35:
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1878:, Aung Cheimt, Ma Ei, Maung Chaw Nwe, Maung Pyiyt Min, Khin Aung Aye, Zeyar Lynn, Maung Thein Zaw, Moe Zaw, Moe Way, ko ko thett, Eaindra, Pandora and Maung Yu Py, and was published by Arc Publications Anthologies in Translation series and, later in 2013, by Northern Illinois University Press in the United States. This bilingual English/Burmese edition of poetry is regarded as the first anthology of modern Burmese poetry in the West.
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1890:(1910–1982) was the author of numerous volumes of ethnic minority folklore, novels about inmates in U Nu-era jails, and biographies of people working in different occupations. The prime minister U Nu himself wrote several politically oriented plays and novels. Other writers who came of age prior to 1947 during the colonial era included
1789:. Poetry is also a popular genre today, as it was during the monarchical times, but unlike novels and other works, which use literary Burmese, may use the vernacular, instead of literary Burmese. This reform movement is led by left-leaning writers who believe laymen's language (the vernacular and colloquial form of
1741:
In 1971, the government formed the
Burmese literary Commission, to develop Burmese literature further. On 5 July 1975, the Printers and Publishers' Central Registration Board, the main censorship board of the Home Ministry (four years earlier, the Board had been a part of the Information Ministry),
1656:
In addition, literary culture in Burma expanded to the masses during this period, with the arrival of printing presses and publishers, such as the
Hanthawaddy Press, a major publisher of Burmese and Buddhist works established by Phillip Ripley. In the 1920s to the 1930s, monthly literary magazines
1673:
After independence in 1948, Burmese literature developed further to adopt and assimilate
Western styles of writing. A year earlier, the Burmese Translation Society, a government-subsidised organisation, was founded to translate foreign works, especially those related to the fields of science and
1504:
times, had been dismantled. English literature was still relatively inaccessible although both
English and Burmese, in a curriculum called Anglo-Vernacular, was now taught in schools. Despite the fact that Burmese literature was well entrenched in Burmese culture, the lack of patrons to support
1765:
By 1976, only 411 titles were published annually, compared to 1882, when 445 titles were published. Various factors, especially the lengthened bureaucratic process to obtain printing permits, censorship, and increasing economic hardship of consumers because of the socialist economic schemes,
1784:
Short stories, often published in magazines, also enjoy tremendous popularity. They often deal with everyday life and have political messages (such as subtle criticisms of the capitalist system), partly because unlike novels, short stories are not censored by the
1505:
literature slowed its further development. The colonial period marked a tremendous change in
Burmese literature, which had once been patronised and innovated by members of the royal court, and was now being led by civilians such as university students.
1565:
students innovated new styles of writing, with shorter and clearer sentences, and unadorned prose, a radical transformation from royal writings of the pre-colonial eras beforehand. The movement for independence continued to fuel
Burmese literature.
2172:
79:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
1083:. These texts were translated, but Pali remained the literary medium of the Burmese kingdom. Furthermore, Pali influenced Burmese language in structure, because of literal translations of Pali text called
1516:, which further emboldened the Burmese to protect their literary and cultural heritage. Beginning in the 1920s, a nationalist movement emerged, and this influence became evident in modern novels,
65:
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or letter), which are love letters and are important sources of first-hand accounts of the economic and social changes Burma was undergoing before colonialism. During the
1022:
and
Burmese known as Anglo-Vernacular. Burmese literature played a key role in disseminating nationalism among the Burmese during the colonial era, with writers such as
1769:
Popular novels have similar themes, often involving adventure, espionage, detective work, and romance. Many writers also translate
Western novels, especially those of
1098:
The earliest works of
Burmese literature date from the Bagan dynasty. They include proses recording monarchical merit acts and poetic works, the earliest of which was
1709:. However, censorship and promotion of socialist ideology became important aims of the government, in regulating literature, as seen in the reorganisation of the
1364:
inspired romantic poems, which became popular literary sojourns among the royal class. Burmese literature during this period was therefore modelled after the
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genre, which was more emotionally involved, could be inspired by mood, place, incident, and often addressed to sweethearts and wives. Famous writers of
1701:
The socialist government, like the previous civilian government, was a patron of
Burmese literature, believing "enriching literature" to be a goal of
1500:, Burmese literature continued to flourish, even though the institution of the Burmese monarchy, the leading patron of Burmese arts and literature in
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2844:
1786:
1461:, historical chronicles, became important in the Konbaung dynasty, although they had been written since the Inwa dynasty. In 1724, U Kala wrote the
278:
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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1333:), which were compilations of brief accounts of historic cases and events in simple narrative to serve as guides and legal precedents for rulers.
