169:
341:
132:
680:
883:
531:
928:
1479:
971:
715:
923:
943:
1211:
953:
948:
913:
508:
1484:
526:
1489:
918:
659:(Rodentia: Caviomorpha), an extinct megafaunal rodent from the Anguilla Bank, West Indies: estimates and implications"
555:
938:
933:
876:
1494:
1443:
1149:
976:
1474:
1451:
1299:
1144:
520:
456:
1391:
1293:
1081:
314:
1310:
1064:
1058:
1040:
1028:
467:
450:
830:
Sánchez-Villagra, M. R.; Aguilera, O.; Horovitz, I. (2003). "The anatomy of the world's largest rodent".
1250:
1022:
908:
869:
654:
356:
583:"The evolution of fossoriality and the adaptive role of horns in the Mylagaulidae (Mammalia: Rodentia)"
1421:
1415:
1327:
1321:
1285:
1274:
1262:
1118:
1100:
1052:
1034:
998:
992:
486:
281:
1167:
1004:
423:
76:
1372:
1358:
1341:
1256:
1219:
1187:
1046:
1016:
812:
503:
480:
1409:
1403:
1397:
1333:
1268:
1231:
1205:
1199:
1193:
1138:
847:
762:
711:
612:
168:
368:
Probably under 280 kg (620 lb); earlier estimates up to 700 kg (1,500 lb)
1383:
1366:
1076:
1070:
839:
802:
752:
744:
602:
594:
498:
418:
307:
1347:
1132:
1088:
631:
462:
1225:
1181:
1175:
1156:
1126:
757:
732:
607:
582:
428:
69:
1468:
433:
1242:
1010:
439:
340:
216:
140:
131:
445:
222:
207:
125:
105:
95:
791:"When teeth and bones disagree: Body mass estimation of a giant extinct rodent"
807:
790:
473:
349:
274:
177:
28:
843:
379:
851:
766:
748:
616:
598:
559:
861:
333:
321:
288:
247:
162:
816:
238:
158:
91:
21:
893:
257:
191:
114:
17:
653:
Biknevicius, A. R.; McFarlane, Donald A.; MacPhee, R. D. E. (1993).
632:"Three new giant prehistoric rats from Flores Lesser Sunda Islands"
253:
681:"I roditori Pleistocenici della Grotta di Spinagallo (Siracusa)"
865:
642:(21). Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden: 299–316.
1025: (quolls, dunnarts, and other Australian carnivores)
387:
A giant rodent, to 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) long
1296: (kangaroos, wallabies, bettongs, and potoroos)
558:. Yukon Beringia Interpretive Centre. Archived from
1435:
1382:
1357:
1309:
1284:
1241:
1166:
1117:
1110:
985:
964:
901:
731:Rinderknecht, Andrés; Blanco, R. Ernesto (2008).
549:
547:
995: (golden moles, otter shrews, and tenrecs)
1202: (badgers, martens, otters, and weasels)
877:
219:group of rodents resembling large guinea pigs
8:
1129: (antelope, sheep, goats, and cattle)
1114:
884:
870:
862:
710:. Columbia University Press. p. 274.
38:
806:
784:
782:
780:
778:
776:
756:
606:
1141: (whales, dolphins, and porpoises)
789:Millien, Virginie; Bovy, Helene (2010).
706:Kurtén, Björn; Anderson, Elaine (1980).
1222: (raccoons, coatis, and kinkajous)
1208: (seals, sea lions, and walruses)
1037: (kangaroos, possums, and wombats)
543:
31:(rabbits and hares) are not included.
7:
1302: (possums, gliders, and cuscus)
1043: (hedgehogs, moles, and shrews)
708:Pleistocene Mammals of North America
40:Exceptionally large extinct rodents
27:Species from related groups such as
737:Proceedings of the Royal Society B
587:Proceedings of the Royal Society B
14:
1253: (Old World leaf-nosed bats)
1049: (hares, rabbits, and pikas)
399:Late Miocene to Early Pleistocene
1214: (seals and stem-relatives)
1196: (skunks and stink badgers)
581:Hopkins, Samantha S. B. (2005).
