31:
42:
136:
1813:
1823:
224:
until two hours after death. The size of the patches increases in the next three to six hours. Fixation will begin to occur during this timeframe, causing the patches to be unaltered due to movement. Maximum lividity will occur between eight and twelve hours after
212:
in the lower, or dependent, portion of the body postmortem, causing a purplish red discoloration of the skin. When the heart stops functioning and is no longer agitating the blood, heavy red blood cells sink through the
30:
122:
1852:
802:
139:
Depiction of a body after suicide hanging. Livor mortis is fixed in the legs and distal upper extremities because these were the dependent parts.
863:
827:
450:
797:
1099:
237:
in the blood. The discoloration does not occur in the areas of the body that are in contact with the ground or another object, in which
367:
832:
377:
807:
439:
428:
404:
1335:
787:
477:
252:
can use the presence or absence of livor mortis as a means of determining an approximate time of death. It can also be used by
883:
561:
115:
1361:
905:
812:
779:
344:
264:. The colour of the pooling can help in determining cause of death. Carbon monoxide poisoning causes a red colouration.
260:, but the pooling is present on the deceased's back, investigators can conclude that the body was originally positioned
1862:
817:
41:
1184:
1054:
108:
445:
Anthony J. Bertino "Forensic
Science: Fundamentals and Investigations" South-Western Cengage Learning, 2008,
1847:
1662:
1657:
1585:
1507:
792:
229:. Areas of blood pooling in contact with the ground will blanch, or remain white. The blood pools into the
1697:
1590:
1330:
1236:
1201:
822:
633:
549:
256:
investigators to determine whether or not a body has been moved. For instance, if the body is found lying
1580:
1502:
1315:
1211:
1147:
1112:
556:
524:
1692:
1545:
1434:
1396:
1386:
1152:
519:
217:
by action of gravity. The blood travels faster in warmer conditions and slower in colder conditions.
135:
1752:
1617:
917:
658:
638:
618:
581:
470:
284:
287:
are frequently combined by investigators to more accurately pinpoint the estimated time of death.
271:, livor mortis is not considered an exact way to measure time of death, but rather as a method of
1798:
1702:
1642:
1602:
1550:
1482:
1454:
1366:
1320:
912:
544:
514:
230:
1470:
1786:
1570:
1565:
1409:
1391:
1024:
1012:
446:
435:
424:
400:
373:
434:
Robert G. Mayer, "Embalming: history, theory, and practice", McGraw-Hill
Professional, 2005,
1826:
1779:
1677:
1492:
1487:
1444:
1221:
1216:
1002:
868:
858:
760:
745:
730:
681:
534:
253:
1767:
1732:
1682:
1637:
1612:
1251:
1122:
981:
853:
848:
765:
715:
708:
696:
606:
261:
91:
52:
1273:
1857:
1816:
1540:
1371:
1132:
1067:
900:
878:
755:
703:
463:
257:
205:
201:
179:
163:
147:
1841:
1575:
1560:
1517:
1429:
1263:
1241:
1117:
1084:
976:
951:
272:
86:
61:
1672:
1555:
1439:
1356:
1280:
1268:
1127:
1034:
971:
966:
961:
889:
740:
720:
663:
648:
539:
280:
276:
214:
81:
76:
71:
394:
1747:
1742:
1712:
1667:
1647:
1632:
1627:
1607:
1524:
1449:
1419:
1376:
1206:
1089:
750:
725:
691:
623:
601:
596:
586:
220:
Livor mortis starts within 20ā30 minutes, but is usually not observable by the
1717:
1687:
1652:
1622:
1595:
1497:
1325:
1285:
1137:
1094:
1072:
1039:
735:
653:
611:
591:
501:
304:
234:
1475:
1762:
1757:
1722:
1512:
1404:
1189:
1142:
1079:
1044:
1019:
895:
576:
571:
268:
238:
221:
35:
1791:
1340:
233:
of the body. The intensity of the color depends upon the amount of reduced
1737:
1707:
1258:
1246:
1179:
1007:
676:
643:
529:
509:
322:
17:
1774:
1414:
1381:
1226:
1174:
935:
873:
686:
566:
249:
1727:
1424:
1194:
1062:
986:
628:
96:
1310:
1290:
1231:
1029:
486:
226:
209:
134:
29:
459:
423:
Calixto
Machado, "Brain death: a reappraisal", Springer, 2007,
343:
Clark, Michael A.; Worrell, Michael B.; Pless, John E. (1997).
