Knowledge (XXG)

List of monarchs of the British Isles by cause of death

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19:
are listed here, grouped by the type of death and then ordered by the date of death. The monarchical status of some people is disputed, but they have been included here for completeness.
2416:. He attempted to escape his assailants through a sewer but, three days earlier, he had had the other end of the drain blocked up because of its connection to the tennis court outside. 3010:, following the king-lists, writes that Domnall was "blinded, and doomed to eternal imprisonment" by Edgar, omitting that the place of his imprisonment was said to be Rescobie, by 996:. Obesity dates from a jousting accident in 1536 in which he suffered a leg wound. This prevented him from exercising and gradually became ulcerated. Also possibly suffered from 16: 2378:
in Gloucestershire after a metal tube (or, in some versions, a sawn-off ram's horn) and a red-hot poker were inserted into his anus. Allegedly by Sir
3222: 3030: 2379: 3227: 2642: 715:
Suffered for some years from what some contemporary accounts describe as an "unclean ailment"; the traditional story is that he died of
3217: 3186: 3172: 3151: 3079: 1446: 1362: 1398: 1384: 2900: 2813: 2519: 2263: 352:
Proclaimed by surviving English nobles, clerics and magnates, but never crowned, as the Normans approached after Hastings.
1987: 1284: 1749: 1643: 3202: 1338: 81: 3212: 3207: 2709: 1314: 3002:... and by the strength of William ". The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle says of Domnall that he was expelled, while the 867:
Several years of ill health- some type of visible skin ailment. Leprosy is also rumoured to have been possible.
2822: 2523: 2013: 1832: 1460: 617: 566: 2350: 1895: 1768: 317: 1886:, France, from abdominal injuries received from his saddle pommel when he fell off a horse at the Siege of 2979: 2739: 2527: 2282: 1995: 1084: 827: 435: 197: 2883: 2734:. He had been separated from his guides and it is assumed that in the dark his horse lost its footing. 2683: 2594: 2332: 2039: 2021: 1694: 1519: 1355: 1176: 964: 805: 780: 531: 509: 57: 2916: 2223: 2205: 2193: 1954: 3164: 2937: 2794: 2646: 2504: 2471: 2357: 2051: 2043: 1961: 1924: 1865: 1791: 1008: 922: 894: 758: 698: 595: 275: 158: 138: 2382:
of Dorset. No contemporary account survives to this effect, which is probably a later interpolation
3003: 2999: 2830: 2620: 2421: 2387: 2150: 1950: 1946: 1828: 1813: 1552: 1211: 1030: 946: 850: 842: 646: 497: 482: 389: 2760:, a complication from a broken collarbone resulting from a fall off his horse. He was asthmatic. 2493: 2313: 2042:
while fighting an army raised by disaffected nobles, former councillors, and his son, the future
1858: 1728: 1232: 1060: 872: 453: 411: 357: 176: 2125: 3182: 3168: 3147: 3132: 3075: 3067: 2847: 2612: 2405: 2241: 2143: 2069: 1986:
exploded while attacking one of the last Scottish castles still held by the English after the
1913: 1763:
Killed in battle against other Scots near the River Almond (either in Perthshire or Lothian).
1687: 1414: 1352: 1251: 1038: 335: 296: 2876: 2858: 2497: 1840: 1712: 1669: 1548: 1464: 1430: 1258: 676: 218: 120: 3015: 2960: 2638: 2441: 2413: 2409: 2375: 2305: 2176: 1716: 1598: 1402: 1146: 461: 428: 239: 3156: 3007: 2449: 1720: 1472: 1135: 1109: 1053: 736: 634: 588: 377: 28: 3196: 2553: 2088: 1742: 1573: 1490: 1379:(disputed), a genetic disorder. Suffered bouts of mental illness from 1788 onwards. 3074:, volume 1. Reprinted with corrections. Paul Watkins, Stamford, 1990. Pages 252–4. 2267: 2259: 2168: 1806: 1580: 1022: 939: 638: 257: 2301: 1559: 1544: 1264: 1152: 554: 1309:, an abscess and fever. Her 17 ill-fated pregnancies perhaps ravaged her body. 2952: 2557: 2096: 1783: 1515: 1497: 1410: 1306: 971: 2909: 2757: 2092: 1979: 1526: 1434: 1406: 1376: 887: 724: 664: 558: 3167:, tr. Felix J.H. Skene, 2 vols. Reprinted, Llanerch Press, Lampeter, 1993. 1942: 549:
Retreating from the French invasion, John crossed the marshy area known as
3179:
Outlaws of Medieval Scotland: Challenges to the Canmore Kings, 1058–1266.
2727: 2534: 1279:
At 85 years, the longest-lived British head of state until Elizabeth II.
1247: 1127: 1102: 1001: 997: 914: 720: 550: 1715:
merely note that he was killed in 954. Other sources place his death in
2905: 2701: 2489: 1917: 1594: 1486: 1418: 1193: 1168: 1026: 993: 716: 584: 381: 3011: 2998:
William of Malmesbury states that he was "slain by the craftiness of
2273: 2197: 2084: 1983: 1887: 1661: 1438: 1426: 1331: 1225: 1204: 1139: 1077: 798: 728: 668: 99: 74: 2842:
An obscure figure who disappears from historical records after 889.
841:
Death said to have been caused by the shock of hearing that his son
2726:
Fell from his horse in the dark while riding to visit the queen at
845:(later King James I of Scotland) had been captured by the English. 3006:
have him blinded by his brother, for which we should read nephew.
