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1926:, which not only formed the body but also formed the load-bearing part of the carriage, meaning that a heavy underframe was not required. The new technique also meant that the carriages were stronger under collision conditions, as proved during an accident at Dinwoodie β Wamphray on 25 October 1928 when the leading "all-steel" carriage absorbed most of the impact. Construction of the carriages was carried out for the LMS by external companies, largely to provide work for them during a difficult economic period, but within a couple of years the company returned to more conventional construction methods, as it could no longer justify using external contractors due to efficiency improvements within its own workshops, which were set up to produce carriages of more traditional configuration.
51:
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976:. In 1923, Wilkinson advised Superintendent of Advertising and Publicity of the LMS, T.C Jeffrey, to improve rail sales and other LMS services by incorporating fine art into the design of their advertisement posters. In this time, fine art already had a distinguished association in Europe and North America with good taste, longevity and quality. Jeffrey wanted LMSβ commercial image to align with these qualities and therefore accepted Wilkinson's advice. For the first series of posters, Wilkinson personally invited 16 of his fellow alumni from the
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613:. These lines were automatically included in the LMS Group, along with the rest of the Midland Railway system, which meant that the LMS had a considerable presence in a part of the country (south Essex) which could be said to form part of the natural territory of the LNER. The process of Grouping under the Railways Act did not address geographical anomalies of this kind, although this particular arrangement did provide a competitive choice for residents of
1975:, derailing the goods train that it was part of. A signal post was partially knocked over, obstructing the adjacent line. An express passenger train had the sides of its carriages ripped open by the signal post, killing eleven people. A direct consequence of this accident was that private owner wagons had to be registered with railway companies before they were allowed to run on main lines. They were also subject to a detailed inspection every ten years.
1705:
2150:. Due to a signalman's error a milk train ran into its rear. Wreckage spread across all four lines, with the result that a few minutes later the Camden to Holyhead freight collided with the debris, followed a few seconds later by the Toton to Willesden coal train. All four lines were blocked for some time and the driver of the milk train was killed. Contemporaneous newsreel footage shows the aftermath of the four-fold accident.
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876:. The company operated around 7,000 route miles of railway line, servicing 2,944 goods depots and 2,588 passenger stations, using 291,490 freight vehicles, 20,276 passenger vehicles and 9,914 locomotives. The company directly employed 263,000 staff, and through its annual coal consumption of over six and a half million tons, could claim to indirectly employ a further 26,500 coal miners.
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1679:" to mass-produce components to a set pattern and size. Once these had been checked any example of a specific part could be used interchangeably with any other of the same type. The technique was applied to any item which could be manufactured in large numbers (as there were significant costs in producing the initial jigs) such as doors, ventilators, windows and seats.
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888:. In practice this meant that the commercial managers found themselves subservient to the needs of the operating departments. This changed in 1932 when a major restructuring was completed, replacing the traditional board of directors with an executive headed by a president, supported by vice-presidents each with responsibility for a specific area.
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prior to grouping, and was adopted in
Wolverton during 1925, with Newton Heath following two years later. By using this method, the time taken to construct a typical carriage fell from six weeks to six days and by 1931 Derby and Wolverton were able to handle the entire LMS carriage building workload,
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print on double royal satin paper, filling 45 X 35 inches. The mass-produced posters were pasted inside railway stations in
England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. LMS decided the subject advertised, but choices of style and approach were left to the artist's discretion. LMSβ open design brief
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Numerous special fares were introduced to encourage travel, develop niche markets and overcome competitors. The cheap day return ticket offered return travel at a price usually equivalent to the single fare, although in areas with rival bus services they were sometimes offered at less than the single
1739:
Each of the constituent companies of the LMS had their own liveries for locomotives and rolling stock. The board of directors of the LMS was dominated by former
Midland Railway officers, and the company adopted the "crimson lake" livery for coaching stock as had been used by the Midland and Glasgow
912:
Davies created a commercial research section, increased the sales force and provided them with specialist training. The emphasis of the organisation switched from operators dictating what was reasonable to the commercial managers asking what was possible to maximise sales opportunities. Thirty five
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The LMS operated a number of lines jointly with the other main railway companies, a situation which arose when the former joint owners of a route were placed into different post-grouping companies. Most of these were situated at or near the boundaries between two or more of the companies, but there
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AT the time of its creation, the LMS had inherited from the 35 merged companies, a system of 7,000 route miles and 19,000 track miles; accounting for 38.4% of the total mileage of the 'big four' grouped railways. It was the owner of 9,319 locomotives, 19,000 passenger-carrying vehicles, and 286,000
1921:
In 1926, the LMS introduced its "all-steel carriage", which represented a significant departure from previous carriage construction. Previously carriages had been built with wood or steel-plated wood bodies, mounted on heavy underframes. The all-steel carriages differed in that they consisted of a
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The LMS owned and operated a number of railway works, all of which were inherited from constituent companies. Between them these sites constructed locomotives, coaching stock, multiple units and freight wagons, as well as a number of non-rolling stock items required for the everyday running of the
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Being geographically the largest, and the most central of the four main post-grouping railway companies, the LMS shared numerous boundaries with both the LNER and GWR, although its overlap with the
Southern Railway was limited due to the general lack of direct routes through London. The SR and the
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the department employed 8,000 staff, served over 50 million customers per annum and grossed more than Β£3 million in receipts (equivalent to Β£234,940,000 in 2023) from the combined hotel and catering operations. The scale of the undertaking enabled the LMS to claim that they operated the
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The natural progression was to streamline the assembly process and the company introduced a method known as
Progressive Construction. In this process the mass-produced parts were combined into "unit assemblies", each of which was a major sub-component of the finished carriage such as side panels,
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in 1949. The London
Midland & Scottish Railway Company continued to exist as a legal entity for nearly two years after Nationalisation, being formally wound up on 23 December 1949. The lines in Great Britain were rationalised through closure in the 1950s to 70s but the main routes survive and
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However important the excursion traffic was, it was the ordinary scheduled services which had to be the focus of efforts to improve the fortunes of the LMS. A number of initiatives were introduced, with the aim of making train travel more attractive and encouraging business growth. Services were
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Competition with the LNER was mainly in terms of the premium London to
Scotland traffic, with the rival LMS (West Coast) and LNER (East Coast) routes competing to provide ever better standards of passenger comfort and faster journey times. The LNER also competed with the LMS for traffic between
772:
from the previous LNWR and MR parts of the system, being deliberately made to miss each other persisted even as late as the early 1950s, long after their demise. Many of the senior appointments on the operating side were of former
Midland men, such as James Anderson, so that Midland ideas and
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Most railway carriages were constructed by fitting together component parts which had been roughly machined to larger dimensions than required, which were then cut to the required size and joined together by skilled coachbuilders. Reid's new method involved the use of templates or
994:. The commercial success of Wilkinson and Jeffrey's collaboration manifested between 1924 and 1928, with public sale of 12,000 railway posters. Paul Henry's 1925 poster depicting the Gaeltacht region of Connemara in County Galway proved most commercially popular, with 1,500 sales.
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Goods accounted for around 60% of LMS revenue, and was even more varied than passenger services, catering for a range of goods from fresh perishables such as milk, fish and meat through to bulk minerals and small consignments sent point to point between individuals and companies.
423:
wagons. It operated more than 10,600 passenger trains and 15,000 goods trains a day, with a total staff of 231,000. In addition to this, the LMS owned 543 miles of canal, 8,950 horses, 17,000 carts, 2,000 motor vehicles, 64 steamboats and 27 docks, and was the owner of 28 hotels.
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The LMS inherited a wide variety of passenger rolling stock from its constituent companies, and appointed Robert Whyte Reid, an ex-Midland
Railway man, as the head of its Carriage department. Reid had already started to introduce more efficient carriage building practices at the
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were a significant source of revenue and the LMS became a specialist in the movement of large numbers of people, with locomotives and rolling stock often kept in operation just to service such seasonal traffic. In one year, the LMS ran 43 special trains to take spectators to the
1687:, and the unit assemblies were taken to workstations, where the precision machining of the mass-produced parts ensured they all fitted accurately into position, building into a complete carriage as the unit moved along the flow line. The technique was already in use in
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to take part. In letter correspondence, Wilkinson outlined the details of the LMS proposal to the artists. The artist fee for each participant was Β£100. The railway poster would measure 50 X 40 inches. In this area, the artist's design would be reproduced as a
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On 1 July 1903, the
Midland Railway took over the Belfast and Northern Counties Railway and operated it under the name of Midland Railway (Northern Counties Committee). On grouping, the network became part of the LMS, again operating under the name of the
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were provided for third class ticket holders for the first time. The effect of these improvements was significant, with receipts from passenger traffic increasing by Β£2.9 million (equivalent to Β£2,226,910,000 in 2023) between 1932 and 1938.
871:
Despite having widespread interests in a number of commercial areas, the LMS was first and foremost a railway organisation. It operated in all four constituent countries of the United Kingdom, and in England its operations penetrated 32 of the 40
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rose quite dramatically, from a low point of 6,500 million in 1932 to 8,500 million by 1937, while at the same time the number of coaches required was reduced through improved maintenance and more efficient utilisation. In 1938 it opened a
1284:. Both were absorbed into the LMS with their parent companies, and while the former became the main workshops for the Northern Division of the LMS, the latter works were wound down, closing in 1930, all work being transferred to nearby Crewe.
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The LMS also implemented a novel management structure, breaking with British railway tradition, and mirroring a contemporary management practice more common in the United States, appointing a President and Vice-Presidents. On 4 January 1926,
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990:, Wilkinson designed a poster in 1927 encouraging the public to avail of the LMS ferry and connecting boat trains to Ireland. For this promotion, Wilkinson's design was accompanied with four posters of Ireland by Belfast modernist painter,
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became Vice-President (Railway traffic, operating and commercial), with separate chief operating and chief commercial managers of equal status reporting to him. Railway operations were directed by Charles Byrom, a veteran officer of the
759:
The early history of the LMS was dominated by infighting between parties representing its constituent parts, many of whom had previously been commercial and territorial rivals. This was particularly marked in the case of the
921:, and trophies were awarded to the best performing districts and salesmen. To provide maximum capacity during times of peak demand, the operating department re-organised maintenance schedules to maximise the availability of
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was appointed First President of the Executive, the equivalent of a Chief executive in modern organisational structures. He added the role of chairman of the board of directors to his portfolio in January 1927, succeeding
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created four large railway companies which were in effect geographical monopolies, albeit with competition at their boundaries, and with some lines either reaching into competitor territory, or being jointly operated.
