469:
257:(Eleven Cities Tour) was organised as a competition in 1909 and has been held at irregular intervals whenever the ice on the course is deemed good enough. Other outdoor races developed later, with North Holland hosting a race in 1917, but the Dutch natural ice conditions have rarely been conducive to skating. The Elfstedentocht has been held 15 times since 1909, and, before artificial ice was available in 1962, national championships had been held in 25 of the years between 1887, when the first championship was held in
441:, 1963 world champion and Olympic gold medallist, was the driving force behind the league, which folded in 1974 for economic reasons, and ISU also excluded tracks hosting professional races from future international championships. The ISU later organised its own World Cup circuit with monetary prizes, and full-time professional teams developed in the Netherlands during the 1990s, which led them to a dominance on the men's side only challenged by Japanese 500 m racers and a couple of American allrounders.
3030:
2174:
1445:
47:
2558:
2551:
2502:
2495:
2474:
2467:
1290:
1283:
1234:
1227:
1206:
1199:
2606:
2543:
2487:
2459:
1275:
1219:
1191:
4067:
960:
3135:
2923:
1861:
1338:
1010:
759:
6215:
2711:
713:
2446:
2439:
1178:
1171:
846:. The rules demand that the suits follow the natural shape of the body, preventing the use of, e.g., drop shaped helmets (as seen in cycling) or more inventive "Donald Duck" costumes. However, a lot of time and money is spent developing fabrics, cuts and seams that will reduce drag. Some skaters use low (no thicker than 3 mm) "aerodynamic strips" attached to their suits. These are intended to create
2431:
1163:
2579:
2523:
1311:
1255:
1966:
1550:
2586:
2530:
1318:
1262:
2281:
2071:
1756:
1653:
2571:
2515:
1303:
1247:
496:, a standard track should be either 400 m or 333β
m long; 400 m is the standard used for all major competitions. Tracks of other, non-standard lengths, such 200 or 250 m, are also in use in some places for training and/or smaller local competitions. On standard tracks, the curves have a radius of 25β26 m in the inner lane, and each lane is 3β4 m wide.
3452:
3345:
3238:
2816:
387:
513:
450:
which causes them both to cover the same distance per lap. When both skaters emerge from the corner at exactly the same time, the person currently in the inner lane will have to let the outer lane pass in front of him. This usually does not cause any problems, as the person in the inner lane will generally move much faster than the person in the outer lane.
928:. The usual distances are the 500 m, 1000 m, 1500 m, 3000 m (women only), 5000 m and 10,000 m (men only), but some other distances are sometimes skated as well, such as 100 m and 1 mile. Women occasionally, but rarely, are given the opportunity to skate the 10,000 m, but outside the top-level championships.
410:
217:
350:, condemning the manner of competition, and expressing the wish that mass start races were never to be held again at the Olympics. However, ISU adopted the short-track speed skating branch, with mass start races on shorter tracks, in 1967, arranged international competitions from 1976, and brought them back to the Olympics in 1992.
867:
scoring is the same for all combinations. All times are calculated back to 500 m times, so skating the 500 m in 40 seconds gives 40 points, while 1500 m (3Γ500 m) in 2 minutes (120 seconds, equivalent to 3Γ40 s) also gives 40 points. Points are calculated to three decimal places, and
947:
since the 1985β86 season. The World Cup works by ranking skaters by cumulative score during the season, for each distance separately, at specially designated World Cup meets. More specifically, there is for each season a World Cup competition for the 500 m, 1000 m, 1500 m, and combined
838:
sports. Blades are about 1 mm thick and typically come in lengths from 13 to 18 inches (33 to 46 cm). Most competitive athletes use lengths between 15 and 17 inches (38 and 43 cm), depending on body size and personal preference. The Viking skating factory in
Holland still counts as the
449:
All races are held in pairs, (except for the new Mass Start event), for which two lanes on the track are used. Skaters wear bands around their upper arm to identify which lane they started in. The colours are white for inner lane and red for outer lane. At the back straight, the skaters switch lanes,
242:
By 1851, North
Americans had discovered a love of the sport, and indeed the all-steel blade was later developed there. The Netherlands came back to the fore in 1889 with the organization of the first world championships. The ISU (International Skating Union) was also born in the Netherlands in 1892.
