1468:
1322:
24:
967:
746:
546:
1118:
679:
1331:
901:
1239:
1043:
1034:
1248:
621:
1109:
892:
1172:
537:
612:
36:
688:
1410:
834:
1401:
976:
1181:
755:
465:
456:
3814:
825:
3783:
1477:
1508:
2885:; Ames, Mercedes; McNeal, Joel R.; McKain, Michael R.; Steele, P. Roxanne; dePamphilis, Claude W.; Graham, Sean W.; Pires, J. Chris; Stevenson, Dennis W.; Zomlefer, Wendy B.; Briggs, Barbara G.; Duvall, Melvin R.; Moore, Michael J.; Heaney, J. Michael;
249:, flowers with parts in threes or multiples of three, and roots that can develop in more than one place along the stems. The alismatids have adapted to thrive in oceans, temperate zones, deserts, the tropics, and even glacial regions.
508:-bearing aquatic plants, usually perennials. They take root in freshwater beds, and some remain submerged. Two species are consumed in Asia, and another was a food source for Native Americans.
186:
160:
68:
1664:
Some of POWO's data originally appeared in different databases. On the page for each family, these databases (if any) will appear under the "General information" tab.
3045:
International Code of
Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017
3102:
1521:
1467:
3150:
2943:. London, Boston and Canberra: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; and the Australian National Botanic Gardens
2903:
182:
3012:
2983:
2872:
2853:
2814:
660:
Generally sappy, herbaceous plants growing in soil, in water and on trees, along with a few woody climbers. Many cultures have relied on
3843:
1570:
are not included. The monocots as a whole are the plants responsible for most of the global agricultural output, including those in the
128:
3095:
143:
114:
110:
1321:
264:
aquatic weeds that can disrupt and destabilize ecosystems. Others grow in a variety of habitats, especially plants in the
3129:
1453:
leaves. The plants have been used as packing material. The dense growths support commercially important fish and shrimp.
3155:
3145:
2975:
1563:
1450:
1383:
1304:
1300:
1087:
594:
302:
289:
242:
222:
214:
203:
85:
2762:"An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV"
3817:
3088:
1558:
1549:
357:
174:
147:
23:
3027:
1215:
2957:
1157:
Aquatic plants, usually perennials. The plants are an important food source for many birds and aquatic animals.
1015:
Aquatic perennials with leaves up to 80 cm (31 in) long. The family is likely to become endangered as
3853:
3848:
3140:
1282:
910:
555:
199:
89:
966:
1286:
545:
178:
3061:
745:
630:
590:
260:
of wetlands plants, all the alismatid families are in
Alismatales. Some of the plants in this order are
2659:
1330:
900:
3023:
2354:
1042:
1033:
678:
3858:
3838:
1419:
985:
789:
1365:
1117:
2987:
3801:
3135:
2920:
2820:
1376:
1190:
1127:
933:
764:
509:
210:
2899:"Assembling the Tree of the Monocotyledons: Plastome Sequence Phylogeny and Evolution of Poales"
1247:
1238:
1108:
891:
1171:
611:
536:
3795:
3610:
3008:
2886:
2882:
2868:
2849:
2810:
306:
35:
952:
Herbaceous plants with grass-like leaves that grow in soil or water. Two species are edible.
3807:
3392:
3221:
3191:
2912:
2890:
2802:
2773:
1409:
1269:
1257:
1139:
874:
855:
843:
833:
318:
261:
1400:
975:
3695:
3553:
3203:
3166:
3112:
3043:
1976:
1974:
1632:
687:
620:
567:
401:
218:
51:
1180:
3718:
3675:
3620:
3292:
3216:
1645:
1599:
1486:
1372:
697:
474:
438:
430:
332:
3080:
299:: a plant species that completes its life cycle within a single year or growing season
3832:
3597:
3558:
3490:
3408:
3268:
3116:
2824:
1583:
1513:
1352:
1094:
in the
Mediterranean can be kilometers wide and persist for many thousands of years.
1064:
922:
776:
349:
273:
253:
246:
123:
75:
55:
2924:
2801:(in German). Berlin: Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin.
315:: a vine that leans on, twines around or clings to other plants for vertical support
3665:
3520:
3500:
3450:
3382:
3350:
3345:
3298:
2894:
1591:
1587:
1340:
1277:
486:
328:
296:
2898:
949:
3 genera, in northern temperate zones, South
America, Oceania and parts of Africa
754:
464:
455:
3733:
3728:
3657:
3573:
3495:
3437:
3426:
3327:
3316:
3286:
3258:
3185:
1456:
1431:
1389:
1310:
1227:
1160:
1147:
1097:
1022:
1016:
997:
955:
880:
863:
813:
734:
667:
600:
589:
Herbaceous smooth-stemmed freshwater perennials, usually with long leaf-stalks.
580:
525:
381:
337:
226:
155:
3048:(electronic ed.). Glashütten: International Association for Plant Taxonomy
1622:
and is derived from the name of a genus that is or once was part of the family.