1308:(1578–1619). Some parts of Laos and Cambodia also became Burmese colonies during Second Burmese Empire and thereby influenced Burmese literature.
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1249:) that revelled in the natural beauty of the seasons, forests and travel. Yawei Shin Htwe, a maid of honour, wrote another form of poetry called
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emerged in the 18th century, the Third Burmese Empire was founded. This era has been dubbed the "Golden Age of Literature", with poets such as
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1843:), Thawda Swe and Myat Htun. Distinguished female writers, who have also been an ever-present force in Burmese literary history, include
1239:(1453–1520) wrote a chronicle on the history of Buddhism. A contemporary of his, Shin Ottama Gyaw, was famous for his epic verses called
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in monasteries in towns and villages. During British colonial rule, instruction was formalised and unified, and often bilingual, in both
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finals allowed poetry to utilise various rhyming schemes. By the 15th century, four primary genres of poetry had emerged, namely
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As literature grew more liberal and secular, poetry became the most popular form of literature in Burma. The flexibility of the
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life under colonialism, also gained prominence during the nationalist period leading up to independence. The British author
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1665:(World of Classics) were published to connect readers to writers, who often published novels in serial installations.
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2085:(born 1965) Ma Sandar (1942 born) and Mi Chan Wai. One of the greatest female writers of the post-colonial period is
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1053:) for memorials or for special occasions such as the building of a temple or a monastery. Later, palm leaves called
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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1430:), a poetry type, where four syllable lines are linked in a climbing rhyme and grouped into stanzas of 30 lines.).
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writing the first Burmese novels to focus on the individual and place that character at the centre of the plot.
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1457:(1823–1826), more solemn and muted moods exuded from Burmese literature, including lyrical music. In addition,
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Buddhist monks were also influential in developing Burmese literature. Shin Aggathammadi rendered in verse the
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Distinguished female writers, who have also been an ever-present force in Burmese literary history, include
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2345:""Chewing the West":The Development of Modern Burmese Literature under the Influence of Western Literature"
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1980:
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technology. In 1963, a year after the socialist coup, the society was merged into the Sapay Beikman (
1600:(Oral Chronicles), which relied on oral tradition. Novels also came into vogue, with the first being
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Burmese literature has historically been a very important aspect of Burmese life steeped in the Pali
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were among other original and innovative authors from the colonial period. Female writers, such as
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1368:, and dramatic plays were patronised by the Burmese court. The other famous literature are called:
1106:), dated to 1455. During the Bagan and Inwa dynasties, two primary types of literature flourished,
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987:) spans over a millennium. The Burmese language, unlike other Southeast Asian languages (e.g.
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Agreement, which would have forced Burmese writers to pay royalties to the original writers.
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issued a statement to warn publishers to self-censor works (especially those criticising the
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To introduce necessary bills, acts and orders concerning literature and information agencies.
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1818:-era jails, and biographies of people working in different occupations. The prime minister
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accounts. Because of strict government censorship beginning in the 1960s with the rule of
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was the author of numerous volumes of ethnic minority folklore, novels about inmates in
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was greatly influential in spawning this anti-colonial literature with his powerful
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2473:, translated and edited by ko ko thett and James Byrne (ARC Publications, UK 2012)
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To promote participation of the people in the construction of the socialist state.
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1003:. In addition, Burmese literature tends to reflect local folklore and culture.
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1943:
1887:
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The arrival of the first printing press in Burma in 1816, sent by the British
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and Mya Kaytu, while still at university and after, in the decade before the
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Monks remained powerful in Burmese literature, compiling histories of Burma.