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The LMS Hotels & Catering Service, apart from providing catering cars on trains and refreshment facilities at stations also operated a chain of nearly 30 hotels throughout the United Kingdom. Just prior to
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On 21 January 1938, an express passenger train was in a head-on collision with an empty stock train at Oakley Junction due to a combination of driver and signalman's errors. Three people were killed and 46 were
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in the 1830s, and since 1862 (when all locomotive works had transferred to Crewe) had been the LNWR's carriage works. In 1922, one year prior to the formation of the LMS, the LNWR had absorbed the
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network. Exceeding 183 miles (295 km), this was the largest jointly operated network in Great Britain in terms of route mileage, and extended from Peterborough to the East Anglian coast. The
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The LMS operated services in and around London, the Midlands, the North West of England, Mid/North Wales and Scotland. The company also operated a separate network of lines in Northern Ireland.
2606:. Subsequently, the LMS acquired Joseph Nall & Co. of Manchester and a 51% stake in Wordie & Co. of Glasgow. The LMS operated a road haulage fleet consisting of 29,754 road vehicles.
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Such was the importance of such excursion traffic that a special department was established in 1929 and oversaw the expansion from 7,500 special trains in that year to nearly 22,000 in 1938.
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On 17 July 1931, a mail train overran signals and was in a rear-end collision with a goods train at Crich Junction, Derbyshire. Two people were killed and seventeen people were injured.
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practices tended to prevail over those of other constituents. For example, the Midland's system of traffic control was imposed on a system-wide basis, along with the Midland livery of
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826:, such as tapered boilers, long travel valves, and large bearings. His locomotives were not only more powerful, and economical, but they also ended the company's internal conflict.
1740:& South Western Railways prior to grouping (with the North Staffordshire Railway using a very similar shade). The livery worked well, proving to be hard wearing and practical.
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between the start of July and the end of September alone. Besides these mass-market events, the company also ran regular tourist excursions to a variety of destinations, such as
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print is formed from the natural aversion of oil and water. The print is created by transferring a photographic image onto an aluminium plate or stone and then printing by hand.
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used LMS, and this is what is generally used in historical circles. The LMS occasionally also used the initials LM&SR. For consistency, this article uses the initials LMS.
2021:. An express passenger train was in a rear-end collision with it due to errors by the guard of the goods train and a signalman. Four people were killed and five were injured.
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and a number of related branches and connecting lines were already electrified when the LMS came into existence, although the LMS did extend electrification from Barking to
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district managers were appointed to oversee sales through the company's goods depots, passenger stations and key dock facilities. There was even sales representation in the
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There were also some 24 subsidiary railways, leased or worked by the above companies, and a large number of joint railways, including the UK's largest Joint Railway, the
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as part of a reorganisation of facilities in Derby and left the original site to concentrate on locomotive manufacture and repair. The Midland Railway also had works at
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Paul Henry (1877β1958), Connemara,ββ Ireland this Yearββ, 1925, Country track with cottages and mountain in background, lithographic print 101 X63.5, Science Museum UK
2143:
On 25 February 1935, a passenger train was derailed at Ashton under Hill due to a combination of locomotive design, speed and track condition. One person was killed.
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railway companies to meet their joint requirements for locomotive, carriage and wagon construction and maintenance. The latter site was opened in the 1860s by the
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The LMS owned many canals, originally acquired by some of its constituent companies in the 19th century, such as the Shropshire Union group (which included the
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The range of hotels was extensive ranging from large resort and city centre hotels to much smaller provincial establishments. One of the most famous was the
597:, resulted in the LMS owning or operating a number of lines outside its core geographical area. For instance, in 1912, the Midland Railway had purchased the
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resulted in a collection of posters that reflected the large capacity of destinations and experiences available with the transport organisation. For the
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Norman Wilkinson (1882β1971), To Ireland: Seven LMS Routes, 1935, Steaming ferry boat on the sea, lithographic print, 390 X490, Swann Auction Galleries
164:
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768:, each of which believed its way was the right β and only β way of doing business. This rivalry was so severe, that stories of connecting trains at
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in Leeds. While most were open all year round, a number opened for only particular months in the year, to coincide with local tourist seasons.
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of the Midland Railway prior to grouping and these same practices were soon introduced to the carriage and wagon works of the former LNWR at
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322:(which had previously merged with the London and North Western Railway on 1 January 1922), several Scottish railway companies (including the
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2102:. Due to a signalman's error, a passenger train ran into the rear portion of the goods. Two people were killed and several were injured.
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For nearly ten years after its formation, the LMS had been run using a similar organisational structure to one of its constituents, the
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464:. This network connected Bath and Bournemouth, and wound its way through territory nominally allocated to a third railway company, the
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Most other major cities on the network were linked by trains with names which would become famous in railway circles including the
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The LMS operated a number of suburban lines using electric traction, in and around London, Liverpool, Manchester and Lancashire.
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2127:, Renfrewshire after the driver of one of them misread signals. Nine people were killed and 31 were injured, eleven seriously.
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On 13 March 1935, an express meat train from Liverpool to London was brought to a halt at Kings Langley due to a defective
371:
The LMS was the largest of the Big Four railway companies serving routes in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.
310:, which required the grouping of over 120 separate railways into four. The companies merged into the LMS included the
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On 17 November 1937, a passenger train overran signals and was in a rear-end collision with an express passenger train at
2095:
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due to greasy rails after a thunderstorm. It crashed through the buffers and ended up in building. There were no injuries.
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The London to Birmingham corridor was fiercely contested with the LMS running expresses over its West Coast Main Line via
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The London, Tilbury & Southend Railway: 1912 - 1939 the Midland and LMS Years v. 3: A History of the Company and Line
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On 28 September 1934, an express passenger train was in a rear-end collision with a passenger train at Winwick Junction,
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Besides being the world's largest transport organisation, the company was also the largest commercial enterprise in the
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40 Marlborough Hill, St Johnβs Wood, NW.8 to Clausen, 23 Oct 1923 (R.A., Letters written to George Clausen, CL/1/248)
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The LMS acquired numerous docks, harbours and piers from its predecessors. These ranged in size from major ports at
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Leon Winslow, βArt is Industrial as Well as Fineβ, in The Journal of Education, Vol.106, No.20 (1927) pp.520β522
2312:, instigated by LMS, although those surviving in 1948 passed to the Docks and Inland Waterways Executive of the
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716:
232:
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1101:, which featured streamlined locomotives hauling a nine coach train of specially constructed stock between
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carriage ends or the roof. The workshops were organised on the "flow-line" principle, similar to a modern
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Smaller workshop facilities were also transferred to the LMS by other constituent companies, including at
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344:), but its profitability was generally disappointing, with a rate of return of only 2.7%. Under the
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and was in collision with a goods train that was being shunted. Two people were killed, 31 were injured.
1982:, Essex and was in a rear-end collision with another. Of 604 people injured, only four are hospitalised.
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The LMS also operated a significant joint network with the Southern Railway, in the shape of the former
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On 13 October 1940, an express passenger train collided with a platform barrow obstructing the line at
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for passenger locomotives and rolling stock. Particularly notable, especially after the appointment of
4190:"The Times newspaper: Notice of a Special General Meeting of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway"
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The LMS's commercial success in the 1920s resulted in part from the contributions of English painter,
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The expansionist policies of many of the constituent companies which formed the LMS, particularly the
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2055:, due to a signalman's error. Several people were injured when the train crashed through the buffers.
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as Chief Mechanical Engineer, was the continuation of the Midland Railway's small-engine policy (see
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On 10 July 1933, an express passenger train was in collision with a goods train and was derailed at
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due to excessive speed through a set of points. Forty-three people were killed and 64 were injured.
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On 6 September 1934, two passenger trains were in a head-on collision at Port Eglington Junction,
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on 14 November 2017 sparking speculation of the name becoming the long term branding for the new
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On 12 February 1929, an express passenger train was in a head-on collision with a goods train at
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Partnership franchise, which is scheduled to commence operations on 8 December 2019, branded as
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using a side-contact, third rail system. In conjunction with the LNER, the lines of the former
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On 5 July 1923, an express passenger train was in a rear-end collision with a goods train at
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British Railway Carriages of the 20th Century, Volume 2: The years of consolidation, 1923β53
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1039:. The number of people moved was huge, with over 2.2 million holidaymakers arriving in
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Bought from Barrow Steam Navigation Co Ltd in 1907. Sold in 1925 to a Greek owner, renamed
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due to a signalman's error. One person was killed and about 30 were injured, one seriously.
917:, certain European countries and North America. A monthly newsletter was produced entitled
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In 1938, the LMS operated 6,870 miles (11,056 km) of railway (excluding its lines in
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LMS 150 : The London Midland & Scottish Railway A century and a half of progress
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Vintage training and educational videos for LMS staff, customers and the general public.
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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accelerated, and better quality rolling stock was introduced and from 24 September 1928
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528:(LNER) both providing express, stopping and local services between these destinations.
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3261:. Vol. 96, no. 586. London: Transport (1910) Ltd. February 1950. p. 73.
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A number of premium services were offered, culminating in 1937 with the launch of the
30:
This article is about the British railway company that existed before the creation of
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4720:. The Oakwood Library of Railway History (2nd ed.). Headington: Oakwood Press.
2208:, Middlesex and was derailed. Several people were killed and many more were injured.
