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589:, who was a member of Indian People's Front then, was a prime accused. In 2023, 30 years after the incident, some of the accused were granted life imprisonment by a court, while Kushwaha was acquitted due to lack of evidence. The life imprisonment was awarded to Rajendra Shah, Buddhu Shah, Police Mahto, Gauri Mahto, Bahadur Ram, Satyanarayan Ram, Dularchand Yadav, Bhadosa Ram, and Baleshwar Ram under section 302 of
257:. Things worsened due to a drought in 1978-79, which made their condition desperate. In December 1979, Naxals killed a Kurmi landlord, in retaliation for which on February 25, 1980, heavily armed men attacked Dalit houses in Pipra village. 27 houses were burnt and 5 women, 3 adults and 6 children were killed.
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acquitted fourteen accused of the massacre, due to lack of evidence. Earlier, the convicts were tried at the lower court but they moved to Patna High Court against the decision of trial court. Some of the main accused, out of fourteen acquitted by court, included
Ramadhar Yadav, Rampravesh Ram, Umesh
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The riots broke out in whole district when rumours of killings of Hindu boys spread. Some of the most affected areas were Logain and
Chandheri village, where Muslims were slaughtered and were thrown in wells and buried in cauliflower field respectively. The N.N Singh Committee set up to enquire into
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caste, but after the incident, the landowners claimed that they didn't listen to any sound of gunshots and they came to know about the killings only after they were told about this by their Dalit neighbours. In response to this incident and inability of landowners (who were earlier given licence for
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attacked the village which resulted in death of one person while 54 others including women and children were severely injured. Other sources indicate number of injured to be 40. As per the reports from the victims, it was revealed that the attackers set the
Ravidas temple on fire and vandalised the
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district. Here the landowners are Kurmi, a backward caste. In the past the land owners were Muslim zamindars who left the village during partition with the help of their Dalit kamias, against the wish of many Kurmis who planned to burn the Muslim's houses. Later the zamindars sold their land to the
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On the other hand, supporters of Pappu Yadav terrorised the innocent villagers of Jirwa village under Saur Bazar Police
Station in Saharsa district. The looting of crops from the fields of Rajput peasants at Jirwa had created a lot of lot of tension. Pappu's gang behaved in a similar manner in the
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were active here. These gangs were aligned on the caste lines and drew support from their respective castes. The war claimed 200 lives in all. In this particular incident 12 relatives of
Akhilesh Singh, whose wife was an MLA from the region were murdered by the Ashok Mahto gang. The Mahto gang was
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and his government for not taking required action to save the lives and property. In the infamous Logain massacre (a part of 1989 Bhagalpur violence which occurred in Logain village), which took place on 27 October 1989, a mob guided by
Assistant Sub-inspector of Police, Ramchandra Singh massacred
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had assembled before the incident of Dohia; they were seeking retaliation for the incident of
Parasbigha where Bhumihars were the perpetrators. The mob then entered the Dohia village where a number of Bhumihar families lived; they engaged in mass rape and molestation of the women belonging to many
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who beheaded a notorious
Bhumihar landlord a few days earlier. Two days after Parasbigha killings, the Yadavs descended upon the Dohia village in search of Bhumihar perpetrators who dispersed soon after the incident of Parasbigha from the latter's village. Since the men were not found, the Yadavs
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and allegedly fired upon him. In retaliation, the youths were beaten brutally by Yadav and his kinsmen, leading to death of a young man named
Amitesh Singh. The other Rajput youths got injuries. This case was echoed at the state level by the media and resulted in increase of bitterness among the
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of fomenting the antagonism among the left wing militants, which resulted in this massacre. As per reports and the statement of Modi, Yadav is said to have visited the four villages in the region and was accused of instigating the cadres of the militants to seek revenge against the upper castes.
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including women and the children were killed. The trial which followed the massacre revealed the implicit involvement of some of the major political parties and the leaders of the Bihar. It was also claimed that the police force which was deployed there to protect the villagers assisted the Sena
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decided to penalise the landowners. Besides male members of seven households, which were targeted by fifty attackers, women also received bullet injuries, and two children, six-month-old Pinky and four-year-old Umesh Mochi were also killed. One of the victim, Malti, who lost her husband and two
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district of Bihar. There was a land dispute between Yadavs and
Rajputs. The later had brought Bhinds, a tribal caste for cultivating the disputed land. The Yadavs descended the village on horses and foot and nine people died in the attack. The raiders also plundered four hundred houses of the
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of Bihar. In her statement given to police, Suman Devi accused Akash Singh along others in murder of her husband. It was reported that, Sujit Mehta was also an accused in the murder of Akash's father, Munna Singh. The incident took place in Aurangabad district's region sharing border with
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caste respectively. Both the gangs wanted control over sand mining activity in the region and when Janardan Singh intervened to take over the area once controlled by Yadav, the Yadav group retaliated by killing eleven labourers from the side of Singh. In 2014, Yadav who was hiding in
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landlords earlier used to capture the polling booths and made the Dalits vote in favour of their preferred candidates, in order to secure political power in their own hand. The Dalits in the village of Danwar-Bihta took up a resolution in 1989 to vote as per their own wish. The local
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caste. However, the villagers of the 14 convicts charged the verdict as conspiracy. Sunil Kumar Kushwaha, relative of one of the accused, alleged that the police framed the innocent villagers as the perpetrators, as they failed in arresting the real perpetrators, who were outsiders.
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caste . In the same year the Dhanuks in vendetta kidnapped fourteen children of the Yadavs from Piparia village and crossed the river to gather fodder. Except three, all the children were murdered and the dead bodies were chopped into pieces so that they could never be identified.