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appointed a committee of Burmese scholars from 1867 to 1869 to create the
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The earliest forms of Burmese literature were on stone engravings called
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1973:(1929–1998) who was known for his translations of Western classics like
1344:, Hlaing Thate Khaung Tin, Selay U Ponenya. After a second conquest of
1162:), a war poem by a monarch, was an early form of this genre in history.
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2012:
1988:
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
2093:(1915–1999) was another important writer, who wrote, among her works,
1537:) movement, a search for a new style and content, led most notably by
1348:(Thailand), many spoils of war were brought to the Burmese court. The
1150:
Non-fiction and religious works prevailed during this period although
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2436:
1939:
1915:
1759:
1438:
1420:, helped to liberalise centuries-old traditions of writing in verse (
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1232:
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1120:
1108:
768:
628:
559:
475:
386:
1524:, student writers continued to develop new forms of Burmese poetry.
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2822:
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1796:
One of the greatest female writers of the Post-colonial period is
1282:
788:
763:
376:
1810:(1955), which was translated into many languages. The journalist
1063:) were used as paper, which resulted in the rounded forms of the
2330:
Far Eastern Literatures in the 20th Century - Burmese Literature
1819:
1815:
1015:
692:
76:
3583:
2826:
2480:
1480:), covering Burmese history until 1821. A successor king, King
1311:
In the areas of law, there were two major types of literature,
2702:
2417:
University of Washington Library's Burmese literature database
1360:) was introduced and was adapted in Burmese. In addition, the
1133:
28:
1822:
himself wrote several politically oriented plays and novels.
1465:(The Great Chronicles), covering Burmese history until 1711.
1208:(historical verses written as a hybrid of epic and ode), and
2459:
Inked Over, Ripped Out: Burmese Storytellers and the Censors
1793:) ought to be used instead of formal Burmese in literature.
1724:
To defend the socialist system from its ideological enemies.
1592:) verses famous for their patriotic and satirical content.
2235:
South-East Asia: Languages and Literatures: a select guide
1804:
was another important writer, who wrote, among her works,
1647:, who was severely critical of British colonialism, wrote
1825:
Other prolific writers of the post-colonial era include
1624:, 'modern novels') became popular during this era, with
1079:
as the state religion, and brought many Pali texts from
2422:
Myanmar Historical Fiction and their Historical Context
1965:
Younger authors who became well known in Burma include
1766:
contributed to the decline of Burmese literary output.
1026:, an outspoken critic of British colonialism in Burma.
1762:, Burmese literature has become subdued in many ways.
1527:
A major landmark in Burmese literature was called the
1837:(known for his translations of Western classics like
72:
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3617:
3394:
3317:
3256:
3125:
3039:
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2514:
1014:. Traditionally, Burmese children were educated by
68:
a machine-translated version of the French article.
2233:Herbert, Patricia; Milner, Anthony Milner (1989).
2097:(1955), which was translated into many languages.
1874:and James Byrne. It featured poetry from Tin Moe,
2332:. England: Oldcastle Books. pp. 2, 5–6, 8–9.
1323:), which appeared prior to the 13th century, and
2442:Burmese Literature, Northern Illinois University
2286:. Hutchinson University Library. pp. 32–33.
1707:System of Correlation of Man and his Environment
2467:A Review by Maung Swan Yi, VOA 1 September 2006
2471:Bones will Crow: 15 Contemporary Burmese Poets
2375:Statistics available on page 86 of U Thaung's
1999:(born 1967). Other well-known authors include
1868:Bones Will Crow: 15 Contemporary Burmese Poets
1730:Discussion of the National Literary Conference
1441:incorporating Burmese elements, including the
1280:), an emotional and philosophic verse and the
1143:), religious works generally derived from the
97:accompanying your translation by providing an
59:Click for important translation instructions.
46:expand this article with text translated from
3595:
2838:
2492:
2237:. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 5–21.
1705:, as outlined in the Revolutionary Council's
1693:
1675:
1619:
1587:
1577:
1532:
1425:
1403:
1393:
1383:
1373:
1355:
1328:
1318:
1287:
1275:
1244:
1223:
1199:
1157:
1138:
1126:
1113:
1090:
1058:
1031:government censorship in Burma has been heavy
923:
8:
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3588:
3580:
3323:
3262:
3131:
3045:
2865:
2845:
2831:
2823:
2741:
2499:
2485:
2477:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2154:
2152:
1732:. Rangoon: Ministry of Information, 1963.