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The LMS was also the only one of the Big Four companies to operate rail services in
5111:
4905:
4879:
3595:
LMS 150: The London Midland and Scottish Railway β A Century and a Half of Progress
2778:
2634:
2379:
2147:
2085:
1993:
1128:
1088:
1024:
950:
941:
fare. Companies holding large freight accounts with the LMS received reduced price
889:
835:
815:
790:
69:
4788:
An Historical Survey of selected LMS Stations, Layouts and Illustrations, Volume 1
2338:
5066:
4677:
3507:
1957:, Lancashire due to a broken tyre on the locomotive. Fourteen people were killed.
3431:
Beverley Cole and Richard Durack, Railway Posters 1923β1947 (London, 1992) p.104
2717:
2699:
2540:
2383:
2359:
2134:
due to a signalman's error. Eleven people were killed and nineteen were injured.
2044:
and collided with a goods train that was being shunted. Four people were killed.
1433:
1397:
1243:
1204:
1183:
1035:
requiring 1,800 special trains, with a further 1,456 run in connection with the
364:), the LMS was nationalised on 1 January 1948, becoming part of the state-owned
266:
242:
199:
4570:
4362:
4335:
4305:
4275:
4245:
3508:"The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)"
3194:
2899:
It has been argued that the initials LMSR should be used to be consistent with
1967:
On 19 November 1926, a private owner wagon of a goods train disintegrated near
1311:). The table below shows all major works taken over by the LMS upon formation.
411:, which had been the main routes of the two largest constituent companies, the
4900:
4874:
4862:
2689:
2674:
2594:
In 1933, along with the other three main line railways, the LMS purchased the
2391:
2193:
On 14 October 1939, An express passenger train was involved in a collision at
2165:
2117:
2070:
1923:
1833:
1676:
1300:
922:
795:
509:
271:
261:
2739:
1923 β 1927 (formerly chief engineer of the London and North Western Railway)
1031:. Longer running events demanded operations on a much larger scale, with the
751:
The total route mileage of the LMS in 1923 was 7,790 miles (12,537 km).
4161:
4093:
4065:
3811:"Accident Returns: Extract for Accident at Diggle Junction on 5th July 1923"
2670:
2599:
2569:
2499:
2375:
2371:
2158:
2088:
due to excessive speed through a crossover. The locomotive crew were killed.
1986:
1040:
905:, while commercial activities were headed by Ashton Davies, formerly of the
2620:
2510:
1946:
overran signals and was in a rear-end collision with an excursion train at
1750:
Locomotives of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway Β§ Preservation
1186:
coal trains, which took coal from the Nottinghamshire coalfield to London.
306:) was a British railway company. It was formed on 1 January 1923 under the
4219:
2650:
2363:
2264:
2184:
2131:
614:
3846:. Vol. 1. Redruth: Atlantic Books. pp. 31, 35β36, 38, 40, 42.
2628:, Manchester; one of many hotels formerly owned and operated by the LMS.
2190:
On 28 September 1939, a rear-end collision occurred at Winwick Junction.
2047:
On 2 February 1929, a passenger train was sent into the bay platform at
4628:
N. C. C. Saga: London, Midland and Scottish Railway in Northern Ireland
2565:
2561:
2367:
2334:
List of shipping facilities of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway
2304:), originally owned by the London & North Western Railway, and the
2124:
2062:
station, Derbyshire due to a signalman's error. Two people were killed.
2052:
2025:
1654:
1068:
1064:
1060:
774:
438:
were some notable examples which extended beyond this borderland zone.
4907:
A History of the LMS. Vol. 2: The Record Breaking 'Thirties, 1931β1939
5060:
Use Advanced Search/Collections/LMS to view these images held by the
2077:, Cumberland. Two people were killed and four were seriously injured.
1859:
were already completed prior to the formation of the LMS. Lines from
818:
in 1932, heralded a change. Stanier introduced practices used at the
4809:. LMS Locomotive Profile. Vol. 13. Wild Swan Publications Ltd.
2278:
due to defective track. Five people were killed and 64 were injured.
1766:
Suburban electrification of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway
2308:, owned by the North Staffordshire Railway. Many were abandoned by
1250:
and by the time of grouping was the locomotive works for the LNWR.
5067:
Documents and clippings about London, Midland and Scottish Railway
2844:
2669:
2619:
2337:
2169:
2099:
2073:
against signals. It subsequently collided with a ballast train at
2029:
1979:
1772:
1653:
1179:
1001:
636:
378:
276:
2249:
On 30 September 1945, an express passenger train was derailed at
1953:
On 4 November 1924, an express passenger train was derailed near
5037:
4805:
Hunt, David; Jennison, Kohn; Essery, Robert (23 November 2010).
1837:
1044:
652:
List of constituents of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway
255:
5083:
2226:
On 21 July 1945, an express passenger train overran signals at
863:
some have been developed for 125 mph inter-city services.
2806:
2751:
1933 β 1948 (previously Locomotive and Civil Engineer of the
1699:
34:
in 1948. For the former West Midlands Franchise operator, see
2080:
On 22 March 1931, an express passenger train was derailed at
1999:
On 27 August 1928, a passenger train crashed into buffers at
1960:
On 8 September 1926, a passenger train was unable to stop at
691:, amalgamated 1 January 1922) 2,667.5 miles (4,292.9 km)
5288:
4122:"Report on the Accident at Kings Langley on 13th March 1935"
3427:
3425:
2274:
On 21 July 1947, an express passenger train was derailed at
2153:
On 23 February 1937, an express goods train was derailed at
1797:
system in use by tube and sub-surface railways (such as the
333:
and the United Kingdom's second largest employer, after the
4656:
An illustrated history of British Railway Hotels: 1838-1983
2187:
due to an obstruction on the line. Four people were killed.
1909:
had been electrified by the Midland Railway using a 6600 V
2616:
List of hotels of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway
1978:
On 30 November 1926, a passenger train overran signals at
715:. The LMS was the minority partner (with the LNER) in the
4553:
4551:
3226:
3224:
1992:
On 2 July 1928, a goods train was derailed at Pinwherry,
5230:
4881:
A History of the LMS. Vol. 1: The First Years, 1923β1930
4026:"Report on the Accident at Ashchurch on 8 January 1929"
3796:"Accident at Dinwoodie β Wamphray on 25th October 1928"
3536:
3534:
3532:
3530:
1715:
1631:
Locomotives of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway
1272:, north east of Glasgow, had been built in 1856 by the
656:
The LMS was formed from the following major companies:
573:) gauge track with a further 63 miles (101 km) of
4718:
The Manchester South Junction & Altrincham Railway
4403:
4401:
4399:
3972:. Penryn: Atlantic Books. pp. 16, 22, 24β25, 27.
3890:. Penryn: Atlantic Books. pp. 20β21, 23, 26, 31.
3469:
3467:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3448:
3446:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3315:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3284:
3282:
3280:
3278:
3276:
3274:
3272:
3270:
3268:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3061:
3059:
2972:
2970:
2968:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2947:
2945:
2263:
On 12 April 1947, a passenger train was derailed near
1832:
In the Liverpool area, lines were electrified using a
964:
in Derby to train its staff in best railway practice.
945:
for nominated employees, while commercial travellers,
3002:
3000:
2386:. The LMS also inherited steamers and piers from the
2211:
On 4 September 1942, a goods train overran a loop at
2201:. Five people were killed, more than 30 were injured.
2094:
On 18 December 1931, a goods train became divided at
1231:
in Worcestershire, which had been inherited from the
641:
LMS crest, carved into the stonework at Leeds station
5406:
History of rail transport in Great Britain 1923β1947
5058:
LMS images of tourist attractions along their routes
4926:
Simmons, Jack; Biddle, Gordon, eds. (October 1997).
2987:
2985:
2532:
Sold in 1927 to Angleterre-Lorraine-Alsace, renamed
2179:
On 5 August 1939, a passenger train was derailed at
937:
and locomotive cleaners trained to replace firemen.
5350:
5287:
5229:
5171:
4973:Whitehouse, Patrick; Thomas, David St John (2002).
4571:"New West Coast rail franchise to run HS2 services"
2105:On 17 June 1932, a passenger train was derailed at
2024:On 8 January 1929, an express passenger train from
1650:
Coaches of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway
1203:Two facilities were located in Derby, one known as
739:
Joint Midland and Great Northern of Ireland Railway
288:
248:
198:
193:
153:
102:
94:
86:
76:
65:
60:
4904:
4878:
4503:
4475:
4447:
4361:
4334:
4304:
4274:
4244:
3920:. Penryn: Atlantic Books. pp. 14β15, 17, 19.
3350:
3161:
3106:
3104:
2378:to much smaller facilities including piers on the
806:The arrival of the new chief mechanical engineer,
745:All of the above operated, at least partially, in
4786:Hendry, Dr R. Preston; Hendry, R. Powell (1982).
2684:Charles Lawrence, 1st Baron Lawrence of Kingsgate
2065:On 6 March 1930, a passenger train departed from
1888:Manchester, South Junction and Altrincham Railway
1781:as used by the LMS in the London area, stands at
1658:An LMS sleeping car in the standard maroon livery
1280:in Staffordshire were established in 1864 by the
1242:also contributed several works sites to the LMS.
741:91 miles (146 km), with interests in Ireland
4557:
4542:
4530:
4431:
4419:
4407:
4206:
3653:
3627:The Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway, volume 2
3576:
3564:
3552:
3540:
3473:
3458:
3337:
3325:
3300:
3288:
3242:
3230:
3071:
3018:
3006:
2991:
2976:
2959:
2013:On 25 October 1928, a goods train broke down at
557:, serving most major settlements in the region.
3778:
3776:
3774:
3713:
3711:
3709:
3707:
3694:
3692:
3679:
3677:
3664:
3662:
3496:
3494:
2479:Sank on 13 August 1941 off the Egyptian coast.
1254:in Buckinghamshire had been established by the
4329:
4327:
4072:. Truro: Atlantic Books. pp. 19, 25, 48.
