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to the head of state or appropriate authority of the receiving nation. At this time the ambassador officially becomes the representative of his country. This would normally occur a short time after the ambassador's arrival on station. The host nation may reject the ambassador by not receiving the
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Usually the date that the ambassador left the country. In some cases a letter of recall is presented, ending the ambassador's commission, either as a means of diplomatic protest or because the diplomat is being reassigned elsewhere and replaced by another
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2082:
1797:
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1507:
1367:
1071:
Satterthwaite was reaccredited to the
Republic of South Africa when South Africa became a republic. A new letter of credence was submitted to the Foreign Office on May 31, 1961 but was not formally presented.
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2122:
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1802:
1737:
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1557:
1477:
1432:
2551:
1230:
2587:
2556:
2530:
2381:
2461:
1142:
2535:
1223:
1137:
2376:
1081:
575:
South Africa became a republic on May 31, 1961. This required a new commission for the ambassador. Hereafter ambassadors were commissioned to the
237:
The date that the ambassador took the oath of office; also known as "commissioning". It follows confirmation of a presidential appointment by the
2509:
1082:"President Cyril Ramaphosa receives Letters of Credence from Ambassadors and High Commissioners-designate, 28 Jan | South African Government"
1215:
245:
by the president. In the case of a recess appointment, the ambassador requires subsequent confirmation by the Senate to remain in office.
1186:
1147:
212:
2484:
1253:
1152:
228:
A person who is not a career foreign service officer, but is appointed by the president (often as a reward to political friends).
63:
216:
2345:
1200:
280:
The person in charge of the business of the embassy when there is no ambassador commissioned to the host country.
1059:
Wailes was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on
December 3, 1954.
812:
168:
129:(1899–1902); after the second war, in which the British prevailed, both republics were incorporated into the
584:
560:
274:
27:
41:
110:
698:
142:
456:
The title of the office was changed to
Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary on March 2, 1949.
660:
461:
359:
337:
238:
153:
73:
1120:
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603:
484:
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641:
324:
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114:
679:
522:
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400:
1106:
950:
869:
793:
755:
541:
138:
126:
983:
888:
419:
130:
122:
109:. There also were two self-proclaimed independent states: Transvaal (also known as the
49:
1205:
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106:
1164:
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622:
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289:
183:
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102:
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for those who have served in the
Foreign Service for a specified amount of time.
134:
910:
474:
1180:
146:
133:. On May 31, 1910, the two ex-republics and the British colonies of the
1201:
United States
Department of State: Chiefs of Mission for South Africa
1165:
United States
Department of State: Background notes on South Africa
173:
171:
on May 31, 1961, after links to the
British crown were severed.
118:
1219:
152:
The United States appointed its first envoy to South Africa,
1210:
93:
101:
Before 1902, the southern part of Africa that is now
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2523:
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2354:
2323:
2242:
2221:
1260:
89:
81:
69:
59:
20:
1050:Erhardt died while in office on February 18, 1951.
365:Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
259:ambassador's letter, but this occurs only rarely.
2583:Ambassadors of the United States to South Africa
1041:while in office. This required a new commission.
1028:while in office. This required a new commission.
1026:Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
292:meaning "for the time being", "in the meantime".
162:Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
1206:United States Department of State: South Africa
1067:
1065:
306:until 1961 when South Africa became a republic.
21:Ambassador of the United States to South Africa
1231:
1107:"Consul General in Cape Town Todd P. Haskell"
989:Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
916:Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
444:Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
32:Seal of the United States Department of State
8:
1039:Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
254:The date that the ambassador presented his
1238:
1224:
1216:
193:
40:
2578:Lists of ambassadors of the United States
1138:Embassy of South Africa, Washington, D.C.
1121:"Deputy Chief of Mission Heather Merritt"
302:The ambassadors were commissioned to the
1020:
1018:
309:
215:began classifying ambassadors as career
1014:
196:
1143:South Africa – United States relations
17:
7:
2588:Lists of ambassadors to South Africa
1182:U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets
77:as Minister Resident/Consul General
14:
1211:United States Embassy in Pretoria
1187:United States Department of State
1148:Foreign relations of South Africa
343:Minister Resident/Consul General
213:United States Department of State
1998:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
1254:Ambassadors of the United States
1247:
1174: This article incorporates
1169:
1153:Ambassadors of the United States
243:Congressional recess appointment
158:Minister Resident/Consul General
26:
2495:International Religious Freedom
217:Foreign Service Officers (FSOs)
156:, in 1929. He was appointed as
121:fought two wars, known as the
64:President of the United States
1:
968:Heather Merritt - Career FSO
935:Chargé d'Affaires ad interim
894:Chargé d'Affaires ad interim
167:South Africa was renamed the
2355:International organizations
2604:
932:John Groarke - Career FSO
443:
105:was under the hegemony of
54:since August 11, 2022
934:
364:
37:
25:
2524:Ambassadors by President
1428:Central African Republic
1037:Winship was promoted to
813:Jendayi Elizabeth Frazer
577:Republic of South Africa
169:Republic of South Africa
2500:Global Criminal Justice
2442:UN Food and Agriculture
1024:Totten was promoted to
585:Joseph C. Satterthwaite
561:Joseph C. Satterthwaite
149:of the British Empire.