455:
45:
Timeline of postmortem changes, including livor mortis.
393:
DiMaio, Dominick; DiMaio, Vincent J. M. (2001-06-28).
1533:
1463:
1349:
1303:
1165:
1053:
995:
944:
933:
926:
841:
778:
500:
493:
366:Senn, David R.; Weems, Richard A. (2013-01-22).
267:Among coroners and other investigators, such as
471:
116:
8:
369:Manual of Forensic Odontology, Fifth Edition
361:
359:
941:
930:
497:
478:
464:
456:
123:
109:
48:
154: 'bluish color, bruise' and
40:
296:
51:
828:List of ways people dishonor the dead
7:
338:
336:
189: 'under, beneath' and
833:List of ways people honor the dead
396:Forensic Pathology, Second Edition
346:Postmortem Changes in Soft Tissues
25:
864:GompertzāMakeham law of mortality
1821:
1812:
1811:
269:homicide and forensic detectives
170: 'after death' and
1853:Latin medical words and phrases
1822:
1:
884:Maternal mortality in fiction
275:it. Livor mortis, along with
174: 'black and blueness'),
798:Expressions related to death
751:Medical declaration of death
818:Preventable causes of death
1879:
208:. It is a settling of the
1807:
1185:Consciousness after death
1108:
672:
1586:Personification of death
808:People by cause of death
283:, and practices such as
1663:Death-positive movement
1508:Post-mortem photography
788:Causes of death by rate
716:Death by natural causes
196: 'a standing') or
1698:Fascination with death
1336:Reincarnation research
1331:Out-of-body experience
793:Notable deaths by year
634:Immunogenic cell death
550:Temporal lobe necrosis
140:
46:
38:
1503:Post-mortem chemistry
1316:Near-death experience
1212:Desecration of graves
1148:Postmortem caloricity
1113:Beating heart cadaver
557:Programmed cell death
525:Liquefactive necrosis
138:
44:
33:
27:Second stage of death
1693:Festival of the Dead
1591:Dying-and-rising god
1546:Chinese burial money
1435:Prohibition of dying
1387:Death-qualified jury
1153:Post-mortem interval
813:Premature obituaries
520:Coagulative necrosis
231:interstitial tissues
1753:Philosophy of death
1618:Death from laughter
918:Perinatal mortality
659:Mitotic catastrophe
639:Ischemic cell death
582:Intrinsic apoptosis
530:Gangrenous necrosis
327:The Free Dictionary
309:The Free Dictionary
285:forensic entomology
160:postmortem lividity
158: 'of death'),
1863:Forensic pathology
1799:Thanatosensitivity
1703:Hierarchy of death
1643:Death notification
1551:Coins for the dead
1483:Forensic pathology
1367:Capital punishment
1321:Near-death studies
913:Mortality salience
545:Fibrinoid necrosis
515:Avascular necrosis
442:, pp. 106ā109
141:
47:
39:
34:Livor mortis in a
1835:
1834:
1571:Death anniversary
1566:Death and culture
1410:Dying declaration
1392:Death certificate
1299:
1298:
1161:
1160:
1013:Neuropreservation
803:Natural disasters
774:
773:
451:978-0-538-44586-3
133:
132:
16:(Redirected from
1870:
1825:
1824:
1815:
1814:
1795:
1780:Assisted suicide
1678:Death trajectory
1493:Mortuary science
1488:Funeral director
1479:
1445:Suspicious death
1217:Eternal oblivion
1003:Cryopreservation
942:
931:
869:Infant mortality
859:Excess mortality
761:Terminal illness
746:Lazarus syndrome
731:End-of-life care
682:Accidental death
535:Caseous necrosis
498:
480:
473:
466:
457:
411:
410:
390:
384:
383:
363:
354:
353:
352:. CRC Press LLC.