830:. The convicts included Bacchesh Singh, Buddhan Yadav, Butai Yadav, Satendra Das, Lallan Pasi, Dwarika Paswan, Kariban Paswan, Godai Paswan, Uma Paswan and Gopal Paswan, who were later tried by the Session court. The victims were killed using blunt objects with utmost severity.
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to the villages; during this visit, his face was blackened, reportedly by a member of Indian People's Front, as protest against the incident. Later, a total of 13 people were found guilty by court in this incident, but the main accused Nawal Sharma remained out of reach.
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Close to 60 Ranbir Sena men armed with swords, lathis, and firearms descended on the village and carried out the killings. This was apparently a revenge attack for the killing of at least nine Bhumihar upper caste people in Nadhi village in Bhojpur
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in a long and protracted struggle that reached its zenith in 1979 when an attack took place at Parasbigha by the Bhumihars in which 11 people, including one Yadav, were killed. The Bhumihars attacked in retaliation for the action of Yadav-led Dalit
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621:. Prasad was also known for his muscleman image. In an attack by the Prasad gang, Chhotan was killed along with a large number of his associates. In return Prasad was also assassinated. During Chhotan's funeral procession when Gopalganj
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of the Rajput women by the perpetrators. The writers have talked about rape of women of all ages, even those above 60 years of age. But the other sources only describe brutal killings of men, women and children with no mention of rape.
507:. The members of Yadav's gang in this region terrorised the Rajputs by looting their crops and grazing their fields. The violent campaign of Pappu Yadav in this region led many Rajputs and Bhumihars flee the Yadav dominated villages.
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children, asserted that their family had taken land for share cropping from local Bhumihar landlord Rajendra Singh, besides a loan of Rs 1,000. According to her, they were unable to pay the loan and Singh forcibly seized their six
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was one of the organiser of these protests. While a Rajput caste body was also organising counter protest against the MLA. Two months later, in October 2022, two accused of the murder along with their shooter were arrested from
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caste were killed by the militants. In a press statement, the spokesperson of Ranvir Sena Shamsher Bahadur Singh condemned this attack and as per his statement the links of the seven victims with Ranvir Sena was established.
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Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women: Hearing Before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, One Hundred First Congress, Second Session, August 2, 1990, Volume
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Everyone was shot in the chest. I also saw that the panties were torn. One girl was Prabha. She was fifteen years old. She was supposed to go to her husband's house two to three days later. They also cut her
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landlords thus massacred 23 Dalits in order to punish them. One of the prime accused of the massacre was Jwala Singh, who was important political figure in the region and he is said to have ensured that no
343:. In this particular incident, which took place in the twin villages of Aurangabad district of Bihar, writers Ashok Kumar and SK Ghosh have mentioned that the massacre of men and women took place after the
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In a separate event in 1986 at Chhotki Chhechani village, Rajput raiders killed seven Yadavs. Following the event, the Yadav in the Darmian village in the subsequent year killed 11 Rajputs in retribution.
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458:"(whenever the Hindu has risen, those who are circumcised have run) were shouted by the mob which culminated into the attack finally leading to a long communal strife in which over 1000 people died.
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and poor peasantry of middle peasant castes who were fighting for their rights with the supporters of the status-quo, i.e., upper castes as well as the affluent section of the middle peasant castes (
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announced the relief for the victim families in the form of government jobs. Later, some of the convicts were given death sentence by the court, while majority of them remained out of reach.
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Mobilisation of Dalits by Communist Party of India (Marxist -Leninist) liberation, clashes between caste based militias of upper caste and Naxalites and Emergence of OBC leadership in Bihar.
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idol. This was followed by sloganeering in the favour of a freedom fighter belonging to Rajput caste and alleged beating of the people belonging to Chamar community. In a briefing given to
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after killing of ten Dalits in Barsimha village by "Savarana Liberation Front", an upper-caste organisation. A court later tried the perpetrators. The upper caste retaliated by killing 56
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1996:
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1070:. This incident created statewide stir in Bihar and Jharkhand, with members of both Kushwaha and Rajput community organising protest and engaging in verbal attacks on each other on
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visited the village after the occurrence of Incident; they also interviewed some of the kins of the victims. According to Surajmani Devi– a 32 years old resident of the village:
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and Maharaj Mahto. These youths took up arms against the landlord class, when mobilised by the communists. Between 1971 and 1976, as per author Santosh Singh, a large number of
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landlords. This massacre parted the way between Kurmis and Paswans and made them sceptical of each other's activities. Mahavir Mahto was accused of the carnage in which
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The infamous massacre led to assassination of 23 Dalit people including men and women of the Shankarbigha village. The prime accused of the carnage were the members of
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1074:. Soon, the rioting spread out on the streets, leading to deployment of security personnels to prevent communal harmony from being deteriorated. Jharkhand's former
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grain. Since then, the relationship between them was tensed and probably this was the cause of massacre. However, her neighbours accused her of being a member of
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of Bihar, the infamous Usri Bazar massacre took place. The event was a part of a series of attacks and retaliation between Left wing militants and the
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625:, G.Krishnaiah was trying to control the furious mob he was beaten up to death by the participants in the procession which are said to be provoked by
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operated, which were formed to secure the interest of Rajputs and the Backward Castes. In 1991, Anand Mohan organised massive protests against the
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landlords and landlords of other upper-castes were killed. After Mahto's death, the movement faded away, bringing long-lasting peace to the region.