234:
However, skating and speed skating was not limited to the
Netherlands and Scandinavia; in 1592, a Scotsman designed a skate with an iron blade. It was iron-bladed skates that led to the spread of skating and, in particular, speed skating. By 1642, the first official skating club, The Skating Club Of
899:
The sprint championships are two-day events where skaters run the 500 m and 1000 m on both days. The samalog system is again applied to crown the winner. To counter any systematic bias regarding inner versus outer lanes, skaters change start lanes from the first day to the second. Nations
866:
The oldest competition format still in place is the allround event, standardized in 1892 (see
History above). Skaters skate four distances (for men: 500 m, 1500 m, 5000 m, and 10,000 m), and a ranking is made up based on the times skated on all of these distances. The method of
827:. The clap skates were introduced by Viking around 1996. They were considered revolutionary as the blades are hinged at the front of the boot and detach at the heel, allowing the skater a more natural range of movement. This enables a longer stroke while keeping maximum contact with the ice. By the
993:
There are several formats for the team pursuit. The
Olympic format is unusual in that it is a cup format, with several rounds of exclusion between two teams. In the World Cup and World Championships, one race is skated and the teams are ranked by their finishing time. In the Olympic format, a team
699:
Of these, the rinks in
Calgary (~1100 meters above sea level) and Kearns (Salt Lake City) (1402 m) are located at a high altitude, which is believed to enable faster times than lowland rinks, due to decreased air resistance, and also due to there being less oxygen to create bubbles in the ice. The
333:
Norwegian and
Finnish skaters won all the gold medals in World Championships between the world wars, with Latvians and Austrians visiting the podium in the European Championships. At the time, North American races were usually conducted pack-style, similar to the marathon races in the Netherlands,
227:
The roots of speed skating date back over a millennium to
Scandinavia, Northern Europe and the Netherlands, where the natives added bones to their shoes and used them to travel on frozen rivers, canals and lakes. In contrast to what people think, ice skating has always been an activity of joy and
935:
in 1996, and with the 1998 Nagano
Olympics; at all earlier Olympics, the 500 m was skated only once. The reason for skating this distance twice is that there is a small but statistically significant average advantage of starting in the inner lane; negotiating the last curve at high speed is
1103:
are not included as a primary component of the list, though individual achievements in that competition are noted when applicable. The team pursuit, introduced at the 2006 Olympics and the 2005 World Single
Distance Championships, has been left out for a more balanced comparison and to focus on
453:
Occasionally, quartet starts are used, for the pragmatic and practical reason of allowing more skaters to complete their races inside a given amount of time. This involves having two pairs of skaters in the lanes at the same time, but with the second pair starting when the first have completed
358:
In the 1930s, women began to be accepted in ISU speed skating competitions. Although women's races had been held in North America for some time and competed at the 1932 Winter Olympics in a demonstration event, the ISU did not organise official competitions until 1936. However,
228:
sports and not a matter of transport. For example, winters in the Netherlands have never been stable and cold enough to make ice skating a way of travelling or a mode of transport. This has already been described in 1194 by William Fitzstephen, who described a sport in London.
811:, since both have an interest in more indoor venues with large ice surfaces being built. In Norway there is an agreement in place, stating that an indoor arena intended primarily for either bandy or long-track speed skating, shall have ice surface for the other sport as well.
990:. Two teams race at a time, starting at a line in the middle of the straightaway. One team starts on each side of the track. Only the inner lane is used. The distance is eight laps for men and six for women. The team's time is the third skater to cross the finish line.
