994:
750:
707:
543:
61:
369:
422:
43:
465:
504:
903:
312:
661:
1051:
586:
860:
1108:
1165:
Leopoldo II was driven from
Tuscany by revolution from 21 February to 12 April 1849, and again on 27 April 1859. He abdicated in favor of his son, Ferdinando IV, on 21 July 1859, but Ferdinando IV was never recognized in Tuscany, and was deposed by the provisional government on 16 August. Tuscany
264:
The Grand Duchy of
Tuscany was the first period after centuries of political divisions, when most of the region was under the rule of a single leader. The Grand Duchy's territory comprised almost the entire region of present-day Tuscany, with the exception of the
993:
749:
248:
among others. However, with the territorial expansion of
Florence, Tuscany began to "come together" again under one single leadership. This situation became even clearer with the creation of the
706:
1666:
1523:
1539:
1507:
176:, since 1434, first as Lords of Florence and later as Dukes. The title of Grand Duke, was in fact the second title of recognition within the Tuscan politics given by a
1471:
1499:
1531:
68:
1515:
542:
60:
1070:
1491:
158:
95:
1140:
388:
1083:
252:
in 1569. Over the years, the Grand duchy managed to absorb practically the entire region of present-day
Tuscany, until its own final annexation to the
1229:
1127:
604:
1636:
1563:
1464:
999:
755:
1279:
368:
1661:
1587:
1113:
110:
1641:
1193:
216:
1575:
1056:
105:
561:
1631:
1656:
1616:
1457:
181:
1555:
1388:
712:
1304:
829:. The Kingdom was a creation of Napoleon to replace the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, comprising a large part of modern Tuscany.
1621:
1547:
878:
666:
1651:
1611:
421:
1646:
509:
1153:
1096:
1039:
1026:
1013:
795:
782:
769:
738:
591:
483:
464:
427:
274:
42:
908:
374:
359:
1671:
1626:
270:
548:
503:
228:. Beginning in the 11th century, the region was fully divided into several independent cities, which included
1199:
698:
470:
1204:
934:
891:
818:
317:
249:
225:
173:
921:
902:
522:
440:
1354:
311:
725:
278:
233:
1429:
1167:
169:
1329:
1209:
1188:
865:
826:
812:
212:
1305:"La dinastia dei Medici: chi furono i signori di Firenze che governarono per centinaia di anni"
1384:
692:
331:
266:
241:
237:
1254:
1183:
344:
253:
229:
208:
185:
947:
617:
574:
531:
492:
453:
410:
401:
353:
162:
17:
165:. His coronation took place in Rome on March 5, 1570, by the hands of the Pope himself.
660:
1404:
1230:"COSIMO I de' Medici, duca di Firenze, granduca di Toscana in "Dizionario Biografico""
1050:
1605:
679:
610:
567:
192:
137:
697:
Great-great-great-grandson of
Francesco I, received Tuscany per the terms of the
154:
1107:
585:
859:
150:
1330:"Palazzo Pitti: il più prestigioso edificio di Firenze dai Medici ai Savoia"
1146:
1449:
1280:"ALESSANDRO de' Medici, primo duca di Firenze in "Dizionario Biografico""
1032:
822:
788:
446:
394:
337:
221:
196:
1133:
1076:
1089:
1019:
884:
775:
731:
685:
245:
927:
177:
1453:
1259:
Skuola.net - Portale per
Studenti: Materiali, Appunti e Notizie
1405:"Kingdom of Etruria | historical kingdom, Europe | Britannica"
1189:
History of
Tuscany § Republican governments, c. 1000–1805
213:
History of
Tuscany § Republican governments, c. 1000–1805
946:
Tuscany was annexed by France, 1807–1814. Napoleon's sister
224:
reigned in the 9th century when the region was part of the
168:
Cosimo's family, the Medici dynasty, had been ruling the
1184:
March of
Tuscany § Margraves of Tuscany, 812–1197
209:
March of
Tuscany § Margraves of Tuscany, 812–1197
965:
831:
632:
283:
1381:
Storia d'Italia. Il Granducato di Toscana. I Medici
962:
Habsburg-Lorraine grand dukes of Tuscany, 1814–1860
629:
Habsburg-Lorraine grand dukes of Tuscany, 1737–1801
133:
125:
117:
101:
91:
86:
82:
54:
32:
191:The official residence of the Grand Dukes was the
362:, later became the first Grand Duke of Tuscany.