3189:
3187:
1793:Schemes in the London area generally used the
1639:List of LMS locomotives as of 31 December 1947
565:, and consisted of 201 miles (323 km) of
5172:
5095:
4867:Sir William Stanier: An engineering biography
4601:Intellectual Property Office (United Kingdom)
3215:
2911:. The London, Midland and Scottish Railway's
2851:which operated services primarily around the
535:, and the Great Western running services via
8:
4828:. Wellingborough: Patrick Stephens Limited.
4701:(10th ed.). Harrow: Capital Transport.
3995:
3993:
3991:
3989:
3963:
3961:
3959:
3957:
3955:
3953:
3951:
3949:
3911:
3909:
3907:
3881:
3879:
3877:
3875:
1211:. The former was opened in the 1840s by the
929:, and trained staff to step into key roles;
854:. British Railways transferred the lines in
43:
4928:Oxford Companion to British Railway History
2847:in the form of the train operating company
2677:, Chairman of the LMS between 1924 and 1927
2649:in Morecambe, which had been rebuilt as an
2330:Irish Mercantile Marine during World War II
1985:In June 1928, a mail train was derailed at
1635:LMS locomotive numbering and classification
5411:List of companies involved in the grouping
5102:
5088:
5080:
4386:
4384:
4004:. Penryn: Atlantic Books. pp. 21β25.
3837:
3835:
3833:
3831:
3829:
3827:
2407:
663:1,114.4 miles (1,793 km) route length
90:England; Northern Ireland; Scotland; Wales
49:
4442:
4440:
4239:
4237:
4060:
4058:
3782:
3729:
3717:
3698:
3683:
3668:
3504:inflation figures are based on data from
3485:
3398:
3377:
3121:
3119:
3110:
3095:
3083:
1266:in Lancashire, which had opened in 1886.
326:), and numerous other, smaller ventures.
5457:British companies disestablished in 1948
5442:Railway companies disestablished in 1948
5351:
4658:. St Michael's: Silver Link Publishing.
3174:
3172:
3170:
2006:In August 1928, a train was derailed at
1313:
447:Midland and Great Northern Joint Railway
4966:The London Tilbury and Southend Railway
4390:
4168:. Redruth: Atlantic Books. p. 48.
4100:. Redruth: Atlantic Books. p. 29.
3741:
2941:
2892:
2586:The LMS also inherited docks at Goole.
1692:and production at Newton Heath ceased.
481:County Donegal Railways Joint Committee
348:, along with the other members of the "
4520:– via British Newspaper Archive.
4492:– via British Newspaper Archive.
4464:– via British Newspaper Archive.
4299:
4297:
4269:
4267:
3367:– via British Newspaper Archive.
3125:
953:were all tempted with special offers.
722:In Ireland there were three railways:
55:Crest of the LMS on a railway carriage
42:
5462:British companies established in 1923
5437:Railway companies established in 1923
4977:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles.
4630:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles.
4031:. Ministry of Transport. 5 March 1929
3765:
3753:
3137:
1890:were electrified using the 1500 V DC
892:, who had briefly held the office of
475:holdings, the LMS, together with the
7:
5432:London, Midland and Scottish Railway
4649:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles.
4148:
4049:
3940:
3866:
3178:
2564:, used for pleasure excursions from
1882:had already been electrified by the
1871:were added to this network in 1938.
617:, who could take LNER services from
599:London, Tilbury and Southend Railway
300:London, Midland and Scottish Railway
44:London, Midland and Scottish Railway
18:London, Midland and Scottish railway
3149:
2843:The name of the LMS was revived by
1913:overhead system, as early as 1908.
727:Dundalk, Newry and Greenore Railway
492:LMS were mainly overlapping on the
98:1 January 1923–1 January 1948
27:British railway company (1923β1947)
5452:Standard gauge railways in England
5447:Big four British railway companies
5366:London, Brighton & South Coast
4735:Ellis, Cuthbert Hamilton (1961) .
4697:Day, John R.; Reed, John (2008) .
2666:Chairmen of the board of directors
1996:due to excessive speed on a curve.
1671:and the L&YR at Newton Heath.
783:Locomotives of the Midland Railway
711:, and one of the most famous, the
25:
5376:South Eastern and Chatham Railway
5371:London, Chatham and Dover Railway
4699:The Story of London's Underground
4597:"Trade mark number UK00003270382"
3820:– via The Railways Archive.
3255:"Main-Line Companies Dissolved".
2271:when a bridge collapsed under it.
1597:Locomotive, Carriage & Wagon
1514:Locomotive, Carriage & Wagon
1305:Glasgow and South Western Railway
1233:Birmingham and Gloucester Railway
1006:LMS monogram at Llandudno Station
673:Glasgow and South Western Railway
462:Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway
453:was wholly incorporated into the
140:Glasgow and South Western Railway
4626:Arnold, R. M. (16 August 1973).
3162:Hunt, Jennison & Essery 2010
2811:
2442:Isle of Man Steam Packet Company
2346:. This ship was part of the LMS
1894:system, opening on 11 May 1931.
1884:Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway
1703:
1260:Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway
907:Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway
689:Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway
685:London and North Western Railway
595:London and North Western Railway
477:Great Northern Railway (Ireland)
443:London and North Eastern Railway
413:London and North Western Railway
358:London and North Eastern Railway
320:Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway
312:London and North Western Railway
120:Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway
110:London and North Western Railway
4739:(4th ed.). Hampton Court:
4484:. Northern Ireland. 16 May 1933
3809:Pringle, J.W. (8 August 1923).
3037:. Virgin Trains. Archived from
2638:largest chain of hotels in the
2362:through ferry harbours such as
585:Apparent geographical anomalies
5151:London, Midland & Scottish
5053:LMS discussion group on Yahoo!
2737:Ernest Frederic Crosbie Trench
1665:Derby Carriage and Wagon Works
1178:Particularly notable were the
1132:between London St Pancras and
810:, who was brought in from the
697:2,170.75 miles (3,493 km)
403:The principal routes were the
1:
4790:. Oxford Publishing Company.
4752:. Oxford Publishing Company.
4750:LMS Branch Lines, 1945 β 1965
4196:(Requires login/subscription)
2003:, London, injuring 30 people.
1874:In Manchester, the line from
1559:
1533:
1256:London and Birmingham Railway
998:Charter and excursion traffic
352:" British railway companies (
4911:. George Allen & Unwin.
4885:. George Allen & Unwin.
4645:Bonavia, Michael R. (1980).
4558:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
4543:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
4531:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
4432:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
4420:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
4408:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
4207:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
4124:. Office of Rail Regulation.
3654:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
3577:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
3565:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
3553:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
3541:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
3474:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
3459:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
3338:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
3326:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
3301:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
3289:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
3243:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
3231:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
3072:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
3019:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
3007:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
2992:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
2977:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
2960:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002
2553:
2525:
2498:Sold in 1928 to Bland Line,
2491:
2459:
2433:
2314:British Transport Commission
822:that had been introduced by
709:Midland & Great Northern
292:7,790 miles (12,537 km)
5308:Glasgow & South Western
5071:20th Century Press Archives
4136:"Four Fold Train Collision"
3086:, Chapter I: "Introduction"
2866:LMS was trademarked by the
2753:Northern Counties Committee
2596:Hay's Wharf Cartage Company
2556:
2528:
2494:
2462:
2436:
2260:; 20 killed and 21 injured.
2036:when it overran signals at
1282:North Staffordshire Railway
1262:, including their works at
1047:in the Scottish highlands,
1023:, and a further 55 for the
733:Northern Counties Committee
701:North Staffordshire Railway
563:Northern Counties Committee
549:Northern Counties Committee
184:Northern Counties Committee
125:North Staffordshire Railway
5478:
5361:London & South Western
5323:London & North Western
5318:Lancashire & Yorkshire
5140:London & North Eastern
4456:. England. 5 February 1927
4194:Retrieved on 29 June 2008
2760:Chief mechanical engineers
2725:Sir William Valentine Wood
2613:
2327:
2239:
2135:
1939:. Four people were killed.
1897:Finally the route between
1763:
1747:
1647:
1628:
1416:Derby Carriage & Wagon
1246:was opened in 1840 by the
1190:Traction and rolling stock
860:Ulster Transport Authority
735:265.25 miles (426 km)
703:220.75 miles (355 km)
649:
546:
430:
177:Ulster Transport Authority
29:
5398:
5119:
5114:British railway companies
4843:Kay, Peter (April 2010).
4824:Jenkinson, David (1990).
4512:. England. 27 August 1948
4166:Trains in Trouble: Vol. 4
4098:Trains in Trouble: Vol. 3
4070:Trains in Trouble: Vol. 4
4002:Trains in Trouble: Vol. 7
3970:Trains in Trouble: Vol. 6
3918:Trains in Trouble: Vol. 8
3888:Trains in Trouble: Vol. 5
3352:"LMS School of Transport"
3216:Simmons & Biddle 1997
2820:This article needs to be
2421:
2416:
2413:
2410:
2401:Ships inherited from the
2316:, and eventually to the
2251:Bourne End, Hertfordshire
1109:in six and a half hours.
1033:Glasgow Empire Exhibition
894:Chief Mechanical Engineer
824:George Jackson Churchward
675:498.5 miles (802 km)
445:, the LMS ran the former
48:
5062:English Heritage Archive
3842:Trevena, Arthur (1980).
2868:Department for Transport
2487:SS Duchess of Devonshire
2350:fleet from 1935 to 1947.
1962:Leeds Wellington station
1270:St. Rollox railway works
1154:conveying portions from
834:The war-damaged LMS was
717:Cheshire Lines Committee
567:5 ft 3 in
383:1920s map of LMS network
234:5 ft 3 in
5255:Great North of Scotland
4654:Carter, Oliver (1990).
4647:The Four Great Railways
4000:Earnshaw, Alan (1991).
3968:Earnshaw, Alan (1990).
3916:Earnshaw, Alan (1993).
3886:Earnshaw, Alan (1989).
3506:Clark, Gregory (2017).
3359:. England. 22 July 1938
2863:between 2007 and 2017.
