London Wall - Knowledge (XXG)

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within a hundred years the whole area had been laid out with walks and avenues of trees. In 1672 Moorgate was rebuilt as an imposing ceremonial entrance. This was demolished to improve traffic access in 1761. The City Wall to the east became incorporated into the Bethlehem Hospital (Bedlam) for the insane. This long stretch of the Wall was finally demolished in 1817.

5455: 1066: 1058: 4251: 1045:. Within the grounds of the Tower remains of the eastern most wall can still be seen along with a line in the paths heading North within the Tower grounds to outline where it used to run before most of it was demolished to expand the fortification of the Tower. This followed on with a junction at the Tower of London's moat to the 2341:

Outside the Wall were wooden tenter frames used for stretching newly woven cloth (the origin of the phrase 'to be on tenter hooks'). A gun foundry can also be seen near St Botolph's Church at the end of Houndsditch. Beyond were open fields (Spital Fields) stretching towards the villages of Shoreditch

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feet (4.4 m) high, with medieval stonework above. The Wall was constructed with coursed blocks of ragstone which sandwiched a rubble and mortar core. Layers of flat red tiles were used at intervals to give extra strength and stability. Complete with its battlements the Roman Wall would have been

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The fort was later incorporated into a city-wide defence in the late 2nd or early 3rd century AD, though the reason for such a large and expensive fortification is unknown. The fort's north and west walls were thickened and doubled in height to form part of the new city wall. The incorporation of the

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Running northwards from the gate-tower is the fort wall, 4 feet (1.2 m) thick with the internal thickening added when the fort was incorporated into the Roman city defences c AD 200. The gate was eventually blocked, probably in the troubled years of the later 4th century. By the medieval period

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miles (2.8 km) long and is marked by twenty-one panels which can be followed in either direction. The City Wall was built by the Romans c AD 200. During the Saxon period it fell into decay. From the 12th to 17th centuries large sections of the Roman Wall and gates were repaired or rebuilt. From

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The Roman gate apparently survived until the medieval period (called Alegate or Algate) when it was rebuilt in 1108–47, and again in 1215. Its continued importance was assured by the building of the great Priory of Holy Trinity just inside the gate. The medieval gate had a single entrance flanked by

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When the Roman City Wall was built (c AD 200) a stone gate perhaps already spanned the Roman road linking London (Londinium) with Colchester (Camulodunum). The gate probably had twin entrances flanked by guard towers. Outside the gate a large cemetery developed to the south of the road. In the later

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To the north is the site of one of the towers added to the outside of the wall in the 4th century. Stone recovered from its foundations in 1852 and 1935 included part of the memorial inscription from the tomb of Julius Classicianus. the Roman Provincial Procurator (financial administrator) in AD 61.

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The layout of the Roman and medieval walls have had a profound effect on the development of London, even down to the present day. The walls constrained the growth of the city, and the location of the limited number of gates and the route of the roads through them shaped development within the walls,

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around 200 AD. Its purpose may have been as much to control the passage of good and people as for defence. Against its inner face on this side, the wall was reinforced by a substantial earth rampart. Outside was a wide ditch. In the far right hand corner, evidence of an internal turret was found in

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There was no Roman gate here but in the Middle Ages a small gate was built. In 1415 it was totally rebuilt by the Mayor Thomas Falconer and the engraving shows it after substantial rebuilding as a single gate, flanked by towers. Throughout the 16th century attempts were made to drain the marsh and

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The long presence of the walls has had a profound and continuing effect on the character of the City of London, and surrounding areas. The walls constrained the growth of the city, and the location of the limited number of gates and the route of the roads through them shaped development within the

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Excavation work has traced a significant development of 980 feet (300 m) of timber-framed waterfronts to the east and west of the modern site of London Bridge, with a piece of wooden bridge found at the end of Fish Street Hill. The constructions advancing around 115 feet (35 m) into the

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In 1984, the Museum of London set up a Wall Walk from the Tower of London to the museum, using 23 tiled panels. A number of these have been destroyed in subsequent years. At Noble Street, the panels were replaced by etched glass panels. These were intended as a prototype for new panels along the

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Moorgate was the only gate whose name described its location as it gave access to the moor or marsh which stretched along the northern side of the city. In the early Roman period the area was well-drained by the Walbrook stream by the construction of the City Wall (c AD 200) impeded the natural

713:, additional gates and further towers and bastions. Aside from the seven City Wall gates and the four bars, there are the 13 water-gates on the Thames where goods were unloaded from ships. These include Billingsgate and Bridge Gate. Additionally there were pedestrian-only gates such as the 659: 2345:

The historian John Stow, writing c 1580, recorded the many unsuccessful attempts to prevent the City ditch becoming a dumping ground for rubbish including the dead dogs, which gave Houndsditch its name. In the 17th century the ditch was finally filled in and the area used for gardens'.

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The seven gates to the City of London, with many repairs and rebuilding over the years, stood until they were all demolished between 1760 and 1767. Work to demolish the walls continued into the 19th century; however, large sections of the wall were incorporated into other structures.

280:, was later incorporated into a comprehensive city-wide defence, with its strengthened northern and western sides becoming part of the Wall which was built around 200. The incorporation of the fort's walls gave the walled area its distinctive shape in the north-west part of the city. 849:. The wall provided security but was a constraint to accessibility and growth. The extent of the city's jurisdiction has changed little from 1000 to the modern day; but the extramural parts were long home to only a few people. A notable late change to the boundary appears to be that 2604:

the 17th century, as London expanded rapidly in size, the Wall was no longer necessary for defence. During the 18th century demolition of parts of the Wall began, and by the 19th century most of the Wall had disappeared. Only recently have several sections again become visible'.

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the 17th century, as London expanded rapidly in size, the Wall was no longer necessary for defence. During the 18th century demolition of parts of the Wall began, and by the 19th century, most of the Wall had disappeared. Only recently have several sections again become visible.

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1944:' area, the Wall was no longer necessary for defence. Much of it was demolished in the 18th and 19th centuries and where sections survived they became buried under shops and warehouses. During the 20th century, several sections have been revealed by excavations and preserved'. 1097:. In present times the roads Leadenhall Street and Fenchurch Street lead into Aldgate High Street, where the gate's foundations are buried roughly where the Jewry Street intersects. Following the wall north, it runs between what is now The Aldgate School and Aldgate Square. 491:, was originally the eastern part of the Roman riverside wall that was built or rebuilt in the late 4th century. The riverside wall may have limited access to the Thames, both commercial and otherwise, so it may have reflected a diminished level of activity within the city. 2052:

In the medieval period, the defences were repaired and heightened. The stonework was more irregular with a sentry walk only 3 feet (0.91 m) wide. To the west was the site of the Tower Hill scaffold where many famous prisoners were publicly beheaded, the last in 1747'.

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The engraving shows the area around Bevis Marks as it appeared (c 1560–70) in the reign of Elizabeth I. The City Wall, Aldgate, four towers and the City ditch can be clearly seen. Although the Wall has now disappeared in this area many of the streets still survive today.

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Roman urban defences in the West: a review of current research on urban defences in the Roman Empire with special reference to the northern provinces, based on papers presented to the conference on Roman urban defences, held at the Museum of London on 21–23 March

1015:. This alignment, however, is the result of rebuilding between 1957 and 1976. Before this, London Wall was narrower, and ran behind the line of the City Wall for its entire length, from Wormwood Street to Wood Street. The western section is now St Alphage Garden. 1245:

The bastions, towers built against the face of the city wall, are scattered irregularly across its perimeter. Not bonded to the city wall itself, they are considered to be added after the construction of the wall and even later after by post-Roman builders.

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c. AD 200, one hundred and fifty years after the foundation of Londinium. It stretched for 2 miles (3.2 km), incorporating a pre-existing fort. In the 4th century, the Romans strengthened the defences with towers on the eastern section of the wall.

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miles (2.8 km) long and is marked by twenty-one panels which can be followed in either direction. Completion of the Walk will take between one and two hours. Wheelchairs can reach most individual sites although access is difficult at some points'.

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recorded that London was "refounded" by Alfred. Archaeological research shows that this involved abandonment of Lundenwic and a revival of life and trade within the old Roman walls. This was part Alfred's policy of building an in-depth defence of the

1898:. Between these two landmarks the Wall Walk passes surviving pieces of the Wall visible to the public and the sites of the gates now buried deep beneath the City streets. It also passes close to eight of the surviving forty-one City churches. 1002:

Part of the route originally taken by the northern wall is commemorated, although now only loosely followed, by the road also named London Wall. The modern road starts in the west with the Rotunda junction at Aldersgate, then runs east past

1049:, Gate 1, a medieval fortified entrance. The foundation to this entrance can still be seen today within the Tower Hill pedestrian subway. Other large sections of the wall can also be seen further ahead within the Tower Hill gardens. 956:

In 1957, a 64-metre section of the wall was uncovered during works on the London Wall road; the section was then destroyed to accommodate the road changes and to make way for a new car park. An 11-metre section has been preserved.

610:, concerning the area of political and geographical control that had been acquired by the incursion of the Vikings. Within the eastern and northern part of England, with its boundary roughly stretching from London to 999:

and in a much more fundamental way, beyond them. With a few exceptions, the parts of the modern road network heading into the former walled area are the same as those which passed through the former medieval gates.

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in front of the outer wall was 6 ft 7 in (2 m) deep and up to 16 ft (5 m) wide. There were at least 22 towers spaced about 210 ft (64 m) apart on the eastern section of the wall.

4112:"London Wall: section of Roman wall within the London Wall underground car park, 25m north of Austral House and 55m north west of Coleman Street, City and County of the City of London – 1018885 | Historic England" 1893:

The London Wall Walk follows the original line of the City Wall for much of its length, from the royal fortress of the Tower of London to the Museum of London, situated in the modern high-rise development of the

498:, in two charters of 889 and 898. There is currently no evidence of post-Roman restoration, so surviving sections are not likely to have been part, or an important part, of defences much after the Roman period. 1146:

until 1846, some time after the wall had been demolished. London Wall, the modern road following this section of the wall, now crosses this gate's foundations. Leading north from here are routes into Finsbury.

