1393:
1383:
648:
Italian, a fluctuation in pitch, volume, or both, generally applied to vocal music. Later used for left-hand technique on bowed strings, and with breath vibrato on wind instruments. It is either used constantly or used as an ornament, depending on repertoire. When used as an ornament, it is generally
653:
discussed it as one of the four Graces. There are many terms which can be understood to refer to what is now called vibrato. It is believed that vibrato has been used in
European music since medieval times, and went through several cycles of
46:. Sometimes different symbols represent the same ornament, or vice versa. Different ornament names can refer to an ornament from a specific area or time period. Understanding these ornaments is important for
50:
and understanding the subtleties of different types of music. This list is intended to give basic information on ornaments, with description and illustrations where possible. Ornaments are used in
669:. A distinctive ornament of some Native American flutes, particularly traditional flutes, that is created by steady breath pressure on the fundamental note of the instrument. A
628:, a rapid alternation in pitch, generally from a main pitch and one a step or half-step above or below it. There can be differently-named variations within this general type.
307:
was a big proponent of its use. Consists of a dotted figure used to fill in or expand an interval or connect two longer notes. Generally improvised or written out literally.
703:
472:: Means "ornamented note", from Sanskrit. Gamaks involve the variation of pitch of a note, using heavy forceful oscillations between adjacent and distant notes.
454:
ornament meaning to play a note as written, then descend in pitch without emphasizing specific notes (approximating a downward glissando with no ending pitch).
693:
Kreitner, Kenneth; Jambou, Louis; Hunter, Desmond; Carter, Stewart A.; Peterwalls; Ng, Kah-Ming; Schulenberg, David; Brown, Clive (2001). "Ornaments". In
826:
716:
490:: Music notation used to denote several kinds of musical ornaments, usually an appoggiatura or an acciaccatura, depending on interpretation.
47:
1292:
784:
Grove, "Accentuirte
Brechung", "Ornaments, §8(v): German baroque: The later 17th and early 18th centuries (g) Other ornaments".
819:
260:
1422:
331:, particularly in Baroque and Classical music. May be notated or improvised. Often used to express a "yearning" emotion.
281:
prepared by an accented note. Generally indicated by a trill sign (jagged line) with a descending line at the beginning.
1327:
1191:
698:
271:, indicated by a half circle or "C" in front of a note. This ornament was continued in French Baroque ornament tables.
19:
1396:
1287:
1262:
1053:
812:
521:: Ornament indicating that the note is to be played with a single rapid alternation with the note above or below.
346:
342:
324:
300:
1297:
1247:
1136:
1043:
589:
649:
improvised, although some 17th-century
English and French sources indicate a dot over a note should be used.
571:
426:
1386:
1257:
51:
1417:
936:
1368:
1232:
931:
665:
568:
di gola: Trill on a long-short dotted rhythm accelerating to end on either a tremolo or a regular trill.
377:
is an ornament in
Hindustani music that consists of a gentle oscillation of pitch around a musical note
1063:
861:
708:
1302:
1282:
263:. It was used to indicate an ornament until the 18th century. In German Baroque music it occurs in
548:
954:
387:
that is played or sung one note after the other, rather than all of the notes at the same time.
1348:
1096:
712:
288:
67:
1307:
1111:
1086:
1038:
911:
835:
650:
296:
26:
1201:
1196:
1081:
1048:
964:
374:
83:
1358:
1332:
1071:
926:
531:
457:
304:
255:
1411:
1363:
1222:
1141:
1013:
969:
906:
886:
843:
694:
612:
421:
403:
384:
327:
note, followed by a consonant resolution, generally by step downward. Very common in
292:
55:
43:
35:
673:
occurs between different harmonics of the note, an effect that can be observed on a
1277:
1267:
1242:
1153:
1116:
1018:
1006:
996:
959:
946:
896:
674:
631:
359:
338:
311:
1353:
1227:
1206:
1183:
1168:
981:
916:
891:
866:
670:
438:
79:
1252:
1126:
991:
986:
543:
487:
328:
264:
71:
59:
1322:
1312:
1272:
1237:
1121:
881:
565:
481:
475:
63:
687:
If a full citation is not given, no author was given for the Grove article.
