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Yaguarí) to the
Northeast and False Mouth (Spanish: Boca falsa) to the Southwest, with Lobos Island between them. All sides of the vaguely triangular island have different water flows: Yaguarí creek (Spanish: Brazo del Yaguarí) is a narrow deep channel that changes flow direction when Uruguay River is high, while at the Negro River at the False Mouth is very wide but much shallower, only navigable for small draft vessels. Uruguay River, on the other hand has a large width at this point, with a navigable channel deep enough for cargo vessels coming and going from main cargo ports up and downstream:
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because pressed for time ships wouldn't stop, or downright dangerous on very windy days. At least two shipwrecks lie in Lobos Island waters: paileboat Pepito Donato (1896) and paileboat Ella (1901). Cargo transit was also intense in the area during the 19th and early 20th centuries, when Villa
Soriano was the largest livestock export port in the country and a curative baths station.
377:
427:, Uruguay downriver and its first significant military victory -the September 1825 Rincon Battle- took place in the "corner" formed by Uruguay and Negro rivers. In 1826 During the Cisplatine War the Argentine squadron confronted the Third Imperial Division of Brazil in Yaguarí creek, starting operations that would end in the
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Lobos is part of the governmental program
Painted Birds Region (Spanish: Corredor de los Pájaros Pintados), named after the poetic interpretation of the Guaraní word Uruguay. The program reinforced the touristic infrastructure of departments along the Uruguay River and encourages regional attractions
90:
Lobos is one of the largest islands (1,250 hectares (3,100 acres)) in the delta formed at the confluence of
Uruguay and Negro Rivers. Born in the southern Brazil highlands 750 km away, at its end Negro River splits in two main water courses that meet the Uruguay: Yaguarí Mouth (Spanish: Boca del
491:
The Negro and
Uruguay River confluence is a propitious place for sport fishing. The different water flow speeds, riverbed depth and chemical composition on the three sides of Lobos Island offer a variety of fishing conditions and their corresponding species. Particularly coveted are the Surubi and
482:
Sport boating along the
Uruguay and Negro Rivers takes place year round but is especially popular in summer. Apart from vessels of all sizes and types sailing by solo, flotilla passages and regattas are regularly organized from ports in Uruguay and Argentina, both up or downriver. Yaguarí creek and
401:
Captain José Bermúdez fortified the old settlement site in 1702 and it was a provisioning post during the 1704 war against
Portugal. Later the place received population from the Chaná - Charrúa Santo Domingo Soriano reduction, founded in 1664 on the other bank of the Uruguay. After a huge flood, in
103:
are slowly flooded when the
Uruguay River level rises and prevents the Negro to flow. Soils have high fertility and poor drainage, covered by native trees and shrubs. The prairie (CONEAT 03.3) is the highest level due to a crystalline basement, with fertile soils, grass vegetation and sparse trees.
102:
The island has three distinct geological zones. The wetlands (CONEAT 03.11) along the
Uruguay River coast are low with a coastal dune that is overcome by floods and then retains the water. The other two coasts (CONEAT 03.2) are of medium height, formed by old river sediments of sand and clay. They
452:
To this day, Lobos Island is dedicated to open air cattle breeding. The wetlands are kept as a natural reserve, as well as the native forest along the shores, selectively cleared to provide shadow. The wetlands assure an abundant freshwater supply in long draughts while the higher lands stay above
410:
In times of almost non existent roads communications were mostly fluvial, and the two largest Banda
Oriental rivers´ confluence was a strategic enclave. In the first colonial years the right Uruguay River bank supplied wood, coal and canes to the growing cities on the other bank. After the natives
352:
In 1611, Hernandarias disembarked 50 heifers and some bulls on his islands, brought from his ranch in Santa Fe. He repeated the operation in 1617 with another 50 heifers and an additional 50 in San Gabriel Island in the Rio de la Plata and reached an understanding with the natives to avoid killing
348:
of Spain the existence of lands notably suited for cattle breeding and agricultural exploitation, and recommended they be colonized for the Crown. The King didn't heed his advice but in 1610 deeded Hernandarias two islands on the Negro River as recognition for his services: present day Lobos and
443:
In the early 20th Century, there were regular passenger boat routes up and down the Negro River. Small draft boats took people to the Yaguarí Mouth where they waited for bigger vessels doing the Salto-Buenos Aires route. The transfer was made in the Uruguay channel and was many times uncertain
296:
Men inhabited the Uruguay banks since they appeared in this South America region. Ceramic utensils found in the Uruguay-Negro confluence were dated as early as 3.000 years before present times, when sea level was about 6 meters higher. A second group of findings from 2.000 years B.P. speaks of
393:
on Yaguarí Creek following orders from Fray Bernardino de Guzmán, Provincial Vicar of Paraguay and Tucumán. The Reduction was populated with Chaná natives, criollos from Paraguay and a Castillian Corregidor, but was abandoned after a few years. The settlement pre-dated the foundation of
500:
Lobos Island is a private estancia, but with the owners´ permission, it is possible to enjoy a day at the white sand beach on the False Mouth, horse riding on the swamps, bird watching in all the different eco environments and nature walks on the prairie and native woods.