2218:
Killed in Lothian when the hall he was in was burnt to the ground
1883: 1827:
Defeated and mortally wounded by Máel Coluim mac Donnchada at the
1171:
fever, followed directly by an attack of urinary/kidney symptoms.
1131: 501: 1617:
Those that died in battle either as the antagonist or otherwise.
3144:
The Kingship of the Scots 842–1292: Succession and Independence.
2731: 1422: 1302: 989: 1686:
Died leading an army against a Cambro-Mercian rebellion at
3137:
Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers A.D. 500–1286.
1805:
Killed by his own men led by Macbeth at Pitgaveny near
1551:
due to heavy cigarette smoking; died in his sleep of a
2615:, and probably murdered (or starved to death) there. 2300:
Assassinated; tradition states that he was killed at
27:
Those monarchs that are assumed to have died through
3072:
Early Sources of Scottish History A.D 500–1286
719:, but this is disputed. Other suggestions include 2700:Killed by an arrow through the heart during a 2304:at the instigation of Fionnguala, daughter of 2079:Murdered, assassinated, executed or euthanised 452:His premature death may have been hastened by 3146:Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 2002. 2560:lethal injection administered by his doctor) 8: 2016:. Last English king to be killed in battle. 583:Died after suffering a fever at the Isle of 3114:Fordun, V, xxvi; Duncan, pp. 57–58; Oram, 2492:against the English Crown and beheaded at 2362:Monarchs of England and Ireland (England) 2327:Assassinated and succeeded by Malcolm III 785:Monarchs of England and Ireland (England) 600:Monarchs of England and Ireland (England) 537:Monarchs of England and Ireland (England) 2770: 2659: 2570: 2101: 1882:Died at the Convent of St Gervais, near 1619: 33: 3089: 3087: 3042: 2875:Married to Ealhswith in 868.Father of 2645:; the date and cause of death of both 3031:List of British monarchs by longevity 1941:Died during a siege of the castle of 963:Died of ill health shortly after the 7: 1949:, France, facing a rebellion by the 3181:Tuckwell Press, East Linton, 2003. 2599:Angevins or Plantagenets (England) 1929:Angevins or Plantagenets (England) 622:House of Sverre Dunkeld (Scotland) 466:Angevins or Plantagenets (England) 14: 1845:West Saxon Restoration (England) 340:West Saxon Restoration (England) 280:West Saxon Restoration (England) 3161:Chronicle of the Scottish Nation 2518:Found guilty of high treason by 1189:1649–1651 and 1660–1685 Scotland 3105:Annals of Tigernach, s.a. 1097. 2825:, probably from natural causes 2641:along with his younger brother 1399:Upper gastrointestinal bleeding 652:House of Plantagenet (England) 2974:Presumed to be natural causes 2901:Chronicle of the Kings of Alba 2814:Chronicle of the Kings of Alba 2095:away from the battlefield, or 1: 3223:Monarchs in the British Isles 2426:House of Lancaster (England) 2192:Killed in internal strife by 1741:Killed fighting Vikings near 855:House of Lancaster (England) 17:Monarchs of the British Isles 2984:House of Dunkeld (Scotland) 2955:, apparently natural causes 2714:House of Dunkeld (Scotland) 2337:House of Dunkeld (Scotland) 2072:while attacking the English 1916:, Earl of Northumbria, near 1900:House of Dunkeld (Scotland) 1065:House of Habsburg (England) 741:House of Balliol (Scotland) 681:House of Balliol (Scotland) 571:House of Dunkeld (Scotland) 514:House of Dunkeld (Scotland) 440:House of Dunkeld (Scotland) 394:House of Dunkeld (Scotland) 301:House of Dunkeld (Scotland) 3228:British Isles-related lists 2476:House of Stuart (Scotland) 2392:House of Stuart (Scotland) 2056:House of Stuart (Scotland) 2026:House of Stuart (Scotland) 1966:House of Stuart (Scotland) 1502:House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha 1167:Struck by a sudden bout of 951:House of Stuart (Scotland) 810:House of Stuart (Scotland) 3244: 2932:Apparently natural causes 2888:House of Alpin (Scotland) 2799:House of Alpin (Scotland) 2539:House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha 2410:Friars Preachers Monastery 2408:assassinated James at the 2287:House of Alpin (Scotland) 2181:House of Alpin (Scotland) 2171:by Leofa, an exiled thief 2130:House of Alpin (Scotland) 1982:, James was killed when a 1953:and his half-brother, the 1699:House of Alpin (Scotland) 1648:House of Alpin (Scotland) 1134:', probably brought on by 1101:Suffered from frailty and 763:House of Bruce (Scotland) 703:House of Bruce (Scotland) 380:from eating "a surfeit of 202:House of Alpin (Scotland) 62:House of Alpin (Scotland) 3218:Lists of British monarchs 2920: 2904:killed in battle against 2841: 2836: 2817:, died "at the palace of 2798: 2475: 2454:House of Tudor (England) 2286: 2180: 2142:Killed by his successor, 1698: 1530: 1401:caused by the rupture of 1318: 1180: 1089:House of Tudor (England) 976:House of Tudor (England) 975: 927:House of Tudor (England) 886:Natural causes, probably 854: 822:Died of old age aged 74. 