339:
167:
130:
554:Harington, C. R. (March 1996).
227:Up to 200 kg (440 lb)
122:Up to 100 kg (220 lb)
1344: (hedgehogs and gymnures)
1061: (bandicoots and bilbies)
1:
532:Rodent extinctions since 1500
330:1,500 kg (3,300 lb)
1324: (white-toothed shrews)
1073: (anteaters and sloths)
1001: (even-toed ungulates)
733:"The largest fossil rodent"
1511:
1336: (red-toothed shrews)
1159: (pigs and peccaries)
1067: (odd-toed ungulates)
509:Verhoeven's giant tree rat
1369: (hares and rabbits)
1350: (moles and desmans)
1234: (civets and genets)
972:Monotremes and marsupials
965:By subclass or infraclass
808:10.1644/08-mamm-a-347r1.1
666:American Museum Novitates
296:100 kg (220 lb)
82:An extinct beaver species
1480:Lists of extinct animals
1271: (free-tailed bats)
1265: (bent-winged bats)
1178: (wolves and foxes)
636:Zoologische Mededelingen
457:Conilurus capricornensis
263:113 g (4.0 oz)
1055: (elephant shrews)
844:10.1126/science.1089332
630:Hooijer, D. A. (1957).
393:Perhaps 70% of size of
324:', largest known rodent
1330: (African shrews)
1277: (horseshoe bats)
1212:Fossil pinnipedimorphs
749:10.1098/rspb.2007.1645
599:10.1098/rspb.2005.3171
451:Hispaniolan edible rat
154:Smallest horned mammal
1412:(lorises and galagos)
1111:By suborder or family
929:critically endangered
679:Petronio, C. (1970).
562:on September 14, 2007
85:Western North America
795:Journal of Mammalogy
362:A horse-sized rodent
336:to Early Pleistocene
1485:Prehistoric rodents
1418:(New World monkeys)
1394:(Old World monkeys)
657:Amblyrhiza inundata
593:(1573): 1705–1713.
527:Prehistoric rodents
468:Buhler's coryphomys
57:Approx. max. weight
41:
24:− no longer alive.
1490:Paleontology lists
1455: (brown bear)
1259: (fruit bats)
1103: (treeshrews)
1019: (armadillos)
1007: (carnivores)
504:Puerto Rican hutia
481:Pennatomys nivalis
408:Extinct after 1500
357:P. pattersoni
39:
1462:
1461:
1431:
1430:
1190: (mongooses)
977:Placental mammals
838:(5640): 1708–10.
743:(1637): 923–928.
487:Desmarest's hutia
405:
404:
282:N. pinckneyi
20:species that are
1502:
1495:Lists of mammals
1300:Phalangeriformes
1115:
1031: (opossums)
924:recently extinct
886:
879:
872:
863:
856:
855:
827:
821:
820:
810:
786:
771:
770:
760:
728:
722:
721:
703:
697:
695:
685:
676:
670:
669:
663:
650:
644:
643:
627:
621:
620:
610:
578:
572:
571:
569:
567:
551:
499:Insular cave rat
424:Torre's cave rat
419:Oriente cave rat
343:
308:Josephoartigasia
188:A large cave rat
171:
134:
42:
16:This list is of
1510:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1500:
1499:
1475:Extinct rodents
1465:
1464:
1463:
1458:
1427:
1392:Cercopithecoids
1378:
1353:
1305:
1294:Macropodiformes
1280:
1237:
1162:
1106:
981:
960:
944:near threatened
897:
890:
860:
859:
829:
828:
824:
788:
787:
774:
730:
729:
725:
718:
705:
704:
700:
683:
678:
677:
673:
661:
652:
651:
647:
629:
628:
624:
580:
579:
575:
565:
563:
553:
552:
545:
540:
521:Extinct rodents
517:
495:
415:
410:
199:Extinct by 1500
77:C. californicus
37:
12:
11:
5:
1508:
1506:
1498:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1467:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1448:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1425:
1419:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1395:
1388:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1376:
1370:
1363:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1351:
1345:
1339:
1338:
1337:
1331:
1325:
1315:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1297:
1290:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1278:
1272:
1266:
1260:
1257:Megachiroptera
1254:
1247:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1229:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1203:
1197:
1191:
1185:
1179:
1172:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1136:
1130:
1123:
1121:
1112:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1074:
1068:
1065:Perissodactyls
1062:
1059:Peramelemorphs
1056:
1050:
1044:
1041:Eulipotyphlans
1038:
1032:
1029:Didelphimorphs
1026:
1020:
1014:
1008:
1002:
996:
989:
987:
983:
982:
980:
979:
974:
968:
966:
962:
961:
959:
958:
957:
956:
954:data deficient
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
905:
903:
899:
898:
891:
889:
888:
881:
874:
866:
858:
857:
822:
772:
723:
716:
698:
671:
655:"Body size in
645:
622:
573:
556:"Giant beaver"
542:
541:
539:
536:
535:
534:
529:
524:
516:
513:
512:
511:
506:
501:
494:
491:
490:
489:
484:
477:
470:
465:
460:
453:
448:
443:
436:
431:
429:Imposter hutia
426:
421:
414:
411:
409:
406:
403:
402:
400:
397:
391:
388:
385:
383:
375:
374:
372:
369:
366:
363:
360:
353:
345:
344:
337:
331:
328:
325:
318:
315:J. monesi
311:
303:
302:
300:
297:
294:
291:
285:
278:
270:
269:
267:
264:
261:
250:
244:
242:
234:
233:
231:
228:
225:
220:
213:
211:
203:
202:
200:
197:
194:
189:
186:
181:
173:
172:
165:
155:
152:
149:
148:Horned gophers
146:
144:
136:
135:
128:
123:
120:
117:
111:
109:
101:
100:
98:
88:
86:
83:
80:
73:
65:
64:
61:
58:
55:
52:
49:
46:
36:
33:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1507:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1454:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1375: (pikas)
1374:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1356:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1286:Diprotodontia
1283:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1251:Hipposiderids
1249:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1233:
1230:
1228: (bears)
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1109:
1102:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1023:Dasyuromorphs
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
990:
988:
984:
978:
975:
973:
970:
969:
967:
963:
955:
952:
950:
949:least concern
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
911:
910:
907:
906:
904:
900:
895:
887:
882:
880:
875:
873:
868:
867:
864:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
826:
823:
818:
814:
809:
804:
800:
796:
792:
785:
783:
781:
779:
777:
773:
768:
764:
759:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
727:
724:
719:
717:0-231-03733-3
713:
709:
702:
699:
693:
689:
682:
675:
672:
668:(3079): 1–26.