824:
3782:
3713:
3690:
3615:
3568:
3563:
3543:
3505:
3421:
3304:
3243:
3235:
2837:
1595:
1503:
1202:
938:
807:
709:
575:
518:
386:
269:
727:
Smooth-stemmed herbaceous aquatic, swamp or marsh plants, usually with milky
3743:
3723:
3680:
3670:
3387:
3248:
3179:
1575:
1360:
1072:
784:
411:
390:
324:
257:
238:
873:
Annual and perennial aquatic plants. One species is consumed in Asia. Many
2700:
2698:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2475:
2334:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2096:
2094:
3738:
3647:
3642:
3630:
3578:
3548:
3472:
3369:
3335:
3310:
3253:
2961:
2848:. Chicago, Illinois: Kew Publishing and The University of Chicago Press.
1579:
1541:
1293:
1077:
444:
353:
138:
102:
2865:
The A to Z of Plant Names: A Quick
Reference Guide to 4000 Garden Plants
2806:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1616:
3705:
3685:
3535:
3525:
3515:
3510:
3397:
2844:
Christenhusz, Maarten; Fay, Michael
Francis; Chase, Mark Wayne (2017).
1571:
1507:
1439:
1052:
1005:
717:
642:
434:
361:
277:
265:
230:
3062:"USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System"
2788:
2778:
2761:
2627:
2625:
2623:
2586:
2584:
2582:
2438:
2436:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2137:
2135:
2133:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1856:
1854:
1852:
3748:
3482:
3460:
3340:
3280:
3068:. Beltsville, Maryland: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory. 2022
1210:
1083:
1 genus, in the
Mediterranean and oceans south and west of Australia
943:
877:
genera have become entrenched, causing considerable economic damage.
494:
419:
341:
234:
169:
2916:
2720:
2513:
2305:
2236:
2085:
1953:
1476:
731:. They are consumed in parts of Russia, in bread or as a vegetable.
2846:
Plants of the World: An
Illustrated Encyclopedia of Vascular Plants
1224:
Submerged herbaceous plants, usually annuals with stalkless leaves
1612:
1567:
1553:
802:
Large perennials, up to 30 cm (12 in) long in the genus
793:
728:
505:
1221:
1 genus, scattered worldwide, in ponds, marshes and shallow seas
721:
is from the Greek for "ox-wounding", named for the sharp leaves.
661:
650:
312:
3084:
1726:
1724:
1009:
was named for John Maund (1823–1858), a physician and chemist.
397:
252:
Like the earliest monocots, many of the alismatid monocots are
405:
1386:
perennials, usually with leaves attached at the plant's base
2790:
1691:
586:
1 genus, in Africa, Oceania, and South and
Southeast Asia
593:
flowers are consumed as a delicacy in South Africa; the
3066:
Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy)
2940:
1715:
360:. In this system, the alismatids are basal within the
1767:
1765:
1763:
256:, and some grow completely submerged. Apart from the
2986:. London: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Archived from
2960:. London: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Archived from
2704:
2631:
2590:
2485:
2442:
2395:
2338:
2277:
2208:
2141:
2100:
1997:
1913:
1860:
1819:
1807:
1795:
1783:
1754:
1742:
1674:
1379:
zones, with some species in the US, China and Japan
664:
plants (which are toxic when raw) as a staple crop.
3704:
3656:
3629:
3595:
3534:
3481:
3459:
3435:
3406:
3367:
3326:
3267:
3234:
3201:
3164:
1646:
Photosynthesis#C3 : C4 photosynthesis research
2540:, Potamogetonaceae, Flora of Tropical East Africa.
1730:
657:142 genera, worldwide, especially in the tropics
579:is from the Latin for "near (the hot springs at)
276:, and also the world's smallest flowering plant,
3005:Stearn's Dictionary of Plant Names for Gardeners
2795:Index of Eponymic Plant Names – Extended Edition
1446:2 genera, in temperate and subtropical sea beds
2984:"Monocots I: General Alismatids & Lilioids"
2381:, Juncaginaceae, Flora of Tropical East Africa.
305:: attached close to the base (of a plant or an
2897:; Leebens-Mack, James H. (December 27, 2010).
1983:, Alismataceae, Flora of Tropical East Africa.
799:6 genera, in tropical and warm temperate seas
321:: not woody; usually green and soft in texture
3096:
2127:, Rapateaceae, Flora of West Tropical Africa.
8:
2192:, Butomaceae, Flora of Tropical East Africa.
41:Duckweed; each speck is an individual plant.
3024:"Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Alismatales"
1522:List of plant family names with etymologies
433:plants with thin, sword-shaped leaves. The
426:1 genus, in North America, Europe and Asia
3635:
3603:
3465:
3443:
3414:
3375:
3273:
3231:
3209:
3172:
3103:
3089:
3081:
810:and fish that are harvested commercially.
371:
106:
47:
3042:Turland, N. J.; et al. (eds.).
2777:
2643:
2602:
2549:
2454:
2407:
2220:
2766:Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
1151:comes from Greek and Latin plant names.