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aimed at garnering support for the temple movement was attacked with a Petrol bomb from the local Muslim community. The provocative slogans like "
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182:
In the 1970s, the Belchhi village in Bihar witnessed one of the severest massacres of Bihar's history. The root cause was caste conflict between
88:). Its first mass leader was Jagdish Mahto, a Koeri teacher who had read Ambedkar before he discovered Marx, and started a paper in the town of
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901:, was an outcome of gang wars between two caste based criminal gangs of those belonging to Hareram Yadav and Janardan Singh. They represented
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at Laxmanpur Bathe. One of the main accused of the massacre, Ram Chandra Yadav was proven guilty in March 2023 in a trial Court of Bihar. The
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community over riverine land. Based on testimonials by the survivors, most of the alleged perpetrators belonged to a dalit caste, Musahar.
653:, who were perpetrators of this ghastly massacre, in the same year in another incident. In the Nadhi village, the CPI(ML) unit consisting
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claimed that the killings were a response to attack on Dalits elsewhere, by the Savarna Liberation Front, another militant organisation.
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Kurmi buyers who started expecting respect from Dalit workers on a par with older zamindars. With time, Dalits became sympathetic to the
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1973:
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In 1998, nine people were killed while returning from the cremation of a fellow villager, Suresh Sharma, in Rampur Chauram village of
989:, Sarju Ram, son of an injured victim stated that the location of temple to the centre of village which represents the "assertion of
3019:"जिला पार्षद पति हत्या से आक्रोशित लोग सड़क पर उतरे:औरंगाबाद में दिनदहाड़े हुआ था सुजीत मेहता का मर्डर, लोगों ने थाने का किया घेराव"
1417:
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caste from the same family, including an ex-armyman, were killed by the Ravan Sena. Amongst those arrested for conspiracy was a non-
99:
548:
304:
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1133:
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The massacre of Dalelchak-Baguaura is considered as one of the biggest caste based massacre in the history of Bihar along with
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called Harijanistan("dalit land"). Religious sentiments also became the cause of bitter strife. The violence that happened in
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1967:
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In October 2009, sixteen people, including four children, were dragged out of their huts, tied and gunned down in Bihar's
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In the Bheempura village of Jahanabad district, another massacre took place in the year 1999. The victims were members of
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caste. In this incident, four people were killed by the People's War group— a left wing militant organisation. Leader of
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district of Bihar, the infamous Nadhi massacre took place. This massacre resulted in retaliatory attacks by the victim
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586:
104:
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Rajputs and Yadavs in the Chhapra. Later, second Rajput youth, who was undergoing treatment at a private hospital in
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of Bihar, a high-profile mob lynching occurred. It was also based on the caste line, as a local leader of the ruling
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666:
310:
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In 1985 in a series of attack and retribution between Rajputs and Yadavs, three subsequent massacres took place in
735:. There were five girls in all. All five were raped. All were fifteen or younger. All their breasts were cut off.
2526:
2122:"इचरी नरसंहार: 9 दोषियों को उम्रकैद, बिहार सरकार के पूर्व मंत्री भगवान सिंह कुशवाहा संदेह के लाभ के आधार पर बरी"
731:
her and cut off her breast. The girls were all naked, and their panties were ripped. They also shot them in the
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1926:
1079:
1042:
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696:
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162:, which was the cause of the popular movement Bhojpur rebellion" led by newly-educated backward caste youths
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446:. The trigger to the weeks long communal riots was the incident of Rajpur village, where a procession of
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2030:"Bara massacre: After 15 years on death row, families of accused say they've lost track of their cases"
474:. In 2007, 14 people were convicted in the same case. Almost all the convicts belonged to intermediary
356:
In 1988, in the Nonhigarh and Nagwan villages, which were located a kilometre away from each other in
52:
upsurge in Bihar gave rise to a tug of war between upper and the lower castes. The tussle between the
3176:
2992:"Palamu News: बिहार-झारखंड के बार्डर पर भड़का जातीय उन्माद, राजपूत और कुशवाहा समुदायों के बीच भिड़ंत"
2092:"आरा: इचरी नरसंहार कांड में पूर्व मंत्री भगवान सिंह कुशवाहा बरी, नौ आरोपियों को सश्रम उम्रकैद की सजा"
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inflicted capital punishment upon three perpetrators while other were given life imprisonment. The
622:
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2245:
1659:"After the massacre, death of a hamlet - First Maoist carnage site in Bihar is a near-empty shell"
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organization, the police claimed that it was a fallout of on old dispute between kurmi-koeris and
364:
community were killed by unidentified spectators. Both the villages were surrounded by landowning
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caste killed 21 Dalits. The victims included women, children and infant also. A session court of
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1957:
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3070:"अगड़े-पिछड़े की खूनी लड़ाई...छपरा में टेंशन हाई! मॉब लिंचिंग पर बवाल, जांच के लिए SIT गठित"
1795:
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accused Prahlad Mahto, who was named as he had provided shelter to Jha and his associates.
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672:
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community was the principal cause of the carnage, in which over 50 Rajputs were killed by
266:
17:
914:, was caught by Bihar Police's Special Task Force. It was reported that before moving to
1529:"Struggle for land leads to bloody war between Yadav and Dhanuk castes in Bihar village"
1100:
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650:
463:
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329:. The massacre also resulted in the exodus of 40 Rajput families and from the village.
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37:
3274:
2996:
2931:"Madhubani killings | Opposition blames officials, politicians for shielding accused"
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911:
609:. He used to operate a gang in the region which was in tussle with the rival gang of
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Bhumihar families. Plunder was followed by the beating and abuse of Bhumihar women.