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Noble Street and surrounding area bombing, mapped in 1945. From the centre of the image upwards can be seen semi-circle lines, representing the London Wall bastions 12–14 which were incorporated into buildings.

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which would otherwise have flowed through the city, and the wall itself does appear to have acted like a dam, partially obstructing the Walbrook and leading to the marshy conditions at the open space of

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As London continued to grow throughout the medieval period, urban development grew beyond the city walls. This expansion led to the suffix words "Without" and "Within" which denote whether an area of

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The city walls of London were repaired as the city slowly grew until about 950 when urban activity increased dramatically. A large Viking army that attacked the London burgh was defeated in 994.

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walls, and more fundamentally, beyond them. With few exceptions, the modern roads heading into the former walled area are the same as those which passed through the former medieval gates.

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a western section (B12–21). Between the eastern and western section, a gap of 731 metres (2400 feet or 800 yards) along the northern section of the city wall has no recorded bastions.

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had previously been the capital of Anglo-Saxon England, but from this time on, London was the main forum for foreign traders and the base for defence in time of war. In the view of

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permission to demolish and re-route the section of City wall between Ludgate and the Thames. They did this in stages between 1284 and 1320, extending the walled area as far as the

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recalls a part of this former feature. This seems to have been re-cut in 1213, with the restored ditch being V-cut to a depth of 6 feet and a width of between 9 and 15 feet.

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Partially accessible to the public. Can be accessed via a side street for a side-on view (as seen in this picture). For front-on view, access is through the privately owned

4037:"London Wall: remains of medieval and Roman wall extending 75yds (68m) N from Trinity Place to railway, City and County of the City of London – 1002062 | Historic England" 845:

In the medieval period the developed area of the city was largely confined to the City Wall, but there was extramural development, especially in the large western ward of

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during the Second World War, through the sheer scale of bombing and destruction of buildings and the surrounding landscape, revealed numerous parts of the London Wall.

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excavation. This probably contained a staircase giving access to the sentry walk. Complete with its battlements, the Roman wall would have been about 6.4 metres high.

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period the Wall decayed but successive medieval and Tudor rebuildings and repairs restored it as a defensive wall. With the exception of a medieval realignment in the

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The length and size of the wall made it one of the biggest construction projects in Roman Britain. It had gateways, towers and defensive ditches, and was built from

4307: 4162:"London Wall: section of Roman wall and Roman, medieval and post-medieval gateway at Aldersgate, City and County of the City of London – 1018882 | Historic England" 872:, and Whitechapel Bar. These were the important entrances to the city and their control was vital in maintaining the city's special privileges over certain trades. 2135:

Please take care as historic sites can be hazardous. Children should be kept under close control. Wilful damage to the monument is an offence. Unauthorised use of

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two large semi-circular towers. It was during this period that Aldgate had lived in rooms over the gate from 1374 while a customs official in the port of London.

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Roman London was, from around 120–150, protected by a large fort, with a large garrison, that stood to its north-western side. The fort, now referred to as the

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410 resulted in the wall slowly falling into disrepair, though the survival of Romano-British culture in the area is indicated by the settlement in the nearby

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From Aldgate, the wall then ran North-West toward Gate 3, Bishopsgate. The road through this would have led onto the Roman road network toward leading to

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after 886. Repairs and enhancements continued throughout the medieval period. The wall largely defined the boundaries of the City of London until the

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At 00:15 on 28 August 1940, during the pre-wave of bombing before the Blitz, buildings and parts of the wall were destroyed between Fore Street and

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https://ancientmonuments.uk/117085-london-wall-section-of-roman-wall-at-the-central-criminal-court-old-bailey-farringdon-within-ward#.XspUoUBFxEY

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A further medieval defensive feature was the restoration of the defensive ditch immediately adjacent to the outside of the wall. The street name

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entire walk, but no further replacements have been made. One of the largest and most readily accessed fragments of the wall stands just outside

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It continued to be developed until at least the end of the 4th century, making it among the last major building projects undertaken by the

2954: 2869:"London Wall: the west gate of Cripplegate fort and a section of Roman wall in London Wall underground car park, adjacent to Noble Street" 2498: 2469: 2369: 1629: 2620:

Open to the public. Note: plaques 19–20 no longer exist in their original spaces as outlined by the maps on the tile within the picture.

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Open to the public. Note: plaques 16–17 no longer exist in their original spaces as outlined by the maps on the tile within the picture.

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Open to the public. Note: plaques 8–10 no longer exist in their original spaces as outlined by the maps on the tile within the picture.

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Open to the public. Note: plaques 3–4 no longer exist in their original spaces as outlined by the maps on the tile within the picture.

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Open to the public. Note: plaques 12 no longer exists in its original space as outlined by the maps on the tile within the picture.

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The size and importance of London led to the redevelopment of the city's defences. During the early medieval period – following the

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The boundary of the city's jurisdiction was marked by "city bars", toll gates which were situated just beyond the old walled area;

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Open to the public. Note: plaque 6 no longer exists in its original space as outlined by the maps on the tile within the picture.

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took place between the late 1st and mid-3rd centuries, highlighting that between these periods no wall stood against the river.

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The Roman riverside wall and monumental arch in London: excavations at Baynard's Castle, Upper Thames Street, London, 1974–76

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in 1977 showed that the section of the inner curtain wall between the Lanthorne and Wakefield Towers, to the south of the

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in the 180s. This may be linked to the political crisis that emerged in the late 2nd century when the governor of Britain

3584: 937:. This revealed parts of the wall unseen for over 300 years as the rubble of buildings destroyed around it were removed. 55: 6769: 6114: 5768: 4706: 4523: 4398: 2971: 756: 507: 358: 284: 4062:"London Wall: remains of Roman wall and bastion (4a) at Crutched Friars, Non Civil Parish – 1002069 | Historic England" 3779: 2651: 2540: 2262: 2163: 2067: 1958: 1843: 1762: 1712: 1654: 1598: 1492: 1432: 1351: 1295: 6419: 6312: 5790: 5659: 5637: 5069: 4892: 4012:"London Wall: section from underground railway to Tower Hill Guardianship, Tower Hamlets – 1002063 | Historic England" 3954:

Within these walls: Roman and medieval defences north of Newgate at the Merrill Lynch Financial Centre, City of London

2589:'The London Wall Walk follows the line of the City Wall from the Tower of London to the Museum of London. The Walk is 2387:'The London Wall Walk follows the line of the City Wall from the Tower of London to the Museum of London. The Walk is 2311:'The London Wall Walk follows the line of the City Wall from the Tower of London to the Museum of London. The Walk is 2212:'The London Wall Walk follows the line of the City Wall from the Tower of London to the Museum of London. The Walk is 2007:'The London Wall Walk follows the line of the City Wall from the Tower of London to the Museum of London. The Walk is 1989: 941: 748: 543:, leaders of the Saxon invaders, in 457. This suggests that London's walls retained some military value, although the 479:

in the late 3rd century, construction of an additional riverside wall, built in phases, began in 280 and was repaired

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so that it enclosed their precinct. The westward extension is likely to have improved the defensibility of Ludgate.

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From Bishopsgate going along the northern section of wall leads to Gate 4; Moorgate. Until 1415 this was a small

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It is not clear how long the riverside wall survived, but there are references to a part of it near the dock of

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390. The existence of this riverside section was long doubted due to a lack of evidence, but excavations at the

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Blair, John (2001). "Westminster". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.).

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Aldgate was completely rebuilt in 1607-9 but was finally pulled down in 1761 to improve traffic access'.

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Vince, Alan (2001). "London". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.).

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saw large parts of the wall demolished, including its city gates, to improve traffic flow. Since the

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Milne, Gustav; Cohen, Nathalie; Dyson, Tony; Pearce, Jacqueline; Webber, Mike; Banks, Susan (2002).

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developed in the same area slightly to the west of the abandoned Roman city, in the vicinity of the

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in 410. Reasons for its construction may have been connected to the invasion of northern Britain by

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against the Vikings as well as creating an offensive strategy against the Vikings who controlled

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standing in front of it. There is a further surviving section preserved in the basement of the

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was written many centuries after the Battle of Crayford took place, if it took place at all.

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21 bastions are currently known about (more may be undiscovered). They can be grouped into:

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fort's walls gave the walled area its distinctive shape in the north-west part of the city.

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Aldergate Street – upon the back walls of Alder Castle House, 10 Noble St, London EC2V 7JU

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The City of London around 1300. The Blackfriars extension is in the south-west of the city.

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Towers on the western section, such as the well-preserved example that can be seen at the

1895: 1288: 1042: 1008: 833: 810: 706: 565: 484: 370: 1007:, from which point it runs parallel to the line of the City Wall, and eventually becomes 1233: 531:

notes that the Romano-British retreated back to London after their bloody defeat at the

237: 7129: 7074: 7044: 7024: 6906: 6866: 6856: 6810: 6764: 6739: 6592: 6393: 6337: 6307: 6267: 6207: 6032: 5939: 5695: 5671: 5553: 5538: 5312: 5277: 5200: 5099: 4968: 4414: 2769:"In Defence of the City: The Gates of London and Temple Bar in the Seventeenth Century" 2136: 1925: 1223: 1200: 975: 885: 744: 732: 592: 585: 405:. The original gates, clockwise from Ludgate in the west to Aldgate in the east, were: 299: 270: 250: 90: 306:, conservation efforts have helped to preserve surviving sections of the city wall as 7159: 7124: 7114: 7094: 7064: 6981: 6956: 6911: 6881: 6876: 6835: 6322: 5999: 5914: 5707: 5665: 5568: 5558: 5430: 5220: 5210: 5157: 5142: 5107: 4948: 4933: 4831: 4766: 4746: 3378: 3291: 3022: 2800: 2118: 1929: 1800:

No public access. Potentially arranged to view through a tour within the Old Bailey.