342:
stayed at home, protesting against this form of racing. At the World Championships held immediately after the Games, without the American champions, Norwegian racers won all four distances and occupied the top three spots in the allround standings.
425:, has helped to lower long-track world records considerably; from 1971 to 2007, the average speed on the men's 1500 metres was raised from 45 to 52 km/h (28 to 32 mph). Similar speed increases are shown in the other distances.
367:(Stars of the skating sport), a Norwegian work from 1971, no female skaters are mentioned on the book's nearly 200 pages, though they had by then competed for nearly 30 years. The women's long-track speed skating was since dominated by
1044:" skating marathon on natural ice is organized if it meets the minimum requirement of 12-centimetre thickness. For the first time in 13 years, a Dutch championship ice-skating marathon on natural ice was held in January 2009, in the
703:
After the completion of the 2010 Olympic Winter Games, the Richmond Olympic oval "will shed its long-track speed skating configuration for a multi-sport layout that will accommodate ice, track, court, paddling and fitness users".
421:(who finished 8th on the Olympic 10,000 m at the age of 46) at the front of development. After a while, national teams took over development of "body suits". Suits and indoor skating, as well as the
322:
had clocked a better time. Timing issues on the 500 m were a problem within the sport until electronic clocks arrived in the 1960s; during the 1936 Olympic 500-metre race, it was suggested that
997:
The team pursuit is a new event in major international competitions. The event was introduced at international level at the world junior championships around the turn of the millennium, and to the
5991:
280:
journalist Jaap Bloembergen, the country "takes a carnival look" during international skating championships, despite the fact that "people outside the country are not particularly interested."
4225:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
994:
that overtakes the other has automatically won the race and the remaining distance is not skated. In practice, the distance is so short that this rarely happens unless one team has a fall.
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
879:
in the 1962 World Championshipβor he may win three distances but lose the overall title. Originally, three distance victories won one the championship, but the rules were changed after
5678:
5673:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5639:
5634:
264:
Another solution to still be able to skate marathons on natural ice became the Alternative Elfstedentocht. The Alternative Elfstedentocht races take part in other countries, such as
5629:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5595:
5590:
5585:
5573:
5568:
5563:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
4805:
1060:
931:
The 500 m is usually skated with two runs, so that every skater has one race starting in the outer lane and one in the inner. This practice started with the first of the
951:
Starting with the 2011/2012 season the ISU decided to crown one "Grand World Cup Winner" for Men and Ladies as the aggregate of all the scores during the World Cup Season.
5518:
4333:
261:, and 1961. Since artificial ice became common in the Netherlands, Dutch speed skaters have been among the top long-track speed skaters and marathon skaters in the world.
5984:
794:
5226:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4218:
4056:
347:
5958:
5953:
5948:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5896:
5866:
5861:
5781:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5413:
276:, and all top marathon skaters as well as thousands of recreative skaters travel from the Netherlands to the location where the race is held. According to the
239:. While in the Netherlands, people began touring the waterways connecting the 11 cities of Friesland, a challenge which eventually led to the Elfstedentocht.
5977:
1088:
338:
should be held as pack-style races, and Americans won all four gold medals. Canada won five medals, all silver and bronze, while defending World Champion
4324:
4211:
1083:
888:
3860:
3847:
335:
101:
5688:
5240:
3578:
1093:
905:
6204:
6199:
6194:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6124:
6119:
948:
5,000 m and 10,000 m, for men; and for the 500 m, 1000 m, 1500 m, and combined 3,000 m and 5,000 m, for women.
4935:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
454:
approximately half of the first lap. The skaters in the second pair will then wear yellow and blue arm bands instead of the usual white and red.
700:
high altitude is believed to be part of the reason that the 2002 Salt Lake City games broke most of the previous speed-skating Olympic records.