2904:Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden
2153:
2057:
1925:
1872:
1843:
1771:
1667:
1533:
50:
2497:
2289:
2165:
2069:
2009:
1937:
1884:
1611:Each family's formal name ends in the
1544:(classification) in this list follows
1090:leaves. Genetically identical beds of
724:1 genus, in temperate Europe and Asia
272:, with the world's largest unbranched
867:is from the Greek for "water grace".
394:
385:
7:
2036:, Aponogetonaceae, Flora of Somalia.
400:
379:
198:For the other monocot families, see
2982:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (2010).
2760:Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016).
352:is the fourth in a series of plant
2867:. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press.
2705:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
2632:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
2591:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
2486:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
2443:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
2396:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
2339:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
2278:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
2263:, Cymodoceaceae, Flora of Somalia.
2209:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
2142:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
2101:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
1998:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
1914:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
1861:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
1820:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
1808:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
1796:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
1784:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
1755:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
1743:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
1675:Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017
395:Total genera; global distribution
14:
2941:"International Plant Names Index"
3813:
3812:
3781:
2744:
2732:
2716:
2683:
2671:
2655:
2614:
2573:
2561:
2537:
2525:
2509:
2466:
2419:
2378:
2366:
2350:
2317:
2301:
2260:
2248:
2232:
2189:
2177:
2124:
2112:
2081:
2045:
2033:
2021:
1980:
1965:
1949:
1896:
1703:
1506:
1475:
1466:
1408:
1399:
1329:
1320:
1246:
1237:
1179:
1170:
1116:
1107:
1041:
1032:
974:
965:
899:
890:
832:
823:
806:. They nourish and shelter many
753:
744:
686:
677:
619:
610:
544:
535:
463:
454:
69:Early-diverging flowering plants
34:
22:
1831:
1692:Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2016
654:comes from a Greek plant name.
498:comes from a Greek plant name.
423:comes from a Latin plant name.
213:are a group of 15 interrelated
1443:is from the Greek for "belt".
1299:Perennial aquatic plants. The
1012:1 genus, in eastern Australia
245:systems, leaves with parallel
1:
2686:, Tofieldiaceae, Neotropikey.
1371:4 genera, mostly in northern
1019:recede in eastern Australia.
233:, they usually have a single
2958:"Plants of the World Online"
1285:(1684–1738) and his brother
1001:(Maund's-arrowgrass family)
241:) in their seeds, scattered
2747:, Zosteraceae, Neotropikey.
1631:Some plants were named for
1086:Submerged plants with long
942:) is from the Latin for "a
290:glossary of botanical terms
268:. This family includes the
204:List of commelinid families
3875:
3844:Taxonomic lists (families)
2576:, Ruppiaceae, Neotropikey.
1663:
1559:Plants of the World Online
1556:for each family come from
1550:Angiosperm Phylogeny Group
358:Angiosperm Phylogeny Group
221:, named for their largest
197:
115:Dilleniales and Gunnerales
3790:
3779:
3638:
3606:
3468:
3446:
3417:
3378:
3276:
3230:
3212:
3175:
3124:
3028:Missouri Botanical Garden
2787:Burkhardt, Lotte (2018).
1635:(unless otherwise noted).
1430:
1351:
1268:
1216:Heinrich Bernhard Ruppius
1201:
1138:
1063:
996:
921:
854:
775:
708:
641:
571:(waterblommetjie family)
566:
485:
410:
187:Vitales and Zygophyllales
3003:Stearn, William (2002).
2838:Creative Commons license
1552:system. Total counts of
1356:(false-asphodel family)
1283:Johann Gaspar Scheuchzer
911:Hydrocharis morsus-ranae
713:(flowering-rush family)
556:Alisma plantago-aquatica
490:(water-plantain family)
200:List of lilioid families
3022:Stevens, P.F. (2023) .
2863:Coombes, Allen (2012).
2836:See the terms of their
2048:, Araceae, Neotropikey.
1053:Maundia triglochinoides
2514:Potamogetonaceae, Type
2306:Hydrocharitaceae, Type
1648:for the chemistry of C
1548:(2017) and the fourth
1341:Scheuchzeria palustris
1273:(Rannoch-rush family)
1270:Scheuchzeriaceae
1140:Potamogetonaceae
856:Hydrocharitaceae
780:(turtle-grass family)
2990:on September 14, 2015
1731:Royal Botanic Gardens
1303:leaves have parallel
870:14 genera, worldwide
631:Aponogeton distachyos
568:Aponogetonaceae
516:has been observed in
501:18 genera, worldwide
398:Description and uses
183:Nitrogen-fixing clade
1846:, Summary of APG IV.
1420:Tofieldia calyculata
1206:(tasselweed family)
1154:5 genera, worldwide
986:Triglochin palustris
936:for the type genus,
926:(arrowgrass family)
437:are essentially non-
415:(sweet-flag family)
3007:. London: Cassell.
2807:10.3372/epolist2018
2707:, pp. 127–128.
2660:Tofieldiaceae, Type
2617:, Scheuchzeriaceae.
2528:, Potamogetonaceae.
2488:, pp. 128–129.
2355:Juncaginaceae, Type
2341:, pp. 126–127.
2320:, Hydrocharitaceae.