1192: 1113:. The current road, the A10 going north, now goes over the foundations of this gate. 760: 694: 662: 374: 354: 187: 137: 2114:

This is one of the most impressive surviving sections of London's former city wall.

790:

The suffix is applied to some churches and parishes near the city gateways, such as

759:

were split into separate wards this way (Bridge Without falling beyond the gates on

327: 7054: 7009: 6896: 6861: 6547: 6124: 6009: 6004: 5899: 5889: 5583: 5417: 5413: 5195: 5162: 4938: 4902: 4559: 1219: 1188: 710: 673:

By the 11th century, London was beyond all comparison the largest town in England.

560: 466: 254: 6149: 4582: 4354: 4332: 990: 3957:. Museum of London. Archaeology Service. : Museum of London Archaeology Service. 3613:

Excavations at Medieval Cripplegate, London: Archaeology after the Blitz, 1946–68

331:

A surviving fragment of the original 3rd-century Roman Wall in Cooper's Row near

7019: 7014: 6901: 6572: 6501: 6496: 6129: 6066: 5828: 5701: 5689: 5390: 5379: 5361: 5215: 4943: 4564: 4482: 3485:

On the wall eventually becoming an unintentional dam to hold back the Walbrook:

2255: 2239:

4th century the gate may have been rebuilt to provide a platform for catapults.

2126: 1208: 1160: 1086: 1012: 934: 861: 814: 772: 768: 725: 577: 519: 418: 414: 343: 2990: 2117:

The lower part, with its characteristic tile bonding courses, was built by the

7104: 6916: 6805: 6800: 6749: 6562: 6439: 6429: 6048: 5984: 5373: 5205: 5084: 5051: 4953: 4776: 4508: 3938:

on the wall eventually becoming an inadvertent? dam to hold back the walbrook

3588: 3195: 3006: 2974:, were added in the 13th century (Chapman, Hall & Marsh 1986, nos. 15–17). 2784: 1755: 1131: 1094: 979: 854: 764: 737: 718: 690: 568:, stands on Roman foundations with an upper structure of 13th-century masonry. 495: 426: 332: 3972: 3048: 3014: 2923: 2854: 2792: 2666: 2653: 2555: 2542: 2277: 2264: 2178: 2165: 2082: 2069: 1973: 1960: 1858: 1845: 1777: 1764: 1727: 1714: 1689:

London Roman Wall - surviving section of the western gate to Cripplegate Fort

1669: 1656: 1613: 1600: 1557: 1544: 1507: 1494: 1447: 1434: 1366: 1353: 1310: 1297: 117: 104: 7144: 7099: 7034: 6754: 6506: 6272: 5442: 5308: 3734: 3461: 3133: 1204: 1164: 915: 850: 644: 448: 258: 5762: 3633: 3611: 3175: 3095: 2846: 1644:

Open to public. Access through the 24/ 7 London Wall underground car park.

17: 3952: 3925: 2899: 1065: 1057: 6729: 6516: 5773: 5627: 5385: 3830: 3714: 2045:

about 20 feet (6.1 m) high. Outside the Wall was a defensive ditch.

1577:

Section of Roman and Medieval wall in St Alphage Garden, off London Wall.

1479: 1394:

London Roman Wall – surviving section by Tower Hill gardens cross-section

1143: 1139: 1135: 1074: 1004: 647:

was also created on the south bank of the River Thames during this time.

536: 444: 430: 390: 44:

London Roman Wall – surviving section by Tower Hill gardens cross-section

3625: 3075: 1936:

The Roman Wall formed the foundation of the later City Wall. During the

1402:

London Roman Wall – surviving section by Tower Hill gardens full section

346:) that was subsequently built on its northern wall later on, in 120–150 7004: 6542: 6262: 6257: 5677: 5454: 5421: 5399: 5367: 5354: 3987:"Porton of Old London Wall, Tower Hamlets – 1357518 | Historic England" 3905: 1127: 1078: 615: 611: 607: 603: 434: 422: 410: 406: 4331:

Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on

3810: 857:

next to the wall was still, in 1603, outside the city's jurisdiction.

437:

i.e. a secondary gate, was built later still, in the medieval period.

373:

was consolidating his power after claiming the right of succession as

5495: 3855: 3780:"London's Roman City Wall: The Obscured – Part 01 One America Square" 3037: 2414:

drainage and caused the formation of a large marsh outside the Wall.

971: 636: 476: 473: 4291: 3160: 1487:

Basement of Roman Wall House, 1–2 Crutched Friars and Emperor House

731:

The re-cut of the ditch may have diverted some of the waters of the

393:

improved Londinium's financial prosperity in the early 3rd century.

342:

AD 100 and a fort, now called Cripplegate fort after the city gate (

5464: 3796:

Citation for the preservation of section of wall at the Old Bailey

1928:

was limited by its defensive wall. The first Wall was built by the

1253:

an eastern section from the Tower of London to Bishopsgate (B1–10),

944:. Bomb damage revealed a section of wall at Noble Street, near the 3466:

https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1432676

3148: 2681: 2629: 2570: 2518: 2497: 2489: 2468: 2460: 2439: 2431: 2368: 2360: 2292: 2193: 2139:

is prohibited. For more information on this site. and how to join

2097: 1988: 1873: 1684: 1628: 1572: 1462: 1397: 1389: 1381: 1325: 1232: 1082: 1081:– Gate 2. These would have led onto the Roman road network toward 1064: 1056: 1032: 989: 940:

On 29 December 1940, heavy bombing led to conditions known as the

920: 832: 819: 657: 600: 559: 362: 326: 236: 2102:

London Roman Wall – English Heritage plaque by Tower Hill gardens

4551: 1467:

London Roman Wall – surviving section by Tower Hill Tube Station

1110: 888:

inside the wall was destroyed, but the wall and gates survived.

709:

of England – the walls underwent substantial work that included

640: 441: 386: 5468: 5281: 4695: 4603: 4396: 4358: 4317: 4233: 1924:'For nearly fifteen hundred years the physical growth of the 1237:

Bastion 14 in London Wall, which is overlooked by the former

168:

Kentish ragstone (Roman sections) and brick (later additions)

3476:

described in the London Encyclopaedia by Weinreb and Hibbert

2991:"The capital rediscovered: archæology in the City of London" 1633:

London Roman Wall – London Wall underground car park segment

751: – fell outside or within the London Wall, though only 3940:

https://www.british-history.ac.uk/rchme/london/vol3/pp10-18

3487:

https://www.british-history.ac.uk/rchme/london/vol3/pp10-18

2686:

London Roman Wall – Museum of London Walking Tour Plaque 21

2575:

London Roman Wall – Museum of London Walking Tour Plaque 18

2523:

London Roman Wall – Museum of London Walking Tour Plaque 15

2502:

London Roman Wall – Museum of London Walking Tour Plaque 14

2494:

London Roman Wall – Museum of London Walking Tour Plaque 14

2473:

London Roman Wall – Museum of London Walking Tour Plaque 13

2465:

London Roman Wall – Museum of London Walking Tour Plaque 13

2373:

London Roman Wall – Museum of London Walking Tour Plaque 11

2365:

London Roman Wall – Museum of London Walking Tour Plaque 11

1386:

London Roman Wall – surviving section by Tower Hill gardens

978:

building. There are further remains in the basement of the

3112:

Public buildings in the south-west quarter of Roman London

2297:

London Roman Wall – Museum of London Walking Tour Plaque 7

2198:

London Roman Wall – Museum of London Walking Tour Plaque 5

1878:

London Roman Wall – Museum of London Walking Tour Plaque 1

1041:

The eastern section of the wall starts in what is now the

401:

The wall's gateways coincided with their alignment to the

429:, between Newgate and Cripplegate, was added around 350. 3149:"An Earlier Roman Riverside wall at the Tower of London" 338:

It has origins as an initial mound wall and ditch from

4312: 2444:

London Wall – plaque of the wall by St Alphage Gardens

3062:

The Tower of London, The Official Illustrated History

2616:

the site of the gate had been completely forgotten'.

3574:

London, 800–1216". Brooke and Keir, Chapter 7 p. 169

1207:

and the west midlands. These roads leading over the

6995: 6944: 6849: 6791: 6782: 6707: 6606: 6525: 6452: 6412: 6379: 6370: 6296: 6243: 6236: 6158: 6018: 5927: 5872: 5789: 5735: 5646: 5618: 5607: 5514: 5503: 5186: 5098: 5060: 5037: 4926: 4880: 4665: 4573: 4550: 4532: 4499: 4468: 3460:describes how an account by 16th-century historian 472:After Londinium was raided on several occasions by 298:From the 18th century onward, the expansion of the 222: 218: 210: 202: 197: 183: 172: 164: 159: 151: 143: 133: 96: 86: 78: 841:. Most of the city within the walls was destroyed. 3713:Chapman, Hugh; Hall, Jenny; Marsh, Geoff (1985). 3412:The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England 3333:The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England 1037:The medieval postern gate by the tower of London 447:, which was brought by barge from quarries near 257:around the strategically important port town of 241:Londinium in the year 400 showing the Roman wall 3223:Citadel of the Saxons, the Rise of Early London 3177:Citadel of the Saxons: the rise of early London 3155:. 3 (7) (London Archaeologist 3 (7)): 171–176. 2817:Citadel of the Saxons, the Rise of Early London 1256:a single bastion west of Bishopsgate (B11), and 7186:Grade I listed buildings in the City of London 5433:-gates: Great Stone Gateway and New Stone Gate 884:in September 1666, almost all of the medieval 5480: 5293: 4370: 1993:London Roman Wall – Museum of London Plaque 2 994:The modern (post-1976) road named London Wall 8: 5549:Hungerford Bridge and Golden Jubilee Bridges 4913:Old Operating Theatre Museum and Herb Garret 2581:Transcript of the London Wall Walk plaque 18 2379:Transcript of the London Wall Walk plaque 11 1341:. Open to the public on purchase of ticket. 32: 2634:London Roman Wall – Noble Street New Plaque 2303:Transcript of the London Wall Walk plaque 7 2204:Transcript of the London Wall Walk plaque 5 1999:Transcript of the London Wall Walk plaque 2 1884:Transcript of the London Wall Walk plaque 1 1073:The wall from Tower Hill then runs east of 853:Survey of London suggests that the part of 669:during the siege of London, 12–15 May 1471. 6788: 6376: 6240: 5615: 5511: 5487: 5473: 5465: 5300: 5286: 5278: 4877: 4692: 4662: 4642:Museum of Domestic Design and Architecture 4600: 4465: 4393: 4377: 4363: 4355: 3748:Shows status of the panels in January 2006 3208:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 2436:London Wall – plaque by St Alphage Gardens 685:and his successors, was on its completion 38: 31: 4757:Estorick Collection of Modern Italian Art 3812:Dictionary of City of London street names 3118:. Vol. 3. London: Museum of London. 2108:Transcript of the English Heritage plaque 1175:With direct access to more local routes. 5747:All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club 3524:Mapping London: making sense of the city 2957:Museum of London, Retrieved 30 May 2010. 1810: 1754:Basement of the Central Criminal Court, 1267: 4303:PhotoEssay on London Walls with markers 4246: 2731: 2716:List of town walls in England and Wales 1142:. Moorgate remained ill-connected with 970:, with a replica statue of the Emperor 837:Pink area shows the extent of the 1666 6588:Shaftesbury Memorial Fountain ("Eros") 3284:"Saxon London in a tale of two cities" 3201: 2812: 2810: 1144:no direct approach road from the south 599:, formally agreed to the terms of the 5758:Crystal Palace National Sports Centre 4652:Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology 3910:. London: E. Benn. pp. 111–113. 3899: 3897: 3895: 3893: 3891: 3889: 3648:"Tuesday, 27 August 1940 – Airminded" 3163:– via Archaeology Data Service. 3036:Maloney, Brian; Hobley, John (1983). 2984: 2982: 2980: 2721:Scheduled monuments in Greater London 1700:No public access – hidden from view. 687:one of the longest churches in Europe 381:, Albinus was defeated in 197 at the 221: 70:City of London, within Greater London 7: 6578:Monument to the Great Fire of London 2893: 2891: 2889: 2762: 2760: 614:, the Scandinavians would establish 522:, which persisted until around 450. 6558:Crystal Palace transmitting station 5236:Ranger's House (Wernher Collection) 4827:Museum of Immigration and Diversity 3778:Consultant, Commuter (1 May 2013). 3616:(DGO – Digital original ed.). 3043:. Council for British Archaeology. 2938:"Programmes – Most Popular – All 4" 2711:List of cities with defensive walls 1337:The Tower of London is operated by 747: – and usually applied to the 622:Anglo-Saxon London Wall restoration 62: 4807:London Museum of Water & Steam 4313:Interactive map with illustrations 4308:Map of London Wall Walk and Photos 3316:. Museum of London. Archived from 3260:. Museum of London. Archived from 811:Dominican Friars (or Black Friars) 377:. After a struggle with his rival 27:Defensive wall built around London 25: 3585:"The gates to the City of London" 3526:. London: Black Dog. p. 17. 2898:Ross, Cathy; Clark, John (2008). 2535:London Wall underground car park 1649:London Wall underground car park 1593:London Wall underground car park 1421:360 panoramic view of this site. 1077:toward the second historic gate, 961:Conservation and heritage efforts 397:Roman London wall characteristics 265:AD 200, as well as the name of a 7176:English Heritage sites in London 7171:City walls in the United Kingdom 5453: 5321: 5262: 5261: 4812:Markfield Beam Engine and Museum 4322: 4283: 4266: 4249: 2831:"The Archaeology of London Wall" 1241:, now closed prior to relocation 931:St. Alphage's churchyard gardens 701:Medieval London Wall restoration 61: 54: 4386:Museums and galleries in London 2901:London: the illustrated history 2143:, please contact 0171 973 3479 1707:(underneath road and pavement) 829:The Wall and the developed area 5342:Listed clockwise from the West 5221:Kenwood House (Iveagh Bequest) 4908:Museum of the Order of St John 4797:Institute of Contemporary Arts 4782:Handel & Hendrix in London 3314:"The early years of Lundenwic" 796:St Botolph-without-Bishopsgate 564:Bastion 12, which is near the 403:British network of Roman roads 1: 7216:Streets in the City of London 7191:History of the City of London 6440:Royal Mews, Buckingham Palace 6173:BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir 4842:Royal Academy of Music Museum 3869:"The Line of roman city wall" 1264:Known monuments and landmarks 573: 511: 480: 339: 262: 176: 5769:Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park 4722:Ben Uri Gallery & Museum 4707:Arsenal Football Club Museum 3873:www.wonders-of-the-world.net 3719:. London: Museum of London. 3258:"The last days of Londinium" 2972:St Giles-without-Cripplegate 1199:to Silchester and Bath, and 508:end of Roman rule in Britain 359:Roman departure from Britain 285:end of Roman rule in Britain 5660:Brentford Community Stadium 5638:Odeon Luxe Leicester Square 5070:Banqueting House, Whitehall 4893:Florence Nightingale Museum 4697:Other museums and galleries 1796:List entry number: 1018884 1746:List entry number: 1018882 1696:List entry number: 1018889 1640:List entry number: 1018885 1584:List entry number: 1018884 1526:List entry number: 1002069 1474:List entry number: 1002062 1415:List entry number: 1002063 1409:List entry number: 1357518 1061:Site of Aldgate demolishing 942:Second Great Fire of London 266: 7237: 7166:2nd-century fortifications 6198:St Margaret's, Westminster 6140:Victoria and Albert Museum 4979:Headstone Manor and Museum 4762:Fashion and Textile Museum 4575:Victoria and Albert Museum 4491:Imperial War Museum London 3904:Merrifield, Ralph (1965). 3815:. New York: Arco Pub. Co. 3618:Liverpool University Press 3464:gives us this information 3290:. May 1999. Archived from 3147:Parnell, Geoffrey (1978). 2904:. London: Penguin Books / 740:, just north of the wall. 7196:London Wall and its gates 6770:St Bartholomew's Hospital 6492:Citigroup Centre (London) 6100:National Portrait Gallery 5854:Theatre Royal, Drury Lane 5726:Tottenham Hotspur Stadium 5451: 5328: 5319: 5257: 4959:Greenwich Heritage Centre 4702: 4691: 4612: 4599: 4440:National Portrait Gallery 4405: 4392: 3007:10.1017/s0963926800010397 2785:10.1017/S0066622X00002719 1279: 231: 49: 37: 7181:Fortifications of London 6659:Liverpool Street station 6649:Fenchurch Street station 6639:Clapham Junction station 6358:Westfield Stratford City 6168:All Hallows-by-the-Tower 6095:National Maritime Museum 5633:Empire, Leicester Square 4732:Bow Street Police Museum 4514:National Maritime Museum 3907:The Roman city of London 3548:"London Wall Walk Guide" 3236:"History of London Wall" 3064:. Impey and Parnell. p11 2989:Schofield, John (1993). 