569:
4567:
4562:
4561:
4557:
4547:
4545:
4536:
4535:
4531:
4521:
4519:
4514:
4513:
4509:
4502:
4482:Partridge, Eric
4480:
4479:
4475:
4465:
4463:
4461:Financial Times
4454:
4453:
4449:
4439:
4437:
4435:Financial Times
4428:
4427:
4423:
4409:
4408:
4404:
4393:"The big smoke"
4390:
4389:
4385:
4375:
4373:
4364:
4363:
4359:
4352:
4334:
4333:
4329:
4319:
4318:
4311:
4301:
4299:
4290:
4289:
4285:
4275:
4273:
4269:
4268:
4264:
4254:
4252:
4247:
4246:
4242:
4232:
4230:
4226:
4225:
4221:
4211:
4209:
4204:
4203:
4199:
4189:
4187:
4184:The Irish Times
4176:
4175:
4171:
4161:
4159:
4156:The Irish Times
4148:
4147:
4143:
4133:
4131:
4127:
4126:
4122:
4117:. 9 March 2010.
4113:
4112:
4108:
4099:
4098:
4094:
4087:The Independent
4080:
4076:
4062:
4061:
4057:
4047:
4045:
4036:
4035:
4031:
4021:
4019:
4008:
4007:
4003:
3993:Wayback Machine
3984:
3980:
3969:
3965:
3954:
3950:
3936:
3935:
3931:
3921:
3919:
3910:
3909:
3905:
3895:
3893:
3884:
3883:
3879:
3872:
3863:
3853:
3851:
3842:
3841:
3837:
3827:
3825:
3816:
3815:
3811:
3801:
3799:
3788:
3787:
3783:
3772:
3768:
3757:
3753:
3741:
3737:
3726:
3722:
3710:
3706:
3694:Stana Nenadic,
3693:
3689:
3679:
3677:
3668:
3667:
3663:
3653:
3651:
3642:
3641:
3637:
3627:
3625:
3616:
3615:
3611:
3601:
3599:
3587:
3586:
3582:
3572:
3570:
3561:
3560:
3556:
3546:
3544:
3534:
3533:
3529:
3524:
3520:
3513:
3509:
3494:
3490:
3480:
3478:
3470:Derby Telegraph
3463:
3462:
3458:
3444:
3443:
3439:
3430:
3426:
3418:
3414:
3392:
3391:
3387:
3380:
3376:
3366:
3364:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3340:
3339:
3335:
3325:
3323:
3313:
3312:
3305:
3295:
3293:
3290:Birmingham Post
3283:
3282:
3275:
3266:
3265:
3261:
3254:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3224:
3220:
3210:
3208:
3199:
3198:
3194:
3184:
3182:
3173:
3172:
3168:
3158:
3156:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3132:
3130:
3128:Chicago Tribune
3122:
3121:
3117:
3107:
3105:
3102:The Independent
3095:
3094:
3090:
3080:
3078:
3069:
3068:
3064:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3040:
3039:
3035:
3028:
3011:
3010:
3006:
2999:
2986:
2985:
2981:
2971:
2969:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2943:
2939:
2932:
2919:
2918:
2914:
2901:
2897:
2886:
2882:
2873:Darwin Porter,
2872:
2868:
2858:
2856:
2847:
2846:
2842:
2832:
2830:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2769:
2768:
2764:
2754:
2752:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2725:Jim Greenhalf,
2724:
2720:
2710:
2708:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2685:
2683:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2617:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2553:
2552:
2548:
2538:
2536:
2533:The Independent
2527:
2526:
2522:
2512:
2510:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2486:
2484:
2475:
2474:
2470:
2463:
2459:
2452:
2448:
2438:
2436:
2424:
2423:
2419:
2411:
2407:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2378:
2374:
2368:Wayback Machine
2359:
2355:
2348:
2344:
2334:
2332:
2329:Ordnance Survey
2323:
2322:
2315:
2306:
2305:
2301:
2292:
2291:
2287:
2277:
2275:
2266:
2265:
2261:
2251:
2249:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2225:
2223:
2222:on 5 April 2007
2214:
2213:
2209:
2199:
2197:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2173:
2171:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2143:
2141:
2132:
2131:
2124:
2114:
2112:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2092:Wayback Machine
2083:Alfredo Andia,
2082:
2075:
2069:Wayback Machine
2059:
2050:
2046:
2005:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1921:
1873:
1691:
1635:Coventry-on-Sea
1627:Pilgrim Fathers
1573:
1544:
1452:"(The) Toon" โ
1444:
1322:Granada Studios
1279:
1240:William Cobbett
1118:Inner Ring Road
1110:
1080:
1060:
1033:
990:Scottish Gaelic
980:
945:"Auld Reekie" (
898:
817:
769:โChips and Hamโ
652:
636:), in which an
542:J. B. Priestley
492:Birmingham City
368:
299:
294:
293:
292:
291:
170:
167:
114:
103:
97:
94:
51:
49:
39:
27:
12:
11:
5:
5877:
5875:
5867:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5846:
5845:
5841:
5840:
5821:
5812:
5803:
5791:Yorkshire Live
5777:
5765:
5737:
5718:
5707:. 8 March 2010
5692:
5685:
5667:
5655:
5643:
5629:
5620:
5604:
5588:
5551:
5539:
5513:
5480:
5447:
5433:
5407:
5381:
5362:
5345:preston.gov.uk
5332:
5306:
5276:
5246:
5232:
5206:
5192:
5177:
5150:
5123:
5109:
5095:
5081:
5067:
5053:
5036:Geordies.co.uk
5023:
5012:. 29 July 2015
4995:
4981:
4975:978-1472402325
4974:
4956:
4950:978-0786424979
4949:
4923:
4897:
4872:
4842:
4824:
4812:Rupert Smith,
4805:
4793:
4768:
4748:
4737:
4708:
4679:
4661:
4639:
4617:
4595:
4577:
4555:
4529:
4507:
4500:
4473:
4447:
4421:
4402:
4383:
4357:
4350:
4327:
4309:
4297:Liverpool Echo
4283:
4262:
4240:
4219:
4208:. 25 July 2021
4197:
4169:
4141:
4120:
4106:
4092:
4074:
4055:
4029:
4001:
3978:
3963:
3948:
3929:
3903:
3877:
3861:
3835:
3809:
3781:
3766:
3751:
3742:Iain Maclean,
3735:
3720:
3704:
3687:
3661:
3635:
3609:
3580:
3554:
3527:
3518:
3507:
3488:
3477:. 1 April 2014
3456:
3437:
3424:
3412:
3401:(4): 582โ599.
3385:
3374:
3348:
3333:
3303:
3273:
3259:
3252:
3232:
3218:
3192:
3166:
3140:
3115:
3088:
3062:
3048:
3033:
3026:
3004:
2997:
2979:
2952:
2937:
2930:
2912:
2895:
2880:
2866:
2855:. 22 June 2009
2840:
2806:
2779:
2762:
2750:Yorkshire Post
2737:
2718:
2693:
2663:
2625:
2600:
2581:
2562:(3): 407โ425.
2546:
2520:
2509:. 5 April 2004
2494:
2468:
2457:
2446:
2417:
2405:
2384:
2372:
2353:
2342:
2313:
2299:
2285:
2259:
2248:on 21 May 2007
2233:
2207:
2181:
2151:
2122:
2096:
2073:
2060:Muench, David
2047:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2028:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2011:
2010:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1987:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1960:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1920:
1917:
1916:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1895:
1894:
1893:
1890:
1887:French Riviera
1872:
1869:
1868:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1857:
1856:
1855:
1848:
1841:Arnold Bennett
1835:Stoke-on-Trent
1832:
1831:
1830:
1822:
1821:
1820:
1812:
1811:
1810:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1794:
1793:
1787:
1784:
1777:
1774:
1762:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1723:
1720:
1709:Dirty Old Town
1690:
1687:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1683:
1670:
1669:
1668:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1651:
1639:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1623:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1592:
1591:
1590:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1562:Matthew Arnold
1543:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1503:
1500:
1488:
1487:
1486:
1479:
1467:
1466:
1465:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1438:
1437:
1436:
1428:
1427:
1426:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1409:
1402:
1391:
1390:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1373:Acorn Antiques
1360:
1357:
1354:
1336:
1325:
1314:
1303:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1273:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1258:
1247:
1227:
1226:
1225:
1218:
1213:City of London
1201:
1200:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1178:
1177:
1176:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1102:
1099:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1069:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1026:
1025:
1020:Great Yarmouth
1017:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1005:
998:
979:
976:
975:
974:
973:
972:
960:
959:
958:
943:
927:
926:
925:
917:
916:
915:
897:
894:
893:
892:
891:
890:
867:
866:
865:
857:
856:
855:
848:
840:
839:
838:
816:
813:
812:
811:
810:
809:
806:
803:
792:
789:
786:
783:
775:
774:
773:
770:
762:
761:
760:
752:
751:
750:
727:
719:
718:
717:
714:
703:Silicon Valley
691:
651:
648:
647:
646:
645:
644:
641:
621:
620:
619:
618:
617:
609:
608:
607:
604:
601:
588:
587:
586:
568:
565:
562:
555:
545:
538:
525:
517:
516:
515:
507:
506:
505:
494:
476:
473:
462:
459:
443:
442:
441:
438:
435:
419:
418:
417:
405:
404:
403:
395:
394:
393:
380:Bath, Somerset
367:
364:
363:
362:
361:
360:
352:
351:
350:
347:
340:
333:
325:
324:
323:
298:
295:
288:
287:
282:
277:
272:
267:
262:
257:
252:
247:
242:
237:
232:
227:
222:
217:
212:
207:
202:
197:
192:
187:
182:
177:
171:
166:
165:
163:
116:
115:
30:
28:
21:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5876:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5851:
5849:
5837:
5833:
5830:
5825:
5822:
5816:
5813:
5807:
5804:
5792:
5788:
5781:
5778:
5774:
5769:
5766:
5754:
5750:
5749:
5741:
5738:
5733:
5729:
5722:
5719:
5706:
5702:
5696:
5693:
5688:
5682:
5678:
5671:
5668:
5664:
5663:the Potteries
5659:
5656:
5652:
5647:
5644:
5639:
5638:"Snozzle Fun"
5633:
5630:
5624:
5621:
5617:
5608:
5605:
5602:, Winter 1995
5601:
5597:
5592:
5589:
5584:
5578:
5562:
5555:
5552:
5548:
5543:
5540:
5528:
5524:
5517:
5514:
5502:
5498:
5494:
5490:
5484:
5481:
5469:
5465:
5461:
5457:
5451:
5448:
5443:
5437:
5434:
5422:
5418:
5411:
5408:
5396:
5392:
5385:
5382:
5377:
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5363:
5350:
5346:
5342:
5341:"Civic crest"
5336:
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5295:: 72โ91. 1912
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5164:Visit Britain
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4397:New Statesman
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3075:The Economist
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2595:New Statesman
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2535:. 3 July 1995
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2196:on 9 May 2008
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2023:
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2018:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2008:
1997:
1992:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1982:Wolverhampton
1980:
1975:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1966:
1961:
1958:
1954:
1953:
1952:
1949:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1939:
1934:
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1878:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1853:
1852:The Potteries
1849:
1847:was left out.
1846:
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1828:
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1701:
1700:
1695:
1688:
1680:
1679:Edmund Calamy
1676:
1675:
1674:
1671:
1666:
1665:football club
1662:
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1512:
1508:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1489:
1484:
1480:
1477:
1476:Newport Docks
1473:
1472:
1471:
1468:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1450:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1441:
1434:
1433:
1432:
1429:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1419:
1414:
1410:
1407:
1406:iron industry
1403:
1401:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1394:Middlesbrough
1392:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1368:Victoria Wood
1365:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1352:Happy Mondays
1349:
1345:
1344:musical scene
1341:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1301:
1297:
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1295:
1292:
1291:
1288:
1283:
1276:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1259:
1256:
1252:
1251:pea soup fogs
1248:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1236:The Great Wen
1233:
1232:
1231:
1228:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1169:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1153:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1140:"Gothic City"
1139:
1136:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1114:
1107:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1092:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1040:
1039:
1038:
1037:Hebden Bridge
1035:
1034:
1030:
1023:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1013:
1010:
1009:Victorian era
1006:
1003:
1002:Red Clydeside
999:
996:
991:
987:
986:
985:
982:
981:
977:
970:
966:
965:
964:
961:
956:
952:
948:
944:
941:
937:
933:
932:
931:
928:
923:
922:
921:
918:
913:
912:
911:
910:East Kilbride
908:
907:
902:
895:
888:
884:
880:
879:
873:
872:
871:
868:
863:
862:
861:
858:
853:
849:
846:
845:
844:
841:
836:
835:
834:
831:
830:
826:
821:
814:
807:
804:
801:
797:
793:
790:
787:
784:
781:
780:
779:
776:
771:
768:
767:
766:
763:
758:
757:
756:
753:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