2280:, pp. 123–125.
2237:Cymodoceaceae, Type
2103:, pp. 118–120.
1822:, pp. 117–131.
1810:, pp. 10, 117.
1798:, pp. 638–670.
1786:, pp. 117–120.
1757:, pp. 115–131.
1745:, pp. 115–116.
1716:Givnish et al. 2010
1546:Plants of the World
1292:1 genus, in arctic
777:Cymodoceaceae
376:
129:Basal superasterids
2887:Soltis, Douglas E.
2883:Givnish, Thomas J.
2024:, Aponogetonaceae.
1954:Alismataceae, Type
1435:(eelgrass family)
1191:Potamogeton natans
1143:(pondweed family)
1128:Posidonia oceanica
1092:Posidonia oceanica
1068:(tapeweed family)
765:Butomus umbellatus
406:Type genus images
374:Alismatid families
372:
368:Alismatid families
211:alismatid monocots
131:(and the asterids)
3826:
3825:
3796:Basal angiosperms
3777:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3765:
3764:
3761:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3611:Berberidopsidales
3591:
3590:
3587:
3586:
3363:
3362:
3359:
3358:
3014:978-0-304-36469-5
2974:See the terms of
2964:on March 22, 2017
2891:Soltis, Pamela S.
2874:978-1-60469-196-2
2855:978-0-226-52292-0
2816:978-3-946292-26-5
2779:10.1111/boj.12385
2721:Zosteraceae, Type
1497:
1496:
859:(frogbit family)
597:are also edible.
307:evolutionary tree
258:sweet-flag family
196:
195:
192:
191:
3866:
3816:
3815:
3785:
3636:
3604:
3466:
3444:
3415:
3376:
3274:
3232:
3210:
3192:Austrobaileyales
3173:
3151:Acrogymnospermae
3113:flowering plants
3105:
3098:
3091:
3082:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3057:
3055:
3053:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3018:
2999:
2997:
2995:
2973:
2971:
2969:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2878:
2859:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2800:
2783:
2781:
2748:
2742:
2736:
2730:
2724:
2714:
2708:
2702:
2687:
2681:
2675:
2674:, Tofieldiaceae.
2669:
2663:
2653:
2647:
2641:
2635:
2629:
2618:
2612:
2606:
2600:
2594:
2588:
2577:
2571:
2565:
2559:
2553:
2547:
2541:
2535:
2529:
2523:
2517:
2507:
2501:
2495:
2489:
2483:
2470:
2469:, Posidoniaceae.
2464:
2458:
2452:
2446:
2440:
2423:
2417:
2411:
2405:
2399:
2393:
2382:
2376:
2370:
2369:, Juncaginaceae.
2364:
2358:
2348:
2342:
2336:
2321:
2315:
2309:
2299:
2293:
2287:
2281:
2275:
2264:
2258:
2252:
2251:, Cymodoceaceae.
2246:
2240:
2230:
2224:
2218:
2212:
2206:
2193:
2187:
2181:
2175:
2169:
2163:
2157:
2151:
2145:
2139:
2128:
2122:
2116:
2110:
2104:
2098:
2089:
2079:
2073:
2067:
2061:
2055:
2049:
2043:
2037:
2031:
2025:
2019:
2013:
2007:
2001:
1995:
1984:
1978:
1969:
1963:
1957:
1947:
1941:
1935:
1929:
1923:
1917:
1911:
1900:
1894:
1888:
1882:
1876:
1870:
1864:
1858:
1847:
1841:
1835:
1829:
1823:
1817:
1811:
1805:
1799:
1793:
1787:
1781:
1775:
1769:
1758:
1752:
1746:
1740:
1734:
1728:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1701:
1695:
1689:
1678:
1672:
1653:
1642:
1636:
1629:
1623:
1609:
1603:
1538:
1516:
1511:
1510:
1479:
1470:
1449:Perennials with
1412:
1403:
1333:
1324:
1258:Ruppia polycarpa
1250:
1241:
1183:
1174:
1120:
1111:
1045:
1036:
978:
969:
903:
894:
844:Cymodocea nodosa
836:
827:
757:
748:
690:
681:
623:
614:
548:
539:
467:
458:
377:
375:
344:; not herbaceous
219:flowering plants
163:(and the rosids)
132:
107:
48:
38:
26:
3874:
3873:
3869:
3868:
3867:
3865:
3864:
3863:
3854:Lists of plants
3849:Gardening lists
3829:
3828:
3827:
3822:
3786:
3753:
3700:
3652:
3625:
3600:
3583:
3554:Crossosomatales
3530:
3477:
3455:
3440:
3431:
3411:
3402:
3393:Trochodendrales
3372:
3355:
3322:
3263:
3226:
3222:Ceratophyllales
3206:
3197:
3169:
3160:
3141:Marchantiophyta
3120:
3109:
3071:
3069:
3060:
3051:
3049:
3041:
3032:
3030:
3021:
3015:
3002:
2993:
2991:
2981:
2967:
2965:
2955:
2946:
2944:
2938:
2929:
2927:
2917:10.3417/2010023
2881:
2875:
2862:
2856:
2843:
2829:
2827:
2817:
2798:
2786:
2759:
2756:
2751:
2743:
2739:
2731:
2727:
2715:
2711:
2703:
2690:
2682:
2678:
2670:
2666:
2654:
2650:
2646:, p. T-26.