809: 557:and eventually died from 465: 416:House of Blois (England) 300: 222: 103: 61: 2625:House of York (England) 2524:Second English Civil War 2444:, where he was murdered 2404:A group of Scots led by 2014:Battle of Bosworth Field 2000:House of York (England) 1925:Richard I, the Lionheart 1866:William I, the Conqueror 1461:Congestive heart failure 899:House of York (England) 2821:", possibly near or at 2374:Supposedly murdered in 2167:Murdered at a party in 276:St Edward the Confessor 223:Danish Kings (England) 181:Danish Kings (England) 3139:D. Nutt, London, 1908. 2921:West Saxons (England) 2863:West Saxons (England) 2688:The Normans (England) 2266:or one of her party. 2246:West Saxons (England) 2155:West Saxons (England) 2029:10 July 1451/May 1452 1870:The Normans (England) 1674:West Saxons (England) 917:brought on by excess. 462:Matilda (Empress Maud) 362:The Normans (England) 104:West Saxons (England) 3177:McDonald, R. Andrew, 2643:Richard, Duke of York 2351:Máel Petair of Mearns 2236:Killed by Kenneth II 2040:Battle of Sauchieburn 1520:myocardial infarction 1130:and died of 'tertian 965:Battle of Solway Moss 504:and eventually died. 443:23 April/24 May 1141 3165:William Forbes Skene 2740:William III & II 2647:Princes in the Tower 2608:c. 14 February 1400 2466:Executed (beheaded) 2242:St Edward the Martyr 2044:James IV of Scotland 1988:Wars of Independence 1978:An early-adopter of 1782:Killed in battle at 1660:Killed fighting the 139:Ethelred the Unready 3004:Annals of Tigernach 1951:Viscount of Limoges 1829:Battle of Lumphanan 1553:coronary thrombosis 1356:while on the toilet 1301:Died of suppressed 1031:congenital syphilis 546:18/19 October 1216 121:Edgar the Peaceable 31:(through disease). 3133:Anderson, Alan Orr 3068:Anderson, Alan Orr 3058:Duncan, pp. 74–75. 2637:Imprisoned in the 2494:Fotheringay Castle 2440:Imprisoned in the 2371:21 September 1327 2262:by his stepmother 2099:by their doctors. 1955:Count of Angoulême 1859:Battle of Hastings 1222:16 September 1701 1212:James II & VII 1074:13 September 1598 913:Unclear, possibly 877:16 September 1386 727:, and a series of 631:26 September 1290 496:He collapsed into 475:10 September 1167 454:osteitis deformans 336:Edgar the Atheling 3203:Lists of monarchs 3022: 3021: 2898:According to the 2811:According to the 2764: 2763: 2747:14 November 1650 2717:4 September 1241 2684:William II, Rufus 2653: 2652: 2613:Pontefract Castle 2564: 2563: 2541:House of Windsor 2509:19 November 1600 2463:12 February 1554 2406:Sir Robert Graham 2401:21 February 1437 2346:12 November 1094 2272:Saint Edward the 2076: 2075: 2070:Battle of Flodden 2065:9 September 1513 1932:8 September 1157 1914:Robert de Mowbray 1909:13 November 1093 1879:9 September 1087 1605: 1604: 1591:8 September 2022 1534:14 December 1895 1531:House of Windsor 1415:opioid dependence 1353:Aortic dissection 1343:10 November 1683 1319:House of Hanover 1252:Kensington Palace 1243:28 December 1694 1203:Died suddenly of 1187:1660–1685 England 1164:3 September 1658 1092:7 September 1533 1049:17 November 1558 1043:18 February 1516 960:14 December 1542 788:13 November 1312 772:22 February 1371 690:c. November 1314 612:Died of illness. 609:16 November 1272 540:24 December 1166 406:Died of illness. 232:12 November 1035 211:25 November 1034 169:30 November 1016 3235: 3213:Executed royalty 3208:Murdered royalty 3142:Duncan, A.A.M., 3119: 3112: 3106: 3103: 3097: 3091: 3082: 3065: 3059: 3056: 3050: 3047: 2877:Edward the Elder 2859:Alfred the Great 2771: 2744:House of Orange 2660: 2656:Accidental death 2649:remain unknown. 