2970:, next to the church of 2740:"History of London Wall" 2706:Fortifications of London 2334:'Bevis Marks, City Wall 1407:Grade 1 Listed Building 1130:leading into the marshy 901:20th century London Wall 792:St Audoen within Newgate 556:Anglo-Saxon city revival 539:, Kent) at the hands of 7090:Myrtle Avenue, Hounslow 6720:Battersea Power Station 6203:St Martin-in-the-Fields 5995:Royal Courts of Justice 5859:Theatre Royal Haymarket 5752:The Championship Course 4727:Benjamin Franklin House 4675:London Museum Docklands 4637:London Transport Museum 4622:Dulwich Picture Gallery 4501:Royal Museums Greenwich 4455:Sir John Soane's Museum 3784:The Commuter Consultant 3674:"Inventory Site Record" 3387:Oxford University Press 3174:Naismith, Rory (2019). 2410:'Mooregate, Cite Gate. 1482:Tower of London Hotel. 968:Tower Hill tube station 675:Old St Paul's Cathedral 551:Anglo-Saxon London Wall 516:St Martin-in-the-Fields 147:2.5 miles (4.0 km) 7206:Roman walls in England 7070:Kensington High Street 6699:Victoria Coach Station 6183:Methodist Central Hall 6105:Natural History Museum 5839:Royal National Theatre 5062:Historic Royal Palaces 5039:Royal Collection Trust 4872:William Morris Gallery 4857:Sherlock Holmes Museum 4737:Charles Dickens Museum 4712:Bank of England Museum 4606:Designated collections 4450:Royal Air Force Museum 4445:Natural History Museum 4191:historicengland.org.uk 4166:historicengland.org.uk 4141:historicengland.org.uk 4116:historicengland.org.uk 4091:historicengland.org.uk 4066:historicengland.org.uk 4041:historicengland.org.uk 4016:historicengland.org.uk 3991:historicengland.org.uk 3858:Retrieved 30 May 2010. 3846:Retrieved 30 May 2010. 3765:historicengland.org.uk 3750:Retrieved 21 May 2010. 3522:Foxell, Simon (2007). 3498:British History Online 3180:. London. p. 31. 3109:Williams, Tim (1993). 3074:Hill, Charles (1980). 2873:historicengland.org.uk 2847:10.1179/ldn.1981.7.1.3 2829:Hobley, Brian (1981). 2819:. Rory Naismith, p. 31 2687: 2667:51.516806°N 0.096833°W 2635: 2576: 2556:51.517667°N 0.095389°W 2524: 2503: 2495: 2474: 2466: 2445: 2437: 2374: 2366: 2298: 2278:51.514806°N 0.078972°W 2199: 2179:51.513667°N 0.076972°W 2103: 2083:51.509833°N 0.076111°W 1994: 1974:51.509889°N 0.076250°W 1890:'The London Wall Walk 1879: 1859:51.509472°N 0.075861°W 1778:51.515361°N 0.101694°W 1728:51.516722°N 0.096861°W 1690: 1670:51.517500°N 0.095417°W 1634: 1614:51.517611°N 0.090528°W 1578: 1508:51.512167°N 0.076500°W 1468: 1448:51.510583°N 0.076139°W 1403: 1395: 1387: 1367:51.509917°N 0.076028°W 1339:Historic Royal Palaces 1331: 1311:51.507889°N 0.075611°W 1242: 1195:, with access via the 1070: 1062: 1038: 995: 986:Impact on current city 926: 842: 825: 670: 626:In the same year, the 569: 335: 242: 6664:London Bridge station 6634:Charing Cross station 6629:Cannon Street station 6512:St George Wharf Tower 6482:122 Leadenhall Street 6343:Petticoat Lane Market 6228:Westminster Cathedral 6178:Bevis Marks Synagogue 6110:Royal Academy of Arts 6062:Guildhall Art Gallery 5990:Palace of Westminster 5980:The National Archives 5950:City Hall (Southwark) 5692:(Queens Park Rangers) 4927:Local history museums 4884:Health & Medicine 4882:The London Museums of 4832:Orleans House Gallery 4802:Leighton House Museum 4772:Guildhall Art Gallery 4657:Royal Academy of Arts 4647:Museum of Freemasonry 4238:at Knowledge (XXG)'s 2773:Architectural History 2685: 2633: 2574: 2522: 2501: 2493: 2472: 2464: 2443: 2435: 2372: 2364: 2296: 2197: 2101: 1992: 1877: 1688: 1632: 1576: 1466: 1401: 1393: 1385: 1329: 1236: 1117:Northern wall section 1068: 1060: 1036: 993: 924: 836: 823: 802:Blackfriars extension 763:). Some wards – 683:William the Conqueror 661: 628:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 563: 545:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 533:Battle of Crecganford 528:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 460:Roman Thamesside wall 330: 240: 7135:Tottenham Court Road 6654:King's Cross station 6425:Hampton Court Palace 6188:Regent's Park Mosque 5128:Eastbury Manor House 5075:Hampton Court Palace 5014:Valence House Museum 4852:Serpentine Galleries 4742:Dennis Severs' House 4717:Barbican Art Gallery 4534:Science Museum Group 4470:Imperial War Museums 4430:National Army Museum 3716:The London wall walk 3678:London Gardens Trust 3591:on 30 September 2015 3389:. pp. 538–539. 3153:London Archaeologist 2767:Mann, Emily (2006). 2672:51.516806; -0.096833 2641:Open to the public. 2608:Transcript of tile 4 2585:Transcript of tile 1 2561:51.517667; -0.095389 2509:Open to the public. 2480:Open to the public. 2451:Open to the public. 2383:Transcript of tile 1 2330:Transcript of tile 4 2307:Transcript of tile 1 2283:51.514806; -0.078972 2235:'Aldgate, City Gate 2231:Transcript of tile 4 2208:Transcript of tile 1 2184:51.513667; -0.076972 2153:Open to the public. 2088:51.509833; -0.076111 2026:Transcript of tile 4 2003:Transcript of tile 1 1979:51.509889; -0.076250 1948:Open to the public. 1920:Transcript of tile 5 1888:Transcript of tile 2 1864:51.509472; -0.075861 1837:pedestrian crossing 1783:51.515361; -0.101694 1733:51.516722; -0.096861 1675:51.517500; -0.095417 1619:51.517611; -0.090528 1513:51.512167; -0.076500 1453:51.510583; -0.076139 1419:Open to the public. 1372:51.509917; -0.076028 1316:51.507889; -0.075611 1280:Conservation status 1179:Western wall section 1024:Eastern wall section 882:Great Fire of London 876:Great Fire of London 839:Great Fire of London 654:Medieval London Wall 580:settlement known as 502:Post-Roman disrepair 7140:Victoria Embankment 6962:Horse Guards Parade 6624:Blackfriars station 6538:ArcelorMittal Orbit 6477:20 Fenchurch Street 6467:One Churchill Place 6435:The Queen's Gallery 6253:Fortnum & Mason 6218:Southwark Cathedral 6213:St Paul's Cathedral 6075:Imperial War Museum 6038:Churchill War Rooms 5910:Royal Festival Hall 5849:Shakespeare's Globe 5728:(Tottenham Hotspur) 5722:(Charlton Athletic) 5406:(Tower) Posterngate 5113:575 Wandsworth Road 5019:Vestry House Museum 5004:Museum of Wimbledon 4918:Wellcome Collection 4867:Whitechapel Gallery 4478:Churchill War Rooms 3626:10.2307/j.ctvxbpjbm 3442:on 22 February 2014 3383:Anglo-Saxon England 3294:on 24 December 2015 3288:British Archaeology 2663: / 2552: / 2274: / 2175: / 2079: / 2062:Tower Hill gardens 1970: / 1953:Tower Hill gardens 1855: / 1812: 1794:Scheduled Monument 1774: / 1744:Scheduled Monument 1724: / 1694:Scheduled Monument 1666: / 1638:Scheduled Monument 1610: / 1582:Scheduled Monument 1554: / 1524:Scheduled Monument 1504: / 1472:Scheduled Monument 1444: / 1412:Scheduled Monument 1363: / 1346:Tower Hill gardens 1307: / 1157:London Charterhouse 870:West Smithfield Bar 433:, initially just a 308:scheduled monuments 253:first built by the 206:Fragmentary remains 114: / 34: 7120:Shaftesbury Avenue 7030:Charing Cross Road 6826:Kensington Gardens 6816:Hampton Court Park 6674:St Pancras station 6669:Paddington station 6553:Cleopatra's Needle 6380:Partly occupied by 6145:Wallace Collection 5955:City Hall (Newham) 5895:Hammersmith Apollo 5780:Twickenham Stadium 5656:(national stadium) 5599:Westminster Bridge 5544:Hammersmith Bridge 5534:Blackfriars Bridge 4999:Museum of Richmond 4752:Dr Johnson's House 4460:Wallace Collection 4425:Museum of the Home 3809:Smith, Al (1970). 3436:"Once Upon a What" 3238:. English Heritage 2835:The London Journal 2688: 2636: 2577: 2525: 2504: 2496: 2475: 2467: 2446: 2438: 2375: 2367: 2299: 2200: 2104: 1995: 1880: 1811: 1691: 1635: 1579: 1558:51.5180°N 0.0926°W 1530:No public access. 