2642:
2638:
2630:
2621:
2613:
2609:
2605:, p. S-22.
2601:
2597:
2589:
2580:
2572:
2568:
2560:
2556:
2552:, p. R-55.
2548:
2544:
2536:
2532:
2524:
2520:
2508:
2504:
2496:
2492:
2484:
2473:
2465:
2461:
2457:, p. P-60.
2453:
2449:
2441:
2426:
2418:
2414:
2410:, p. M-34.
2406:
2402:
2394:
2385:
2377:
2373:
2365:
2361:
2349:
2345:
2337:
2324:
2316:
2312:
2300:
2296:
2288:
2284:
2276:
2267:
2259:
2255:
2247:
2243:
2231:
2227:
2223:, p. C-77.
2219:
2215:
2207:
2196:
2188:
2184:
2176:
2172:
2164:
2160:
2152:
2148:
2140:
2131:
2123:
2119:
2111:
2107:
2099:
2092:
2080:
2076:
2068:
2064:
2056:
2052:
2044:
2040:
2032:
2028:
2020:
2016:
2008:
2004:
1996:
1987:
1979:
1972:
1968:, Alismataceae.
1964:
1960:
1948:
1944:
1936:
1932:
1924:
1920:
1912:
1903:
1895:
1891:
1883:
1879:
1871:
1867:
1859:
1850:
1842:
1838:
1834:, art. 18.
1830:
1826:
1818:
1814:
1806:
1802:
1794:
1790:
1782:
1778:
1770:
1761:
1753:
1749:
1741:
1737:
1729:
1722:
1714:
1710:
1702:
1698:
1690:
1681:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1662:
1657:
1656:
1652:photosynthesis.
1651:
1643:
1639:
1630:
1626:
1610:
1606:
1539:
1535:
1530:
1512:
1505:
1502:
1493:
1492:
1491:
1490:
1482:
1481:
1480:
1472:
1471:
1434:
1426:
1425:
1424:
1423:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1405:
1404:
1355:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1344:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1326:
1325:
1272:
1264:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1243:
1242:
1205:
1197:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1186:
1185:
1184:
1176:
1175:
1142:
1134:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1113:
1112:
1080:, a Greek god.
1067:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1038:
1037:
1000:
992:
991:
990:
989:
981:
980:
979:
971:
970:
925:
917:
916:
915:
914:
906:
905:
904:
896:
895:
858:
850:
849:
848:
847:
839:
838:
837:
829:
828:
779:
771:
770:
769:
768:
760:
759:
758:
750:
749:
712:
704:
703:
702:
701:
693:
692:
691:
683:
682:
646:(aroid family)
645:
637:
636:
635:
634:
626:
625:
624:
616:
615:
570:
562:
561:
560:
559:
551:
550:
549:
541:
540:
513:
489:
481:
480:
479:
478:
470:
469:
468:
460:
459:
414:
373:
370:
286:
207:
121:
96:
63:
52:Flowering plant
46:
45:
44:
43:
42:
39:
31:
30:
27:
12:
11:
5:
3872:
3870:
3862:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3831:
3830:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3810:
3804:
3798:
3791:
3788:
3787:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3767:
3766:
3763:
3762:
3759:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3710:
3708:
3702:
3701:
3699:
3698:
3696:Paracryphiales
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3662:
3660:
3654:
3653:
3651:
3650:
3645:
3639:
3633:
3627:
3626:
3624:
3623:
3621:Caryophyllales
3618:
3613:
3607:
3601:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3589:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3540:
3538:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3487:
3485:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3475:
3469:
3463:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3453:
3447:
3441:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3424:
3418:
3412:
3407:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3379:
3373:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3357:
3356:
3354:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3332:
3330:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3320:
3314:
3308:
3302:
3296:
3290:
3284:
3277:
3271:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3240:
3238:
3228:
3227:
3225:
3224:
3219:
3213:
3207:
3204:Mesangiosperms
3202:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3195:
3189:
3183:
3176:
3170:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3159:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3146:Polypodiophyta
3143:
3138:
3133:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3110:
3108:
3107:
3100:
3093:
3085:
3079:
3078:
3058:
3039:
3019:
3013:
3000:
2979:
2953:
2936:
2911:(4): 584–616.
2879:
2873:
2860:
2854:
2841:
2815:
2784:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2737:
2735:, Zosteraceae.
2725:
2709:
2688:
2676:
2664:
2648:
2644:Burkhardt 2018
2636:
2634:, p. 121.
2619:
2607:
2603:Burkhardt 2018
2595:
2593:, p. 125.
2578:
2566:
2554:
2550:Burkhardt 2018
2542:
2530:
2518:
2502:
2500:, p. 247.
2490:
2471:
2459:
2455:Burkhardt 2018
2447:
2445:, p. 130.