180:to the Medici family, the first being that of
1465:
8:
954:, but did not actually rule over the region.
1667:Royal houses of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany
1472:
1458:
1450:
29:
1255:"Storia della famiglia Medici di Firenze"
807:Bourbon-Parma kings of Etruria, 1801–1807
260:Medici grand dukes of Tuscany, 1569–1737
1221:
605:Anna Maria Franziska of Saxe-Lauenburg
1328:Candidi, Vieri Tommasi (2019-08-29).
7:
480:17 February 1609 – 28 February 1621
149:was created on August 27, 1569 by a
1430:"LA FINE DEL GRANDUCATO DI TOSCANA"
1355:"Toscana in "Dizionario di Storia""
743:Second son of Francesco II Stefano
1194:List of heads of state of Florence
437:19 October 1587 – 7 February 1609
217:List of heads of state of Florence
27:Grand Dukes of Tuscany (1569–1859)
25:
1084:Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies
1063:3 October 1797 – 29 January 1870
915:22 December 1799 – 16 April 1883
896:Grandson of Francesco II Stefano
673:8 December 1708 – 18 August 1765
555:14 August 1642 – 31 October 1723
1106:
1049:
992:
950:was given the honorary title of
901:
858:
748:
705:
659:
584:
541:
502:
463:
420:
384:21 April 1574 – 17 October 1587
381:25 March 1541 – 19 October 1587
367:
310:
199:, bought by the Medici in 1549.
59:
41:
1120:10 June 1835 – 17 January 1908
918:27 May 1803 – 10 December 1807
519:28 February 1621 – 23 May 1670
477:12 May 1590 – 28 February 1621
434:30 July 1549 – 3 February 1609
327:21 August 1569 – 21 April 1574
182:Duke of the Florentine Republic
722:18 August 1765 – 22 July 1790
676:12 July 1737 – 18 August 1765
601:31 October 1723 – 9 July 1737
558:23 May 1670 – 31 October 1723
1:
1123:21 July 1859 – 22 March 1860
1009:27 April 1814 – 18 June 1824
765:22 July 1790 – 3 August 1801
324:12 June 1519 – 21 April 1574
73:23 May 1670 – 31 October 1723
1066:18 June 1824 – 21 July 1859
875:21 March 1801 – 27 May 1803
161:, member of the illustrious
1637:Lists of monarchs in Europe
562:Marguerite Louise d'Orléans
516:14 July 1610 – 23 May 1670
1688:
1662:House of Habsburg-Lorraine
1027:Maria Ferdinanda of Saxony
1014:Luisa of Naples and Sicily
1006:6 May 1769 – 18 June 1824
872:5 July 1773 – 27 May 1803
821:were placed as "Kings" by
810:
783:Maria Ferdinanda of Saxony
770:Luisa of Naples and Sicily
762:6 May 1769 – 18 June 1824
719:5 May 1747 – 1 March 1792
598:24 May 1671 – 9 July 1737
484:Maria Maddalena of Austria
275:Duchy of Massa and Carrara
206:
1642:Lists of Italian nobility
1487:
986:
980:
977:
974:
971:
852:
846:
843:
840:
837:
800:Second son of Leopoldo I
653:
647:
644:
641:
638:
360:Giovanni dalle Bande Nere
304:
298:
295:
292:
289:
172:, the predecessor of the
78:
58:
40:
18:List of rulers of Tuscany
1428:Redazione (2014-09-19).