930:
916:
132:
2407:A Study of the Rise of the Burmese Novel
1688:works into Burmese. In 1976, the first
2260:"Shield Dance Song (ka jin) inc. audio"
2148:
1952:The Ocean Traveller and the Pearl Queen
1831:The Ocean Traveller and the Pearl Queen
1173:and tonal nature, and its lack of many
964:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
327:
144:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2222:
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2218:
2018:Well-known Burmese historians include
1608:, written in 1904 and inspired by the
2216:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2198:
1488:(The Second Great Royal Chronicles).
1104:Cradle Song of the Princess of Arakan
109:{{Translated|fr|Littérature birmane}}
7:
3545:
2323:
2321:
2319:
1669:Post-independence literature (1948-)
1292:), which imitated the themes of the
3004:State Peace and Development Council
1639:, who wrote about the hardships of
1596:was particularly influential, with
1204:metaphysical and religious poems),
289:State Peace and Development Council
1950:(1914–1978) who wrote the classic
1472:appointed scholars to compile the
1253:on the 55 styles of hairdressing.
25:
2411:Journal of Burma Research Society
2173:"Contemporary Burmese Literature"
1833:, considered a Burmese classic),
1750:. Many contemporary works are of
1212:(lullabies of the royal family).
3556:
3544:
3533:
3532:
2782:BGN/PCGN romanization of Burmese
1033:, stifling literary expression.
1029:Beginning soon after self-rule,
995:), adopted words primarily from
944:
897:
154:
33:
2377:Contemporary Burmese Literature
2343:Maung Swan Yi (December 2002).
2127:Literature about Southeast Asia
1744:Burma Socialist Programme Party
3925:British Indian Ocean Territory
2424:U Than Htut and U Thaw Kaung,
2350:. pp. 4–5. Archived from
2177:Contributions to Asian Studies
1779:Universal Copyright Convention
1496:When Burma became a colony of
107:You may also add the template
1:
2298:"Ramayana in Myanmar's Heart"
2171:U Thaung (Aung Bala) (1981).
3213:State Administration Council
2959:Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom
244:Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom
3014:2011–2015 political reforms
2807:Myanmar Language Commission
2465:Burmese Contemporary Essays
2328:Anna J. Allott Ed. (1988).
1412:First printing press (1816)
1235:stories. During this time,
879:National Library of Myanmar
869:National Museum (Naypyidaw)
299:2011–2015 political reforms
3982:
2390:"Arc Publications - Books"
1486:Dutiya maha yazawin dawgyi
884:National Theatre of Yangon
71:Machine translation, like
3528:
3326:
3265:
3134:
3048:
2870:Myanmar is also known as
2868:
2864:
2744:
1694:
1676:
1620:
1588:
1578:
1533:
1492:British Burma (1824-1948)
1426:
1404:
1394:
1384:
1374:
1356:
1329:
1319:
1288:
1276:
1245:
1224:
1200:
1158:
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1127:
1114:
1091:
1059:
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48:the corresponding article
3680:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
3139:Administrative divisions
2772:MLC Transcription System
2447:27 November 2020 at the
2009:Maung Khin Min (Danubyu)
1606:Maung Yin Maung Ma Me Ma
1228:), a long prose letter.
1100:Yakhaing minthami eigyin
874:National Museum (Yangon)
3935:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
3509:Twelve Auspicious Rites
3290:Myanmar kyat (currency)
2132:List of Burmese writers
1711:Ministry of Information
1455:First Anglo-Burmese War
1304:(1545–1600) and Prince
372:Twelve Auspicious Rites
118:For more guidance, see
2258:Nga-zi-shin Kyaw-Zwa.