2424:
2422:, Maundiaceae.
2412:
2408:Burkhardt 2018
2400:
2398:, p. 127.
2383:
2371:
2359:
2343:
2322:
2310:
2294:
2292:, p. 170.
2282:
2265:
2253:
2241:
2225:
2221:Burkhardt 2018
2213:
2211:, p. 131.
2194:
2182:
2170:
2158:
2146:
2144:, p. 123.
2129:
2117:
2105:
2090:
2074:
2062:
2050:
2038:
2026:
2014:
2002:
2000:, p. 126.
1985:
1970:
1958:
1942:
1930:
1918:
1916:, p. 122.
1901:
1889:
1877:
1865:
1863:, p. 117.
1848:
1836:
1824:
1812:
1800:
1788:
1776:
1759:
1747:
1735:
1720:
1718:, p. 585.
1708:
1696:
1679:
1666:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1654:
1649:
1637:
1624:
1604:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1524:
1518:
1517:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1487:Zostera marina
1484:
1483:
1474:
1473:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1462:
1461:
1459:
1454:
1447:
1444:
1436:
1428:
1427:
1417:
1416:
1407:
1406:
1398:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1387:
1380:
1369:
1366:Thomas Tofield
1364:was named for
1357:
1349:
1348:
1338:
1337:
1328:
1327:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1308:
1297:
1290:
1281:was named for
1274:
1266:
1265:
1255:
1254:
1245:
1244:
1236:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1214:was named for
1207:
1199:
1198:
1188:
1187:
1178:
1177:
1169:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1144:
1136:
1135:
1125:
1124:
1115:
1114:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1095:
1084:
1081:
1076:was named for
1069:
1061:
1060:
1050:
1049:
1040:
1039:
1031:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1020:
1013:
1010:
1002:
994:
993:
983:
982:
973:
972:
964:
963:
962:
961:
960:
958:
953:
950:
947:
946:-like plant".
927:
919:
918:
908:
907:
898:
897:
889:
888:
887:
886:
885:
883:
878:
871:
868:
860:
852:
851:
841:
840:
831:
830:
822:
821:
820:
819:
818:
816:
811:
800:
797:
792:, a Greek sea
788:was named for
781:
773:
772:
762:
761:
752:
751:
743:
742:
741:
740:
739:
737:
732:
725:
722:
714:
706:
705:
698:Arum maculatum
695:
694:
685:
684:
676:
675:
674:
673:
672:
670:
665:
658:
655:
647:
639:
638:
628:
627:
618:
617:
609:
608:
607:
606:
605:
603:
598:
587:
584:
572:
564:
563:
553:
552:
543:
542:
534:
533:
532:
531:
530:
528:
523:
514:photosynthesis
511:
502:
499:
491:
483:
482:
475:Acorus calamus
472:
471:
462:
461:
453:
452:
451:
450:
449:
447:
442:
427:
424:
416:
408:
407:
404:
399:
396:
393:
384:
369:
366:
346:
345:
335:
322:
316:
310:
300:
285:
282:
194:
193:
190:
189:
165:
164:
151:
150:
144:Basal asterids
134:
133:
118:
117:
111:Basal eudicots
98:
97:
93:
92:
72:
71:
65:
64:
60:
59:
40:
33:
32:
28:
21:
20:
19:
18:
17:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3871:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3819:
3811:
3809:
3805:
3803:
3799:
3797:
3793:
3792:
3789:
3784:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3719:Metteniusales
3717:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3707:
3703:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3676:Escalloniales
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3663:
3661:
3659:
3655:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3628:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3605:
3602:
3599:
3598:Superasterids
3594:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3537:
3533:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3491:Zygophyllales
3489:
3488:
3486:
3484:
3480:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3458:
3452:
3449:
3448:
3445:
3442:
3439:
3434:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3419:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3409:Core eudicots
3405:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3371:
3366:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3329:
3325:
3318:
3315:
3312:
3309:
3306:
3303:
3300:
3297:
3294:
3293:Petrosaviales
3291:
3288:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3266:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3237:
3233:
3229:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3217:Chloranthales
3215:
3214:
3211:
3208:
3205:
3200:
3193:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3181:
3178:
3177:
3174:
3171:
3168:
3163:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3131:
3127:
3126:
3123:
3118:
3114:
3106:
3101:
3099:
3094:
3092:
3087:
3086:
3083:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3047:
3046:
3040:
3029:
3025:
3020:
3016:
3010:
3006:
3001:
2989:
2985:
2980:
2977:
2976:their license
2963:
2959:
2956:POWO (2019).
2954:
2942:
2939:IPNI (2022).
2937:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2905:
2900:
2896:
2895:Thiele, Kevin
2892:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2870:
2866:
2861:
2857:
2851:
2847:
2842:
2839:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2796:
2792:
2791:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2758:
2757:
2753:
2746:
2741:
2738:
2734:
2729:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2713:
2710:
2706:
2701:
2699:
2697:
2695:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2680:
2677:
2673:
2668:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2652:
2649:
2645:
2640:
2637:
2633:
2628:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2611:
2608:
2604:
2599:
2596:
2592:
2587:
2585:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2570:
2567:
2564:, Ruppiaceae.