2628:4 November 1470 2571: 2550:20 January 1936 2520:59 commissioners 2515:30 January 1649 2498:Northamptonshire 2485:8 February 1587 2479:8 December 1542 2457:c. October 1537 2429:6 December 1421 2395:c. 25 July 1394 2102: 2083:Those that were 1969:16 October 1430 1854:14 October 1066 1841:Harold Godwinson 1713:Annals of Ulster 1688:Farndon-Upon-Dee 1670:Edward the Elder 1620: 1549:arteriosclerosis 1540:6 February 1952 1505:9 November 1841 1483:22 January 1901 1465:bronchopneumonia 1431:arteriosclerosis 1373:29 January 1820 1349:25 October 1760 1292:6 February 1665 1289:House of Stuart 1259:Richard Cromwell 1216:14 October 1633 1200:6 February 1685 1181:House of Stuart 1114:House of Stuart 1110:James VI & I 1013:12 October 1537 985:28 January 1547 930:28 January 1457 655:17/18 June 1239 523:4 December 1214 449:9 December 1165 425:25 October 1154 373: 190:3 February 1014 113:23 November 955 71:13 February 858 34: 3243: 3242: 3238: 3237: 3236: 3234: 3233: 3232: 3193: 3192: 3191: 3128: 3123: 3122: 3113: 3109: 3104: 3100: 3094:Scottish Annals 3092: 3085: 3066: 3062: 3057: 3053: 3048: 3044: 3039: 3027: 2991: 2948:27 October 939 2872:26 October 899 2769: 2658: 2639:Tower of London 2602:6 January 1367 2569: 2540: 2442:Tower of London 2433: 2380:John Maltravers 2376:Berkeley Castle 2306:Cuncar of Angus 2293: 2081: 2009:22 August 1485 2003:2 October 1452 1943:Châlus-Charbrol 1824:15 August 1057 1802:15 August 1040 1750:Constantine III 1717:Kincardineshire 1615: 1610: 1599:Balmoral Castle 1451:21 August 1765 1403:gastric varices 1389:12 August 1762 1270:4 October 1626 1190: 1188: 1147:Oliver Cromwell 906: 883:31 August 1422 775:Natural causes 753:Natural causes 693:Natural causes 603:1 October 1207 574:24 August 1198 526:Natural causes 429:Stomach disease 372:1 December 1135 371: 310:8 January 1107 289:4 January 1066 240:Harold Harefoot 177:Sweyn Forkbeard 159:Edmund Ironside 147: 25: 12: 11: 5: 3241: 3239: 3231: 3230: 3225: 3220: 3215: 3210: 3205: 3195: 3194: 3190: 3189: 3175: 3157:John of Fordun 3154: 3140: 3129: 3127: 3124: 3121: 3120: 3107: 3098: 3083: 3060: 3051: 3041: 3040: 3038: 3035: 3034: 3033: 3026: 3023: 3020: 3019: 3008:John of Fordun 2996: 2995:1097 or after 2993: 2988: 2985: 2982: 2976: 2975: 2972: 2971:1 October 959 2969: 2966: 2963: 2957: 2956: 2949: 2946: 2943: 2940: 2934: 2933: 2930: 2927: 2924: 2922: 2919: 2913: 2912: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2889: 2886: 2880: 2879: 2873: 2870: 2867: 2864: 2861: 2855: 2854: 2852: 2850: 2844: 2843: 2840: 2838: 2835: 2833: 2827: 2826: 2809: 2806: 2803: 2800: 2797: 2791: 2790: 2787: 2784: 2781: 2778: 2775: 2768: 2765: 2762: 2761: 2754: 2751: 2748: 2745: 2742: 2736: 2735: 2724: 2723:19 March 1286 2721: 2718: 2715: 2712: 2706: 2705: 2698: 2697:2 August 1100 2695: 2692: 2689: 2686: 2680: 2679: 2676: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2664: 2657: 2654: 2651: 2650: 2635: 2632: 2629: 2626: 2623: 2617: 2616: 2609: 2606: 2603: 2600: 2597: 2591: 2590: 2587: 2584: 2581: 2578: 2575: 2568: 2565: 2562: 2561: 2551: 2548: 2545: 2542: 2537: 2531: 2530: 2516: 2513: 2510: 2507: 2501: 2500: 2486: 2483: 2480: 2477: 2474: 2468: 2467: 2464: 2461: 2458: 2455: 2452: 2446: 2445: 2438: 2435: 2430: 2427: 2424: 2418: 2417: 2402: 2399: 2396: 2393: 2390: 2384: 2383: 2372: 2369: 2366: 2365:25 April 1284 2363: 2360: 2354: 2353: 2347: 2344: 2341: 2338: 2335: 2329: 2328: 2325: 2324:17 March 1058 2322: 2319: 2316: 2310: 2309: 2298: 2295: 2290: 2288: 2285: 2279: 2278: 2256: 2253: 2250: 2247: 2244: 2238: 2237: 2234: 2231: 2228: 2226: 2220: 2219: 2216: 2213: 2210: 2208: 2202: 2201: 2196:, possibly at 2190: 2187: 2184: 2182: 2179: 2173: 2172: 2165: 2162: 2159: 2156: 2153: 2147: 2146: 2140: 2137: 2134: 2131: 2128: 2122: 2121: 2118: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2106: 2080: 2077: 2074: 2073: 2068:Killed at the 2066: 2063: 2060: 2059:17 March 1473 2057: 2054: 2048: 2047: 2038:Killed at the 2036: 2033: 2030: 2027: 2024: 2018: 2017: 2012:Killed at the 2010: 2007: 2004: 2001: 1998: 1992: 1991: 1976: 1975:3 August 1460 1973: 1970: 1967: 1964: 1958: 1957: 1939: 1936: 1933: 1930: 1927: 1921: 1920: 1910: 1907: 1904: 1901: 1898: 1892: 1891: 1880: 1877: 1874: 1871: 1868: 1862: 1861: 1857:Killed at the 1855: 1852: 1849: 1846: 1843: 1837: 1836: 1825: 1822: 1819: 1816: 1810: 1809: 1803: 1800: 1797: 1794: 1788: 1787: 1786:by Malcolm II 1780: 1777: 1774: 1771: 1765: 1764: 1761: 1758: 1755: 1752: 1746: 1745: 1739: 1736: 1733: 1731: 1725: 1724: 1721:Blervie Castle 1709: 1706: 1703: 1700: 1697: 1691: 1690: 1684: 1681: 1678: 1675: 1672: 1666: 1665: 1658: 1655: 1652: 1649: 1646: 1640: 1639: 1636: 1633: 1630: 1627: 1624: 1614: 1611: 1609: 1606: 1603: 1602: 1592: 1589: 1586: 1585:21 April 1926 1583: 1577: 