2087:Journal Kyaw Ma Ma Lay
1798:Journal Kyaw Ma Ma Lay
1734:
1631:Theippan Maung Wa and
1514:Burma Research Society
1478:Glass Palace Chronicle
1474:Hmannan yazawin dawgyi
1437:(1757–1807) wrote the
1256:After the conquest of
952:This article contains
2607:Numerical classifiers
2454:Article on Dagon Taya
1748:freedom of expression
1715:
1703:socialist democracies
1611:Count of Monte Cristo
1563:University of Rangoon
1522:University of Rangoon
1237:Shin Maha Thilawuntha
545:Burmese folk religion
516:Traditional festivals
120:Knowledge:Translation
91:copyright attribution
18:Literature of Myanmar
3850:United Arab Emirates
3346:Environmental issues
3305:Units of measurement
2952:First Toungoo Empire
2612:Units of measurement
2280:D.G.E. Hall (1960).
2095:The 13-Carat Diamond
1981:Tekkatho Phone Naing
1807:The 13-Carat Diamond
1787:Press Scrutiny Board
1695:မြန်မာ့ စွယ်စုံကျမ်း
1690:Burmese Encyclopedia
1531:(Testing the Times,
1520:, and poems. At the
1181:(poems based on the
1037:Classical literature
809:World Heritage Sites
237:First Toungoo Empire
3875:States with limited
2984:Japanese occupation
2937:Hanthawaddy Kingdom
2777:ALA-LC romanization
2437:Ayinepan Literature
2122:Censorship in Burma
1956:Richard Bartholomew
1924:Dagon Khin Khin Lay
1904:Thakin Kodaw Hmaing
1653:published in 1935.
1637:Dagon Khin Khin Lay
1570:Thakin Kodaw Hmaing
1216:also perfected the
1024:Thakin Kodaw Hmaing
672:and performing arts
269:Japanese occupation
222:Hanthawaddy Kingdom
3966:Burmese literature
3569:Outline of Myanmar
3285:Telecommunications
3201:commander-in-chief
2994:Socialist Republic
2942:Kingdom of Mrauk U
2304:on 29 October 2006
1594:Hmawbi Hsaya Thein
1449:or love + Burmese
1077:Theravada Buddhism
975:The literature of
904:Myanmar portal
279:Socialist Republic
227:Kingdom of Mrauk U
147:Culture of Myanmar
99:interlanguage link
3953:
3952:
3917:other territories
3577:
3576:
3524:
3523:
3361:Human trafficking
3313:
3312:
3252:
3251:
3220:Political parties
3159:Foreign relations
3121:
3120:
2912:Myinsaing Kingdom
2878:
2877:
2820:
2819:
2790:
2789:
2244:978-0-8248-1267-6
1995:(1947-2011), and
1920:Theippan Maung Wa
1892:Hmawbi Saya Thein
1698:) was published.
1539:Theippan Maung Wa
1422:lay-lone tha-paik
1418:Serampore Mission
1169:, because of its
999:rather than from
960:rendering support
940:
939:
197:Myinsaing Kingdom
131:
130:
60:
56:
16:(Redirected from
3973:
3930:Christmas Island
3915:Dependencies and
3618:Sovereign states
3611:Asian literature
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3494:National symbols
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3280:Opium production
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2964:Konbaung dynasty
2866:
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2664:Royal chronicles
2563:Rakhine language
2508:Burmese language
2501:
2494:
2487:
2478:
2461:, Anna J. Allott
2394:
2393:
2386:
2380:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2357:on 11 April 2008
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2107:Culture of Burma
2063:Aung San Suu Kyi
2042:(born 1960) and
2040:Myoma Myint Kywe
1997:Pascal Khoo Thwe
1987:(c. 1932–2009),
1969:(born c. 1927),
1960:Taw Phayar Galay
1958:(1926–1985) and
1697:
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1622:
1616:Kala paw wut-htu
1591:
1590:
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1555:Second World War
1536:
1535:
1512:established the
1463:Maha yazawin gyi
1429:
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1427:လေးလုံးတစ်ပိုဒ်
1407:
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619:Contemporary art
506:Burmese calendar
461:Burmese fritters
347:Burmese language
249:Konbaung dynasty
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77:Google Translate
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3878:
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3660:Burma (Myanmar)
3613:
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3499:Public holidays
3390:
3386:Sex trafficking
3309:
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3186:Law enforcement
3117:
3093:Protected areas
3035:
2947:Toungoo dynasty
2922:Sagaing Kingdom
2897:Pyu city-states
2874:
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2802:Burmese English
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2117:Cinema of Burma
2103:
1993:Nanda Thein Zan
1886:The journalist
1884:
1882:Notable writers
1861:
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2083:Khin Khin Htoo
2030:(1913–1987),
1985:Maung Hsu Shin
1948:Thein Pe Myint
1896:James Hla Kyaw
1883:
1880:
1870:was edited by
1860:
1857:
1827:Thein Pe Myint
1775:Harold Robbins
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1719:
1670:
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1633:Thein Pe Myint
1602:James Hla Kyaw
1493:
1490:
1468:In 1829, King
1435:Kyigan Shingyi
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1342:Letwe Thondara
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968:Burmese script
962:, you may see
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2932:Prome Kingdom
2930:
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2917:Pinya Kingdom
2915:
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2907:Pagan Kingdom
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2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2091:Khin Myo Chit
2089:(1917-1982).