2563:
2558:
2555:
2551:
2546:
2543:
2539:
2534:
2531:
2527:
2522:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2506:
2503:
2499:
2494:
2491:
2487:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2463:
2460:
2456:
2451:
2448:
2444:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2416:
2413:
2409:
2404:
2401:
2397:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2375:
2372:
2368:
2363:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2347:
2344:
2340:
2335:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2298:
2295:
2291:
2286:
2283:
2279:
2274:
2272:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2257:
2254:
2250:
2245:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2229:
2226:
2222:
2217:
2214:
2210:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2186:
2183:
2180:, Butomaceae.
2179:
2174:
2171:
2168:, p. 73.
2167:
2162:
2159:
2156:, p. 72.
2155:
2150:
2147:
2143:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2121:
2118:
2114:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2086:Araceae, Type
2083:
2078:
2075:
2072:, p. 53.
2071:
2066:
2063:
2060:, p. 52.
2059:
2054:
2051:
2047:
2042:
2039:
2035:
2030:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2015:
2012:, p. 48.
2011:
2006:
2003:
1999:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1977:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1962:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1946:
1943:
1940:, p. 38.
1939:
1934:
1931:
1928:, p. 36.
1927:
1922:
1919:
1915:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1893:
1890:
1887:, p. 30.
1886:
1881:
1878:
1875:, p. 30.
1874:
1869:
1866:
1862:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1840:
1837:
1833:
1828:
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1514:Plants portal
1509:
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1381:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1368:(1730–1779).
1367:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1353:Tofieldiaceae
1350:
1343:
1342:
1332:
1323:
1314:
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1226:
1223:
1220:
1218:(1688–1719).
1217:
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1065:Posidoniaceae
1062:
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1021:
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948:
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928:
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923:Juncaginaceae
920:
913:
912:
902:
893:
884:
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879:
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380:Family and a
378:
367:
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350:APG IV system
343:
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274:inflorescence
271:
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229:. Like other
228:
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124:Superasterids
120:
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62:
61:
57:
53:
49:
37:
25:
16:
3666:Aquifoliales
3559:Picramniales
3521:Cucurbitales
3501:Malpighiales
3451:Saxifragales
3383:Ranunculales
3351:Zingiberales
3346:Commelinales
3299:Dioscoreales
3180:Amborellales
3156:Angiospermae
3070:. Retrieved
3065:
3052:February 25,
3050:. Retrieved
3044:
3031:. Retrieved
3004:
2992:. Retrieved
2988:the original
2966:. Retrieved
2962:the original
2945:. Retrieved
2928:. Retrieved
2908:
2902:
2864:
2845:
2828:. Retrieved
2794:
2789:
2769:
2765:
2740:
2728:
2712:
2679:
2667:
2651:
2639:
2610:
2598:
2569:
2557:
2545:
2533:
2521:
2505:
2493:
2462:
2450:
2415:
2403:
2374:
2362:
2346:
2313:
2297:
2285:
2256:
2244:
2228:
2216:
2185:
2173:
2161:
2154:Coombes 2012
2149:
2120:
2108:
2077:
2065:
2058:Coombes 2012
2053:
2041:
2029:
2017:
2005:
1961:
1945:
1933:
1926:Coombes 2012
1921:
1899:, Acoraceae.
1892:
1880:
1873:Coombes 2012
1868:
1844:Stevens 2023
1839:
1827:
1815:
1803:
1791:
1779:
1772:Stevens 2023
1750:
1738:
1711:
1699:
1670:
1640:
1627:
1618:
1607:
1564:POWO license
1557:
1545:
1536:
1485:
1438:
1418:
1359:
1339:
1287:Johann Jacob
1278:Scheuchzeria
1276:
1256:
1209:
1189:
1146:
1126:
1091:
1071:
1051:
1017:water tables
1004:
984:
937:
932:(an earlier
929:
909:
862:
842:
803:
783:
763:
716:
696:
649:
629:
574:
554:
517:
493:
487:Alismataceae
473:
418:
347:
287:
266:aroid family
251:
208:
168:
161:Saxifragales
154:
137:
122:
101:
81:
76:
15:
3859:Alismatales
3839:Etymologies
3734:Gentianales
3729:Boraginales
3658:Campanulids
3574:Brassicales
3496:Celastrales
3438:Superrosids
3427:Dilleniales
3328:Commelinids
3317:Asparagales
3287:Alismatales
3259:Magnoliales
3186:Nymphaeales
3167:Angiosperms
3128:Supergroup
3072:October 29,
3033:October 22,
2994:October 19,
2968:October 23,
2947:October 21,
2930:October 23,
2772:(1): 1–20.