1173:
1158:
1001:
976:
553:
416:
380:
39:
1148:
1131:
1106:
1091:
1076:
1033:
876:
644:
606:
518:
1163:
1101:
1028:
856:
851:
601:
579:: To 'rob' part of the duration from one note and give it to another.
576:
500:
398:
31:
804:
1317:
1023:
921:
901:
512:
469:
75:
871:
451:
808:
89:
515:: A glide from one note to another in Hindustani music.
355:. Sometimes indicated by a slash between two noteheads.
259:
can refer to any stressed or emphasized note, such as
86:
from the eastern and
Southern Hemisphere continents.
30:
are a decorative embellishment to music, either to a
287:
Italian, a popular vocal ornament, used in the late
1341:
1215:
1182:
1062:
945:
842:
704:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
402:is a type of vibrato used on the clavichord, a
820:
323:. Leaping up or down in pitch to an accented
8:
1382:
827:
813:
805:
18:For the similar or identical names, see
747:
277:, German, used mainly by J.S. Bach, a
337:German, a broken chord with an added
7:
762:
760:
478:: A glide from one pitch to another.
238:
14:
677:of the sound of a warbling flute.
268:
267:'s ornament tables as a stressed
48:historically informed performance
1392:
1391:
1381:
775:Grove: Accento, Ornament 1, 4, 8
754:Grove, Ornament: 8 v a, Accent
1:
341:. Used by Bach, described by
1192:History of music publishing
301:Giovanni Battista Bovicelli
1439:
735:G. Moens-Haenen, "Vibrato"
351:
278:
233:
17:
1397:Category:Musical notation
1377:
1263:Numbered musical notation
1054:Scientific pitch notation
726:Matthias Thiemel "Accent"
1044:Helmholtz pitch notation
707:(2nd ed.). London:
406:era keyboard instrument.
349:, similar to the French
1387:List of musical symbols
1258:Nashville Number System
52:Western classical music
937:Transposing instrument
315:in Italian, in French
224:
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
189:
184:
179:
174:
169:
164:
159:
154:
149:
144:
139:
134:
129:
124:
119:
114:
109:
104:
99:
363:In Italian; French -
285:Accento (pl. accenti)
709:Macmillan Publishers
335:Accentuirte Brechung
1423:Musical terminology
1283:Percussion notation
484:: A trill or turn.
450:Fall: Generally a
1405:
1404:
1349:Mensural notation
718:978-1-56159-239-5
688:
275:Accent und Trillo
68:traditional music
1430:
1395:
1394:
1385:
1384:
1248:Graphic notation
912:Rehearsal letter
836:Musical notation
829:
822:
815:
806:
794:
791:
785:
782:
776:
773:
767:
764:
755:
752:
722:
686:
651:Giuseppe Tartini
297:Lodovico Zacconi
94:
1438:
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1429:
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1427:
1408:
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1202:Music publisher
1197:Music engraving
1178:
1058:
1049:Letter notation
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838:
833:
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798:
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792:
788:
783:
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758:
753:
749:
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528:
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497:
466:
447:
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251:
246:
245:
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243:
95:
92:
84:classical music
78:) and in other
38:part such as a
23:
12:
11:
5:
1436:
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929:
927:Time signature
924:
919:
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801:External links
799:
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766:Grove, Vibrato
756:
746:
745:
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736:
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695:Sadie, Stanley
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532:Neighbor group
527:
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522:
516:
508:
505:
504:
503:
496:
493:
492:
491:
485:
479:
473:
465:
462:
461:
460:
458:Finger vibrato
455:
446:
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412:
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408:
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393:
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369:Zusammenschlag
356:
332:
308:
305:Giulio Caccini
282:
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239:External links
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13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1421:
1419:
1418:Ornamentation
1416:
1415:
1413:
1398:
1390:
1388:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1370:
1369:Transcription
1367:
1365:
1364:Sight-reading
1362:
1360:
1359:Perfect pitch
1357:
1355:
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1319:
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1311:
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1294:
1293:Ancient Greek
1291:
1289:
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1279:
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1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1233:Chord diagram
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1223:Braille music
1221:
1220:
1218:
1216:Other systems
1214:
1208:
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952:
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948:
947:Musical notes
944:
938:
935:
933:
932:Transposition
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
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895:
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890:
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887:Key signature
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748:
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699:Tyrrell, John
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440:
437:
436:
432:
428:
425:
423:
422:Changing tone
420:
418:
415:
414:
410:
405:
404:Baroque music
401:
400:
396:
395:
391:
386:
382:
379:
376:
373:
370:
366:
365:pincé étouffé
362:
361:
357:
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353:
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98:
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87:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
56:popular music
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
36:accompaniment
33:
29:
28:
21:
16:
1268:Klavarskribo
1243:Figured bass
1117:Appoggiatura
1064:Articulation
862:Abbreviation
789:
780:
771:
750:
702:
685:
675:spectrograph
664:
643:
625:
624:, Spanish –
621:
620:, Italian –
617:
611:
549:Pralltriller
397:
368:
364:
360:Acciaccatura
358:
350:
339:passing tone
334:
320:
317:appoggiature
316:
312:Appoggiatura
310:
284:
274:
269:appoggiatura
254:
229:
25:
24:
15:
1354:Music stand
1228:Chord chart
1207:Scorewriter
1184:Sheet music
982:Dotted note
917:Repeat sign
892:Ledger line
671:phase shift
654:popularity.