2088:
2084:
2081:(born 1958),
2080:
2076:
2073:(born 1957),
2072:
2069:(born 1951),
2068:
2065:(born 1945),
2064:
2061:(1925–2003),
2060:
2057:(1915–2008),
2056:
2055:Ludu Daw Amar
2052:
2047:
2045:
2044:Thant Myint-U
2041:
2038:(1923–2005),
2037:
2034:(1914-1971),
2033:
2029:
2026:(1909–1978),
2025:
2022:(1870–1946),
2021:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1991:(1933–2007),
1990:
1986:
1983:(1930–2002),
1982:
1978:
1977:
1976:War and Peace
1972:
1971:Mya Than Tint
1968:
1963:
1962:(1926–2006).
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1946:(1913–1945),
1945:
1942:(1910–2005),
1941:
1938:(1909-2004),
1937:
1934:(1909–1978),
1933:
1930:(1907-1990),
1929:
1926:(1904–1981),
1925:
1922:(1899–1942),
1921:
1918:(1891–1942),
1917:
1914:(1888–1973),
1913:
1910:(1883-1940),
1909:
1906:(1876–1964),
1905:
1902:(1879–1939),
1901:
1898:(1866-1919),
1897:
1894:(1862–1942),
1893:
1889:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1866:
1863:In 2012, the
1858:
1856:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1841:
1840:War and Peace
1836:
1835:Mya Than Tint
1832:
1828:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1808:
1803:
1802:Khin Myo Chit
1799:
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1776:
1772:
1771:Arthur Hailey
1767:
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1645:George Orwell
1642:
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1634:
1629:
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1617:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1598:Bazat yazawin
1595:
1585:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1564:
1560:
1557:. During the
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1530:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1518:short stories
1515:
1511:
1510:J S Furnivall
1506:
1503:
1499:
1498:British India
1491:
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1069:Bagan dynasty
1067:. During the
1066:
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862:Organisations
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284:8888 Uprising
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202:Pinya Kingdom
200:
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192:Pagan Kingdom
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51:
49:
44:You can help
40:
31:
30:
27:
19:
3845:Turkmenistan
3810:Saudi Arabia
3659:
3561:
3549:
3537:
3478:
3381:Prostitution
3336:Demographics
3275:Central bank
3164:Human rights
3144:Constitution
2979:British rule
2871:
2795:Other topics
2764:Romanization
2722:
2715:
2708:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2680:
2668:
2655:
2599:
2591:Grammar and
2425:
2384:
2376:
2371:
2359:. Retrieved
2352:the original
2338:
2329:
2306:. Retrieved
2302:the original
2292:
2282:
2275:
2263:. Retrieved
2253:
2234:
2185:. Retrieved
2180:
2176:
2094:
2075:San San Nweh
2059:Khin Hnin Yu
2048:
2046:(born 1966)
2017:
1974:
1964:
1951:
1912:Pe Maung Tin
1885:
1867:
1862:
1859:Contemporary
1853:San San Nweh
1849:Khin Hnin Yu
1838:
1830:
1824:
1805:
1795:
1783:
1768:
1764:
1756:biographical
1740:
1729:
1727:
1706:
1700:
1672:
1662:
1658:
1655:
1650:Burmese Days
1648:
1630:
1621:ကာလပေါ်ဝတ္ထု
1615:
1609:
1605:
1597:
1583:
1579:လေးချိုးကြီး
1573:
1568:
1558:
1528:
1526:
1507:
1502:pre-colonial
1495:
1485:
1473:
1467:
1462:
1458:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1439:Jataka Tales
1432:
1421:
1415:
1399:
1389:
1379:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1349:
1335:
1324:
1312:
1310:
1306:Natshinnaung
1297:
1293:
1281:
1271:
1265:
1255:
1250:
1240:
1230:
1217:
1209:
1205:
1186:
1183:Jataka Tales
1178:
1171:monosyllabic
1164:
1151:
1149:
1132:
1119:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1097:
1084:
1054:
1042:
1040:
1028:
1005:
974:
951:
844:Coat of arms
710:Copy Thachin
634:Glass mosaic
609:Architecture
582:Christianity
481:Burmese tofu
352:Mon language
264:British rule
95:edit summary
86:
55:(March 2009)
53:
45:
26:
3877:recognition
3795:Philippines
3740:South Korea
3735:North Korea
3625:Afghanistan
3270:Agriculture
3108:Earthquakes
2969:Shan States
2522:Old Burmese
2428:, Dec. 2001
2426:Perspective
2413:, June 1968
2361:5 September
2308:5 September
2112:Yama Zatdaw
2028:Sao Saimong
2005:Chit Oo Nyo
1936:Min Thu Wun
1928:Saya Zawgyi
1872:Ko Ko Thett
1663:Ganda Lawka
1551:Min Thu Wun
1541:along with
1330:လျှောက်ထုံး
1325:shauk-htone
1191: [
1175:consonantal
575:Phongyibyan
476:Burmese tea
254:Shan States
3855:Uzbekistan
3830:Tajikistan
3750:Kyrgyzstan
3730:Kazakhstan
3645:Bangladesh
3635:Azerbaijan
3479:Literature
3434:Censorship
3414:State Seal
3208:Parliament
3149:Corruption
3073:Ecoregions
2892:Prehistory
2670:Dhammathat
2656:Literature
2619:Honorifics
2593:vocabulary
2432:Literature
2143:References
2067:Minfong Ho
2001:Thawda Swe
1944:Chit Maung
1888:Ludu U Hla
1876:Thitsar Ni
1812:Ludu U Hla
1737:Censorship
1677:စာပေဗိမာန်
1574:laygyo gyi
1561:movement,
1482:Mindon Min
1314:dhammathat
985:မြန်မာစာပေ
737:Television
656:Literature
648:Literature
365:Traditions
177:Prehistory
3940:Hong Kong
3895:Palestine
3820:Sri Lanka
3815:Singapore
3700:Indonesia
3504:Tattooing
3464:Festivals
3459:Etymology
3366:Languages
3341:Education
3225:President
3154:Elections
3113:Volcanoes
3088:Mountains
3041:Geography
3029:Civil war
3019:2021 coup
2601:Phonology
2558:Merguiese
2187:10 August
2024:Htin Aung
2020:San C. Po
1967:Aung Thin
1932:Htin Aung
1908:P Moe Nin
1865:anthology
1829:(and his
1682:Socialist
1626:P Moe Nin
1508:In 1910,
1395:ဒွေးချိုး
1346:Ayutthaya
1214:Courtiers
1115:မော်ကွန်း
1073:Anawrahta
802:Monuments
499:Festivals
486:Satuditha
427:Mythology
404:Tattooing
339:Languages
314:Civil war
304:2021 coup
113:talk page
50:in French
3960:Category
3885:Abkhazia
3835:Thailand
3790:Pakistan
3775:Mongolia
3770:Maldives
3765:Malaysia
3665:Cambodia
3539:Category
3514:Weddings