351:
340:
331:
330:
319:
313:
312:
301:
241:are compressed.
200:, is the second
125:
118:
111:
49:
21:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1868:
1867:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1831:
1803:
1789:
1733:Museum of Death
1683:Dignified death
1638:Death messenger
1613:Death education
1529:
1473:
1459:
1397:Declared death
1345:
1295:
1252:Online mourning
1157:
1123:Cadaveric spasm
1104:
1049:
991:
982:Skeletonization
922:
854:Child mortality
849:Birthday effect
837:
770:
766:Unnatural death
697:Brainstem death
668:
607:Pseudoapoptosis
489:
484:
420:
418:Further reading
415:
414:
407:
392:
391:
387:
380:
365:
364:
357:
349:
342:
341:
334:
321:
320:
316:
303:
302:
298:
293:
247:
204:and one of the
129:
92:Skeletonization
53:Stages of death
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1876:
1874:
1866:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1848:Signs of death
1840:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1819:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1801:
1796:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1599:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1541:Apparent death
1537:
1535:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1521:
1520:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1467:
1465:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1372:Cause of death
1369:
1364:
1362:Administration
1359:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1271:
1261:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1192:
1182:
1177:
1171:
1169:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1133:Death erection
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1070:
1068:Natural burial
1059:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1010:
999:
997:
993:
992:
990:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
948:
946:
939:
928:
924:
923:
921:
920:
915:
910:
909:
908:
901:Mortality rate
898:
893:
886:
881:
879:Maternal death
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
845:
843:
839:
838:
836:
835:
830:
825:
823:Unusual deaths
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
784:
782:
776:
775:
772:
771:
769:
768:
763:
758:
756:Organ donation
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
712:
711:
704:Clinical death
701:
700:
699:
689:
684:
679:
673:
670:
669:
667:
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656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
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621:
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604:
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589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
554:
553:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
506:
504:
495:
491:
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485:
483:
482:
475:
468:
460:
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453:
443:
432:
419:
416:
413:
412:
405:
385:
379:978-1439851340
378:
355:
332:
314:
295:
294:
292:
289:
246:
243:
206:signs of death
202:stage of death
131:
130:
128:
127:
120:
113:
105:
102:
101:
100:
99:
94:
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84:
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56:
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26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1611:
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1606:
1604:
1601:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1576:Death anxiety
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1561:Darwin Awards
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1532:
1526:
1523:
1519:
1518:Biostratinomy
1516:
1515:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1477:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1462:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1430:Necropolitics
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1400:
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1390:
1388:
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1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
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1360:
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1354:
1352:
1348:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
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1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1308:
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1302:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1265:
1264:Reincarnation
1262:
1260:
1257:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1248:
1245:
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1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
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1228:
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1223:
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1215:
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1210:
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1203:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1167:Other aspects
1164:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1118:Body donation
1116:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1107:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1085:Dismemberment