1576: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1562: 1556: 1555: 1541: 1538: 1535: 1532: 1529: 1523: 1522: 1514:Bed-ridden by 1512: 1509: 1506: 1503: 1500: 1494: 1493: 1484: 1481: 1478: 1475: 1469: 1468: 1458: 1455: 1452: 1449: 1443: 1442: 1396: 1393: 1390: 1387: 1381: 1380: 1374: 1371: 1368: 1365: 1359: 1358: 1350: 1347: 1344: 1341: 1335: 1334: 1329: 1326: 1323: 1320: 1317: 1311: 1310: 1299: 1298:1 August 1714 1296: 1293: 1290: 1287: 1281: 1280: 1277: 1274: 1271: 1268: 1261: 1255: 1254: 1244: 1241: 1238: 1237:30 April 1662 1235: 1229: 1228: 1223: 1220: 1217: 1214: 1208: 1207: 1201: 1198: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1173: 1172: 1165: 1162: 1159: 1158:25 April 1599 1156: 1149: 1143: 1142: 1136:kidney failure 1126:Suffered from 1124: 1123:27 March 1625 1121: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1106: 1105: 1099: 1098:24 March 1603 1096: 1093: 1090: 1087: 1081: 1080: 1075: 1072: 1069: 1066: 1063: 1057: 1056: 1054:ovarian cancer 1050: 1047: 1044: 1041: 1035: 1034: 1029:poisoning, or 1020: 1017: 1014: 1011: 1005: 1004: 988:Suffered from 986: 983: 980: 977: 974: 968: 967: 961: 958: 955: 954:10 April 1512 952: 949: 943: 942: 937: 936:21 April 1509 934: 931: 928: 925: 919: 918: 911: 908: 903: 902:28 April 1442 900: 897: 891: 890: 884: 881: 878: 875: 869: 868: 865: 864:20 March 1413 862: 859: 858:15 April 1367 856: 853: 847: 846: 839: 836: 833: 830: 824: 823: 820: 819:19 April 1390 817: 814: 811: 808: 802: 801: 795: 792: 789: 786: 783: 777: 776: 773: 770: 767: 764: 761: 755: 754: 751: 748: 745: 742: 739: 737:Edward Balliol 733: 732: 713: 710: 707: 704: 701: 695: 694: 691: 688: 685: 682: 679: 673: 672: 662: 659: 656: 653: 650: 643: 642: 635:Food poisoning 632: 629: 626: 623: 620: 614: 613: 610: 607: 604: 601: 598: 592: 591: 589:Inner Hebrides 581: 578: 575: 572: 569: 563: 562: 547: 544: 541: 538: 535: 528: 527: 524: 521: 518: 515: 512: 506: 505: 494: 491: 488: 485: 479: 478: 476: 473: 470: 469:February 1102 467: 464: 458: 457: 450: 447: 444: 441: 438: 432: 431: 426: 423: 420: 417: 414: 408: 407: 404: 401: 398: 395: 392: 386: 385: 378:food poisoning 374: 369: 366: 363: 360: 354: 353: 350: 347: 344: 341: 338: 332: 331: 329: 328:23 April 1124 326: 323: 320: 314: 313: 311: 308: 305: 302: 299: 293: 292: 290: 287: 284: 281: 278: 272: 271: 269: 266: 263: 260: 254: 253: 251: 250:17 March 1040 248: 245: 242: 236: 235: 233: 230: 227: 224: 221: 215: 214: 212: 209: 206: 203: 200: 194: 193: 191: 188: 185: 182: 179: 173: 172: 170: 167: 164: 161: 155: 154: 152: 151:23 April 1016 149: 144: 141: 135: 134: 132: 129: 126: 123: 117: 116: 114: 111: 108: 105: 102: 96: 95: 93: 90: 87: 84: 82:Constantine II 78: 77: 72: 69: 66: 63: 60: 54: 53: 50: 47: 44: 41: 38: 29:natural causes 24: 23:Natural causes 21: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3240: 3229: 3226: 3224: 3221: 3219: 3216: 3214: 3211: 3209: 3206: 3204: 3201: 3200: 3198: 3188: 3187:1-86232-236-8 3184: 3180: 3176: 3174: 3173:1-897853-05-X 3170: 3166: 3162: 3158: 3155: 3153: 3152:0-7486-1626-8 3149: 3145: 3141: 3138: 3134: 3131: 3130: 3125: 3117: 3111: 3108: 3102: 3099: 3095: 3090: 3088: 3084: 3081: 3080:1-871615-03-8 3077: 3073: 3069: 3064: 3061: 3055: 3052: 3049:Duncan, p. 60 3046: 3043: 3036: 3032: 3029: 3028: 3024: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2997: 2994: 2989: 2986: 2983: 2981: 2978: 2977: 2973: 2970: 2967: 2964: 2962: 2961:Edwy the Fair 2959: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2947: 2944: 2941: 2939: 2936: 2935: 2931: 2929:2 August 924 2928: 2925: 2923: 2918: 2915: 2914: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2902: 2897: 2895: 2892: 2890: 2887: 2885: 2882: 2881: 2878: 2874: 2871: 2868: 2865: 2862: 2860: 2857: 2856: 2853: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2845: 2839: 2834: 2832: 2829: 2828: 2824: 2820: 2819:Cinnbelathoir 2816: 2815: 2810: 2808:13 April 862 2807: 2804: 2801: 2796: 2793: 2792: 2788: 2785: 2782: 2779: 2776: 2773: 2772: 2766: 2759: 2755: 2753:8 March 1702 2752: 2749: 2746: 2743: 2741: 2738: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2725: 2722: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2711: 2710:Alexander III 2708: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2696: 2693: 2690: 2687: 2685: 2682: 2681: 2677: 2674: 2671: 2668: 2665: 2662: 2661: 2655: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2636: 2633: 2630: 2627: 2624: 2622: 2619: 2618: 2614: 2610: 2607: 