1116:
1111:, was the alleged perpetrator. The violence occurred when three youth belonging to
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region of Bihar. Two rival gangs one led by Akhilesh Singh and another one led by
561:
2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election § Poll rigging and violence
232:
raped their girls, killed an old women and disappeared after looting the village.
2152:"बिहार के चर्चित इचरी नरसंहार में कोर्ट ने सुनाया बड़ा फैसला, 9 आरोपियों को मिली"
1218:
Reinventing Revolution: New Social Movements and the Socialist Tradition in India
1174:
2001:
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839:
770:
702:
531:
496:
159:
2212:"Bhojpur killings: Life term for 9, ex-minister Bhagwan Singh Kushwaha cleared"
1799:
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Afsar massacre was a part of long running caste wars between Bhumihars and the
60:
were also proprietors. The decade of 1960s witnessed communist upsurge in the
1176:
Rebels From the Mud Houses: Dalits and the Making of the Maoist Revolution ...
946:
community. While there were suspicions of the massacre being carried out by a
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877:
488:
211:
2062:"Main accused in 1992 Bihar massacre, which left 37 dead, gets life sentence"
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region of Bihar. The members of Ranvir Sena including people of Bhumihar and
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2595:
1067:
985:
850:. In 1999 most of the accused were acquitted by a court based in Jahanabad.
152:
56:
and the landed proprietors was not divided along caste lines as some of the
49:
45:
1931:. Srishti Prakashan Original from the University of Michigan. p. 118.
539:
leaders of Janata Dal were accused of instigating the violence against the
569:, five people were killed and several others were injured in an attack by
133:
3130:"Chhapra violence: Second victim dies, internet ban extended till Feb 10"
1997:"Caste wars acquire new dimension in Bihar with massacre of 37 Bhumihars"
1558:"Massacre of 42 Rajputs in Bihar villages marks a new level of brutality"
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in 1950. The contest for grabbing more and more lands from the erstwhile
207:
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107:, the incident in which as many as fifty people were slaughtered by the "
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations (1991).
3044:"Two accused of murder in Bihar, including a shooter, nabbed in Mumbai"
2182:"JD (U) leader acquitted, 9 others held guilty for 1993 Bihar killings"
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967:
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2624:"In 1999 Massacre of Dalits in Bihar, All Acquitted, Questions Raised"
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killed 34 Bhumihars. The naxalite unit was dominated particularly by
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and shot her in the chest. Another was Manmatiya, also fifteen. They
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however acquitted all of them citing lack of evidence as the reason.
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inhabiting Rajputs. An infant girl was also killed during the raid.
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in Bhagalpur district of Bihar had its roots originating from the "
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1021:. The accused, Pravin Jha, was patronized by local leaders of the
990:
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902:
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823:
728:
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454:"(India is for Hindus, Muslims should go away to Pakistan) & "
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arms) to save the weaker section of their village, Chief Minister
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Parasbigha and Dohia, which were located few kilometres south of
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is an historical region in Bihar, known for its association with
2627:
1448:
The Modern Anthropology of India: Ethnography, Themes and Theory
1370:
The Modern Anthropology of India: Ethnography, Themes and Theory
1002:
978:. The villagers belonging to Chamar caste alleged that a mob of
344:
72:, while the 1990s saw dreaded caste wars. The belligerents were
1124:
after being severely injured also died in course of treatment.
897:
This incident, which led to killing of eleven labourers in the
2901:"Dalit killed, 40 hurt for unfurling tricolour in Bihar villa"
1834:"1989 Bhagalpur riots: Inquiry report blames Congress, police"
1041:
In 2022, murder of Sujit Mehta— husband of a former member of
3100:"Bihar: 1 killed in group clash inside poultry farm in Saran"
2364:
Community Warriors: State, Peasants and Caste Armies in Bihar
2332:"Amir Das Commission probing politician-Sena nexus disbanded"
2310:"For residents of Bathani, it is a horror they cannot forget"
3178:
The Fear that Stalks: Gender-based Violence in Public Spaces
1753:"Bhojpur carnage exposes victimisation of Harijans in Bihar"
1691:"Bihar: Nonhigarh-Nagwan massacre of Dalits foxes officials"
313:
of Bihar, the dispute over hundreds of acre of land between
2494:"BJP accuses Laloo Yadav of instigating Bhimpura killings"
2270:
Post-Mandal Politics in Bihar: Changing Electoral Patterns
1864:"Political gameplan behind the verdict of Bhagalpur riots"
235:
According to reports, a total of 2000 people belonging to
3232:
Indian Feminisms: Law, Patriarchies and Violence in India
2962:"Prime accused among 6 more held for Madhubani killings"
1492:
Averting the Apocalypse: Social Movements in India Today
709:
caste. In the village called Laxmanpur Bathe, nearly 56
1784:"Communal constructions: media reality vs real reality"
714:
members to launch the assault on the Dalits. A team of
389:
This incident was followed by visit of Chief Minister,
2724:. Press Trust of India. 14 August 2006. Archived from
581:. In this massacre, the National General Secretary of
70:
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation
3253:
The God of Small Things: A Novel of Social Commitment
1107:, Vijay Yadav, who was also the husband of incumbent
701:
Laxmanpur Bathe massacre was a sanguinary act of the
503:'s recommendation and in the defiance of the rule of
2869:"Black Independence Day for Dalits in Bihar village"
2718:"Mahto keeps mum on allegation against Lalan and CM"
938:
district. Out of the 16 dead, 14 people belonged to
577:
caste were returning from a conference organised by
2778:"Caste-Naxal massacre in bihar tests Nitish's Base"
122:
420:could cast his vote in the forthcoming elections.
386:along with all the Dalits of these twin villages.