2318:British Waterways Board
1037:Blackpool Illuminations
978:Royal Academy of London
896:pending the arrival of
880:Commercial organisation
729:26.5 miles (42 km)
681:506 miles (814 km)
669:158 miles (254 km)
623:London Liverpool Street
603:London Fenchurch Street
601:which operated between
272:side contact third rail
4807:The standard compounds
4769:The Railway Detectives
4767:Hall, Stanley (1990).
4748:Gammell, C.J. (1980).
4716:Dixon, Frank (1994) .
2855:and services north to
2678:
2629:
2351:
2306:Trent and Mersey Canal
1944:electric multiple unit
1790:
1779:electric multiple unit
1712:This section is empty.
1659:
1248:Grand Junction Railway
1221:Birmingham & Derby
1071:ferry service and the
1007:
802:The Stanier revolution
642:
609:, with a loop serving
384:
5381:South Eastern Railway
4964:Welch, H. D. (1963).
4945:Welbourn, N. (1994).
4771:. London: Ian Allan.
4682:. London: Ian Allan.
4679:Britain's Joint Lines
4510:Derby Daily Telegraph
3633:. pp. 214, 224.
3591:Thomas, David St John
3589:Whitehouse, Patrick;
3357:Derby Daily Telegraph
2857:Liverpool Lime Street
2755:in Northern Ireland.)
2749:William Kelly Wallace
2673:
2653:landmark, as had the
2623:
2614:Further information:
2422:Notes and references
2341:
2328:Further information:
2294:Montgomeryshire Canal
2283:Non-railway interests
2276:Grendon, Warwickshire
2242:Bourne End rail crash
1969:Parkgate and Rawmarsh
1942:On 26 April 1924, an
1783:Harrow and Wealdstone
1776:
1764:Further information:
1657:
1556:Carriage & Wagon
1506:Lochgorm (Inverness)
1425:Carriage & Wagon
1339:Carriage & Wagon
1320:Pre-grouping company
1005:
848:London Midland Region
812:Great Western Railway
770:Birmingham New Street
713:Somerset & Dorset
650:Further information:
640:
629:to Fenchurch Street.
625:or LMS services from
547:Further information:
382:
354:Great Western Railway
165:London Midland Region
4477:"The L.M.S. Railway"
3399:& Wilkinson 1969
3378:& Wilkinson 1969
3258:The Railway Magazine
2872:InterCity West Coast
2731:Chief civil engineer
2598:Ltd., the owners of
2509:Scrapped in 1949 at
2440:Sold in 1928 to the
2258:Lichfield rail crash
1855:and from Aintree to
1799:Metropolitan Railway
1755:Technical innovation
1297:North London Railway
1115:Thames-Clyde Express
487:Areas of competition
479:, jointly owned the
405:West Coast Main Line
5333:North Staffordshire
5260:Hull & Barnsley
5110:The "Big Four" pre-
5022:G. C. Nash (1946).
4930:(1 ed.). OUP.
4743:. 940/554/125 1059.
4737:The Midland Railway
4482:Belfast News-Letter
4222:. Simplon Postcards
4192:. 11 February 1937.
3742:Day & Reed 2008
3631:David & Charles
3599:David & Charles
3032:"The LMS era (PDF)"
2543:, Germany in 1937.
2221:blackout conditions
1917:All-steel carriages
1880:Manchester Victoria
1836:, energised at 630
962:School of Transport
842:, becoming part of
471:Through the former
265:630 V DC third and
45:
5026:. LMS. p. 88.
4999:. London: Seeley.
4368:Miramar Ship Index
4341:Miramar Ship Index
4311:Miramar Ship Index
4281:Miramar Ship Index
4251:Miramar Ship Index
3601:. pp. 165β9.
3502:Retail Price Index
3044:on 16 October 2006
2797:Henry George Ivatt
2743:Alexander Newlands
2679:
2630:
2579:Scrapped in 1960.
2455:SS City of Belfast
2352:
2138:Winwick rail crash
1845:Liverpool Exchange
1791:
1660:
1347:Barrow-in-Furness
1274:Caledonian Railway
1209:Carriage and Wagon
1134:Manchester Central
1082:Scheduled services
1008:
867:Railway operations
840:Transport Act 1947
661:Caledonian Railway
643:
512:, with the former
441:Together with the
385:
346:Transport Act 1947
324:Caledonian Railway
135:Caledonian Railway
95:Dates of operation
5419:
5418:
5006:978-0-85422-000-7
4997:A Brush with Life
4993:Wilkinson, Norman
4937:978-0-19-211697-0
4854:978-1-899890-43-9
4816:978-1-905184-81-1
4708:978-1-85414-316-7
4637:978-0-7153-5644-9
4577:. 4 November 2016
4560:, pp. 58β59.
4220:"Midland Railway"
3844:Trains in Trouble
3233:, pp. 38β39.
3195:"William Stanier"
3113:, pp. 46β67.
3098:, pp. 15β36.
2926:photolithographic
2876:Avanti West Coast
2841:
2840:
2584:
2583:
2448:in November 1936
2356:Barrow-in-Furness
2310:Act of Parliament
2223:and was derailed.
2010:, Worcestershire.
2008:Ashton under Hill
1732:
1731:
1622:
1621:
1307:) and Inverness (
1289:Barrow-in-Furness
1120:London St Pancras
983:photolithographic
949:and conveyors of
619:Southend Victoria
409:Midland Main Line
394:Railways Act 1921
308:Railways Act 1921
296:
295:
16:(Redirected from
5469:
5353:
5290:
5232:
5174:
5164:
5159:
5153:
5148:
5142:
5137:
5131:
5126:
5104:
5097:
5090:
5081:
5027:
5010:
4988:
4969:
4968:. Oakwood Press.
4960:
4941:
4922:
4910:
4896:
4884:
4870:
4858:
4839:
4820:
4801:
4782:
4763:
4744:
4731:
4712:
4693:
4674:Casserley, H. C.
4669:
4650:
4641:
4612:
4611:
4609:
4607:
4593:
4587:
4586:
4584:
4582:
4567:
4561:
4555:
4546:
4540:
4534:
4528:
4522:
4521:
4519:
4517:
4507:
4505:"Civil Engineer"
4500:
4494:
4493:
4491:
4489:
4479:
4472:
4466:
4465:
4463:
4461:
4451:
4449:"L.M.S. Changes"
4444:
4435:
4429:
4423:
4417:
4411:
4405:
4394:
4388:
4379:
4378:
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4210:
4204:
4198:
4193:
4186:
4180:
4179:
4158:
4152:
4146:
4140:
4139:
4138:. British Pathe.
4132:
4126:
4125:
4118:
4112:
4111:
4090:
4084:
4083:
4062:
4053:
4047:
4041:
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4016:
4015:
3997:
3984:
3983:
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3696:
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3681:
3672:
3666:
3657:
3651:
3645:
3644:
3629:. Newton Abbot:
3619:
3613:
3612:
3597:. Newton Abbot:
3586:
3580:
3574:
3568:
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3556:
3550:
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2989:
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2957:
2929:
2922:
2916:
2897:
2836:
2833:
2827:
2815:
2814:
2807:
2791:Charles Fairburn
2574:Second World War
2489:
2408:
2109:, Staffordshire.
2107:Great Bridgeford
2082:Leighton Buzzard
1955:Lytham St. Annes
1950:station, London.
1815:Watford Junction
1727:
1724:
1714:You can help by
1707:
1700:
1564:
1561:
1538:
1535:
1314:
1309:Highland Railway
1217:Midland Counties
1124:Glasgow St Enoch
1073:Belgian railways
1063:, by way of the
1059:battlefields in
1012:excursion trains
988:Irish Free State
974:Norman Wilkinson
915:Irish Free State
856:Northern Ireland
850:and part of the
846:. It formed the
844:British Railways
779:Sir Henry Fowler
747:Northern Ireland
679:Highland Railway
627:Southend Central
580:
576:
572:
568:
555:Northern Ireland
543:Northern Ireland
494:West London Line
366:British Railways
362:Southern Railway
342:Northern Ireland
243:Northern Ireland
240:
235:
230:
224:
220:
218:
217:
213:
210:
158:British Railways
145:Highland Railway
53:
46:
32:British Railways
21:
5477:
5476:
5472:
5471:
5470:
5468:
5467:
5466:
5422:
5421:
5420:
5415:
5394:
5346:
5283:
5225:
5182:Alexandra Docks
5167:
5157:
5156:
5146:
5145:
5135:
5134:
5124:
5123:
5115:
5112:nationalisation
5108:
5038:The LMS Society
5034:
5021:
5018:
5016:Further reading
5013:
5007:
4991:
4985:
4972:
4963:
4957:
4947:Lost Lines: LMR
4944:
4938:
4925:
4919:
4899:
4893:
4873:
4861:
4855:
4842:
4836:
4823:
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4485:
4474:
4473:
4469:
4459:
4457:
4454:Crewe Chronicle
4446:
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3405:
3397:
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3372:
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3360:
3349:
3348:
3344:
3336:
3332:
3324:
3307:
3299:
3295:
3287:
3266:
3254:
3253:
3249:
3241:
3237:
3229:
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3214:
3210:
3200:
3198:
3193:
3192:
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3168:
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3156:
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3094:
3090:
3082:
3078:
3070:
3057:
3047:
3045:
3041:
3034:
3030:
3029:
3025:
3021:, pp. 7β8.
3017:
3013:
3005:
2998:
2990:
2983:
2975:
2966:
2958:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2932:
2923:
2919:
2913:corporate image
2898:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2837:
2831:
2828:
2825:
2816:
2812:
2805:
2785:William Stanier
2783:1932β1944: Sir
2762:
2733:
2709:
2668:
2663:
2618:
2612:
2604:Carter Paterson
2592:
2577:
2537:
2507:
2485:
2478:
2471:
2468:Nicolaos Togias
2418:
2403:Midland Railway
2388:Furness Railway
2336:
2326:
2298:Ellesmere Canal
2290:
2285:
2244:
2206:Wembley Central
2199:Buckinghamshire
2181:Saltcoats North
2140:
2049:Bridgeton Cross
2042:Gloucestershire
1989:, Lincolnshire.