94:U.S. Embassy - Pretoria
2505:Trafficking in Persons
1368:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1176:public domain material
986:- Political Appointee
913:- Political Appointee
872:- Political Appointee
853:- Political Appointee
834:– Political appointee
815:– Political appointee
777:– Political appointee
758:– Political appointee
682:– Political appointee
625:– Political appointee
544:– Political appointee
422:– Political appointee
403:– Political appointee
198:U.S. diplomatic terms
186:
117:. The British and the
111:South African Republic
2490:Global Women's Issues
2013:São Tomé and Príncipe
1988:Saint Kitts and Nevis
699:Edward Joseph Perkins
325:Presented credentials
304:Union of South Africa
250:Presented credentials
177:
143:Union of South Africa
2472:Ambassadors-at-large
2305:United Arab Republic
2168:United Arab Emirates
1123:. February 14, 2022.
1109:. February 14, 2021.
661:William B. Edmondson
477:, February 18, 1951
164:the following year.
125:(1880–1881) and the
2336:Hong Kong and Macau
2222:Suspended relations
2133:Trinidad and Tobago
1293:Antigua and Barbuda
903:September 13, 2019
745:September 21, 1992
631:September 10, 1970
604:William M. Rountree
509:September 15, 1954
485:Waldemar J. Gallman
329:Terminated mission
311:
224:Political appointee
145:, a self-governing
1508:Dominican Republic
897:December 16, 2016
881:December 16, 2016
802:November 29, 2001
780:November 16, 1999
764:February 27, 1996
761:December 19, 1995
748:December 14, 1995
737:Princeton N. Lyman
726:September 8, 1989
718:William Lacy Swing
707:November 27, 1986
642:William G. Bowdler
596:November 17, 1965
547:February 16, 1959
512:November 29, 1954
453:December 20, 1949
412:November 21, 1943
371:September 8, 1930
349:February 18, 1930
346:December 19, 1929
310:
264:Terminated mission
256:letter of credence
187:
2565:
2564:
2243:Defunct countries
1533:Equatorial Guinea
1261:Current countries
1006:
1005:
938:January 20, 2021
925:January 20, 2021
922:January 28, 2020
878:October 16, 2013
843:January 20, 2009
799:November 5, 2001
783:January 21, 2000
767:November 7, 1999
704:October 16, 1986
609:October 20, 1965
534:January 24, 1959
493:October 18, 1951
409:October 21, 1942
390:October 22, 1937
296:
295:
275:Chargé d'affaires
115:Orange Free State
99:
98:
85:December 19, 1929
2595:
2485:Counterterrorism
1938:Papua New Guinea
1813:Marshall Islands
1252:
1251:
1250:
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1190:
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1057:
1051:
1048:
1042:
1035:
1029:
1022:
995:August 11, 2022
976:August 11, 2022
919:October 4, 2019
875:August 26, 2013
862:January 2, 2013
859:October 1, 2009
840:August 15, 2006
824:August 26, 2005
821:August 10, 2004
691:October 4, 1986
680:Herman W. Nickel
612:January 8, 1966
531:October 9, 1956
523:Henry A. Byroade
515:August 11, 1956
504:Edward T. Wailes
496:August 15, 1954
490:August 22, 1951
470:October 4, 1950
401:Lincoln MacVeagh
393:August 13, 1942
312:
211:After 1915, The
194:
160:and promoted to
70:Inaugural holder
44:
30:
18:
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2457:UN Human Rights
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2058:Solomon Islands
1908:North Macedonia
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1011:
971:April 11, 2022
961:April 11, 2022
951:Todd P. Haskell
870:Patrick Gaspard
794:Cameron R. Hume
756:James A. Joseph
723:August 7, 1989
688:April 20, 1982
685:March 29, 1982
653:April 19, 1978
647:March 17, 1975
550:April 22, 1959
542:Philip K. Crowe
462:John G. Erhardt
447:March 24, 1948
425:March 21, 1944
374:April 12, 1937
360:Ralph J. Totten
338:Ralph J. Totten
288:
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178:USA embassy in
154:Ralph J. Totten
127:Second Boer War
76:
74:Ralph J. Totten
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1488:Czech Republic
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420:Thomas Holcomb
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2301:
2298:
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2286:
2283:
2281:
2280:South Vietnam
2278:
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2266:
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2256:
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2209:
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2176:
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2171:
2169:
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2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
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2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
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1891:
1889:
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1879:
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1866:
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1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1768:Liechtenstein
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
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1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1618:Guinea-Bissau
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
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1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
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1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
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1444:
1441:
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1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
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1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
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1389:
1386:
1384:
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1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
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1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
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1319:
1316:
1314:
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1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
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1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1241:
1236:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1188:
1184:
1183:
1177:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1122:
1116:
1113:
1108:
1102:
1099:
1087:
1083:
1077:
1074:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1056:
1053:
1047:
1044:
1040:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1008:
1002:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
988:
985:
982:
981:
978:
975:
973:
970:
967:
966:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:- Career FSO
952:
949:
948:
945:
942:
940:
937:
931:
930:
927:
924:
921:
918:
915:
912:
909:
908:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
891:- Career FSO
890:
887:
886:
883:
880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
867:
864:
861:
858:
856:July 7, 2009
855:
852:
849:
848:
845:
842:
839:
836:
833:
830:
829:
826:
823:
820:
818:May 25, 2004
817:
814:
811:
810:
807:
804:
801:
798:
796:– Career FSO
795:
792:
791:
788:
785:
782:
779:
776:
773:
772:
769:
766:
763:
760:
757:
754:
753:
750:
747:
744:
741:
739:– Career FSO
738:
735:
734:
731:
729:July 5, 1992
728:
725:
722:
720:– Career FSO
719:
716:
715:
712:
710:May 22, 1989
709:
706:
703:
701:– Career FSO
700:
697:
696:
693:
690:
687:
684:
681:
678:
677:
674:
671:
669:June 5, 1978
668:
665:
663:– Career FSO
662:
659:
658:
655:
652:
650:May 14, 1975
649:
646:
644:– Career FSO
643:
640:
639:
636:
633:
630:
627:
624:
621:
620:
617:
615:June 5, 1970
614:
611:
608:
606:– Career FSO
605:
602:
601:
598:
595:
593:May 31, 1961
592:
590:May 31, 1961
589:
587:– Career FSO
586:
583:
582:
578:
574:
572:May 31, 1961
571:
569:May 22, 1961
568:
565:
563:– Career FSO
562:
559:
558:
555:
552:
549:
546:
543:
540:
539:
536:
533:
530:
527:
525:– Career FSO
524:
521:
520:
517:
514:
511:
508:
506:– Career FSO
505:
502:
501:
498:
495:
492:
489:
487:– Career FSO
486:
483:
482:
479:
476:
472:
469:
467:May 23, 1950
466:
464:– Career FSO
463:
460:
459:
455:
452:
449:
446:
441:– Career FSO
440:
439:North Winship
437:
436:
433:
431:May 30, 1948
430:
427:
424:
421:
418:
417:
414:
411:
408:
406:May 21, 1942
405:
402:
399:
398:
395:
392:
389:
386:
384:– Career FSO
383:
380:
379:
376:
373:
370:
367:
362:– Career FSO
361:
358:
357:
354:
351:
348:
345:
342:
340:– Career FSO
339:
336:
335:
331:
328:
326:
323:
320:
317:
314:
313:
305:
301:
298:
297:
291:
287:
286:
278:
277:
276:
266:
265:
257:
252:
251:
244:
240:
235:
234:
226:
225:
218:
214:
209:
208:
204:
203:
199:
195:
189:
185:
181:
176:
172:
170:
165:
163:
159:
155:
150:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
107:Great Britain
104:
95:
92:
88:
84:
80:
75:
72:
68:
65:
62:
58:
51:
43:
36:
29:
24:
19:
16:
2531:Donald Trump
2515:Antisemitism
2452:UN in Geneva
2324:Other places
2300:Two Sicilies
2290:Soviet Union
2255:East Germany
2148:Turkmenistan
2068:South Africa
2067:
2038:Sierra Leone
2018:Saudi Arabia
1393:Burkina Faso
1181:
1115:
1101:
1089:. Retrieved
1085:
1076:
1055:
1046:
1038:
1033:
1025:
998:
832:Eric M. Bost
775:Delano Lewis
666:May 3, 1978
623:John G. Hurd
576:
382:Leo J. Keena
303:
299:
290:Latin phrase
284:
283:
273:
272:
263:
262:
249:
248:
232:
231:
223:
222:
206:
205:
197:
184:South Africa
180:Johannesburg
166:
161:
157:
151:
103:South Africa
100:
15:
2285:South Yemen
2265:North Yemen
2103:Switzerland
2073:South Sudan
1993:Saint Lucia
1953:Philippines
1888:New Zealand
1883:Netherlands
1718:South Korea
1683:Ivory Coast
1528:El Salvador
1268:Afghanistan
1091:October 15,
956:March 2021
943:March 2021
851:Donald Gips
190:Ambassadors
141:formed the
113:), and the
2572:Categories
2315:Yugoslavia
2295:Tanganyika
2183:Uzbekistan
2108:Tajikistan
2033:Seychelles
2008:San Marino
1863:Mozambique
1853:Montenegro
1833:Micronesia
1818:Mauritania
1783:Madagascar
1778:Luxembourg
1733:Kyrgyzstan
1703:Kazakhstan
1578:The Gambia
1513:East Timor
1468:Costa Rica
1423:Cape Verde
1333:Bangladesh
1318:Azerbaijan
1159:References
1086:www.gov.za
911:Lana Marks
321:Appointed
285:Ad interim
207:Career FSO
2536:Joe Biden
2341:Jerusalem
2193:Venezuela
2083:Sri Lanka
2043:Singapore
1893:Nicaragua
1823:Mauritius
1773:Lithuania
1658:Indonesia
1608:Guatemala
1308:Australia
1298:Argentina
999:Incumbent
475:Cape Town
233:Appointed
82:Formation
60:Nominator
47:Incumbent
2213:Zimbabwe
2118:Thailand
2113:Tanzania
2093:Suriname
2053:Slovenia
2048:Slovakia
1963:Portugal
1943:Paraguay
1923:Pakistan
1848:Mongolia
1798:Maldives
1793:Malaysia
1713:Kiribati
1638:Honduras
1633:Holy See
1553:Ethiopia
1548:Eswatini
1503:Dominica
1498:Djibouti
1458:DR Congo
1448:Colombia
1413:Cameroon
1408:Cambodia
1388:Bulgaria
1373:Botswana
1338:Barbados
1132:See also
473:Died at
147:dominion
2331:Curaçao
2275:Prussia
2198:Vietnam
2188:Vanuatu
2178:Uruguay
2163:Ukraine
2138:Tunisia
2063:Somalia
2023:Senegal
1973:Romania
1903:Nigeria
1868:Namibia
1858:Morocco
1838:Moldova
1758:Liberia
1753:Lesotho
1748:Lebanon
1688:Jamaica
1668:Ireland
1648:Iceland
1643:Hungary
1603:Grenada
1588:Germany
1583:Georgia
1563:Finland
1543:Estonia
1538:Eritrea
1518:Ecuador
1493:Denmark
1473:Croatia
1453:Comoros
1403:Burundi
1363:Bolivia
1348:Belgium
1343:Belarus
1328:Bahrain
1323:Bahamas
1313:Austria
1303:Armenia
1283:Andorra
1278:Algeria
1273:Albania
241:, or a
90:Website
2480:Arctic
2432:UNESCO
2346:Taiwan
2260:Hawaii
2208:Zambia
2158:Uganda
2153:Tuvalu
2143:Turkey
2098:Sweden
2028:Serbia
1983:Rwanda
1978:Russia
1958:Poland
1933:Panama
1913:Norway
1843:Monaco
1828:Mexico
1788:Malawi
1743:Latvia
1728:Kuwait
1723:Kosovo
1698:Jordan
1673:Israel
1623:Guyana
1613:Guinea
1598:Greece
1568:France
1483:Cyprus
1418:Canada
1383:Brunei
1378:Brazil
1353:Belize
1288:Angola
332:Notes
318:Title
269:envoy.
239:Senate
2552:Women
2545:Other
2447:UNVIE
2377:SAARC
2372:ASEAN
2310:Texas
2234:Syria
2203:Yemen
2128:Tonga
2088:Sudan
2078:Spain
2003:Samoa
1968:Qatar
1928:Palau
1898:Niger
1878:Nepal
1873:Nauru
1808:Malta
1763:Libya
1708:Kenya
1693:Japan
1678:Italy
1653:India
1628:Haiti
1593:Ghana
1573:Gabon
1523:Egypt
1463:Congo
1443:China
1438:Chile
1398:Burma
1358:Benin
1178:from
1009:Notes
315:Name
300:Note:
139:Natal
119:Boers
2557:LGBT
2510:AIDS
2437:UNEP
2422:OSCE
2417:OPCW
2407:OECD
2397:NATO
2392:ICAO
2367:APEC
2229:Iran
2123:Togo
1948:Peru
1918:Oman
1803:Mali
1738:Laos
1663:Iraq
1558:Fiji
1478:Cuba
1433:Chad
1093:2021
900:N/A
137:and
135:Cape
2462:WTO
2412:OIC
2402:OAS
2574::
2427:UN
2387:EU
2382:CD
2362:AU
1185:.
1084:.
1064:^
1017:^
579:.
182:,
1239:e
1232:t
1225:v
1189:.
1095:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