235:
Edinburgh, was born, and, in 1763, the world saw its first official speed skating race, at Wisbech on the Fens in England for a prize sum of 70
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4310:
4305:
4300:
3901:
3573:
909:
289:
330:
winning 1,500 metres, 5,000 metres, and allround. It was the only time an allround Olympic gold medal has been awarded in speed skating.
4049:
1100:
932:
921:
796:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4284:
4279:
437:, three-time Olympic gold medallist in 1972, as well as five Norwegians, four other Dutchmen, three Swedes, and a few other skaters.
6234:
4242:
4234:
3732:
3709:
3686:
3663:
3640:
1041:
808:
433:
After the 1972 season, European long-track skaters founded a professional league, International Speedskating League, which included
5911:
5906:
5901:
5891:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5423:
5418:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5248:
3872:
1029:
in running. When skated outdoors on natural ice, the distances can be as long as 200 km. An example of this is the famous
1001:
in 2003, but it was not considered an official ISU event until around 2004, and eventually introduced at the Olympics in 2006.
4042:
744:
634:
871:
is applied; the numbers are not rounded. The skater who has the fewest points wins the competition. This system is called
156:
6114:
6109:
6104:
6099:
6094:
6089:
6084:
6079:
6074:
6069:
6064:
6059:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6014:
541:
4145:
1079:
The following is the list of athletes who have won the following competitions at least five times in individual events.
1056:, an area of land reclaimed in the 1960s. The women competitors competed in 60 kilometres, and the men, 100 kilometres.
243:
By the start of the 20th century, skating and speed skating had come into its own as a major popular sporting activity.
3824:
3800:
6229:
6000:
940:
901:
804:
493:
69:
334:
but the Olympic races were to be held over the four ISU-approved distances. The ISU approved the suggestion that the
521:
468:
6255:
772:
Many speed skating venues have ice hockey rinks or no ice area at all inside the oval. A few are suitable also for
628:
614:
326:'s 500-metre time was almost a second too good. Finland won the remaining four gold medals at the 1924 Games, with
231:
Later, in Norway, King Eystein Magnusson, later King Eystein I of Norway, boasts of his skills racing on ice legs.
2598:
402:
were the last Olympic competitions on natural ice. 1960 also saw the first Winter Olympic competitions for women.
4123:
3444:
129:
2808:
531:
982:
The team pursuit is a team event in speed skating and is skated by teams of three skaters. Races resemble the
3926:
998:
944:
925:
504:
These rinks have hosted international events (World Cups or international senior championships) since 2005.
6265:
3337:
1099:
As its inclusion would place the athletes who have been active before 1996 at a significant disadvantage,
783:
561:
124:
where competitors are timed while crossing a set distance. It is also a sport for leisure. Sports such as
721:
4192:
4070:
3583:
624:
618:
315:
64:
4024:
920:
A more basic form of speed skating consists of skating a single event. This is the format used for the
4014:
684:
6260:
3979:
Five individual gold medals in 1924, four from 1928 to 1972, five from 1976 to 2014, and six in 2018.
3952:
Five individual gold medals in 1924, four from 1928 to 1972, five from 1976 to 2014, and six in 2018.
3835:
828:
800:
551:
395:
372:
295:
137:
133:
125:
3905:
1037:. Alternative versions of this famous event are sometimes held abroad, e.g., in Finland and Canada.
1045:
310:
in 1924βretroactively awarded Olympic statusβthat ice speed skating reached the Olympic programme.