667:
660:
658:
649:
646:
641:
637:
633:
626:
623:
618:
614:
609:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
577:
574:
561:
557:
550:
548:
544:
537:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:– all periods
522:
519:
518:
514:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
496:
492:
488:
485:
483:
482:
478:
476:
475:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
458:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
441:
437:
435:
434:Montane hutia
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
416:
412:
407:
401:
398:
396:
395:P. pattersoni
392:
390:South America
389:
386:
384:
382:
381:
377:
376:
373:
370:
367:
365:North America
364:
361:
359:
358:
354:
352:
351:
347:
346:
342:
338:
335:
332:
329:
327:South America
326:
323:
319:
317:
316:
312:
310:
309:
305:
304:
301:
298:
295:
293:North America
292:
290:
286:
284:
283:
279:
277:
276:
272:
271:
268:
265:
262:
259:
255:
251:
249:
245:
243:
241:
240:
236:
235:
232:
229:
226:
224:
221:
218:
214:
212:
209:
205:
204:
201:
198:
195:
193:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
179:
175:
174:
170:
166:
164:
160:
156:
153:
151:North America
150:
147:
145:
143:
142:
138:
137:
133:
129:
127:
124:
121:
119:North America
118:
116:
112:
110:
108:
107:
103:
102:
99:
97:
93:
89:
87:
84:
81:
79:
78:
74:
72:
71:
67:
66:
62:
59:
56:
53:
50:
47:
44:
43:
34:
32:
30:
25:
23:
19:
1452:Ursus arctos
1450:
1447: (wolf)
1442:
1422:Tarsiiformes
1416:Platyrrhines
1328:Myosoricines
1322:Crocidurines
1311:Eulipotyphla
1275:Rhinolophids
1263:Miniopterids
1184: (cats)
1135: (deer)
1119:Artiodactyla
1101:Scandentians
1093:
1053:Macroscelids
1035:Diprotodonts
1013: (bats)
1011:Chiropterans
999:Artiodactyls
993:Afrosoricids
835:
831:
825:
801:(1): 11–18.
798:
794:
740:
736:
726:
707:
701:
696:(in Italian)
691:
687:
674:
665:
656:
648:
639:
635:
625:
590:
586:
576:
564:. Retrieved
560:the original
493:17th century
479:
472:
463:Samaná hutia
455:
440:Megaoryzomys
438:
413:16th century
394:
378:
355:
348:
313:
306:
280:
273:
237:
217:paraphyletic
208:Giant hutias
184:S. florensis
183:
176:
141:Ceratogaulus
139:
104:
75:
68:
60:Stratigraphy
26:
15:
1444:Canis lupus
1005:Carnivorans
919:prehistoric
446:Cuban coney
299:Pleistocene
266:Pleistocene
230:Pleistocene
223:West Indies
126:Pleistocene
106:Castoroides
96:Pleistocene
35:Before 1500
1469:Categories
1436:By species
1424:(tarsiers)
1373:Ochotonids
1359:Lagomorpha
1342:Erinaceids
1243:Chiroptera
1220:Procyonids
1188:Herpestids
1047:Lagomorphs
1017:Cingulates
939:vulnerable
934:endangered
694:: 149–194.
538:References
474:Noronhomys
350:Phoberomys
275:Neochoerus
178:Spelaeomys
29:Lagomorpha
1410:Lorisoids
1404:Lemuroids
1398:Hominoids
1334:Soricines
1318:Soricids
1269:Molossids
1232:Viverrids
1206:Pinnipeds
1200:Mustelids
1194:Mephitids
1168:Carnivora
1139:Cetaceans
892:Lists of
688:Geol. Rom
380:Telicomys
94:to Early
1406:(lemurs)
1384:Primates
1367:Leporids
1077:Primates
1071:Pilosans
986:By order
902:By class
852:14500978
817:27755167
767:18198140
617:16087426
515:See also
334:Pliocene
322:pacarana
289:capybara
287:A large
252:Europe (
248:dormouse
246:A giant
163:Pliocene
54:Location
1348:Talpids
1150:extinct
1133:Cervids
1094:extinct
1089:Rodents
909:Mammals
896:species
832:Science
758:2599941
608:1559849
371:Miocene
320:'Giant
239:Leithia
159:Miocene
115:beavers
92:Miocene
48:Species
22:extinct
1400:(apes)
1226:Ursids
1182:Felids
1176:Canids
1157:Suines
1145:Arctic
1127:Bovids
1082:fossil
914:marine
894:mammal
850:
815:
765:
755:
714:
615:
605:
566:3 July
258:Sicily
192:Flores
113:Giant
70:Castor
63:Image
18:rodent
813:JSTOR
684:(PDF)
662:(PDF)
254:Malta
157:Late
90:Late
51:Notes
45:Genus
848:PMID
763:PMID
712:ISBN
613:PMID
568:2014
840:doi
836:301
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