725:
724:
723:
720:
715:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
689:
685:
684:
679:
675:
674:
673:
670:
669:
665:
661:
656:
649:
642:
639:
635:
631:
627:
626:
625:
622:
615:
614:
613:
610:
605:
602:
599:
598:
597:
594:
593:
592:
589:
584:
580:
577:
573:
569:
566:
563:
560:
556:
554:
550:
546:
543:
539:
536:
535:
530:
526:
523:
522:
521:
518:
513:
512:
511:
508:
500:
495:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
474:
471:
467:
463:
460:
457:
453:
449:
448:
447:
444:
439:
436:
433:
429:
425:
424:
423:
420:
415:
411:
410:
409:
406:
401:
400:
399:
396:
391:
387:
383:
382:
381:
378:
377:
372:
365:
358:
357:
356:
353:
348:
345:
341:
338:
334:
331:
330:
329:
326:
321:
320:
319:
316:
315:
311:
307:
303:
296:
290:
286:
283:
281:
278:
276:
273:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
241:
238:
236:
233:
231:
228:
226:
223:
221:
218:
216:
213:
211:
208:
206:
203:
201:
198:
196:
193:
191:
188:
186:
183:
181:
178:
176:
173:
172:
162:
159:
157:
151:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
126:compiles the
125:
122:This partial
120:
112:
109:
101:
90:
87:
83:
80:
76:
73:
69:
66:
62:
59: โ
58:
54:
53:Find sources:
47:
43:
37:
36:
31:This article
29:
25:
20:
19:
16:
5824:
5815:
5806:
5794:. Retrieved
5790:
5780:
5768:
5757:, retrieved
5747:
5740:
5731:
5721:
5709:. Retrieved
5704:
5695:
5676:
5670:
5658:
5646:
5632:
5623:
5607:
5599:
5598:, Issue 69,
5591:
5565:. Retrieved
5554:
5542:
5530:. Retrieved
5527:The Guardian
5526:
5516:
5504:. Retrieved
5492:
5483:
5471:. Retrieved
5459:
5450:
5436:
5424:. Retrieved
5420:
5410:
5398:. Retrieved
5394:
5384:
5375:
5365:
5355:27 September
5353:. Retrieved
5349:the original
5344:
5335:
5325:27 September
5323:. Retrieved
5318:
5309:
5299:27 September
5297:. Retrieved
5292:
5288:
5279:
5267:. Retrieved
5263:the original
5258:
5249:
5235:
5223:. Retrieved
5209:
5195:
5180:
5170:22 September
5168:. Retrieved
5162:
5153:
5141:. Retrieved
5137:The Guardian
5136:
5126:
5112:
5098:
5084:
5070:
5056:
5044:. Retrieved
5040:the original
5035:
5026:
5014:. Retrieved
5007:
4998:
4984:
4965:
4959:
4934:
4926:
4914:. Retrieved
4910:
4900:
4888:. Retrieved
4884:
4875:
4865:25 September
4863:. Retrieved
4859:the original
4854:
4845:
4836:
4827:
4819:The Guardian
4817:
4808:
4796:
4784:. Retrieved
4780:
4771:
4751:
4740:
4728:. Retrieved
4723:The Guardian
4721:
4711:
4699:. Retrieved
4692:
4682:
4673:
4664:
4652:. Retrieved
4650:. HBAA. 2017
4642:
4630:. Retrieved
4620:
4608:. Retrieved
4598:
4589:
4580:
4568:. Retrieved
4558:
4546:. Retrieved
4542:the original
4532:
4522:11 September
4520:. Retrieved
4510:
4490:
4476:
4464:. Retrieved
4460:
4450:
4438:. Retrieved
4434:
4424:
4415:
4405:
4396:
4386:
4374:. Retrieved
4371:The Guardian
4370:
4360:
4340:
4330:
4321:
4300:. Retrieved
4296:
4286:
4274:. Retrieved
4265:
4253:. Retrieved
4251:. March 2021
4243:
4231:. Retrieved
4222:
4210:. Retrieved
4200:
4188:. Retrieved
4182:
4172:
4160:. Retrieved
4154:
4144:
4134:29 September
4132:. Retrieved
4123:
4109:
4095:
4085:
4077:
4071:. p. 1.
4064:
4058:
4046:. Retrieved
4041:
4032:
4020:. Retrieved
4014:
4004:
3996:
3981:
3974:
3966:
3959:
3951:
3943:The Guardian
3942:
3932:
3920:. Retrieved
3915:
3906:
3894:. Retrieved
3889:
3880:
3852:. Retrieved
3847:
3838:
3826:. Retrieved
3822:
3812:
3800:. Retrieved
3794:
3784:
3777:
3769:
3762:
3754:
3747:
3738:
3732:Daily Record
3731:
3723:
3715:
3707:
3699:
3690:
3678:. Retrieved
3673:
3664:
3652:. Retrieved
3649:The Guardian
3648:
3638:
3626:. Retrieved
3622:Scotland Now
3621:
3612:
3600:. Retrieved
3595:The Scotsman
3593:
3583:
3571:. Retrieved
3566:
3557:
3545:. Retrieved
3540:
3530:
3521:
3510:
3500:
3495:Lisa Smyth,
3491:
3479:. Retrieved
3468:
3459:
3451:The Observer
3450:
3440:
3431:Iain Soden,
3427:
3420:Warwickshire
3415:
3398:
3394:
3388:
3377:
3365:. Retrieved
3360:
3351:
3342:
3336:
3324:. Retrieved
3319:
3294:. Retrieved
3292:. Birmingham
3289:
3262:
3242:
3235:
3227:
3221:
3209:. Retrieved
3205:the original
3195:
3183:. Retrieved
3178:
3169:
3157:. Retrieved
3143:
3131:. Retrieved
3127:
3118:
3108:27 September
3106:. Retrieved
3101:
3091:
3081:27 September
3079:. Retrieved
3074:
3065:
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