887:
at the 1983 World Championship despite the latter having less points. The ISU organizes an annual
4172:
3774:
963:
777:
463:
363:
set the first official world record in 1929. Women's speed skating was not very high-profile; in
2557:
2550:
2501:
2494:
2473:
2466:
1289:
1282:
1233:
1226:
1205:
1198:
484:. Indeed, an athletics track covered with ice can function as a speed skating track, such as on
418:
781:
306:
put an end to the plans of Olympic competition, and it was not until the winter sports week in
4188:
3728:
3705:
3682:
3659:
3636:
3230:
3127:
2542:
2486:
2458:
1274:
1218:
1190:
1064:
959:
880:
654:
584:
481:
294:
At the 1914 Olympic Congress, the delegates agreed to include long-track speed skating in the
46:
4029:
4150:
4091:
4066:
2063:
1958:
1748:
876:
403:
360:
81:
3617:
1009:
758:
4155:
3751:
1645:
967:
884:
787:
674:
485:
323:
311:
277:
6214:
1021:
In marathon events, skaters skate long distances in a large group. When conducted at an
803:, is also designed appropriately for that sport. There is a growing cooperation between
516:
The long-track Olympic Oval in Calgary. Two hockey rinks fit inside the long-track rink.
17:
4118:
3880:
2611:
2273:
1030:
847:
843:
712:
688:
299:
254:
196:
54:
5969:
6249:
4140:
3563:
3035:
2915:
2179:
1542:
1450:
987:
834:
Both traditional and clap skates use long and straight blades compared to many other
594:
575:
438:
399:
339:
327:
236:
200:
121:
117:
96:
33:
4203:
3746:
2445:
2438:
1177:
1170:
318:, won the first Olympic gold medal, though several Norwegians in attendance claimed
4165:
3140:
3022:
2716:
983:
664:
658:
604:
368:
2430:
1162:
4160:
4113:
3558:
2928:
2578:
2522:
2166:
1866:
1437:
1343:
1330:
1310:
1254:
1034:
1014:
971:
853:
Glasses or goggles may also be worn so that the wind does not dry out the eyes.
835:
824:
422:
319:
303:
258:
184:
144:
2585:
2529:
1317:
1261:
4103:
2703:
2570:
2514:
1853:
1302:
1246:
868:
820:
739:
678:
648:
434:
378:, who have won 15 of 35 Olympic gold medals in women's long-track since 1984.
4034:
4086:
1053:
545:
386:
220:
4025:
Largest photo archive (more than 3.000) of worldwide speed skating athletes
692:
900:
with active skaters arrange annual national sprint championships, and the
512:
413:
The clap skate, a new type of skate, which came into wide use in the 1990s
346:
Norwegian, Swedish, Finnish and Japanese skating leaders protested to the
4081:
3931:
3568:
1049:
1026:
1025:
oval, the distance is usually around 40 km, akin to the traditional
1022:
477:
307:
4098:
4004:
3457:
3350:
3243:
2821:
1971:
1555:
872:
608:
555:
409:
375:
269:
265:
164:
160:
148:
417:
More aerodynamic skating suits were also developed, with Swiss skater
4135:
4020:
Most complete archive of speed skating results since 1880 until today
3608:, Knut BjΓΈrnsen and Per Jorsett, J. W. Cappelens forlag 1971, pg. 183
2286:
2076:
1761:
1658:
1068:
975:
725:
644:
638:
588:
571:
565:
535:
525:
273:
203:. Speed skaters attain maximum speeds of 60 km/h (37 mph).
192:
188:
180:
176:
152:
4019:
4009:
216:
3970:
The first Winter Olympics were held when Mathisen was 35 years old.
936:
typically more difficult in the inner lane than in the outer lane.
1008:
958:
875:. An allround champion may not have won a single distanceβsuch as
790:
773:
766:
762:
757:
735:
729:
711:
668:
598:
579:
511:
467:
408:
385:
215:
172:
168:
4108:
3902:"Results available from The German Ice Speed Skating Federation"
489:
5973:
4207:
4038:
1059:
An example of a famous marathon outside the Netherlands is the
394:
Artificial ice entered the long-track competitions with the
4010:
Long-track speed skating at the International Skating Union
3848:"Π‘Π°ΠΉΡ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠ΅Ρ β www.kuzbassbandyclub.ru"
3836:
Beijing unveils design of speed skating venue for Olympics
908:
for men and for women since 1970. Since 2017 a biannual
143:
Long-track speed skating enjoys large popularity in the
4030:
German Ice Speed Skating Federation (including results)
1033:(Eleven cities tour), which is irregularly held in the
3992:
3825:
Media release from Richmond Olympic Oval, March 2010
1061:
International Big Rideau Lake Speed Skating Marathon
6007:
5687:
5517:
5239:
5089:
4804:
4332:
4323:
4293:
4250:
4241:
819:There are two primary types of skates, traditional
95:
90:
80:
75:
62:
27:Competitive skating on a 400-meter oval ice track
939:In addition to international championships, the
924:, which have been arranged since 1996, and the
492:up to the 1980s. According to the rules of the
912:is held which includes a sprint championship.