367:; German -
319:and German
289:Renaissance
80:world music
1412:Categories
1328:Shakuhachi
1303:Ekphonetic
1288:Simplified
1253:Lead sheet
1127:Grace note
992:Note value
987:Grace note
955:Accidental
682:References
544:Portamento
488:Grace note
347:Kirnberger
329:recitative
291:and early
265:J. S. Bach
72:folk music
60:rock music
54:, Western
1323:Swaralipi
1313:Kunkunshi
1273:Tablature
1238:Eye music
1122:Glissando
1097:Fingering
882:Dal segno
729:"Accento"
616:German –
566:Ribattuta
482:Gruppetto
476:Glissando
325:dissonant
321:Vorschlag
261:sforzando
64:pop music
34:or to an
27:Ornaments
1333:Znamenny
1174:Tonguing
1159:Staccato
1112:Ornament
1087:Dynamics
1039:Interval
1002:Notehead
977:Cue note
701:(eds.).
554:Pull-off
439:Echappée
417:Cambiata
381:Arpeggio
93:Contents
40:bassline
20:Ornament
1342:Related
1308:Gamelan
1298:Chinese
1278:Parsons
1149:Portato
1132:Mordent
1107:Marcato
1092:Fermata
1082:Damping
1077:Caesura
1034:Tremolo
965:natural
877:Da capo
732:"Trill"
645:Vibrato
618:Triller
607:Tremolo
519:Mordent
375:Andolan
343:Marpurg
293:Baroque
70:(e.g.,
58:e.g., (
1164:Tenuto
1102:Legato
1072:Accent
1029:Tuplet
715:
666:Warble
622:trillo
602:Timbre
577:Rubato
501:Legato
399:Bebung
256:Accent
66:) and
32:melody
1318:Neume
1142:Trill
1137:Slide
1024:Tacet
1014:Pitch
970:sharp
922:Tempo
907:Scale
902:Ossia
844:Staff
793:Trill
742:Notes
626:trino
613:Trill
590:Slide
513:Meend
470:Gamak
385:chord
383:is a
352:coulé
279:trill
234:Notes
76:blues
44:chord
1154:Slur
1019:Rest
1007:stem
997:beam
960:flat
897:Mode
872:Clef
713:ISBN
632:Turn
572:Roll
452:Jazz
427:Cran
345:and
299:and
82:and
74:and
62:and
1169:Tie
867:Bar
303:,
295:;
42:or
1414::
857:15
759:^
723:‎
711:.
697:;
852:8
828:e
821:t
814:v
721:.
659:W
638:V
596:T
584:S
560:R
538:P
526:N
507:M
495:L
464:G
445:F
433:E
411:C
392:B
371:.
249:A
225:Z
220:Y
215:X
210:W
205:V
200:U
195:T
190:S
185:R
180:Q
175:P
170:O
165:N
160:M
155:L
150:K
145:J
140:I
135:H
130:G
125:F
120:E
115:D
110:C
105:B
100:A
22:.
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