2604: 2601: 2598: 2596: 2593: 2592: 2588: 2585: 2582: 2579: 2576: 2573: 2572: 2566: 2559: 2555: 2554:Drug overdose 2552: 2549: 2546: 2543: 2538: 2536: 2533: 2532: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2514: 2511: 2508: 2506: 2503: 2502: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2488:Convicted of 2487: 2484: 2481: 2478: 2473: 2470: 2469: 2465: 2462: 2459: 2456: 2453: 2451: 2448: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2436: 2431: 2428: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2400: 2397: 2394: 2391: 2389: 2386: 2385: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2370: 2367: 2364: 2361: 2359: 2356: 2355: 2352: 2348: 2345: 2342: 2339: 2336: 2334: 2331: 2330: 2326: 2323: 2320: 2317: 2315: 2312: 2311: 2307: 2303: 2299: 2296: 2291: 2289: 2284: 2281: 2280: 2276: 2275: 2269: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2255:18 March 978 2254: 2251: 2248: 2245: 2243: 2240: 2239: 2235: 2232: 2229: 2227: 2225: 2222: 2221: 2217: 2214: 2211: 2209: 2207: 2204: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2188: 2185: 2183: 2178: 2175: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2163: 2160: 2157: 2154: 2152: 2149: 2148: 2145: 2141: 2138: 2135: 2132: 2129: 2127: 2124: 2123: 2119: 2116: 2113: 2110: 2107: 2104: 2103: 2100: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2078: 2071: 2067: 2064: 2061: 2058: 2055: 2053: 2050: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2035:11 June 1488 2034: 2031: 2028: 2025: 2023: 2020: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2008: 2005: 2002: 1999: 1997: 1994: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1981: 1977: 1974: 1971: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1960: 1959: 1956: 1952: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1938:6 April 1199 1937: 1934: 1931: 1928: 1926: 1923: 1922: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1908: 1905: 1902: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1878: 1875: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1863: 1860: 1856: 1853: 1850: 1847: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1823: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1811: 1808: 1804: 1801: 1798: 1795: 1793: 1790: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1772: 1770: 1767: 1766: 1762: 1759: 1756: 1753: 1751: 1748: 1747: 1744: 1740: 1737: 1734: 1732: 1730: 1727: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1707: 1704: 1701: 1696: 1693: 1692: 1689: 1685: 1682: 1679: 1676: 1673: 1671: 1668: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1650: 1647: 1645: 1644:Constantine I 1642: 1641: 1637: 1634: 1631: 1628: 1625: 1622: 1621: 1618: 1612: 1607: 1600: 1596: 1593: 1590: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1578: 1575: 1574:Throat cancer 1572: 1569: 1566: 1564:23 June 1894 1563: 1561: 1558: 1557: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1539: 1536: 1533: 1528: 1525: 1524: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1510: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1495: 1492: 1491:heart failure 1488: 1485: 1482: 1479: 1476: 1474: 1471: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1459: 1457:20 June 1837 1456: 1453: 1450: 1448: 1445: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1433:and possibly 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1397: 1395:26 June 1830 1394: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1382: 1378: 1375: 1372: 1369: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1360: 1357: 1354: 1351: 1348: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1336: 1333: 1330: 1328:11 June 1727 1327: 1324: 1321: 1316: 1313: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1297: 1294: 1291: 1288: 1286: 1283: 1282: 1278: 1276:12 July 1712 1275: 1272: 1269: 1266: 1262: 1260: 1257: 1256: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1242: 1239: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1230: 1227: 1224: 1221: 1218: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1209: 1206: 1202: 1199: 1196: 1195: 1186: 1183: 1178: 1175: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1163: 1160: 1157: 1154: 1150: 1148: 1145: 1144: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1125: 1122: 1119: 1117:19 June 1566 1116: 1113: 1111: 1108: 1107: 1104: 1100: 1097: 1094: 1091: 1088: 1086: 1083: 1082: 1079: 1076: 1073: 1070: 1067: 1064: 1062: 1059: 1058: 