1469: 1404: 1396: 1388: 1332: 1243: 1071: 1069:Aldgate in c. 1600 1063: 1047:Tower Hill Postern 1039: 1011:before it reaches 996: 976:One America Square 927: 847:Farringdon Without 843: 826: 715:Tower Hill Postern 671: 665:forces attack the 570: 383:Battle of Lugdunum 336: 243: 225:Scheduled monument 211:Public access 7153: 7152: 6977:Piccadilly Circus 6972:Parliament Square 6940: 6939: 6927:Wandsworth Common 6778: 6777: 6760:Smithfield Market 6679:Stratford station 6462:One Canada Square 6448: 6447: 6404:St James's Palace 6399:Kensington Palace 6389:Buckingham Palace 6366: 6365: 6333:Leadenhall Market 6328:Kensington Arcade 6318:Burlington Arcade 6223:Westminster Abbey 6160:Places of worship 6115:Royal Observatory 6043:Courtauld Gallery 5935:10 Downing Street 5923: 5922: 5905:Royal Albert Hall 5844:Royal Opera House 5698:(West Ham United) 5564:Millennium Bridge 5462: 5461: 5275: 5274: 5253: 5252: 5249: 5248: 5241:Winchester Palace 5231:Marble Hill House 5080:Kensington Palace 5024:Wandsworth Museum 5009:Twickenham Museum 4994:Museum of Croydon 4687: 4686: 4683: 4682: 4617:Courtauld Gallery 4595: 4594: 4591: 4590: 4524:Royal Observatory 4352: 4344: 4343: 3964:978-1-901992-68-7 3951:Lyon, Jo (2007). 3533:978-1-906155-07-0 3421:978-0-631-22492-1 3396:978-0-19-280139-5 3342:978-0-631-22492-1 3264:on 8 January 2009 3187:978-1-78831-222-6 2915:978-0-14-101159-2 2697: 2696: 2342:and Whitechapel. 1804: 1803: 1705:Aldersgate Street 1536:St Alphage Garden 677:, rebuilt in the 633:Kingdom of Wessex 541:Hengist and Horsa 379:Septimius Severus 323:Roman London Wall 293:later Middle Ages 235: 234: 192:late 18th century 16:(Redirected from 7228: 7221:Walls in England 7050:Fenchurch Street 6987:Trafalgar Square 6967:Leicester Square 6932:Wimbledon Common 6887:Gunnersbury Park 6789: 6745:Lloyd's building 6694:London Cable Car 6689:Waterloo station 6684:Victoria station 6619:Heathrow Airport 6420:Banqueting House 6382:the royal family 6377: 6353:Westfield London 6298:Shopping centres 6241: 6193:St Clement Danes 6090:National Gallery 6085:Museum of London 5880:Alexandra Palace 5710:(Crystal Palace) 5684:Emirates Stadium 5616: 5579:Southwark Bridge 5529:Battersea Bridge 5512: 5489: 5482: 5475: 5466: 5457: 5446: 5434: 5424: 5343: 5331:Former gates of 5325: 5311:and bars of the 5302: 5295: 5288: 5279: 5265: 5264: 5188:English Heritage 5153:Morden Hall Park 5029:Whitehall Museum 4984:Islington Museum 4964:Gunnersbury Park 4898:Foundling Museum 4878: 4862:Two Temple Place 4822:Museum of Brands 4817:Migration Museum 4693: 4667:Museum of London 4663: 4627:Hunterian Museum 4601: 4466: 4435:National Gallery 4399:National museums 4394: 4379: 4372: 4365: 4356: 4346: 4326: 4325: 4318: 4296: 4288: 4287: 4286: 4279: 4271: 4270: 4269: 4262: 4254: 4253: 4252: 4242: 4224: 4223: 4221: 4219: 4208: 4202: 4201: 4199: 4197: 4183: 4177: 4176: 4174: 4172: 4158: 4152: 4151: 4149: 4147: 4133: 4127: 4126: 4124: 4122: 4108: 4102: 4101: 4099: 4097: 4083: 4077: 4076: 4074: 4072: 4058: 4052: 4051: 4049: 4047: 4033: 4027: 4026: 4024: 4022: 4008: 4002: 4001: 3999: 3997: 3983: 3977: 3976: 3948: 3942: 3936: 3930: 3929: 3901: 3884: 3883: 3881: 3879: 3865: 3859: 3853: 3847: 3841: 3835: 3834: 3806: 3800: 3794: 3788: 3787: 3775: 3769: 3768: 3757: 3751: 3745: 3739: 3738: 3710: 3704: 3703: 3696: 3690: 3689: 3687: 3685: 3670: 3664: 3663: 3661: 3659: 3654:. 27 August 2010 3644: 3638: 3637: 3607: 3601: 3600: 3598: 3596: 3587:. Archived from 3581: 3575: 3572: 3566: 3565: 3563: 3561: 3552: 3544: 3538: 3537: 3519: 3513: 3495: 3489: 3483: 3477: 3474: 3468: 3458: 3452: 3451: 3449: 3447: 3438:. Archived from 3432: 3426: 3425: 3407: 3401: 3400: 3385:(3rd ed.). 3375: 3369: 3368: 3366: 3364: 3358:"Viking Attacks" 3353: 3347: 3346: 3328: 3322: 3321: 3320:on 10 June 2008. 3310: 3304: 3303: 3301: 3299: 3280: 3274: 3273: 3271: 3269: 3254: 3248: 3247: 3245: 3243: 3232: 3226: 3220: 3214: 3213: 3207: 3199: 3171: 3165: 3164: 3144: 3138: 3137: 3117: 3106: 3100: 3099: 3071: 3065: 3059: 3053: 3052: 3033: 3027: 3026: 2986: 2975: 2964: 2958: 2952: 2946: 2945: 2934: 2928: 2927: 2906:Museum of London 2895: 2884: 2883: 2881: 2879: 2865: 2859: 2858: 2826: 2820: 2814: 2805: 2804: 2764: 2755: 2754: 2752: 2750: 2744:English Heritage 2736: 2693:Open to public. 2678: 2677: 2675: 2674: 2673: 2668: 2664: 2661: 2660: 2659: 2656: 2602: 2601: 2597: 2594: 2567: 2566: 2564: 2563: 2562: 2557: 2553: 2550: 2549: 2548: 2545: 2400: 2399: 2395: 2392: 2324: 2323: 2319: 2316: 2289: 2288: 2286: 2285: 2284: 2279: 2275: 2272: 2271: 2270: 2267: 2225: 2224: 2220: 2217: 2190: 2189: 2187: 2186: 2185: 2180: 2176: 2173: 2172: 2171: 2168: 2147:English Heritage 2141:English Heritage 2132:For your safety 2094: 2093: 2091: 2090: 2089: 2084: 2080: 2077: 2076: 2075: 2072: 2043: 2042: 2038: 2035: 2020: 2019: 2015: 2012: 1985: 1984: 1982: 1981: 1980: 1975: 1971: 1968: 1967: 1966: 1963: 1914: 1913: 1909: 1906: 1870: 1869: 1867: 1866: 1865: 1860: 1856: 1853: 1852: 1851: 1848: 1813: 1789: 1788: 1786: 1785: 1784: 1779: 1775: 1772: 1771: 1770: 1767: 1739: 1738: 1736: 1735: 1734: 1729: 1725: 1722: 1721: 1720: 1717: 1681: 1680: 1678: 1677: 1676: 1671: 1667: 1664: 1663: 1662: 1659: 1625: 1624: 1622: 1621: 1620: 1615: 1611: 1608: 1607: 1606: 1603: 1569: 1568: 1566: 1565: 1564: 1563:51.5180; -0.0926 1559: 1555: 1552: 1551: 1550: 1547: 1519: 1518: 1516: 1515: 1514: 1509: 1505: 1502: 1501: 1500: 1497: 1459: 1458: 1456: 1455: 1454: 1449: 1445: 1442: 1441: 1440: 1437: 1378: 1377: 1375: 1374: 1373: 1368: 1364: 1361: 1360: 1359: 1356: 1322: 1321: 1319: 1318: 1317: 1312: 1308: 1305: 1304: 1303: 1300: 1268: 1239:Museum of London 946:Museum of London 906:Second World War 679:Romanesque style 597:Alfred the Great 575: 513: 482: 341: 304:Second World War 289:Alfred the Great 278:Cripplegate Fort 264: 178: 129: 128: 126: 125: 124: 119: 115: 112: 111: 110: 107: 65: 64: 58: 42: 35: 21: 7236: 7235: 7231: 7230: 7229: 7227: 7226: 7225: 7211:Ruins in London 7156: 7155: 7154: 7149: 7110:Portobello Road 6991: 6949: 6936: 6892:Hampstead Heath 6845: 6841:St James's Park 6774: 6725:British Library 6715:Barbican Estate 6703: 6602: 6598:Wellington Arch 6583:Nelson's Column 6533:Albert Memorial 6521: 6487:Broadgate Tower 6472:8 Canada Square 6444: 6408: 6381: 6372:Royal buildings 6362: 6300: 6292: 6232: 6154: 6135:Tower of London 6080:Madame Tussauds 6023: 6014: 5945:Bank of England 5919: 5885:Brixton Academy 5868: 5804:Apollo Victoria 5785: 5738: 5731: 5714:Stamford Bridge 5704:(AFC Wimbledon) 5668:(Leyton Orient) 5654:Wembley Stadium 5647:Football stadia 5642: 5610: 5603: 5594:Waterloo Bridge 5589:Vauxhall Bridge 5574:Richmond Bridge 5506: 5499: 5493: 5463: 5458: 5449: 5440: 5429: 5412: 5341: 5326: 5315: 5306: 5276: 5271: 5245: 5182: 5123:Carlyle's House 5118:Blewcoat School 5094: 5090:Tower of London 5056: 5033: 4989:Kingston Museum 4974:Havering Museum 4922: 4883: 4876: 4847:Saatchi Gallery 4792:Hogarth's House 4787:Hayward Gallery 4698: 4679: 4661: 4608: 4587: 4569: 4546: 4528: 4495: 4464: 4420:Horniman Museum 4410:British Library 4401: 4388: 4383: 4353: 4340: 4327: 4323: 4299: 4289: 4284: 4282: 4278:from Wikivoyage 4272: 4267: 4265: 4255: 4250: 4248: 4245: 4241:sister projects 4240: 4232: 4227: 4217: 4215: 4214:. 22 March 2013 4210: 4209: 4205: 4195: 4193: 4185: 4184: 4180: 4170: 4168: 4160: 4159: 4155: 4145: 4143: 4135: 4134: 4130: 4120: 4118: 4110: 4109: 4105: 4095: 4093: 4085: 4084: 4080: 4070: 4068: 4060: 4059: 4055: 4045: 4043: 4035: 4034: 4030: 4020: 4018: 4010: 4009: 4005: 3995: 3993: 3985: 3984: 3980: 3965: 3950: 3949: 3945: 3937: 3933: 3918: 3903: 3902: 3887: 3877: 3875: 3867: 3866: 3862: 3854: 3850: 3842: 3838: 3823: 3808: 3807: 3803: 3795: 3791: 3777: 3776: 3772: 3759: 3758: 3754: 3746: 3742: 3727: 3712: 3711: 3707: 3698: 3697: 3693: 3683: 3681: 3672: 3671: 3667: 3657: 3655: 3646: 3645: 3641: 3609: 3608: 3604: 3594: 3592: 3583: 3582: 3578: 3573: 3569: 3559: 3557: 3550: 3546: 3545: 3541: 3534: 3521: 3520: 3516: 3496: 3492: 3484: 3480: 3475: 3471: 3459: 3455: 3445: 3443: 3434: 3433: 3429: 3422: 3409: 3408: 3404: 3397: 3377: 3376: 3372: 3362: 3360: 3355: 3354: 3350: 3343: 3330: 3329: 3325: 3312: 3311: 3307: 3297: 3295: 3282: 3281: 3277: 3267: 3265: 3256: 3255: 3251: 3241: 3239: 3234: 3233: 3229: 3221: 3217: 3200: 3188: 3173: 3172: 3168: 3161:10.5284/1070656 3146: 3145: 3141: 3126: 3115: 3108: 3107: 3103: 3088: 3073: 3072: 3068: 3060: 3056: 3035: 3034: 3030: 2988: 2987: 2978: 2968:Barbican Estate 2965: 2961: 2953: 