1412:. India: Concept Publishing Company. p. 65.
282:Munger-Chhotaki Chhechani-Darmian massacres, 1985
158:. The region is also known for the worst form of
402:Danwar-Bihta massacre took place in 1989 in the
1445:Berger, Peter; Heidemann, Frank (3 June 2013).
1095:In February 2023, in the Mubarakpur village of
1017:inhabitants in the village called Mahmudpur in
720:
456:Jab jab Hindu jaga hai, tab tab katua bhaga hai
222:against each other. The Yadavs here sided with
40:, who controlled vast swathes of land, and the
2838:"'Maoists' kill 16 over land dispute in bihar"
2554:
2552:
1367:Berger, Peter; Heidemann, Frank, eds. (2013).
565:In 1993, in the Ichri village of Bihar in the
2401:"Rampur carnage: Patna HC acquits 14 accused"
1592:Terrorism, Naxalism & Insurgency in India
1293:Ruled or Misruled: Story and Destiny of Bihar
1256:"29-years-on-here-people-still-fear-to-tread"
657:killed 9 people belonging to Bhumihar caste.
8:
818:of Bihar) the dreaded naxalite organisation
2748:"Copd catch carnage accused after 16 years"
2560:"RJD Govt will be remembered for massacres"
2431:"RJD Govt will be remembered for massacres"
1009:called "Ravan Sena", run by members of the
483:Caste based gangwars in Kosi region 1990-91
452:Hindi Hindu Hindustan, Mulla bhago Pakistan
136:Natakvalas performance art LLP , 8 May 2023
2591:"10 get death penalty for Senari massacre"
2655:"12 Shot Dead in Bihar Midnight Massacre"
2488:
2486:
1782:Gupta, Charu; Sharma, Mukul (July 1996).
1721:"13 convicted for Nonhi Nangwan massacre"
601:Chhotan Shukla was the brother of former
597:Chhotan Shukla-Brij Bihari gang wars 1994
3211:Crimes Against Women and Protective Laws
1946:Rajput villages of Keshopur and Dhabuli.
1551:
1549:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1025:. In this incident, five members of the
206:, were disturbed since the abolition of
2521:
2519:
2461:"रामपुर चौरम नरसंहार में 14 को उम्रकैद"
1595:. K.K. Publications. pp. 217–218.
1165:
1005:festival, a clash happened between the
491:of Bihar, two caste based gangs led by
1733:from the original on 26 September 2022
1495:. Duke University Press. p. 201.
1210:
1208:
885:also responsible for assassination of
757:Sah, Bhagwan Sah, and Rajkumar Mochi.
671:In Bathani Tola, a village located in
521:In the 'Bara massacre', 37 members of
198:Parasbigha and Dohia incidents 1979-80
119:
36:has a history of conflict between the
3140:from the original on 18 February 2023
2808:"19 nabbed for massacre of 16 people"
2698:from the original on 19 February 2021
2589:Tewary, Amarnath (15 November 2016).
2537:from the original on 29 December 2022
2308:Banerjee, Shoumojit (19 April 2012).
2273:. SAGE Publishing India. p. 33.
1956:Ghosh, S.K.; Ghosh, Srikanta (2000).
966:district, the issue of location of a
922:, he also spent considerable time in
773:. In this massacre, 7 members of the
309:In the Dalelchak-Bhagaura village of
103:The mass cremation of the victims of
7:
3080:from the original on 7 February 2023
2960:Karmakar, Debashish (8 April 2021).
2634:from the original on 8 November 2020
2009:from the original on 10 January 2021
1179:New york: Taylor and Francis group.
752:caste. In 2015, a division bench of
3175:Prabhu, Lora; Pilot, Sarah (2014).
3256:. Atlantic Publishers & Dist.
3203:. U.S. Government Printing Office.
3110:from the original on 16 March 2023
2848:from the original on 28 April 2022
2818:from the original on 28 April 2022
2788:from the original on 28 April 2022
2570:from the original on 11 March 2023
2504:from the original on 31 March 2023
2471:from the original on 11 March 2023
2441:from the original on 11 March 2023
2411:from the original on 11 March 2023
2287:from the original on 4 August 2022
2072:from the original on 11 March 2023
2042:from the original on 25 April 2021
1962:. APH Publishing. pp. 52–53.
1935:from the original on 4 August 2022
1928:Bihar, Criminalisation of Politics
1876:from the original on 31 March 2023
1844:from the original on 4 August 2022
1814:from the original on 4 August 2022
1509:from the original on 4 August 2022
1331:Nitish Kumar and the Rise of Bihar
1309:from the original on 4 August 2022
1193:from the original on 4 August 2022
846:landlords, while the victims were
25:
2972:from the original on 2 March 2023
2941:from the original on 2 March 2023
2527:"chronology of massacre in Bihar"
2381:from the original on 11 June 2022
2192:from the original on 5 April 2023
2162:from the original on 6 April 2023
2132:from the original on 6 April 2023
2102:from the original on 6 April 2023
1906:from the original on 25 July 2017
1896:"Convicts were framed: relatives"
1348:from the original on 15 July 2020
617:Bania minister in the cabinet of
434:In 1989, the ghastly massacre of
273:, the Yadavs killed 4 men of the
2911:from the original on 8 June 2022
2867:Gaikwad, Rahi (20 August 2013).
2316:. Chennai, India. Archived from
2236:Gupta, Smita (15 October 2007).