130:
Lobos Island is the end of the large Negro River basin that divides Uruguay in all its extension. Both Uruguay and Negro rivers have sources in tropical zones and are biological corridors for animal and vegetal species from inside the continent.
368:. With abundant food and water and no natural enemies except humans, the herds reproduced and soon expanded to the territory of present-day Uruguay. They are the basis of what is even today the country's main export product.
402:
1708 Lieutenant José Gómez signed a petition (Spanish: documento de trasladación) to the King to transfer the village. The population move upstream to its present location on the Rio Negro was finally accomplished in 1718.
57:(Hernandarias) left heifers and bulls for breeding, and repeated the action in 1617. These herds rapidly propagated originating Uruguay present export quality rodeo. It also had an important role in the foundation of
474:
in sports, gastronomy, traditional activities and popular feasts. In Villa Soriano, the historic wooden pier was restored and equipped for pleasure vessels and is the first tourist landing place on the Negro River.
388:
Lobos Island -then called Vízcaíno- was also the foundation site of the first permanent European settlement on the Banda Oriental. In 1624, Franciscan Fray Juan de Vergara founded the San Francisco de los Olivares
492:
Iridescent tararira usually caught by trolling and the Dorado caught by fly-fishing from coast or boat. Fishing excursions to the place are regularly organized and there are local guides in Villa Soriano.
411:
were more or less pacified, Negro River water was shipped to Spain, where it was appreciated for its curative properties. Many episodes in the Uruguay independence fights started in the area: national hero
483:
False Mouth are favored places for day excursions or for waiting good conditions for entering the Uruguay waters. Canoe and kayak trips are also frequent, as well as simple cruises with locals.
253:
The Negro River basin registers more than 120 freshwater fish species, some of then exclusive to the area. The confluence is a mandatory passage for large migratory species such as Surubi (
99:. Other islands in the delta are Yaguarí and Vizcaíno on the right bank of Yaguarí Creek, and Redonda, del Medio, Pepe Ladrón, Santiago Chico and Villeta Islands on the False Mouth.
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140:) are abundant along the False Mouth sandy beach, full of red flowers in spring. Other trees in the first line from the water are criollo Willows (
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and then into Asunción. They were of the Hispano-American breed Samson: dark colored, big bodied and long horned, analog to present day
312:
European presence in the region dates from the 16th century. In 1520 the caravel Santiago under captain Juan Rodríguez Serrano of the
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646:
152:). In the higher parts, trees and shrubs are more sparse over an evergreen grass cover. Hard timber thorny species like Algarrobo (
857:
114:
to Villa Soriano, which lies at 5 km upstream Negro River. Boats reach it navigating the Uruguay River: downstream from
662:
SERRA, Sebastián; BESSONART, José; TEIXEIRA de MELLO, Franco; DUARTE, Alejandro; MALABARBA, Luis; LOUREIRO, Marcelo (2014).
283:), highly sought by sport fishermen. These and many other species of commercial value sustain the local artisanal fishery.
42:. Up to the 19th century, the island was actually three islets, the largest called Vizcaíno, same as the island across the
76:
Spanish: Lobo de río) now believed extinct, but the name may also refer to the still plentiful long tailed river otter (
255:
240:
324:
sailed a little north of the Negro confluence before returning downriver to establish a fort in San Salvador River.