1055: 1051: 1048: 1045: 1042: 1040: 1037: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1021: 1018: 1015: 1012: 1010: 1007: 1006: 1003: 999: 995: 991: 987: 984: 981: 979:28 June 1491 978: 973: 970: 969: 966: 962: 959: 956: 953: 950: 948: 945: 944: 941: 938: 935: 932: 929: 926: 924: 921: 920: 916: 912: 910:9 April 1483 909: 904: 901: 898: 896: 893: 892: 889: 885: 882: 879: 876: 874: 871: 870: 866: 863: 860: 857: 852: 849: 848: 844: 840: 838:4 April 1406 837: 834: 831: 829: 826: 825: 821: 818: 815: 813:2 March 1316 812: 807: 804: 803: 800: 796: 794:21 June 1377 793: 790: 787: 784: 782: 779: 778: 774: 771: 768: 766:5 March 1324 765: 762: 760: 757: 756: 752: 749: 746: 743: 740: 738: 735: 734: 730: 726: 722: 718: 714: 711: 708: 706:11 July 1274 705: 702: 700: 697: 696: 692: 689: 686: 683: 680: 678: 675: 674: 670: 667:(confirmed); 666: 663: 660: 657: 654: 651: 649:"Longshanks" 648: 645: 644: 640: 636: 633: 630: 627: 625:9 April 1283 624: 621: 619: 616: 615: 611: 608: 605: 602: 599: 597: 594: 593: 590: 586: 582: 579: 576: 573: 570: 568: 565: 564: 560: 556: 552: 548: 545: 542: 539: 536: 533: 530: 529: 525: 522: 519: 516: 513: 511: 508: 507: 503: 499: 495: 492: 489: 487:5 March 1133 486: 484: 481: 480: 477: 474: 471: 468: 463: 460: 459: 455: 451: 448: 445: 442: 439: 437: 434: 433: 430: 427: 424: 421: 418: 415: 413: 410: 409: 405: 402: 399: 396: 393: 391: 388: 387: 383: 379: 375: 370: 367: 364: 361: 359: 356: 355: 351: 348: 345: 342: 339: 337: 334: 333: 330: 327: 324: 321: 319: 316: 315: 312: 309: 306: 303: 298: 295: 294: 291: 288: 285: 282: 279: 277: 274: 273: 270: 267: 264: 261: 259: 256: 255: 252: 249: 246: 243: 241: 238: 237: 234: 231: 228: 225: 220: 217: 216: 213: 210: 207: 204: 201: 199: 196: 195: 192: 189: 186: 183: 180: 178: 175: 174: 171: 168: 165: 162: 160: 157: 156: 153: 150: 145: 142: 140: 137: 136: 133: 130: 127: 124: 122: 119: 118: 115: 112: 109: 106: 101: 98: 97: 94: 91: 88: 85: 83: 80: 79: 76: 73: 70: 67: 64: 59: 56: 55: 51: 48: 45: 42: 39: 36: 35: 32: 30: 22: 20: 18: 3178: 3160: 3143: 3136: 3118:, pp. 47–48. 3115: 3110: 3101: 3093: 3071: 3063: 3054: 3045: 2987:before 1040 2899: 2818: 2812: 2544:3 June 1865 2528:was beheaded 2437:21 May 1471 2340:before 1069 2318:before 1033 2271: 2260:Corfe Castle 2169:Pucklechurch 2089:assassinated 2082: 1912:Ambushed by 1683:17 July 924 1616: 1581:Elizabeth II 1570:28 May 1972 1518:; died of a 1477:24 May 1819 1405:. Developed 1367:4 June 1738 1322:28 May 1660 1305:, ending in 1192: 1184:29 May 1630 1068:21 May 1527 1023:Tuberculosis 1019:6 July 1553 940:Tuberculosis 712:7 June 1329 661:7 July 1307 639:sea sickness 580:6 July 1249 567:Alexander II 493:6 July 1189 403:24 May 1153 268:8 June 1042 258:Harthacanute 26: 15: 2302:Fettercairn 2164:26 May 946 1996:Richard III 1896:Malcolm III 1831:, dying at 1773:before 967 1769:Kenneth III 1754:before 971 1702:before 900 1677:c. 874–877 1601:, Scotland 1560:Edward VIII 1545:lung cancer 1511:6 May 1910 1265:Interregnum 1191:(1649–1685 1153:Interregnum 1085:Elizabeth I 671:(possible) 555:East Anglia 534:"Lackland" 318:Alexander I 163:c. 988/993 131:8 July 975 86:before 879 3197:Categories 3126:References 2992:1094–1097 2980:Donald III 2953:Gloucester 2750:1689–1702 2720:1249–1286 2694:1087–1100 2611:Placed in 2605:1377–1399 2595:Richard II 2558:Euthanasia 2547:1910–1936 2522:after the 2512:1625–1649 2482:1542–1567 2434:1470–1471 2398:1406–1437 2368:1307–1327 2349:Killed by 2321:1057–1058 2283:Kenneth II 2258:Killed at 2097:euthanised 2062:1488–1513 2032:1460–1488 2006:1483–1485 1972:1437–1460 1935:1189–1199 1906:1058–1093 1876:1066–1087 1821:1040–1057 1799:1034–1040 1784:Strathearn 1597:; died in 1588:1952–2022 1537:1936–1952 1516:bronchitis 1508:1901–1910 1498:Edward VII 1480:1837–1901 1454:1830–1837 1447:William IV 1411:alcoholism 1392:1820–1830 1370:1760–1820 1363:George III 1346:1727–1760 1325:1714–1727 1307:erysipelas 1295:1702–1714 1273:1658-1659 1240:1689–1694 1219:1685–1688 1177:Charles II 1161:1653-1658 1120:1567–1625 1095:1558–1603 1071:1554–1558 1046:1553–1558 1016:1547–1553 982:1509–1547 972:Henry VIII 957:1513–1542 933:1485–1509 907:1471–1483 880:1413–1422 861:1399–1413 835:1390–1406 828:Robert III 816:1371–1390 797:Died of a 791:1327–1377 781:Edward III 769:1329–1371 747:1332–1336 709:1306–1329 687:1292–1296 658:1272–1307 628:1286–1290 606:1216–1272 577:1214–1249 543:1199–1216 520:1165–1214 490:1154–1189 446:1153–1165 436:Malcolm IV 422:1135–1154 400:1124–1153 368:1100–1135 325:1107–1124 307:1097–1107 286:1042–1066 265:1040–1042 247:1035–1040 229:1016–1035 208:1005–1034 198:Malcolm II 187:1013–1014 148:1014–1016 65:after 800 3096:, p. 119. 