1976:from the original on 21 May 2022
1638:from the original on 3 June 2022
1599:from the original on 3 June 2022
1465:from the original on 18 May 2021
1409:Action Sociology and Development
1387:from the original on 18 May 2021
1235:from the original on 3 June 2021
573:. The victims, all belonging to
549:Maoist Communist Centre of India
305:Dalelchak-Bhagaura Massacre 1987
299:Dalelchak-Bhagaura massacre 1987
128:
3306:Caste-related violence in Bihar
3296:History of Bihar (1947–present)
3281:Caste-related violence in India
2758:from the original on 5 May 2014
1624:. APH Publishing. p. 221.
1426:from the original on 3 May 2023
1134:Caste-related violence in India
325:, an organisation dominated by
105:Dalelchak-bhagora massacre 1987
3214:. Deep and Deep Publications.
1076:Member of Legislative Assembly
970:temple led to a clash between
942:community while 2 belonged to
814:In the Senari village (now in
748:. All the victims belonged to
691:Laxmanpur Bathe massacre, 1996
352:1988 Nonhigarh-Nagwan massacre
269:of Bihar on the south bank of
1:
2367:. Anthem Press. p. 133.
2028:Singh, Santosh (7 May 2016).
1556:Ninan, T.N.; Ahmed, Farzand.
1451:. Routledge. pp. 34–35.
1254:Kumar, Nikhil (22 May 2016).
993:" led the Rajputs to attack.
529:. According to the report of
34:Caste based violence in Bihar
3229:Gangoli, Geetanjali (2016).
1621:Terrorism, World Under Siege
1149:2005 Jahanabad prison attack
1001:In 2021, on the occasion of
740:1998 Rampur Chauram massacre
2531:South Asia Terrorism Portal
587:Shri Bhagwan Singh Kushwaha
3327:
1925:Vikāsa Kumāra Jhā (1996).
1800:10.1177/030639689603800101
1334:. Viking. pp. 82–83.
1221:. M.E.Sharpe. p. 59.
1099:, which is located in the
889:, a member of parliament.
857:
834:Shankarbigha massacre 1999
694:
667:1996 Bathani Tola massacre
664:
661:Bathani Tola massacre 1996
558:
514:
427:
398:Danwar-Bihta massacre 1989
302:
141:
116:Bhojpur Killings (1971–76)
44:who were mostly poor. The
27:Caste wars of Bihar, India
18:List of massacres in Bihar
1373:. Routledge. p. 34.
1295:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
1091:Chhapra mob lynching 2023
705:, a militia dominated by
360:, 19 people belonging to
127:
2688:"Laloo, Aaloo and Baloo"
1173:Kunnath, George (2018).
1080:Kushwaha Shivpujan Mehta
1013:community and the local
962:In the Baddi village of
893:2000 Lakhisarai massacre
761:1999 Usri Bazar massacre
697:Laxmanpur Bathe massacre
525:caste were slain by the
265:In a bloody showdown in
194:people were the victim.
3208:Saxena, Shobha (1995).
2361:Kumar, Ashwani (2008).
1489:Bonner, Arthur (1990).
1289:"ch13.A bit of muscles"
1287:Singh, Santosh (2015).
1057:caste into conflict in
1037:2022 Sujit Mehta murder
997:Madhubani massacre 2021
782:1999 Bheempura massacre
527:Maoist Communist Centre
467:Satyendra Narayan Singh
430:1989 Bhagalpur violence
424:Bhagalpur massacre 1989
406:district of Bihar. The
323:Maoist Communist Centre
244:Pipra Massacre, 1979-80
2267:Kumar, Sanjay (2018).
1023:Bharatiya Janata Party
930:Khagaria Massacre 2009
737:
248:Pipra is a village in
186:landless peasants and
112:
3250:Roy, Amitabh (2005).
1618:Ghosh, S. K. (1995).
1589:Kumar, Ashok (2022).
1215:Omvedt, Gail (1993).
1154:2004 Lahsuna massacre
1045:, Suman Devi brought
792:Bhartiya Janata Party
579:Bhartiya Janata Party
571:Indian People's Front
384:Indian People's Front
261:1983, Munger massacre
178:Belchhi massacre 1977
144:1970 Bhojpur uprising
102:
58:middle peasant castes
2653:Chakraborty, Tapas.
2407:. 26 February 2015.
2248:on 24 September 2015
1105:Rashtriya Janata Dal
810:Senari massacre 1999
800:Rashtriya Janata Dal
109:upper backward caste
68:under the banner of
3311:Bihar-related lists
3076:. 6 February 2023.
1406:Pathak, B. (1992).
1059:Aurangabad district
899:Lakhisarai district
854:Afsar massacre 2000
637:Nadhi massacre 1996
623:District Magistrate
583:Janata Dal (United)
555:1993 Ichri massacre
440:Ram Mandir movement
311:Aurangabad district
237:middle range castes
3286:Massacres in India
3170:. 26 January 2006.
2966:The Times of India
2907:. 18 August 2013.
2905:The Times of India
2844:. 3 October 2009.
2842:The Times of India
2814:. 8 October 2009.
2784:. 3 October 2009.
2782:The Indian Express
2465:LiveHindustanTimes
2342:on 10 January 2021
2035:The Indian Express
1726:The Times of India
1328:Sinha, A. (2011).
1261:The Times of India
1115:caste visited his
798:accused leader of
767:Jehanabad district
716:Human Rights Watch
611:Brij Bihari Prasad
511:Bara massacre 1992
358:Jahanabad district
113:
3050:. 17 October 2022
2603:on 9 January 2021
2374:978-1-84331-709-8
1840:. 7 August 2015.