2498:Stearn 2002
2290:Stearn 2002
2166:Stearn 2002
2070:Stearn 2002
2010:Stearn 2002
1938:Stearn 2002
1885:Stearn 2002
1633:naturalists
1566:.) Extinct
1562:. (See the
1457:Alismatales
1432:Zosteraceae
1390:Alismatales
1384:rhizomatous
1382:Herbaceous
1311:Alismatales
1228:Alismatales
1161:Alismatales
1148:Potamogeton
1098:Alismatales
1023:Alismatales
998:Maundiaceae
956:Alismatales
881:Alismatales
864:Hydrocharis
814:Alismatales
808:crustaceans
735:Alismatales
668:Alismatales
601:Alismatales
526:Alismatales
504:Herbaceous
429:Herbaceous
382:common name
340:: hard and
227:Alismatales
156:Superrosids
86:Commelinids
3833:Categories
3802:Alismatids
3714:Icacinales
3691:Dipsacales
3616:Santalales
3569:Huerteales
3564:Sapindales
3544:Geraniales
3506:Oxalidales
3422:Gunnerales
3305:Pandanales
3244:Canellales
3236:Magnoliids
3111:Orders of
2830:January 1,
2754:References
2115:, Araceae.
1602:families.
1203:Ruppiaceae
939:Triglochin
710:Butomaceae
576:Aponogeton
519:Sagittaria
387:Type genus
354:taxonomies
319:herbaceous
270:titan arum
148:Euasterids
82:Alismatids
54:families (
29:Titan arum
3749:Vahliales
3744:Solanales
3724:Garryales
3681:Bruniales
3671:Asterales
3388:Proteales
3249:Piperales
3136:Bryophyta
2825:187926901
1660:Citations
1592:pineapple
1588:asparagus
1361:Tofieldia
1073:Posidonia
804:Cymodocea
785:Cymodocea
412:Acoraceae
391:etymology
356:from the
342:lignified
327:: not an
325:perennial
288:From the
239:cotyledon
235:embryonic
175:COM clade
3818:Category
3808:Lilioids
3739:Lamiales
3648:Ericales
3643:Cornales
3631:Asterids
3579:Malvales
3549:Myrtales
3370:Eudicots
3336:Arecales
3311:Liliales
3281:Acorales
3269:Monocots
3254:Laurales
2925:15036227
1542:taxonomy
1500:See also
1294:sphagnum
1078:Poseidon
875:invasive
790:Cymodoce
445:Acorales
439:vascular
435:rhizomes
431:aromatic
362:monocots
333:biennial
309:diagram)
284:Glossary
278:duckweed
262:invasive
243:vascular
231:monocots
215:families
139:Asterids
103:Eudicots
90:Lilioids
77:Monocots
3706:Lamiids
3686:Apiales
3536:Malvids
3526:Fagales
3516:Rosales
3511:Fabales
3473:Vitales
3398:Buxales
1615:suffix
1440:Zostera
1377:montane
1006:Maundia
934:synonym
930:Juncago
718:Butomus
643:Araceae
313:climber
254:aquatic
179:Malvids
3483:Fabids
3461:Rosids
3341:Poales
3117:APG IV
3011:
2923:
2871:
2852:
2823:
2813:
2797:]
1584:ginger
1580:banana
1554:genera
1451:simple
1373:boreal
1301:linear
1211:Ruppia
1088:linear
595:tubers
581:Aponus
495:Alisma
420:Acorus
329:annual
297:annual
237:leaf (
170:Rosids
56:APG IV
3130:Plant
2921:S2CID
2821:S2CID
2799:(pdf)
2793:[
1619:aceae
1613:Latin
1600:onion
1596:sedge
1572:grass
1528:Notes
1305:veins
1296:bogs
794:nymph
729:latex
506:latex
402:Order
338:woody
303:basal
247:veins
223:order
3074:2022
3054:2022
3035:2022
3009:ISBN
2996:2022
2970:2022
2949:2022
2932:2022
2869:ISBN
2850:ISBN
2832:2021
2811:ISBN
2745:POWO
2733:POWO
2717:IPNI
2684:POWO
2672:POWO
2656:USDA
2615:POWO
2574:POWO
2562:POWO
2538:POWO
2526:POWO
2510:IPNI
2467:POWO
2420:POWO
2379:POWO
2367:POWO
2351:USDA
2318:POWO
2302:IPNI
2261:POWO
2249:POWO
2233:IPNI
2190:POWO
2178:POWO
2125:POWO
2113:POWO
2082:IPNI
2046:POWO
2034:POWO
2022:POWO
1981:POWO
1966:POWO
1950:IPNI
1897:POWO
1704:POWO
1644:See
1598:and
1576:palm
1568:taxa
1540:The
1375:and
944:rush
662:taro
651:Arum
389:and
348:The
209:The
202:and
2913:doi
2803:doi
2774:doi
2770:181
1832:ICN
583:".
331:or
280:.
217:of
3835::
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3026:.
2919:.
2909:97
2907:.
2901:.
2893:;
2889:;
2819:.
2809:.
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2764:.
2719:,
2691:^
2658:,
2622:^
2581:^
2512:,
2474:^
2427:^
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2325:^
2304:,
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1988:^
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1952:,
1904:^
1851:^
1762:^
1723:^
1682:^
1594:,
1590:,
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796:.
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364:.
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185:•
181:•
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2239:.
2088:.
1956:.
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79::
58:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