1932:
1919:
1861:Birkenhead Park
1843:. Routes from
1787:nationalisation
1768:
1762:
1760:Electrification
1757:
1752:
1746:
1737:
1728:
1722:
1719:
1698:
1652:
1646:
1641:
1629:Main articles:
1627:
1562:
1536:
1293:Furness Railway
1252:Wolverton works
1225:Midland Railway
1197:
1192:
1172:
1107:Glasgow Central
1098:Coronation Scot
1084:
1057:First World War
1055:, and even the
1051:in the English
1000:
970:
968:Railway posters
957:Passenger miles
898:William Stanier
886:Midland Railway
882:
869:
852:Scottish Region
838:in 1948 by the
832:
830:Nationalisation
808:William Stanier
804:
757:
695:Midland Railway
667:Furness Railway
654:
648:
635:
591:Midland Railway
587:
578:
574:
570:
566:
551:
545:
524:Main Line from
516:main line from
506:South Yorkshire
489:
473:Midland Railway
435:
429:
417:Midland Railway
390:
377:
316:Midland Railway
274:
269:
264:
250:Electrification
238:
233:
231:
226:
222:
215:
211:
208:
206:
205:4 ft
204:
189:
175:
174:
170:Scottish Region
149:
130:Furness Railway
115:Midland Railway
56:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5475:
5473:
5465:
5464:
5459:
5454:
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5294:
5292:
5285:
5284:
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5281:
5280:
5279:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5250:Great Northern
5247:
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5234:
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5099:
5092:
5084:
5078:
5077:
5064:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5033:
5032:External links
5030:
5029:
5028:
5024:The LMS at War
5017:
5014:
5012:
5011:
5005:
4989:
4983:
4970:
4961:
4955:
4942:
4936:
4923:
4917:
4897:
4891:
4871:
4859:
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4436:
4424:
4412:
4395:
4380:
4353:
4323:
4293:
4263:
4233:
4211:
4209:, p. 118.
4199:
4181:
4174:
4153:
4151:, p. 103.
4141:
4127:
4113:
4106:
4085:
4078:
4054:
4042:
4017:
4010:
3985:
3978:
3945:
3933:
3926:
3903:
3896:
3871:
3859:
3852:
3823:
3801:
3787:
3783:Jenkinson 1990
3770:
3758:
3746:
3734:
3730:Jenkinson 1990
3722:
3718:Jenkinson 1990
3703:
3699:Jenkinson 1990
3688:
3684:Jenkinson 1990
3673:
3669:Jenkinson 1990
3658:
3656:, p. 170.
3646:
3639:
3623:Marshall, John
3614:
3607:
3581:
3579:, p. 109.
3569:
3567:, p. 117.
3557:
3555:, p. 106.
3545:
3543:, p. 103.
3526:
3513:MeasuringWorth
3490:
3486:Jenkinson 1990
3478:
3463:
3442:
3433:
3421:
3412:
3403:
3391:
3382:
3370:
3342:
3340:, p. 100.
3330:
3305:
3293:
3264:
3247:
3235:
3220:
3208:
3197:. Graces Guide
3183:
3166:
3154:
3142:
3130:
3115:
3111:Casserley 1968
3100:
3096:Casserley 1968
3088:
3084:Casserley 1968
3076:
3074:, p. 186.
3055:
3023:
3011:
2996:
2981:
2979:, p. 205.
2964:
2962:, p. 204.
2940:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2917:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2849:London Midland
2839:
2838:
2819:
2817:
2810:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2793:
2787:
2781:
2775:
2769:
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2757:
2756:
2746:
2740:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2727:
2721:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2692:
2690:Sir Guy Granet
2686:
2675:Sir Guy Granet
2667:
2664:
2662:
2661:Notable people
2659:
2640:British Empire
2611:
2608:
2591:
2590:Road transport
2588:
2582:
2581:
2558:
2555:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2530:
2527:
2524:
2521:SS Londonderry
2516:
2515:
2496:
2493:
2490:
2482:
2481:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2450:
2449:
2444:. Scrapped at
2438:
2435:
2432:
2424:
2423:
2420:
2415:
2412:
2396:Coniston Water
2325:
2322:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2279:
2272:
2261:
2254:
2246:
2245:
2240:Main article:
2236:
2235:
2224:
2209:
2202:
2191:
2188:
2177:
2173:
2162:
2155:West Hampstead
2151:
2144:
2141:
2136:Main article:
2128:
2121:
2114:Little Salkeld
2110:
2103:
2092:
2089:
2078:
2063:
2056:
2045:
2028:, Somerset to
2022:
2011:
2004:
1997:
1990:
1983:
1976:
1965:
1958:
1951:
1940:
1931:
1928:
1922:steel tube or
1918:
1915:
1801:). Lines from
1785:station after
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1748:Main article:
1745:
1742:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1710:
1708:
1697:
1694:
1648:Main article:
1645:
1644:Coaching stock
1642:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1572:
1570:Stoke-on-Trent
1566:
1565:
1557:
1554:
1544:
1540:
1539:
1531:
1528:
1523:
1519:
1518:
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1387:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1348:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1332:
1328:
1327:
1326:Closed by LMS
1324:
1321:
1318:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1171:
1170:Goods services
1168:
1138:The Irish Mail
1083:
1080:
1017:Grand National
999:
996:
969:
966:
951:racing pigeons
943:season tickets
881:
878:
868:
865:
831:
828:
803:
800:
796:Sir Guy Granet
756:
753:
743:
742:
736:
730:
705:
704:
698:
692:
682:
676:
670:
664:
647:
644:
634:
631:
586:
583:
581:) gauge line.
544:
541:
488:
485:
431:Main article:
428:
425:
419:respectively.
389:
386:
376:
373:
331:British Empire
294:
293:
290:
286:
285:
252:
246:
245:
228:standard gauge
202:
196:
195:
191:
190:
188:
187:
180:
173:
172:
167:
161:
155:
151:
150:
148:
147:
142:
137:
132:
127:
122:
117:
112:
106:
104:
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:
80:
78:Reporting mark
74:
73:
67:
63:
62:
58:
57:
54:
36:London Midland
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5474:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5429:
5427:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5401:
5400:
5397:
5389:
5388:
5384:
5383:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5358:
5356:
5349:
5341:
5340:
5336:
5335:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5286:
5278:
5277:
5273:
5272:
5271:
5270:North Eastern
5268:
5266:
5265:North British
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5245:Great Eastern
5243:
5241:
5240:Great Central
5238:
5237:
5235:
5228:
5220:
5219:
5215:
5214:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5202:Great Western
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5179:
5177:
5170:
5163:
5155:
5152:
5144:
5141:
5133:
5130:
5129:Great Western
5122:
5121:
5118:
5113:
5105:
5100:
5098:
5093:
5091:
5086:
5085:
5082:
5076:
5072:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5048:The LMS Forum
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5035:
5031:
5025:
5020:
5019:
5015:
5008:
5002:
4998:
4994:
4990:
4986:
4984:0-7153-1378-9
4980:
4976:
4971:
4967:
4962:
4958:
4956:0-7110-2277-1
4952:
4949:. Ian Allan.
4948:
4943:
4939:
4933:
4929:
4924:
4920:
4918:0-04-385093-6
4914:
4909:
4908:
4902:
4898:
4894:
4892:0-04-385087-1
4888:
4883:
4882:
4876:
4872:
4868:
4864:
4860:
4856:
4850:
4846:
4841:
4837:
4835:0-85059-912-1
4831:
4827:
4822:
4818:
4812:
4808:
4803:
4799:
4797:0-86093-168-4
4793:
4789:
4784:
4780:
4778:0-7110-1929-0
4774:
4770:
4765:
4761:
4759:0-86093-062-9
4755:
4751:
4746:
4742:
4738:
4733:
4729:
4727:0-85361-454-7
4723:
4719:
4714:
4710:
4704:
4700:
4695:
4691:
4689:0-7110-0024-7
4685:
4681:
4680:
4675:
4671:
4667:
4665:0-947971-36-X
4661:
4657:
4652:
4648:
4643:
4639:
4633:
4629:
4624:
4623:
4618:
4602:
4598:
4592:
4589:
4576:
4572:
4566:
4563:
4559:
4554:
4552:
4548:
4545:, p. 46.
4544:
4539:
4536:
4533:, p. 56.
4532:
4527:
4524:
4511:
4506:
4499:
4496:
4483:
4478:
4471:
4468:
4455:
4450:
4443:
4441:
4437:
4434:, p. 39.
4433:
4428:
4425:
4422:, p. 37.
4421:
4416:
4413:
4410:, p. 38.
4409:
4404:
4402:
4400:
4396:
4392:
4387:
4385:
4381:
4369:
4364:
4357:
4354:
4342:
4337:
4330:
4328:
4324:
4312:
4307:
4300:
4298:
4294:
4282:
4277:
4270:
4268:
4264:
4252:
4247:
4240:
4238:
4234:
4221:
4215:
4212:
4208:
4203:
4200:
4197:
4191:
4185:
4182:
4177:
4175:0-906899-07-9
4171:
4167:
4163:
4157:
4154:
4150:
4145:
4142:
4137:
4131:
4128:
4123:
4117:
4114:
4109:
4107:0-906899-05-2
4103:
4099:
4095:
4089:
4086:
4081:
4079:0-906899-07-9
4075:
4071:
4067:
4061:
4059:
4055:
4052:, p. 95.
4051:
4046:
4043:
4027:
4021:
4018:
4013:
4011:0-906899-50-8
4007:
4003:
3996:
3994:
3992:
3990:
3986:
3981:
3979:0-906899-37-0
3975:
3971:
3964:
3962:
3960:
3958:
3956:
3954:
3952:
3950:
3946:
3943:, p. 85.
3942:
3937:
3934:
3929:
3927:0-906899-52-4
3923:
3919:
3912:
3910:
3908:
3904:
3899:
3897:0-906899-35-4
3893:
3889:
3882:
3880:
3878:
3876:
3872:
3869:, p. 83.