1570:on 6 January 2021
1458:978-1-134-06111-2
1341:978-0-670-08459-3
1268:on 6 January 2021
1186:978-1-138-09955-5
958:Rohtas riots 2013
803:Lalu Prasad Yadav
796:Sushil Kumar Modi
627:Anand Mohan Singh
619:Lalu Prasad Yadav
591:Indian Penal Code
505:Lalu Prasad Yadav
501:Mandal Commission
493:Anand Mohan Singh
334:Bindeshwari Dubey
166:, Rameswar Ahir,
140:
139:
16:(Redirected from
3318:
3267:
3246:
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2937:. 8 April 2021.
2927:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2916:
2897:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2877:. Archived from
2864:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2853:
2834:
2828:
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2798:
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2733:
2714:
2708:
2707:
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2683:
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2674:
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2663:. Archived from
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2644:
2643:
2641:
2639:
2619:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2608:
2599:. Archived from
2586:
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2416:
2397:
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2388:
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2358:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2338:. Archived from
2328:
2322:
2321:
2305:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2264:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2244:. Archived from
2233:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2178:
2172:
2171:
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2148:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2088:
2082:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2068:. 2 March 2023.
2058:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2014:
1995:Ahmed, Farzand.
1992:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1953:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1902:. 21 June 2007.
1892:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1788:Race & Class
1779:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1759:. Archived from
1749:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1717:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1697:. Archived from
1687:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1671:on 29 April 2021
1667:. Archived from
1654:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1586:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1566:. Archived from
1553:
1544:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1525:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1486:
1475:
1474:
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1355:
1353:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1264:. Archived from
1251:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1212:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1170:
1139:2018 Bihar riots
754:Patna High Court
685:Patna High Court
641:In 1996, in the
567:Bhojpur district
462:the case blamed
391:Bhagwat Jha Azad
375:Bhagwat Jha Azad
132:
131:
120:
96:is a precedent.
64:of Bihar led by
21:
3326:
3325:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3317:
3316:
3315:
3291:Anti-Brahminism
3271:
3270:
3264:
3249:
3243:
3228:
3222:
3207:
3195:
3189:
3174:
3164:"Casteist fire"
3162:
3159:
3157:Further reading
3154:
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2812:Hindustan Times
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2791:
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2776:
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2771:
2761:
2759:
2746:
2745:
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2731:
2729:
2728:on 4 March 2019
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2325:
2320:on 3 June 2022.
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2186:Hindustan Times
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2066:Hindustan Times
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2012:
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1994:
1993:
1989:
1979:
1977:
1970:
1959:Bihar in Flames
1955:
1954:
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1936:
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1909:
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1900:Hindustan Times
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1729:. 6 June 2003.
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1064:Palamu district
1039:
999:
960:
932:
895:
862:
856:
842:, a militia of
836:
812:
784:
763:
742:
699:
693:
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651:Schedule Castes
639:
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563:
557:
519:
513:
485:
432:
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341:Laxmanpur Bathe
307:
301:
284:
267:Munger district
263:
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200:
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146:
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123:External videos
118:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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3314:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3301:Crime in Bihar
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3273:
3272:
3269:
3268:
3262:
3247:
3242:978-1317117469
3241:
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3188:978-9383074112
3187:
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3091:
3061:
3048:Indian Express
3035:
3023:Dainik Bhaskar
3010:
2983:
2952:
2922:
2892:
2881:on 9 June 2022
2859:
2829:
2799:
2769:
2754:. 3 May 2014.
2752:Times of India
2739:
2709:
2686:Kumar, Salil.
2678:
2667:on 26 May 2022
2645:
2622:Pandey, Alok.
2614:
2581:
2564:Times of India
2548:
2515:
2482:
2452:
2435:Times of India
2422:
2405:Times of India
2392:
2373:
2353:
2323:
2300:
2280:978-9352805860
2279:
2259:
2238:"Pinned Lynch"
2228:
2216:Times of India
2203:
2173:
2156:prabhat khabar
2143:
2113:
2083:
2053:
2020:
1987:
1968:
1948:
1917:
1887:
1855:
1825:
1774:
1763:on 9 June 2022
1744:
1712:
1701:on 13 May 2023
1682:
1657:Verma, Nalin.
1649:
1630:
1610:
1581:
1545:
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1501:
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1398:
1380:978-1134061112
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1302:978-9385436420
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1092:
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860:Afsar massacre
858:Main article:
855:
852:
835:
832:
816:Arwal district
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808:
783:
780:
762:
759:
746:Arwal district
741:
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695:Main article:
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665:Main article:
662:
659:
638:
635:
633:for doing so.
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111:" led militia.
62:Bhojpur region
48:abolition and
38:Forward Castes
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14:
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3:
2:
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3235:. Routledge.
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2098:(in Hindi).
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1568:the original
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1266:the original
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1217:
1195:. Retrieved
1175:
1168:
1117:poultry farm
1094:
1072:social media
1040:
1000:
984:
961:
933:
896:
863:
837:
813:
785:
765:In 1999, in
764:
743:
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670:
640:
631:Munna Shukla
607:Munna Shukla
600:
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42:Lower Castes
33:
31:
29:
3134:India Today
3104:India Today
2002:India Today
1980:15 December
1869:India Today
1838:India Today
1794:(1): 1–20.
1757:India Today
1695:India Today
1563:India Today
1533:India Today
1513:14 February
882:Ashok Mahto
840:Ranvir Sena
771:Ranvir Sena
703:Ranvir Sena
532:India Today
497:Pappu Yadav
489:Kosi region
408:Upper Caste
160:landlordism
3275:Categories
3263:8126904097
3221:817100797X
3181:. Zubaan.