2990:1093–1094 2938:Athelstan 2910:Dunnottar 2884:Donald II 2758:pneumonia 2505:Charles I 2432:1422–1461 2358:Edward II 2333:Duncan II 2277:in 1001. 2268:Canonised 2264:Ælfthryth 2022:James III 1980:artillery 1776:997–1005 1695:Malcolm I 1613:In battle 1527:George VI 1435:porphyria 1407:cataracts 1385:George IV 1377:Porphyria 1339:George II 1052:Possibly 1009:Edward VI 923:Henry VII 905:1461–1470 895:Edward IV 888:dysentery 806:Robert II 725:psoriasis 665:Dysentery 596:Henry III 559:dysentery 510:William I 58:Kenneth I 3025:See also 2968:955–959 2951:Died at 2945:924–939 2917:Ælfweard 2893:889–900 2869:871–899 2837:878–889 2805:858–862 2802:unknown 2795:Donald I 2756:Died of 2728:Kinghorn 2691:c. 1056 2634:c. 1483 2621:Edward V 2535:George V 2422:Henry VI 2294:977–995 2252:975–978 2212:966–971 2186:962–966 2161:939–946 2151:Edmund I 2136:877–878 2133:unknown 2093:executed 2085:murdered 2052:James IV 1962:James II 1947:Limousin 1903:c. 1031 1873:c. 1028 1848:c. 1022 1818:c. 1005 1796:unknown 1792:Duncan I 1757:995–997 1735:954–962 1705:943–954 1680:899–924 1654:862–877 1651:unknown 1473:Victoria 1315:George I 1248:smallpox 1246:Died of 1169:malarial 1128:senility 1103:insomnia 1002:diabetes 998:syphilis 915:apoplexy 851:Henry IV 832:c. 1340 759:David II 750:c. 1364 744:c. 1283 721:syphilis 699:Robert I 684:c. 1249 647:Edward I 618:Margaret 551:The Wash 517:c. 1143 483:Henry II 419:c. 1096 382:lampreys 376:Died of 365:c. 1068 349:c. 1126 343:c. 1051 322:c. 1078 283:c. 1004 244:c. 1015 146:978–1013 128:959–975 110:946–955 89:900–943 68:843–858 3116:David I 2965:c. 941 2942:c. 895 2906:Vikings 2866:c. 849 2831:Eochaid 2767:Unknown 2702:hunting 2490:treason 2388:James I 2249:c. 962 2158:c. 921 1918:Alnwick 1814:Macbeth 1595:Old age 1487:Old age 1419:obesity 1233:Mary II 1194:de jure 1027:arsenic 1000:and/or 994:obesity 947:James V 873:Henry V 729:strokes 717:leprosy 587:in the 585:Kerrera 412:Stephen 390:David I 358:Henry I 226:c. 995 205:c. 980 143:c. 968 125:c. 943 107:c. 923 3185:  3171:  3163:, ed. 3150:  3078:  3012:Forfar 2789:Notes 2786:Death 2783:Reign 2777:House 2678:Notes 2675:Death 2672:Reign 2666:House 2589:Notes 2586:Death 2583:Reign 2577:House 2472:Mary I 2314:Lulach 2274:Martyr 2230:?–977 2224:Amlaíb 2206:Cuilén 2198:Forres 2194:Cuilén 2120:Notes 2117:Death 2114:Reign 2108:House 1984:cannon 1888:Mantes 1743:Cullen 1729:Indulf 1719:or at 1662:Viking 1638:Notes 1635:Death 1632:Reign 1626:House 1608:Killed 1439:cancer 1427:oedema 1332:Stroke 1226:Stroke 1205:uremia 1140:stroke 1138:and a 1078:Cancer 1061:Philip 1039:Mary I 799:stroke 669:cancer 219:Canute 100:Eadred 75:Tumour 52:Notes 49:Death 46:Reign 40:House 3037:Notes 3016:Angus 3014:, in 3000:David 2848:Giric 2823:Scone 2780:Born 2774:Name 2704:trip 2669:Born 2663:Name 2631:1483 2580:Born 2574:Name 2567:Other 2460:1553 2414:Perth 2343:1094 2292:971–? 2144:Giric 2111:Born 2105:Name 1884:Rouen 1851:1066 1833:Scone 1807:Elgin 1779:1005 1664:army 1629:Born 1623:Name 1567:1936 843:James 502:fever 498:shock 472:1141 397:1084 346:1066 304:1074 297:Edgar 262:1018 166:1016 43:Born 37:Name 3183:ISBN 3169:ISBN 3148:ISBN 3076:ISBN 2926:924 2732:Fife 2526:and 2450:Jane 2297:995 2233:977 2215:971 2189:967 2139:878 1760:997 1738:962 1711:The 1708:954 1657:877 1547:and 1543:Had 1489:and 1463:and 1437:and 1423:gout 1303:gout 1285:Anne 1132:ague 992:and 990:gout 677:John 637:and 532:John 500:and 184:??? 92:952 2908:at 2730:in 2412:in 2270:as 2177:Dub 2126:Áed 1945:in 1250:at 553:in 3199:: 3159:, 3135:, 3086:^ 3070:, 3018:. 2496:, 2308:. 2200:. 2091:, 2087:, 2046:. 1990:. 1890:. 1835:. 1723:. 1467:. 1441:. 1429:, 1425:, 1421:, 1417:, 1413:, 1409:, 1267:) 1197:) 1155:) 1033:? 1025:, 731:. 723:, 641:. 561:. 456:. 384:" 2556:( 1263:( 1151:(

Index

Monarchs of the British Isles
natural causes
Kenneth I
Tumour
Constantine II
Eadred
Edgar the Peaceable
Ethelred the Unready
Edmund Ironside
Sweyn Forkbeard
Malcolm II
Canute
Harold Harefoot
Harthacanute
St Edward the Confessor
Edgar
Alexander I
Edgar the Atheling
Henry I
food poisoning
lampreys
David I
Stephen
Stomach disease
Malcolm IV
osteitis deformans
Matilda (Empress Maud)
Henry II
shock
fever

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