3868:
3863:
3860:
3855:
3853:0-906899-01-X
3849:
3845:
3838:
3836:
3834:
3832:
3830:
3828:
3824:
3812:
3805:
3802:
3797:
3791:
3788:
3785:, p. 31.
3784:
3779:
3777:
3775:
3771:
3768:, p. 129
3767:
3762:
3759:
3755:
3750:
3747:
3744:, p. 102
3743:
3738:
3735:
3732:, p. 24.
3731:
3726:
3723:
3720:, p. 23.
3719:
3714:
3712:
3710:
3708:
3704:
3701:, p. 21.
3700:
3695:
3693:
3689:
3686:, p. 11.
3685:
3680:
3678:
3674:
3671:, p. 10.
3670:
3665:
3663:
3659:
3655:
3650:
3647:
3642:
3640:0-7153-4906-6
3636:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3618:
3615:
3610:
3608:0-7153-8740-5
3604:
3600:
3596:
3592:
3585:
3582:
3578:
3573:
3570:
3566:
3561:
3558:
3554:
3549:
3546:
3542:
3537:
3535:
3533:
3531:
3527:
3515:
3514:
3509:
3503:
3497:
3495:
3491:
3488:, p. 87.
3487:
3482:
3479:
3476:, p. 99.
3475:
3470:
3468:
3464:
3461:, p. 98.
3460:
3455:
3453:
3451:
3449:
3447:
3443:
3437:
3434:
3428:
3426:
3422:
3416:
3413:
3407:
3404:
3401:, p. 105
3400:
3395:
3392:
3386:
3383:
3380:, p. 104
3379:
3374:
3371:
3358:
3353:
3346:
3343:
3339:
3334:
3331:
3328:, p. 96.
3327:
3322:
3320:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3312:
3310:
3306:
3303:, p. 14.
3302:
3297:
3294:
3291:, p. 97.
3290:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3279:
3277:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3269:
3265:
3260:
3259:
3251:
3248:
3245:, p. 23.
3244:
3239:
3236:
3232:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3212:
3209:
3196:
3190:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3175:
3173:
3171:
3167:
3163:
3158:
3155:
3151:
3146:
3143:
3139:
3134:
3131:
3127:
3122:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3107:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3092:
3089:
3085:
3080:
3077:
3073:
3068:
3066:
3064:
3062:
3060:
3056:
3040:
3033:
3027:
3024:
3020:
3015:
3012:
3009:, p. 15.
3008:
3003:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2988:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2973:
2971:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2956:
2954:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2946:
2942:
2935:
2927:
2921:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2896:
2893:
2886:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2864:
2862:
2861:London Euston
2859:and south to
2858:
2854:
2853:West Midlands
2850:
2846:
2835:
2823:
2818:
2809:
2808:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2792:
2788:
2786:
2782:
2780:
2776:
2774:
2770:
2768:
2767:George Hughes
2764:
2763:
2759:
2754:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2691:
2687:
2685:
2681:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2665:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2647:Midland Hotel
2643:
2641:
2636:
2627:
2626:Midland Hotel
2622:
2617:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2589:
2587:
2580:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2551:
2548:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2535:
2531:
2523:
2522:
2518:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2488:
2484:
2483:
2480:
2476:
2469:
2465:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2431:
2430:
2426:
2425:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2399:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2349:
2348:Clyde steamer
2345:
2344:TS Queen Mary
2340:
2335:
2331:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2302:Chester Canal
2299:
2295:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2273:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2259:
2255:
2252:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2238:
2237:
2233:
2232:Dumfriesshire
2229:
2225:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2207:
2203:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2133:
2129:
2126:
2122:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2108:
2104:
2101:
2097:
2096:Dagenham Dock
2093:
2090:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2020:
2019:Dumfriesshire
2016:
2012:
2009:
2005:
2002:
1998:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1963:
1959:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1895:
1893:
1892:overhead line
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1839:
1835:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1759:
1754:
1751:
1743:
1741:
1734:
1726:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1706:
1702:
1701:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1686:
1685:assembly line
1680:
1678:
1672:
1670:
1666:
1656:
1651:
1643:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1624:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1548:
1545:
1543:Newton Heath
1542:
1541:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1285:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1213:North Midland
1210:
1206:
1201:
1194:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1181:
1176:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1152:
1151:Pines Express
1147:
1143:
1142:London Euston
1139:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1103:London Euston
1100:
1099:
1093:
1090:
1089:sleeping cars
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1053:Lake District
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1013:
1004:
997:
995:
993:
989:
984:
979:
975:
967:
965:
963:
958:
954:
952:
948:
944:
938:
936:
932:
928:
927:rolling stock
924:
920:
916:
910:
908:
904:
899:
895:
891:
887:
879:
877:
875:
866:
864:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
829:
827:
825:
821:
820:Swindon Works
817:
813:
809:
801:
799:
797:
792:
786:
784:
780:
776:
771:
767:
766:North Western
763:
755:Early history
754:
752:
749:
748:
740:
737:
734:
731:
728:
725:
724:
723:
720:
718:
714:
710:
702:
699:
696:
693:
690:
686:
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
668:
665:
662:
659:
658:
657:
653:
645:
639:
632:
630:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
584:
582:
571:1,600 mm
564:
558:
556:
550:
542:
540:
538:
534:
529:
527:
523:
522:Great Central
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
502:East Midlands
497:
495:
486:
484:
482:
478:
474:
469:
467:
466:Great Western
463:
458:
456:
452:
448:
444:
439:
434:
433:Joint railway
426:
424:
420:
418:
414:
410:
406:
401:
398:
395:
387:
381:
374:
372:
369:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
338:
336:
332:
327:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
291:
287:
284:
281:
278:
273:
268:
263:
260:
257:
253:
251:
247:
244:
239:1,600 mm
236:
229:
223:1,435 mm
203:
201:
197:
192:
185:
182:
181:
178:
171:
168:
166:
163:
162:
159:
156:
152:
146:
143:
141:
138:
136:
133:
131:
128:
126:
123:
121:
118:
116:
113:
111:
108:
107:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
79:
75:
71:
68:
64:
59:
52:
47:
41:
37:
33:
19:
5385:
5354:constituents
5337:
5291:constituents
5274:
5233:constituents
5216:
5175:constituents
5150:
5023:
4996:
4974:
4965:
4946:
4927:
4906:
4880:
4869:. Ian Allan.
4866:
4844:
4825:
4806:
4787:
4768:
4749:
4736:
4717:
4698:
4678:
4655:
4646:
4627:
4604:. Retrieved
4591:
4579:. Retrieved
4574:
4565:
4538:
4526:
4514:. Retrieved
4509:
4498:
4486:. Retrieved
4481:
4470:
4458:. Retrieved
4453:
4427:
4415:
4391:Bonavia 1980
4371:. Retrieved
4356:
4344:. Retrieved
4314:. Retrieved
4284:. Retrieved
4254:. Retrieved
4224:. Retrieved
4214:
4202:
4195:
4184:
4165:
4156:
4144:
4130:
4116:
4097:
4088:
4069:
4045:
4033:. Retrieved
4020:
4001:
3969:
3936:
3917:
3887:
3862:
3843:
3814:. Retrieved
3804:
3790:
3761:
3756:, p. 67
3749:
3737:
3725:
3649:
3626:
3617:
3594:
3584:
3572:
3560:
3548:
3517:. Retrieved
3511:
3481:
3436:
3415:
3406:
3394:
3385:
3373:
3361:. Retrieved
3356:
3345:
3333:
3296:
3256:
3250:
3238:
3211:
3199:. Retrieved
3157:
3145:
3133:
3091:
3079:
3046:. Retrieved
3039:the original
3026:
3014:
2994:, p. 7.
2920:
2895:
2865:
2842:
2832:January 2024
2829:
2821:
2779:Ernest Lemon
2773:Henry Fowler
2714:Josiah Stamp
2696:Josiah Stamp
2655:Queens Hotel
2644:
2635:World War II
2631:
2593:
2585:
2578:
2549:
2539:Scrapped at
2538:
2533:
2520:
2508:
2503:
2486:
2474:
2472:
2467:
2453:
2428:
2400:
2353:
2291:
2148:vacuum brake
2086:Bedfordshire
1994:Renfrewshire
1920:
1896:
1873:
1869:New Brighton
1831:
1819:Broad Street
1792:
1769:
1744:Preservation
1738:
1723:January 2021
1720:
1716:adding to it
1711:
1696:Goods wagons
1681:
1673:
1661:
1286:
1268:
1237:
1202:
1198:
1195:Construction
1177:
1173:
1149:
1137:
1129:The Palatine
1127:
1113:
1111:
1096:
1094:
1085:
1077:
1010:Charter and
1009:
971:
955:
939:
918:
911:
890:Ernest Lemon
883:
870:
836:nationalised
833:
816:Josiah Stamp
805:
791:Josiah Stamp
787:
775:Crimson Lake
758:
750:
744:
738:
721:
706:
655:
607:Shoeburyness
588:
559:
552:
530:
500:London, the
498:
490:
470:
459:
440:
436:
421:
402:
399:
391:
370:
339:
328:
303:
299:
297:
70:Euston House
66:Headquarters
40:
4516:20 February
4488:20 February
4460:20 February
4373:15 December
4346:15 December
4316:15 December
4286:15 December
4256:15 December
4226:15 December
3126:Arnold 1973
2795:1945β1947:
2789:1944β1945:
2777:1931β1932:
2771:1925β1931:
2765:1923β1925:
2745:1927 β 1933
2723:1941β1947:
2718:Baron Stamp
2712:1926β1941:
2700:Baron Stamp
2694:1927β1941:
2688:1924β1927:
2682:1923β1924:
2560:Built as a
2541:Altenwerder
2504:Gibel Dersa
2360:Grangemouth
2228:Ecclefechan
2172:, Cheshire.