2949: 2936: 2935: 2931: 2916: 2897: 2896: 2887: 2877: 2875: 2867: 2866: 2862: 2828: 2827: 2823: 2815: 2808: 2766: 2765: 2758: 2748: 2746: 2738: 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1446: 1443: 1438: 1435: 1433: 1431: 1430: 1371: 1369: 1365: 1362: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1350: 1349: 1330:Tower of London 1315: 1313: 1309: 1306: 1301: 1298: 1296: 1294: 1293: 1289:Tower of London 1266: 1231: 1217: 1197:Devil's Highway 1186: 1181: 1173: 1153: 1124: 1119: 1103: 1055: 1043:Tower of London 1031: 1029:Tower of London 1026: 1021: 1009:Wormwood Street 988: 963: 954: 913: 908: 903: 894: 878: 831: 804: 755:and (formerly) 707:Norman Conquest 703: 656: 624: 566:Barbican Estate 558: 553: 504: 485:Tower of London 462: 399: 371:Clodius Albinus 325: 320: 227: 122: 120: 116: 113: 108: 105: 103: 101: 100: 74: 73: 72: 71: 68: 67: 66: 45: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7234: 7232: 7224: 7223: 7218: 7213: 7208: 7203: 7198: 7193: 7188: 7183: 7178: 7173: 7168: 7158: 7157: 7151: 7150: 7148: 7147: 7142: 7137: 7132: 7127: 7122: 7117: 7112: 7107: 7102: 7097: 7092: 7087: 7082: 7080:Lombard Street 7077: 7072: 7067: 7062: 7057: 7052: 7047: 7045:Denmark Street 7042: 7037: 7032: 7027: 7025:Carnaby Street 7022: 7017: 7012: 7007: 7001: 6999: 6993: 6992: 6990: 6989: 6984: 6979: 6974: 6969: 6964: 6959: 6953: 6951: 6942: 6941: 6938: 6937: 6935: 6934: 6929: 6924: 6919: 6914: 6909: 6907:Mitcham Common 6904: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6884: 6879: 6874: 6869: 6867:Clapham Common 6864: 6859: 6857:Battersea Park 6853: 6851: 6847: 6846: 6844: 6843: 6838: 6833: 6828: 6823: 6818: 6813: 6811:Greenwich Park 6808: 6803: 6797: 6795: 6786: 6780: 6779: 6776: 6775: 6773: 6772: 6767: 6765:Somerset House 6762: 6757: 6752: 6747: 6742: 6740:Lambeth Palace 6737: 6732: 6727: 6722: 6717: 6711: 6709: 6705: 6704: 6702: 6701: 6696: 6691: 6686: 6681: 6676: 6671: 6666: 6661: 6656: 6651: 6646: 6644:Euston station 6641: 6636: 6631: 6626: 6621: 6616: 6610: 6608: 6604: 6603: 6601: 6600: 6595: 6593:Thames Barrier 6590: 6585: 6580: 6575: 6570: 6565: 6560: 6555: 6550: 6545: 6540: 6535: 6529: 6527: 6523: 6522: 6520: 6519: 6514: 6509: 6504: 6499: 6494: 6489: 6484: 6479: 6474: 6469: 6464: 6458: 6456: 6450: 6449: 6446: 6445: 6443: 6442: 6437: 6432: 6427: 6422: 6416: 6414: 6410: 6409: 6407: 6406: 6401: 6396: 6394:Clarence House 6391: 6385: 6383: 6374: 6368: 6367: 6364: 6363: 6361: 6360: 6355: 6350: 6348:Royal Exchange 6345: 6340: 6338:One New Change 6335: 6330: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6308:Borough Market 6304: 6302: 6294: 6293: 6291: 6290: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6268:Harvey Nichols 6265: 6260: 6255: 6249: 6247: 6238: 6234: 6233: 6231: 6230: 6225: 6220: 6215: 6210: 6208:St Mary-le-Bow 6205: 6200: 6195: 6190: 6185: 6180: 6175: 6170: 6164: 6162: 6156: 6155: 6153: 6152: 6147: 6142: 6137: 6132: 6127: 6122: 6120:Science Museum 6117: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6092: 6087: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6064: 6059: 6052: 6045: 6040: 6035: 6033:British Museum 6029: 6027: 6016: 6015: 6013: 6012: 6007: 6002: 5997: 5992: 5987: 5982: 5977: 5972: 5967: 5962: 5957: 5952: 5947: 5942: 5940:Admiralty Arch 5937: 5931: 5929: 5925: 5924: 5921: 5920: 5918: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5892: 5887: 5882: 5876: 5874: 5870: 5869: 5867: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5851: 5846: 5841: 5836: 5831: 5826: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5806: 5801: 5795: 5793: 5787: 5786: 5784: 5783: 5777: 5771: 5766: 5760: 5755: 5749: 5743: 5741: 5733: 5732: 5730: 5729: 5723: 5717: 5711: 5705: 5699: 5696:London Stadium 5693: 5687: 5681: 5675: 5672:Craven Cottage 5669: 5663: 5657: 5650: 5648: 5644: 5643: 5641: 5640: 5635: 5630: 5624: 5622: 5613: 5605: 5604: 5602: 5601: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5581: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5561: 5556: 5554:Lambeth Bridge 5551: 5546: 5541: 5539:Chelsea Bridge 5536: 5531: 5526: 5520: 5518: 5509: 5501: 5500: 5494: 5492: 5491: 5484: 5477: 5469: 5460: 5459: 5452: 5450: 5448: 5447: 5436: 5435: 5426: 5425: 5409: 5408: 5403: 5397: 5388: 5383: 5377: 5371: 5365: 5358: 5352: 5329: 5327: 5320: 5317: 5316: 5313:City of London 5307: 5305: 5304: 5297: 5290: 5282: 5273: 5272: 5270: 5269: 5258: 5255: 5254: 5251: 5250: 5247: 5246: 5244: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5203: 5201:Chiswick House 5198: 5192: 5190: 5184: 5183: 5181: 5180: 5175: 5170: 5165: 5160: 5155: 5150: 5149: 5148: 5140: 5138:The George Inn 5135: 5130: 5125: 5120: 5115: 5110: 5104: 5102: 5100:National Trust 5096: 5095: 5093: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5066: 5064: 5058: 5057: 5055: 5054: 5049: 5047:King's Gallery 5043: 5041: 5035: 5034: 5032: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5016: 5011: 5006: 5001: 4996: 4991: 4986: 4981: 4976: 4971: 4969:Hackney Museum 4966: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4930: 4928: 4924: 4923: 4921: 4920: 4915: 4910: 4905: 4900: 4895: 4889: 4887: 4875: 4874: 4869: 4864: 4859: 4854: 4849: 4844: 4839: 4834: 4829: 4824: 4819: 4814: 4809: 4804: 4799: 4794: 4789: 4784: 4779: 4774: 4769: 4764: 4759: 4754: 4749: 4744: 4739: 4734: 4729: 4724: 4719: 4714: 4709: 4703: 4700: 4699: 4696: 4689: 4688: 4685: 4684: 4681: 4680: 4678: 4677: 4671: 4669: 4660: 4659: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4639: 4634: 4629: 4624: 4619: 4613: 4610: 4609: 4604: 4597: 4596: 4593: 4592: 4589: 4588: 4586: 4585: 4579: 4577: 4571: 4570: 4568: 4567: 4562: 4556: 4554: 4548: 4547: 4545: 4544: 4542:Science Museum 4538: 4536: 4530: 4529: 4527: 4526: 4521: 4516: 4511: 4505: 4503: 4497: 4496: 4494: 4493: 4488: 4480: 4474: 4472: 4463: 4462: 4457: 4452: 4447: 4442: 4437: 4432: 4427: 4422: 4417: 4415:British Museum 4412: 4406: 4403: 4402: 4397: 4390: 4389: 4384: 4382: 4381: 4374: 4367: 4359: 4349:Wikidata query 4345: 4342: 4341: 4330: 4328: 4321: 4316: 4315: 4310: 4305: 4298: 4297: 4280: 4263: 4234: 4231: 4230:External links 4228: 4226: 4225: 4203: 4178: 4153: 4128: 4103: 4078: 4053: 4028: 4003: 3978: 3963: 3943: 3931: 3916: 3885: 3860: 3848: 3836: 3821: 3801: 3789: 3770: 3752: 3740: 3725: 3705: 3691: 3665: 3639: 3602: 3576: 3567: 3539: 3532: 3514: 3490: 3478: 3469: 3453: 3427: 3420: 3402: 3395: 3379:Stenton, Frank 3370: 3356:Wheeler, Kip. 3348: 3341: 3323: 3305: 3275: 3249: 3227: 3215: 3186: 3166: 3139: 3124: 3101: 3086: 3066: 3054: 3028: 3001:(2): 211–224. 2976: 2959: 2947: 2929: 2914: 2908:. p. 47. 2885: 2860: 2821: 2806: 2756: 2730: 2728: 2725: 2724: 2723: 2718: 2713: 2708: 2701: 2698: 2695: 2694: 2691: 2689: 2679: 2647: 2643: 2642: 2639: 2637: 2627: 2625: 2622: 2621: 2618: 2578: 2568: 2536: 2532: 2531: 2528: 2526: 2516: 2514: 2511: 2510: 2507: 2505: 2487: 2485: 2482: 2481: 2478: 2476: 2458: 2456: 2453: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2423: 2420: 2376: 2358: 2356: 2352: 2351: 2348: 2300: 2290: 2258: 2252: 2251: 2248: 2201: 2191: 2159: 2155: 2154: 2151: 2105: 2095: 2063: 2059: 2058: 2055: 1996: 1986: 1954: 1950: 1949: 1946: 1926:City of London 1881: 1871: 1839: 1830: 1829: 1826: 1823: 1820: 1817: 1808: 1805: 1802: 1801: 1798: 1792: 1790: 1758: 1751: 1750: 1748: 1742: 1740: 1708: 1702: 1701: 1698: 1692: 1682: 1650: 1646: 1645: 1642: 1636: 1626: 1594: 1590: 1589: 1588:Public access 1586: 1580: 1570: 1538: 1532: 1531: 1528: 1522: 1520: 1488: 1484: 1483: 1476: 1470: 1460: 1428: 1424: 1423: 1417: 1405: 1379: 1347: 1343: 1342: 1335: 1333: 1323: 1291: 1285: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1275: 1272: 1265: 1262: 1261: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1230: 1227: 1216: 1213: 1201:Watling Street 1185: 1182: 1180: 1177: 1172: 1169: 1152: 1149: 1123: 1120: 1118: 1115: 1102: 1099: 1054: 1051: 1030: 1027: 1025: 1022: 1020: 1017: 987: 984: 962: 959: 953: 950: 912: 909: 907: 904: 902: 899: 893: 890: 886:City of London 877: 874: 830: 827: 803: 800: 702: 699: 655: 652: 623: 620: 593:King of Wessex 557: 554: 552: 549: 503: 500: 461: 458: 398: 395: 367:Hadrian's Wall 324: 321: 319: 316: 300:City of London 271:City of London 251:defensive wall 233: 232: 