968:
952:Grand Duchess of Tuscany
834:
635:
511:Ferdinando II de' Medici
286:
271:Principality of Piombino
48:Coat of arms (1569–1737)
1632:Lists of Italian people
1200:List of Tuscan consorts
593:Gian Gastone de' Medici
429:Ferdinando I de' Medici
1657:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
1617:Grand dukes of Tuscany
1481:Grand dukes of Tuscany
1205:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
1101:Son of Ferdinando III
376:Francesco I de' Medici
250:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
226:Margraviate of Tuscany
174:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
1309:www.visitflorence.com
922:Maria Teresa of Savoy
579:Son of Ferdinando II
550:Cosimo III de' Medici
523:Vittoria della Rovere
441:Christina of Lorraine
207:Further information:
147:Grand Duke of Tuscany
69:Cosimo III de' Medici
1622:Margraves of Tuscany
1071:Maria Anna of Saxony
879:Maria Luisa of Spain
726:Maria Luisa of Spain
668:Francesco II Stefano
497:Son of Ferdinando I
472:Cosimo II de' Medici
279:State of the Presidi
1652:History of Florence
1612:People from Tuscany
1158:Son of Leopoldo II
319:Cosimo I de' Medici
170:Florentine Republic
159:Cosimo I de' Medici
96:Cosimo I de' Medici
1647:History of Tuscany
1409:www.britannica.com
1210:History of Tuscany
939:Son of Ludovico I
827:Kingdom of Etruria
813:Kingdom of Etruria
622:Son of Cosimo III
113:(de facto/titular)
92:First monarch
1599:
1598:
1548:Francesco Stefano
1170:on 22 March 1860.
1168:Piedmont-Sardinia
1162:
1161:
1154:Habsburg-Lorraine
1097:Habsburg-Lorraine
1040:Habsburg-Lorraine
1017:19 September 1790
943:
942:
804:
803:
796:Habsburg-Lorraine
773:19 September 1790
739:Habsburg-Lorraine
626:
625:
536:Son of Cosimo II
389:Joanna of Austria
332:Eleanor of Toledo
267:Republic of Lucca
143:
142:
102:Last monarch
16:(Redirected from
1679:
1474:
1467:
1460:
1451:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1440:
1425:
1419:
1418:
1416:
1415:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1376:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1366:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1341:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1315:
1301:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1291:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1251:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1241:
1226:
1131:24 November 1856
1110:
1053:
996:
966:
925:5 September 1820
905:
862:
832:
817:Period that the
752:
729:16 February 1764
709:
699:Treaty of Vienna
683:12 February 1736
663:
633:
588:
545:
506:
467:
458:Son of Cosimo I
424:
415:Son of Cosimo I
392:18 December 1565
371:
345:Camilla Martelli
314:
284:
254:Kingdom of Italy
186:Pope Clement VII
66:Longest reigning
63:
45:
36:
30:
21:
1687:
1686:
1682:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1677:
1676:
1672:Tuscan nobility
1627:House of Medici
1602:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1483:
1478:
1448:
1447:
1438:
1436:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1413:
1411:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1391:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1364:
1362:
1359:www.treccani.it
1353:
1352:
1348:
1339:
1337:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1313:
1311:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1289:
1287:
1284:www.treccani.it
1278:
1277:
1273:
1264:
1262:
1253:
1252:
1248:
1239:
1237:
1234:www.treccani.it
1228:
1227:
1223:
1218:
1180:
1174:
1166:was annexed by
1149:
1145:
1144:11 January 1868
1143:
1138:
1136:
1132:
1130:
1092:
1088:
1086:
1081:
1079:
1075:
1074:28 October 1817
1073:
1035:
1031:
1029:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1016:
964:
958:
948:Elisa Bonaparte
930:
926:
924:
887:
883:
881:
815:
809:
791:
787:
785:
780:
778:
774:
772:
734:
730:
728:
688:
684:
682:
631:
613:
609:
607:
570:
566:
564:
527:
525:
488:
486:
449:
445:
443:
406:
404:
402:Bianca Cappello
399:
397:
393:
391:
349:
347:
342:
340:
336:
334:
262:
219:
205:
163:House of Medici
109:
74:
72:
67:
50:
34:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1685:
1683:
1675:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1604:
1603:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1593:
1585:
1573:
1564:Ferdinando III
1561:
1553:
1545:
1537:
1529:
1521:
1513:
1505:
1497:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1469:
1462:
1454:
1446:
1445:
1420:
1396:
1389:
1383:(in Italian).