1625:Locomotives
1579:Locomotive
1563: 1932
1537: 1925
1530:Locomotive
1498:Locomotive
1490:Kilmarnock
1482:Locomotive
1451:Earlestown
1443:Locomotive
1407:Locomotive
1371:Locomotive
1355:Locomotive
1278:Stoke works
1244:Crewe Works
1207:and one as
1164:Bournemouth
933:trained as
923:locomotives
687:(including
579:914 mm
427:Joint lines
335:Post Office
270:1,200 V DC
267:fourth rail
254:600 or 650
200:Track gauge
103:Predecessor
5426:Categories
5298:Caledonian
4901:Nock, O.S.
4875:Nock, O.S.
4863:Nock, O.S.
4581:8 November
4393:, p.
4162:Hoole, Ken
4094:Hoole, Ken
4066:Hoole, Ken
3766:Ellis 1961
3754:Dixon 1994
3218:, p.
3181:, p.
3164:, p.
3152:, p.
3140:, p.
3138:Welch 1963
3128:, p.
2882:References
2720:from 1938)
2707:Presidents
2702:from 1938)
2572:until the
2502:, renamed
2475:Kephallina
2392:Windermere
2168:Junction,
2166:Coppenhall
2118:Cumberland
2075:Langwathby
2071:Cumberland
1924:box girder
1865:West Kirby
1834:third rail
1588:St. Rollox
1434:Derby Loco
1380:Bromsgrove
1301:Kilmarnock
1229:Bromsgrove
1205:Derby Loco
1160:Manchester
992:Paul Henry
919:Quota News
526:Marylebone
520:(LMS) and
518:St Pancras
510:Manchester
275:6.6 kV 25
262:third rail
5387:Full list
5339:Full list
5276:Full list
5218:Full list
5212:Taff Vale
4847:. P.Kay.
4741:Ian Allan
4606:24 August
4363:"1084974"
4336:"1116017"
4306:"1099941"
4276:"1099938"
4246:"1116015"
4149:Hall 1990
4050:Hall 1990
3941:Hall 1990
3867:Hall 1990
3611:. 01LO49.
3179:Nock 1964
2936:Citations
2600:Pickfords
2570:Fleetwood
2550:SS Wyvern
2513:, Spain.
2500:Gibraltar
2429:SS Antrim
2414:Launched
2376:Fleetwood
2372:Stranraer
2269:Yorkshire
2217:Yorkshire
2213:Todmorden
2195:Bletchley
2183:station,
2159:Middlesex
2069:station,
2038:Ashchurch
2034:Yorkshire
2015:Dinwoodie
1987:Swinderby
1973:Yorkshire
1971:station,
1930:Accidents
1907:Morecambe
1899:Lancaster
1849:Southport
1829:in 1932.
1827:Upminster
1795:four-rail
1669:Wolverton
1615:Carriage
1606:Wolverton
1522:Maryport
1494:G&SWR
1335:G&SWR
1331:Barassie
1200:railway.
1156:Liverpool
1069:Dunkerque
1041:Blackpool
1025:Cup Final
646:Formation
575:3 ft
457:in 1936.
375:Geography
194:Technical
154:Successor
5402:See also
5313:Highland
5192:Cambrian
5162:Southern
4995:(1969).
4903:(1982).
4877:(1982).
4865:(1964).
4676:(1968).
4575:BBC News
4164:(1983).
4096:(1982).
4068:(1983).
3625:(1970).
3593:(1987).
3201:22 March
3150:Kay 2010
2651:Art Deco
2477:in 1933.
2473:Renamed
2364:Holyhead
2324:Shipping
2265:Keighley
2185:Ayrshire
2176:injured.
2132:Cheshire
2067:Culgaith
2060:Doe Hill
1857:Ormskirk
1823:Richmond
1526:M&CR
1295:), Bow (
1276:, while
1148:and the
1146:Holyhead
1118:between
874:counties
764:and the
615:Southend
593:and the
451:M&GN
415:and the
407:and the
388:Overview
350:Big Four
283:overhead
219: in
72:, London
61:Overview
5328:Midland
5303:Furness
5207:Rhymney
5197:Cardiff
5073:of the
5069:in the
4730:. OL34.
4619:Sources
4035:10 June
3816:3 March
3363:17 June
2822:updated
2566:Heysham
2534:Flamand
2446:Preston
2417:Tonnage
2368:Heysham
2256:1946 β
2125:Glasgow
2053:Glasgow
2026:Bristol
1903:Heysham
1853:Aintree
1807:Barking
1551:L&Y
1477:L&Y
1468:Horwich
1264:Horwich
1065:Tilbury
1061:Belgium
1049:Keswick
1029:Wembley
1021:Aintree
947:anglers
935:drivers
931:firemen
858:to the
762:Midland
633:History
611:Tilbury
537:Banbury
514:Midland
483:lines.
214:⁄
5160:
5158:
5149:
5147:
5138:
5136:
5127:
5125:
5003:
4981:
4953:
4934:
4915:
4889:
4851:
4832:
4813:
4794:
4775:
4756:
4724:
4705:
4686:
4662:
4634:
4172:
4104:
4076:
4008:
3976:
3924:
3894:
3850:
3637:
3605:
2803:Legacy
2610:Hotels
2602:, and
2511:MΓ‘laga
2419:(GRT)
2380:Thames
2288:Canals
2001:Euston
1948:Euston
1937:Diggle
1811:Euston
1735:Livery
1637:; and
1459:Wagon
1389:Wagon
1317:Works
318:, the
314:, the
289:Length
186:(1949)
87:Locale
5187:Barry
4029:(PDF)
3519:7 May
3048:7 May
3042:(PDF)
3035:(PDF)
2887:Notes
2845:Govia
2529:2,086
2495:1,265
2463:1,055
2437:2,100
2411:Ship
2384:Clyde
2170:Crewe
2100:Essex
2030:Leeds
1980:Upney
1689:Derby
1582:1930
1398:Crewe
1358:1930
1323:Type
1184:Brent
1180:Toton
1140:from
533:Rugby
241:) in
5231:LNER
5001:ISBN
4979:ISBN
4951:ISBN
4932:ISBN
4913:ISBN
4887:ISBN
4849:ISBN
4830:ISBN
4811:ISBN
4792:ISBN
4773:ISBN
4754:ISBN
4722:ISBN
4703:ISBN
4684:ISBN
4660:ISBN
4632:ISBN
4608:2018
4583:2016
4518:2022
4490:2022
4462:2022
4375:2009
4348:2009
4318:2009
4288:2009
4258:2009
4228:2009
4170:ISBN
4102:ISBN
4074:ISBN
4037:2014
4006:ISBN
3974:ISBN
3922:ISBN
3892:ISBN
3848:ISBN
3818:2018
3635:ISBN
3603:ISBN
3521:2024
3365:2017
3203:2013
3050:2024
2907:and
2901:LNER
2624:The
2554:1905
2526:1904
2492:1897
2460:1893
2434:1904
2394:and
2382:and
2374:and
2358:and
2342:The
2332:and
2300:and
1905:via
1901:and
1876:Bury
1867:and
1851:and
1677:jigs
1611:LNWR
1547:LNWR
1473:LNWR
1455:LNWR
1403:LNWR
1363:Bow
1240:LNWR
1238:The
1219:and
1158:and
1122:and
1105:and
1045:Oban
925:and
903:LNWR
605:and
508:and
455:LNER
392:The
360:and
298:The
5289:LMS
5173:GWR
5075:ZBW
3500:UK
2905:GWR
2568:to
2562:tug
2557:232
2390:on
2219:in
1878:to
1863:to
1847:to
1821:to
1813:to
1805:to
1803:Bow
1777:An
1718:.
1575:NSR
1367:NLR
1299:),
1235:.
1162:to
1144:to
1067:to
1027:at
1019:at
814:by
785:).
621:to
304:LMS
82:LMS
5428::
5352:SR
4599:.
4573:.
4550:^
4508:.
4480:.
4452:.
4439:^
4398:^
4383:^
4366:.
4339:.
4326:^
4309:.
4296:^
4279:.
4266:^
4249:.
4236:^
4057:^
3988:^
3948:^
3906:^
3874:^
3826:^
3773:^
3706:^
3691:^
3676:^
3661:^
3529:^
3510:.
3493:^
3466:^
3445:^
3424:^
3355:.
3308:^
3267:^
3223:^
3186:^
3169:^
3118:^
3103:^
3058:^
2999:^
2984:^
2967:^
2944:^
2924:A
2909:SR
2903:,
2878:.
2642:.
2405:.
2398:.
2370:,
2366:,
2320:.
2296:,
2267:,
2230:,
2215:,
2197:,
2157:,
2116:,
2098:,
2084:,
2051:,
2040:,
2032:,
2017:,
1911:AC
1841:DC
1817:,
1809:,
1633:;
1618:β
1600:β
1593:CR
1560:c.
1553:)
1534:c.
1517:β
1510:HR
1501:β
1485:β
1479:)
1462:β
1446:β
1439:MR
1428:β
1421:MR
1410:β
1392:β
1385:MR
1374:β
1351:FR
1342:β
1215:,
1166:.
1136:,
1126:,
1075:.
909:.
798:.
719:.
539:.
504:,
496:.
468:.
368:.
356:,
337:.
280:AC
277:Hz
259:DC
225:)
179::
160::
5103:e
5096:t
5089:v
5009:.
4987:.
4959:.
4940:.
4921:.
4895:.
4857:.
4838:.
4819:.
4800:.
4781:.
4762:.
4711:.
4692:.
4668:.
4640:.
4610:.
4585:.
4377:.
4350:.
4320:.
4290:.
4260:.
4230:.
4178:.
4110:.
4082:.
4039:.
4014:.
3982:.
3930:.
3900:.
3856:.
3798:.
3643:.
3523:.
3205:.
3052:.
2834:)
2830:(
2824:.
2716:(
2698:(
2576:.
2536:.
2506:.
2470:.
2161:.
1838:V
1789:.
1725:)
1721:(
1675:"
1549:(
1475:(
1303:(
1291:(
1182:β
577:(
569:(
302:(
256:V
237:(
221:(
216:2
212:1
209:+
207:8
38:.
20:)
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