229: 228: 223: 220: 219: 216: 215: 212: 208: 207: 204: 200: 199: 195: 194: 185: 181: 180: 174: 170: 169: 166: 162: 161: 157: 156: 153: 149: 148: 145: 141: 140: 135: 131: 130: 118:51.51°N 0.08°W 98: 94: 93: 91:Greater London 88: 84: 83: 82:Central London 80: 76: 75: 69: 60: 59: 53: 52: 51: 50: 47: 46: 43: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7233: 7222: 7219: 7217: 7214: 7212: 7209: 7207: 7204: 7202: 7199: 7197: 7194: 7192: 7189: 7187: 7184: 7182: 7179: 7177: 7174: 7172: 7169: 7167: 7164: 7163: 7161: 7146: 7143: 7141: 7138: 7136: 7133: 7131: 7128: 7126: 7125:Sloane Street 7123: 7121: 7118: 7116: 7115:Regent Street 7113: 7111: 7108: 7106: 7103: 7101: 7098: 7096: 7095:Oxford Street 7093: 7091: 7088: 7086: 7083: 7081: 7078: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7065:Jermyn Street 7063: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7043: 7041: 7038: 7036: 7033: 7031: 7028: 7026: 7023: 7021: 7018: 7016: 7013: 7011: 7008: 7006: 7003: 7002: 7000: 6998: 6994: 6988: 6985: 6983: 6982:Sloane Square 6980: 6978: 6975: 6973: 6970: 6968: 6965: 6963: 6960: 6958: 6957:Covent Garden 6955: 6954: 6952: 6950:public spaces 6947: 6943: 6933: 6930: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6922:Victoria Park 6920: 6918: 6915: 6913: 6912:Osterley Park 6910: 6908: 6905: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6895: 6893: 6890: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6882:Finsbury Park 6880: 6878: 6877:Epping Forest 6875: 6873: 6872:College Green 6870: 6868: 6865: 6863: 6860: 6858: 6855: 6854: 6852: 6848: 6842: 6839: 6837: 6836:Richmond Park 6834: 6832: 6831:Regent's Park 6829: 6827: 6824: 6822: 6819: 6817: 6814: 6812: 6809: 6807: 6804: 6802: 6799: 6798: 6796: 6794: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6781: 6771: 6768: 6766: 6763: 6761: 6758: 6756: 6753: 6751: 6748: 6746: 6743: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6713: 6712: 6710: 6706: 6700: 6697: 6695: 6692: 6690: 6687: 6685: 6682: 6680: 6677: 6675: 6672: 6670: 6667: 6665: 6662: 6660: 6657: 6655: 6652: 6650: 6647: 6645: 6642: 6640: 6637: 6635: 6632: 6630: 6627: 6625: 6622: 6620: 6617: 6615: 6612: 6611: 6609: 6605: 6599: 6596: 6594: 6591: 6589: 6586: 6584: 6581: 6579: 6576: 6574: 6571: 6569: 6566: 6564: 6561: 6559: 6556: 6554: 6551: 6549: 6546: 6544: 6541: 6539: 6536: 6534: 6531: 6530: 6528: 6524: 6518: 6515: 6513: 6510: 6508: 6505: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6485: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6463: 6460: 6459: 6457: 6455: 6451: 6441: 6438: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6421: 6418: 6417: 6415: 6411: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6390: 6387: 6386: 6384: 6378: 6375: 6373: 6369: 6359: 6356: 6354: 6351: 6349: 6346: 6344: 6341: 6339: 6336: 6334: 6331: 6329: 6326: 6324: 6323:Camden Market 6321: 6319: 6316: 6314: 6311: 6309: 6306: 6305: 6303: 6299: 6295: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6254: 6251: 6250: 6248: 6246: 6242: 6239: 6235: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6219: 6216: 6214: 6211: 6209: 6206: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6196: 6194: 6191: 6189: 6186: 6184: 6181: 6179: 6176: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6165: 6163: 6161: 6157: 6151: 6150:Young V&A 6148: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6070: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6057: 6053: 6051: 6050: 6046: 6044: 6041: 6039: 6036: 6034: 6031: 6030: 6028: 6026: 6021: 6017: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 6001: 6000:Scotland Yard 5998: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5988: 5986: 5983: 5981: 5978: 5976: 5975:Mansion House 5973: 5971: 5968: 5966: 5963: 5961: 5958: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5946: 5943: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5933: 5932: 5930: 5926: 5916: 5915:Wembley Arena 5913: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5877: 5875: 5871: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5857: 5855: 5852: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5840: 5837: 5835: 5832: 5830: 5827: 5825: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5796: 5794: 5792: 5788: 5781: 5778: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5745: 5744: 5742: 5740: 5739:sports venues 5734: 5727: 5724: 5721: 5718: 5715: 5712: 5709: 5708:Selhurst Park 5706: 5703: 5700: 5697: 5694: 5691: 5688: 5685: 5682: 5679: 5676: 5673: 5670: 5667: 5666:Brisbane Road 5664: 5661: 5658: 5655: 5652: 5651: 5649: 5645: 5639: 5636: 5634: 5631: 5629: 5626: 5625: 5623: 5621: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609:Entertainment 5606: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5569:Putney Bridge 5567: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5559:London Bridge 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5524:Albert Bridge 5522: 5521: 5519: 5517: 5513: 5510: 5508: 5505:Buildings and 5502: 5497: 5490: 5485: 5483: 5478: 5476: 5471: 5470: 5467: 5456: 5444: 5438: 5437: 5432: 5428: 5427: 5423: 5419: 5415: 5411: 5410: 5407: 5404: 5401: 5398: 5396: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5381: 5378: 5375: 5372: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5363: 5359: 5356: 5353: 5351: 5350: 5346: 5345: 5344: 5339: 5338: 5334: 5324: 5318: 5314: 5310: 5303: 5298: 5296: 5291: 5289: 5284: 5283: 5280: 5268: 5260: 5259: 5256: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5211:Eltham Palace 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5193: 5191: 5189: 5185: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5166: 5164: 5161: 5159: 5158:Osterley Park 5156: 5154: 5151: 5146: 5145: 5144: 5143:Lindsey House 5141: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5126: 5124: 5121: 5119: 5116: 5114: 5111: 5109: 5108:2 Willow Road 5106: 5105: 5103: 5101: 5097: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5067: 5065: 5063: 5059: 5053: 5050: 5048: 5045: 5044: 5042: 5040: 5036: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4990: 4987: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4949:Cuming Museum 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4934:Barnet Museum 4932: 4931: 4929: 4925: 4919: 4916: 4914: 4911: 4909: 4906: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4891: 4890: 4888: 4885: 4879: 4873: 4870: 4868: 4865: 4863: 4860: 4858: 4855: 4853: 4850: 4848: 4845: 4843: 4840: 4838: 4837:Postal Museum 4835: 4833: 4830: 4828: 4825: 4823: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4813: 4810: 4808: 4805: 4803: 4800: 4798: 4795: 4793: 4790: 4788: 4785: 4783: 4780: 4778: 4775: 4773: 4770: 4768: 4767:Garden Museum 4765: 4763: 4760: 4758: 4755: 4753: 4750: 4748: 4747:Design Museum 4745: 4743: 4740: 4738: 4735: 4733: 4730: 4728: 4725: 4723: 4720: 4718: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4708: 4705: 4704: 4701: 4694: 4690: 4676: 4673: 4672: 4670: 4668: 4664: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4643: 4640: 4638: 4635: 4633: 4632:Jewish Museum 4630: 4628: 4625: 4623: 4620: 4618: 4615: 4614: 4611: 4607: 4602: 4598: 4584: 4583:Young V&A 4581: 4580: 4578: 4576: 4572: 4566: 4563: 4561: 4558: 4557: 4555: 4553: 4549: 4543: 4540: 4539: 4537: 4535: 4531: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4519:Queen's House 4517: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4507: 4506: 4504: 4502: 4498: 4492: 4489: 4487: 4486: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4475: 4473: 4471: 4467: 4461: 4458: 4456: 4453: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4431: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4418: 4416: 4413: 4411: 4408: 4407: 4404: 4400: 4395: 4391: 4387: 4380: 4375: 4373: 4368: 4366: 4361: 4360: 4357: 4350: 4338: 4337:MediaWiki.org 4334: 4329: 4320: 4319: 4314: 4311: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4301: 4300: 4295:from Wikidata 4294: 4293: 4281: 4277: 4276: 4275:Travel guides 4264: 4260: 4259: 4247: 4243: 4237: 4229: 4213: 4207: 4204: 4192: 4188: 4182: 4179: 4167: 4163: 4157: 4154: 4142: 4138: 4132: 4129: 4117: 4113: 4107: 4104: 4092: 4088: 4082: 4079: 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