1371:
1346:
1320:
1296:
1271:
1246:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1196:(1434 to 1569)
1191:
1186:
1179:
1176:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1151:
1141:Alice of Parma
1128:Anna of Saxony
1124:
1121:
1118:
1111:
1103:
1102:
1099:
1094:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1054:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1037:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:Ferdinando III
997:
989:
988:
985:
982:
979:
976:
973:
970:
963:
960:
941:
940:
937:
932:
919:
916:
913:
906:
898:
897:
894:
889:
882:25 August 1795
876:
873:
870:
863:
855:
854:
851:
848:
845:
842:
839:
836:
811:Main article:
808:
805:
802:
801:
798:
793:
766:
763:
760:
757:Ferdinando III
753:
745:
744:
741:
736:
723:
720:
717:
710:
702:
701:
695:
690:
677:
674:
671:
664:
656:
655:
652:
649:
646:
643:
640:
637:
630:
627:
624:
623:
620:
615:
602:
599:
596:
589:
581:
580:
577:
572:
559:
556:
553:
546:
538:
537:
534:
529:
520:
517:
514:
507:
499:
498:
495:
490:
481:
478:
475:
468:
460:
459:
456:
451:
438:
435:
432:
425:
417:
416:
413:
408:
385:
382:
379:
372:
364:
363:
356:
351:
328:
325:
322:
315:
307:
306:
303:
300:
297:
294:
291:
288:
261:
258:
204:
201:
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
129:16 August 1859
127:
123:
122:
121:27 August 1569
119:
115:
114:
103:
99:
98:
93:
89:
88:
84:
83:
80:
79:
76:
75:
64:
56:
55:
52:
51:
46:
38:
37:
33:Grand Duke of
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1684:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1592:
1589:
1588:Ferdinando IV
1586:
1584:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1524:Ferdinando II
1522:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1482:
1475:
1470:
1468:
1463:
1461:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1435:
1431:
1424:
1421:
1410:
1406:
1400:
1397:
1392:
1386:
1382:
1379:Diaz, Furio.
1375:
1372:
1360:
1356:
1350:
1347:
1335:
1334:TuscanyPeople
1331:
1324:
1321:
1310:
1306:
1300:
1297:
1285:
1281:
1275:
1272:
1260:
1256:
1250:
1247:
1235:
1231:
1225:
1222:
1215:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1148:
1142:
1135:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1116:
1115:Ferdinando IV
1112:
1109:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1085:
1078:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1048:
1047:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1034:
1028:
1021:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1002:
998:
995:
991:
990:
983:
967:
961:
959:
956:
955:
951:
949:
938:
936:
935:Bourbon-Parma
933:
929:
923:
920:
917:
914:
912:
911:
907:
904:
900:
899:
895:
893:
892:Bourbon-Parma
890:
886:
880:
877:
874:
871:
869:
868:
864:
861:
857:
856:
849:
833:
830:
828:
824:
820:
819:Bourbon-Parma
814:
806:
799:
797:
794:
790:
784:
777:
771:
767:
764:
761:
759:
758:
754:
751:
747:
746:
742:
740:
737:
733:
727:
724:
721:
718:
716:
715:
711:
708:
704:
703:
700:
696:
694:
691:
687:
681:
680:Maria Theresa
678:
675:
672:
670:
669:
665:
662:
658:
657:
650:
634:
628:
621:
619:
616:
612:
606:
603:
600:
597:
595:
594:
590:
587:
583:
582:
578:
576:
573:
569:
565:17 April 1661
563:
560:
557:
554:
552:
551:
547:
544:
540:
539:
535:
533:
530:
524:
521:
518:
515:
513:
512:
508:
505:
501:
500:
496:
494:
491:
485:
482:
479:
476:
474:
473:
469:
466:
462:
461:
457:
455:
452:
448:
442:
439:
436:
433:
431:
430:
426:
423:
419:
418:
414:
412:
409:
403:
396:
390:
386:
383:
380:
378:
377:
373:
370:
366:
365:
361:
357:
355:
352:
346:
339:
333:
329:
326:
323:
321:
320:
316:
313:
309:
308:
301:
285:
282:
280:
276:
272:
268:
259:
257:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
218:
214:
210:
202:
200:
198:
194:
193:Palazzo Pitti
189:
187:
184:, created by
183:
179:
175:
171:
166:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
145:The title of
139:
138:Palazzo Pitti
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
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97:
94:
90:
85:
81:
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71:
70:
62:
57:
53:
49:
44:
39:
31:
19:
1590:
1582:
1578:
1570:
1566:
1558:
1550:
1542:
1540:Gian Gastone
1534:
1526:
1518:
1510:
1508:Ferdinando I
1502:
1494:
1480:
1437:. Retrieved
1433:
1423:
1412:. Retrieved
1408:
1399:
1380:
1374:
1363:. Retrieved
1361:(in Italian)
1358:
1349:
1338:. Retrieved
1336:(in Italian)
1333:
1323:
1312:. Retrieved
1308:
1299:
1288:. Retrieved
1286:(in Italian)
1283:
1274:
1263:. Retrieved
1261:(in Italian)
1258:
1249:
1238:. Retrieved
1236:(in Italian)
1233:
1224:
1173:
1164:
1163:
1150:10 children
1114:
1093:10 children
1057:
1000:
957:
953:
945:
944:
909:
866:
816:
756:
735:16 children
713:
689:16 children
667:
592:
549:
526:6 April 1637
510:
471:
428:
405:10 June 1579
375:
335:29 June 1539
318:
263:
220:
190:
167:
146:
144:
111:Ferdinand IV
65:
47:
1583:(1849–1859)
1579:(1824–1849)
1576:Leopoldo II
1571:(1814–1824)
1567:(1790–1801)
1559:(1765–1790)
1551:(1737-1765)
1543:(1723–1737)
1535:(1670–1723)
1527:(1621–1670)
1519:(1609–1621)
1511:(1587–1609)
1503:(1574-1587)
1500:Francesco I
1495:(1569–1574)
1137:2 daughters
1087:7 June 1833
1058:Leopoldo II
987:Succession
931:2 children
910:Ludovico II
888:2 children
853:Succession
654:Succession
608:2 July 1697
571:3 children
528:4 children
489:8 children
450:9 children
350:1 daughter
341:11 children
305:Succession
155:Pope Pius V
1606:Categories
1556:Leopoldo I
1532:Cosimo III
1439:2023-06-30
1434:PostPopuli
1414:2023-06-30
1390:8802024510
1365:2023-05-27
1340:2023-06-30
1314:2023-06-30
1290:2023-06-30
1265:2023-06-30
1240:2023-06-30
1216:References
1080:4 children
1030:6 May 1821
1023:6 children
867:Ludovico I
786:6 May 1821
779:6 children
714:Leopoldo I
611:Düsseldorf
398:8 children
203:Background
151:papal bull
106:Leopold II
1516:Cosimo II
1147:Frohsdorf
1044:Restored
1036:no issue
981:Consorts
975:Lifespan
969:Portrait
847:Consorts
841:Lifespan
835:Portrait
792:no issue
648:Consorts
642:Lifespan
636:Portrait
614:no issue
299:Consorts
293:Lifespan
287:Portrait
222:Margraves
188:in 1532.
134:Residence
126:Abolition
118:Formation
108:(de jure)
1492:Cosimo I
1178:See also
1033:Florence
823:Napoleon
789:Florence
693:Lorraine
447:Florence
395:Florence
338:Florence
277:and the
234:Florence
197:Florence
1134:Dresden
1077:Dresden
825:in the
358:Son of
87:Details
35:Tuscany
1591:(1859)
1581:&
1569:&
1387:
1090:Naples
1020:Vienna
984:House
978:Reign
885:Madrid
850:House
844:Reign
776:Vienna
732:Madrid
686:Vienna
651:House
645:Reign
618:Medici
575:Medici
568:Louvre
532:Medici
493:Medici
454:Medici
411:Medici
407:1 son
354:Medici
302:House
296:Reign
273:, the
269:, the
246:Arezzo
215:; and
972:Name
928:Lucca
838:Name
639:Name
290:Name
242:Lucca
238:Siena
1385:ISBN
1139:(2)
1126:(1)
1082:(2)
1069:(1)
1025:(2)
1012:(1)
781:(2)
768:(1)
487:1608
444:1589
400:(2)
387:(1)
348:1570
343:(2)
330:(1)
230:Pisa
178:Pope
195:in
157:to
153:of
1608::
1432:.
1407:.
1357:.
1332:.
1307:.
1282:.
1257:.
1232:.
281:.
256:.
244:,
240:,
236:,
232:,
211:;
1473:e
1466:t
1459:v
1442:.
1417:.
1393:.
1368:.
1343:.
1317:.
1293:.
1268:.
1243:.
20:)
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