3474:Folklore
3444:Clothing
3424:Calendar
3419:Capitals
3371:Religion
3191:Military
3181:Conflict
3127:Politics
3103:Wildlife
3024:Protests
2858:articles
2749:Alphabet
2717:Thanbauk
2682:Ainggyin
2634:Pronouns
2624:Numerals
2571:Sandoway
2541:Dialects
2445:Archived
2409:Zawgyi,
2265:17 April
2101:See also
2071:Nu Nu Yi
2036:Than Tun
1900:U Ottama
1559:Hkit san
1534:ခေတ်စမ်း
1529:Hkit san
1470:Bagyidaw
1443:myittaza
1385:လေးချိုး
1366:Ramayana
1362:Ramayana
1351:Ramayana
1302:Nawade I
1300:include
1225:မေတ္တာစာ
1219:myittaza
1075:adopted
1051:ကျောက်စာ
1012:Buddhism
1001:Sanskrit
774:Chinlone
705:Yoke thé
681:Mahāgīta
614:Ceramics
587:Hinduism
550:Buddhism
537:Religion
434:Folklore
409:Weddings
382:Clothing
309:Protests
138:a series
136:Part of
89:provide
3860:Vietnam
3760:Lebanon
3690:Georgia
3640:Bahrain
3630:Armenia
3551:Commons
3449:Cuisine
3396:Culture
3319:Society
3295:Tourism
3258:Economy
3078:Islands
3063:Climate
3053:Borders
2884:History
2854:Myanmar
2754:Braille
2577:Tavoyan
2183:: 81–99
2051:Kyi Aye
2032:Ba Shin
2013:Saw Wai
1989:Tin Moe
1845:Kyi Aye
1791:Burmese
1752:history
1686:Marxist
1641:peasant
1543:Nwe Soe
1459:yazawin
1390:dwaygyo
1336:As the
1320:ဓမ္မသတ်
1260:by the
1251:aingyin
1159:ကာချင်း
1147:tales.
1086:nissaya
1071:, King
1047:Burmese
1043:kyauksa
1020:English
981:Burmese
977:Myanmar
832:Symbols
784:Banshay
779:Lethwei
700:Anyeint
448:Cuisine
394:Kinship
167:History
111:to the
93:in the
52:.
3905:Taiwan
3840:Turkey
3805:Russia
3745:Kuwait
3725:Jordan
3715:Israel
3675:Cyprus
3655:Brunei
3650:Bhutan
3563:Portal
3439:Cinema
3429:Zodiac
3409:Anthem
3356:Health
3098:Rivers
3058:Cities
2856:
2696:Mawgun
2567:Ramree
2515:Stages
2241:
2011:, and
1940:Thukha
1916:Po Kya
1851:, and
1760:Ne Win
1582:) and
1547:Zawgyi
1445:(Pali
1405:ဘောလယ်
1398:) and
1380:laygyo
1375:တေးထပ်
1370:taydat
1246:တောလား
1233:Jataka
1210:eigyin
1206:mawgun
1201:လင်္ကာ
1153:kagyin
1145:Jataka
1131:) and
1128:ဧချင်း
1121:eigyin
1118:) and
1109:mawgun
1081:Ceylon
769:Thaing
742:Cinema
629:Kalaga
560:Kyaung
414:Zodiac
387:Acheik
329:People
140:on the
3945:Macau
3865:Yemen
3825:Syria
3800:Qatar
3780:Nepal
3720:Japan
3695:India
3685:Egypt
3670:China
3489:Music
3484:Media
3454:Dance
3376:Women
3331:Crime
3083:Lakes
2872:Burma
2724:Yagan
2689:Égyin
2646:Verbs
2553:Intha
2355:(PDF)
2348:(PDF)
2283:Burma
1659:Dagon
1657:like
1584:htika
1447:metta
1400:bawle
1357:ရာမယန
1283:yagan
1241:tawla
1195:]
1188:linka
1140:ပျို့
1055:peisa
1016:monks
1008:Canon
993:Khmer
789:Bando
764:Naban
756:Sport
732:Radio
724:Media
688:Dance
670:Music
570:Okāsa
399:Names
377:Anade
73:DeepL
3785:Oman
3755:Laos
3710:Iraq
3705:Iran
3469:Flag
3242:list
3230:list
3169:LGBT
2710:Yadu
2548:Danu
2363:2006
2310:2006
2267:2016
2239:ISBN
2189:2008
1820:U Nu
1816:U Nu
1773:and
1754:and
1684:and
1661:and
1589:ဋီကာ
1298:yadu
1294:yadu
1289:ရကန်
1272:yatu
1267:yadu
1258:Siam
1092:နိဿယ
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