3084:8 February
2976:8 February
2945:8 February
2692:reddif.com
2498:reddif.com
2126:Amar Ujala
2096:jagran.com
1969:8176481602
1910:8 February
1880:8 February
1848:19 October
1818:8 February
1631:8170246652
1502:0822310481
1391:27 January
1228:0765631768
1160:References
887:Rajo Singh
878:Sheikhpura
559:See also:
212:Tekari Raj
142:See also:
3168:Frontline
3054:12 August
3028:11 August
3003:12 August
2935:The Hindu
2874:The Hindu
2671:13 August
2638:20 August
2607:20 August
2596:The Hindu
2314:The Hindu
2298:district.
2046:12 August
2013:12 August
1808:143896219
1068:Jharkhand
1019:Madhubani
986:The Hindu
872:caste in
647:Bhumihars
541:Bhumihars
250:Jehanabad
229:naxalites
220:Bhumihars
208:Zamindari
153:Ujjainiya
94:Bhagalpur
50:communist
46:Zamindari
3144:30 March
3138:Archived
3114:30 March
3108:Archived
3078:Archived
3074:India Tv
2970:Archived
2939:Archived
2909:Archived
2852:28 April
2846:Archived
2822:28 April
2816:Archived
2792:28 April
2786:Archived
2756:Archived
2696:Archived
2632:Archived
2574:30 March
2568:Archived
2541:30 March
2535:Archived
2508:30 March
2502:Archived
2475:11 March
2469:Archived
2445:11 March
2439:Archived
2415:11 March
2409:Archived
2379:Archived
2285:Archived
2190:Archived
2160:Archived
2130:Archived
2100:Archived
2076:11 March
2070:Archived
2040:Archived
2007:Archived
1974:Archived
1933:Archived
1904:Archived
1874:Archived
1842:Archived
1812:Archived
1731:Archived
1675:9 August
1636:Archived
1597:Archived
1574:9 August
1538:30 March
1507:Archived
1463:Archived
1424:Archived
1385:Archived
1346:Archived
1307:Archived
1272:9 August
1233:Archived
1191:Archived
1128:See also
1047:Kushwaha
974:and the
944:Kushwaha
936:Khagaria
907:Bhumihar
844:Bhumihar
788:Bhumihar
775:Bhumihar
750:Bhumihar
707:Bhumihar
523:Bhumihar
366:Bhumihar
172:Bhumihar
54:Marxists
2732:4 March
2702:25 July
2385:11 June
2346:20 July
2291:11 June
2242:Outlook
2221:6 March
2196:6 March
2166:6 March
2136:6 March
2106:6 March
1469:17 June
1352:7 April
1313:16 June
1239:16 June
1109:Mukhiya
1097:Chhapra
1011:Brahmin
1007:militia
980:Rajputs
976:Chamars
972:Rajputs
968:Ravidas
952:Musahar
916:Lucknow
828:Paswans
673:Bhojpur
649:on the
643:Bhojpur
487:In the
472:Muslims
444:Ayodhya
436:Muslims
404:Bhojpur
380:quintal
214:pitted
156:Rajputs
149:Bhojpur
3260:
3239:
3218:
3185:
2915:8 June
2885:8 June
2762:15 May
2371:
2277:
2252:27 May
1966:
1939:4 June
1806:
1767:9 June
1737:13 May
1705:13 May
1642:27 May
1628:
1603:27 May
1499:
1455:
1416:
1377:
1338:
1299:
1225:
1197:29 May
1183:
1113:Rajput
1085:Mumbai
1055:Rajput
1053:) and
1027:Rajput
1015:Rajput
991:Dalits
964:Rohtas
948:Maoist
874:Nawada
848:Dalits
733:vagina
725:breast
711:Dalits
677:Rajput
575:Rajput
545:Dalits
448:Hindus
413:Rajput
327:Yadavs
319:Rajput
288:Munger
275:Dhanuk
271:Ganges
224:Dalits
216:Yadavs
192:Dusadh
184:Paswan
74:Dalits
1804:S2CID
1430:3 May
1122:Patna
1051:Koeri
940:Kurmi
924:Nepal
903:Yadav
870:Koeri
866:Kurmi
824:Yadav
729:raped
681:Arrah
613:, an
537:Yadav
476:Koeri
442:" at
418:Dalit
370:Yadav
362:Dalit
345:rapes
315:Yadav
204:Patna
188:Kurmi
90:Arrah
86:Koeri
82:Kurmi
78:Yadav
3258:ISBN
3237:ISBN
3216:ISBN
3183:ISBN
3146:2023
3116:2023
3086:2023
3056:2023
3030:2023
3005:2023
2978:2023
2947:2023
2917:2022
2887:2022
2854:2022
2824:2022
2794:2022
2764:2023
2734:2019
2704:2020
2673:2020
2640:2020
2628:NDTV
2609:2020
2576:2023
2543:2023
2510:2023
2477:2023
2447:2023
2417:2023
2387:2022
2369:ISBN
2348:2020
2293:2022
2275:ISBN
2254:2022
2223:2023
2198:2023
2168:2023
2138:2023
2108:2023
2078:2023
2048:2020
2015:2020
1982:2020
1964:ISBN
1941:2022
1912:2023
1882:2023
1850:2019
1820:2013
1769:2022
1739:2023
1707:2023
1677:2020
1644:2022
1626:ISBN
1605:2022
1576:2020
1540:2023
1515:2021
1497:ISBN
1471:2021
1453:ISBN
1432:2023
1414:ISBN
1393:2021
1375:ISBN
1354:2015
1336:ISBN
1315:2020
1297:ISBN
1274:2020
1241:2020
1223:ISBN
1199:2020
1181:ISBN
1003:Holi
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