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50:, the presence of a political threat is the strongest explanatory factor for why pogroms occurred in some locations but not others: "Pogroms were most likely to occur where there were lots of Jews, where those Jews advocated national equality with non-Jews, and where parties advocating national equality were popular."
85:
Kopsten and
Wittenberg also write that "Yet pogroms were relatively rare events." The 219 pogroms represent "just 9 percent of all localities in the region where Jews and non-Jews dwelled together. Most communities never experienced a pogrom and most ordinary non-Jews never attacked Jews".
34:
in June 1941, anti-Jewish pogroms occurred in at least 219 localities in the lands that had been part of Poland prior to 1939 and were occupied by the Soviet Union from 1939 to 1941.
118:(now Lviv, Ukraine), perpetrated by German security forces, Ukrainian nationalists, and the local majority Polish population. from 30 June to 2 July 1941, and from 25 to 29 July 1941.
78:. Kopstein and Wittenberg estimate around twenty-five thousand to fifty thousand "deaths resulting from neighbor-on-neighbor violence in summer 1941", significantly less than the
436:
332:
Zbikowski, Andrzej (1993). "Local Anti-Jewish
Pogroms in the Occupied Territories of Eastern Poland, June—July 1941". In Dobroszycki, Lucjan; Gurock, Jeffrey S. (eds.).
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Anti-Jewish pogroms occurred in at least 219 localities in the eastern borderlands of Poland, i.e. lands that had been part of Poland prior to 1939 and were
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Holocaust in the Soviet Union: Studies and Sources on the Destruction of the Jews in the Nazi-Occupied Territories of the Ussr, 1941-1945
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284:(2011). "Pogroms, mob violence and genocide in western Ukraine, summer 1941: varied histories, explanations and comparisons".
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Intimate
Violence: Anti-Jewish Pogroms on the Eve of the Holocaust
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The Towns of Death: Pogroms
Against Jews by Their Neighbors
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List of anti-Jewish pogroms in Poland during World War II
108:, carried out by its Polish inhabitants on 10 July 1941.
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359:Extermination of Jews in the Eastern Borderlands"
255:Kopstein, Jeffrey S.; Wittenberg, Jason (2018).
144:in Wąsosz, carried out by Poles on 5 July 1941.
27:Anti-Jewish massacres in eastern Poland in 1941
60:occupied by the Soviet Union from 1939 to 1941
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437:Holocaust massacres and pogroms in Poland
134:in Tykocin, perpetrated by personnel of
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32:German invasion of the Soviet Union
385:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
352:Anti-Jewish Pogroms in Summer 1941
42:According to political scientists
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447:Polish war crimes in World War II
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62:. Among these pogroms were the
239:Kopstein & Wittenberg 2018
227:Kopstein & Wittenberg 2018
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179:Kopstein & Wittenberg 2018
167:Kopstein & Wittenberg 2018
98:by local Poles on 7 July 1941.
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317:. Rowman & Littlefield.
298:10.1080/14623528.2011.606683
286:Journal of Genocide Research
259:. Cornell University Press.
80:1918–1920 pogroms in Poland
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313:Tryczyk, Mirosław (2021).
30:Immediately following the
357:Grądzka-Rejak, Martyna. "
377:This article related to
442:Antisemitism in Poland
361:on Polish Righteous
354:" on Virtual Shtetl
350:Persak, Krzysztof. "
138:on August 25, 1941.
68:Lviv pogroms (1941)
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343:978-1-56324-173-4
324:978-1-7936-3764-2
266:978-1-5017-1527-3
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90:List of pogroms
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112:Lviv pogroms
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