344:) embarked from Santa Fe to explore Uruguay River in search of cane, timber and coal supplies. He reported to King
337:
321:
54:
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Birds are abundant, associated to the different environments in the island. Notable ones are: Black-necked swans (
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were the debarkation site of the first bovine herd in the Eastern margin of the Uruguay River. In 1611,
27:
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This original rodeo descended from herds brought to America from Zárate (Spain) to Terija Estancia in
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279:
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The island name comes from the abundant otter colonies. At one time there were giant river otters (
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of Spain exclusive ownership or all cattle east of the Uruguay River, by then many thousand heads.
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43:
771:
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193:
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317:
203:). Small mammals, rodents, reptiles, insects, arachnids and crustaceans thrive in the wetlands.
50:
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ones, when they served as refuge. Animals are allowed to roam free with horseback supervision.
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122:(Uruguay) or Buenos Aires (Argentina) or else navigating Negro River, from 80 km inland.
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419:(1811) that fired up the revolution was uttered a few kilometers Negro upriver; the
197:). The Yaguarí creek has abundant aquatic vegetation, dominated by Water hyacinth (
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134:
The Yaguarí and Negro banks are lined with native gallery forest. The Ceibo trees (
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732:
556:"índice de la Comisión Nacional de Estudio Agro económico de la Tierra (CONEAT)"
431:. In independent times, Lobos Island was refuge for the Colorado faction in the
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92:
71:
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923:
Documentary On the Rio Negro Banks, 2010 Marcelo Casacuberta www.ceibal.edu.uy
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365:
361:
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107:
944:
931:
569:
PRADERI, Raúl Carlos; VIVO, Jorge Eduardo; VAZQUEZ PRADERI, Franco (2011).
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804:. Ciclo de Conferencias Academia Uruguaya de Historia Maritima y Fluvial.
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336:) were largely devoid of European presence. In 1607, Paraguay Governor
214:
23:
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Patrones de asentamiento de sociedades alfareras del bajo Río Uruguay
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Sailboats anchored in Negro river False Mouth with Lobs Island beach
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Lobos island can be approached by land after a four-hour drive from
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375:
704:
Hernandarias, primer gran estanciero criollo del Río de la Plata
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Until the 17th century, the territories east of Uruguay River (
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pregnant animals. In 1628, Hernandarias claimed before King
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groups in contact with Spanish and Portuguese expeditions.
301:
ethnic, while later findings mark the combined presence of
22:(Spanish: Isla de Lobos, pronounced ) is a big island in
687:
CAPDEPONT, Irina; INDA, Hugo; del PUERTO, Laura (2010).
328:
Introduction of cattle in the Uruguay River East Bank
118:(Uruguay) or Concordia (Argentina) or upstream from
858:"Derrotero a Soriano: nuevo puerto en el Rio Negro"
801:
La navegacion fluvial en el departamento de Soriano
384:
map showing Lobos Island and Santo Domingo Soriano.
534:Google maps erroneously names this island as Lobes
761:. Montevideo: Fundación de Cultura Universitaria.
759:Soriano: antecedentes - fundación - consecuencias
691:. Santa Fe: Centro de Estudios Hispanoamericanos.
594:MUÑOZ, Julio; ROSS, Pablo; CRACCO, Pedro (2011).
297:riverside economy societies identified with the
175:The wetland area has herbaceous associations of
639:Aves del Uruguay Lista, estatus y distribución
525:, Maldonado Department, named after Sea lions.
453:water even in the greatest floods such as the
876:"Surubí; a fishing experience in fresh water"
787:. Montevideo: Ediciones de la Banda Oriental.
521:in Uruguay, on the Atlantic Ocean south from
8:
316:fleet led by Ferdinand Magellan entered the
166:) grow beside the occasional Caranday palm (
61:, the first European settlement in Uruguay.
921:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=onUj-0ALhcU
716:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
571:Ríos, lagos y montes indígenas del Uruguay
421:Thirty Three Easterners Liberation Cruzade
406:Colonial times and first independent years
218:) on the Uruguay River coast; Crane hawk (
439:Fluvial trade on Uruguay and Negro Rivers
415:lived in Villa Soriano (1790-1804); The
547:
510:
709:
620:"Avistamiento de aves en el Rio Negro"
897:"Fishing for the Iridescent Tararira"
573:. Montevideo: Ediciones de la Plaza.
7:
228:) in the wetlands; Collared plover (
187:) with lower plants like Verbenas (S
372:Foundation of Santo Domingo Soriano
816:"Corredor de los pájaros pintados"
798:HORCADE LEGUISAMO, Emilio (2013).