1083:
1081:
1078:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1052:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1030:Mummification
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1004:
1001:
1000:
998:
994:
988:
987:Fossilization
985:
983:
980:
978:
977:Decomposition
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
952:Pallor mortis
950:
949:
947:
943:
940:
938:
937:
932:
929:
925:
919:
916:
914:
911:
907:
904:
903:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
891:
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877:
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870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
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855:
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846:
844:
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834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
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814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
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791:
789:
786:
785:
783:
781:
777:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
710:
707:
706:
705:
702:
698:
695:
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678:
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671:
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635:
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613:
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583:
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563:
560:
559:
558:
555:
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548:
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541:
538:
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533:
531:
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526:
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521:
518:
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492:
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481:
476:
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469:
467:
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448:
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441:
440:0-07-143950-1
437:
433:
430:
429:0-387-38975-X
426:
422:
421:
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1673:Death threat
1556:Dark tourism
1498:Necrobiology
1440:Right to die
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1357:Abortion law
1281:Resurrection
1269:Palingenesis
1166:
1128:Coffin birth
1035:Plastination
996:Preservation
972:Putrefaction
967:Rigor mortis
962:Algor mortis
957:Livor mortis
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890:Memento mori
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741:Lazarus sign
721:Death rattle
664:Suicide gene
649:Karyorrhexis
540:Fat necrosis
431:, p. 74
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72:Algor mortis
67:Livor mortis
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1790: [
1748:Necrophobia
1743:Necrophilia
1713:Immortality
1668:Death squad
1648:Death panel
1633:Death march
1628:Death knell
1608:Death drive
1581:Death deity
1525:Thanatology
1474: [
1420:Legal death
1399:in absentia
1377:Civil death
1222:Examination
1207:Crematorium
1090:Excarnation
927:After death
726:Dysthanasia
692:Brain death
624:Autoschizis
602:Phenoptosis
597:Parthanatos
587:Necroptosis
494:In medicine
239:capillaries
235:haemoglobin
168:post mortem
1842:Categories
1718:Last rites
1688:Extinction
1658:Death pose
1653:Death poem
1623:Death hoax
1603:Death camp
1596:Psychopomp
1471:Death tech
1326:Necromancy
1304:Paranormal
1286:Underworld
1138:Dissection
1100:Resomation
1095:Promession
1073:Sky burial
1040:Prosection
1025:Maceration
736:Euthanasia
654:Karyolysis
612:Pyroptosis
592:Paraptosis
502:Cell death
291:References
178:(from
176:hypostasis
162:(from
146:(from
1763:Sacrifice
1758:Predation
1723:Longevity
1513:Taphonomy
1450:Trust law
1405:Death row
1190:Afterlife
1143:Gibbeting
1080:Cremation
1045:Taxidermy
1020:Embalming
896:Micromort
842:Mortality
619:Autolysis
577:Autophagy
572:Apoptosis
222:human eye
172:lividitas
36:dead body
1817:Category
1787:Thanabot
1738:Necronym
1708:Homicide
1259:Obituary
1247:Mourning
1237:Internet
1180:Cemetery
1055:Disposal
1008:Cryonics
677:Abortion
644:Pyknosis
510:Necrosis
254:forensic
250:Coroners
194:(stasis)
18:Lividity
1827:Outline
1775:Suicide
1415:Inquest
1382:Coroner
1274:Saį¹sÄra
1242:Midwife
1227:Funeral
1202:Customs
1175:Carrion
874:Karoshi
687:Autopsy
567:Anoikis
323:"Hypo-"
1728:Martyr
1464:Fields
1425:Murder
1341:SĆ©ance
1311:Ghosts
1195:Tukdam
1063:Burial
945:Stages
629:Eschar
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262:supine
192:ĻĻĪ¬ĻĪ¹Ļ
187:(hypo)
156:mortis
1858:Blood
1794:]
1768:human
1534:Other
1478:]
1350:Legal
1291:Vigil
1232:Grief
780:Lists
487:Death
350:(PDF)
258:prone
227:death
215:serum
210:blood
182:
180:Greek
166:
164:Latin
152:līvor
150:
148:Latin
1455:Will
936:Body
906:RAMR
562:AICD
447:ISBN
436:ISBN
425:ISBN
401:ISBN
374:ISBN
709:DOA
185:į½ĻĻ
1844::
1792:ca
1476:pt
358:^
335:^
325:.
307:.
279:,
479:e
472:t
465:v
409:.
382:.
329:.
311:.
124:e
117:t
110:v
20:)
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