785:Vida de dos caudillos: los Galarza
733:"Paraquariae provinciae Soc. Iesu"
14:
974:Landforms of Río Negro Department
238:) on the waterside; Woodcreeper (
220:Geranospiza caerulescens flexipes
72:Ptenoura brasiliensis paraguensis
737:Bibliotheque Nationale de France
702:ARANGUREN, Carlos María (1963).
236:Chloroceryle americana mathewsii
1:
837:"Places to go: Villa Soriano"
783:LOCKHART, Washington (1968).
757:LOCKHART, Washington (1975).
320:but it was only in 1527 that
598:. Editorial Hemisferio Sur.
423:(April 19, 1825) started in
244:) and Red-crested cardinal (
38:. Politically it belongs to
666:. Montevideo: MGAP-DINARA.
256:Pseudoplatystuma corruscans
82:, Spanish: Lobito de río).
990:
596:Flora indígena del Uruguay
338:Hernando Arias de Saavedra
55:Hernando Arias de Saavedra
222:) and Roseate spoonbill (
969:River islands of Uruguay
637:AZPIROZ, Adrian (1997).
292:Pre-Hispanic inhabitants
265:), Iridescent tararira (
179:plants like Paja mansa (
398:by more than 50 years.
250:) in the native woods.
26:, at the confluence of
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396:Colonia del Sacramento
385:
212:) and Anhinga darter (
137:Erythrina crista-galli
120:Colonia del Sacramento
468:
379:
262:Salminus brasiliensis
185:Cortaderia sellowiana
169:Trithrinax campestris
160:Prosopis algarrobilla
280:Leposinus obtusidens
274:Prochilodus lineatus
40:Rio Negro department
941: /
731:Seutter, Matthäus.
664:Peces del Río Negro
380:Fragment of a 1740
241:Drymornis bridgesii
209:Cygnus melancorypus
200:Eichornia crassipes
772:Batalla del Rincón
626:. 18 January 2011.
471:
386:
234:) and Kingfisher (
231:Charadius collaris
194:Tipha angustifolia
189:enecio bonariensis
183:) or Pampa grass (
146:) and Espinillos (
79:Lontra longicaudis
945:33.383°S 58.400°W
673:978-9974-594-19-7
605:978-9974-645-42-4
580:978-9974-48-032-2
517:There is another
314:Armada de Molucca
247:Paroaria coronata
181:Panicum prionitis
162:) and Coronilla (
143:Salix humboltiana
16:Island in Uruguay
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950:-33.383; -58.400
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382:Matthäus Seutter
268:Hoplias lacerdae
164:Scutia buxiflora
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433:Great Civil War
425:Agraciada Beach
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322:Sebastian Cabot
318:Rio de la Plata
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215:Anhinga anhinga
191:) or Cattails (
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126:Flora and fauna
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51:Vizcaino Island
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12:
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5:
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59:Villa Soriano
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44:Yaguarí Creek
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37:
36:Uruguay River
33:
29:
25:
21:
926:
900:. Retrieved
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879:. Retrieved
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861:
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840:. Retrieved
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819:. Retrieved
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767:
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740:. Retrieved
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641:. PROBIDES.
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413:José Artigas
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342:Hernandarias
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278:
277:) and Boga (
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112:Buenos Aires
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89:
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68:
48:
19:
18:
948: /
742:January 31,
417:Asencio Cry
271:), Sábalo (
259:), Dorado (
225:Ajaia ajaja
93:Fray Bentos
28:Negro River
963:Categories
542:References
448:Production
362:Upper Peru
349:Vizcaino.
346:Philip III
177:heliophyte
108:Montevideo
49:Lobos and
30:(Spanish:
712:cite book
706:. Paraná.
391:Reduction
355:Philip IV
86:Geography
32:Río Negro
936:58°24′W
933:33°23′S
842:May 23,
821:May 23,
487:Fishing
478:Boating
461:Tourism
307:Guaraní
287:History
24:Uruguay
902:23 May
881:23 May
670:
645:
602:
577:
299:Chanás
34:) and
505:Notes
366:Miura
116:Salto
20:Lobos
904:2018
883:2018
844:2018
823:2018
744:2019
718:link
668:ISBN
643:ISBN
600:ISBN
575:ISBN
455:1959
303:Tupí
95:and
172:).
110:or
965::
860:.
735:.
714:}}
710:{{
622:.
305:-
46:.
906:.
885:.
846:.
825:.
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340:(
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