406:won two gold medals in 1960 and four in 1964.
5985:
4219:
4050:
8:
3747:"Record-setting day for Utah's Olympic Oval"
910:European Allround Speedskating Championships
302:had featured in the 1908 Olympics. However,
39:
1089:World All-Round Speed Skating Championships
799:in Beijing, China, which was built for the
750:All four of these are high-altitude rinks.
5992:
5978:
5970:
4329:
4247:
4226:
4212:
4204:
4057:
4043:
4035:
3961:First held near the end of Schenk's career
2379:
1111:
889:World Allround Speed Skating Championships
38:
3927:"Olympic Medal Winners for Speed Skating"
839:world's biggest producer of clap skates.
3773:Clarey, Christopher (25 February 2002).
3579:List of Olympic records in speed skating
1094:World Sprint Speed Skating Championships
147:and has also had champion athletes from
3595:
1040:In cold winters in the Netherlands, a "
906:World Sprint Speedskating Championships
831:, nearly all skaters used clap skates.
336:1932 Olympic speed skating competitions
3574:List of world records in speed skating
32:For related forms of competition, see
3727:, Γ
ge Dalby, Jan Greve, Per Jorsett,
3704:, Γ
ge Dalby, Jan Greve, Per Jorsett,
3681:, Γ
ge Dalby, Jan Greve, Per Jorsett,
3658:, Γ
ge Dalby, Jan Greve, Per Jorsett,
3635:, Γ
ge Dalby, Jan Greve, Per Jorsett,
7:
3620:, from nrc.nl, published 1 July 1999
290:Speed skating at the Winter Olympics
6001:ISU Speed Skating World Cup seasons
3618:Less orange during the uneven years
1101:World Single Distance Championships
933:World Single Distance Championships
922:World Single Distance Championships
797:Beijing National Speed Skating Oval
542:Jilin Provincial Speed Skating Rink
480:similar in dimension to an outdoor
390:A skater in full body-covering suit
223:, the first official world champion
850:in certain areas around the body.
398:, and the competitions in 1956 on
25:
6235:World Speed Skating Championships
4235:World Speed Skating Championships
3775:"The ice makers, too, get a rush"
809:Federation of International Bandy
745:Ice rink COS OPO Zakopane, Poland
6213:
4065:
3799:James Christie (21 March 2009).
3584:List of long-track speed skaters
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476:Skaters race on a two-lane oval
249:Elfstedentocht and Dutch history
112:, usually simply referred to as
45:
3725:Olympiske vinterleker 1924β2006
3702:Olympiske vinterleker 1924β2006
3679:Olympiske vinterleker 1924β2006
3656:Olympiske vinterleker 1924β2006
3633:Olympiske vinterleker 1924β2006
2381:
1113:
842:A lot of attention is given to
140:are also called speed skating.
3801:"Keeping medal hopes on track"
3735:, Akilles forlag 2006, pg. 230
3712:, Akilles forlag 2006, pg. 252
1013:Marathon speed skating in the
522:Gunda-Niemann-Stirnemann-Halle
472:A 400-meter speed skating rink
1:
3689:, Akilles forlag 2006, p. 52.
3666:, Akilles forlag 2006, p. 78.
3643:, Akilles forlag 2006, p. 33.
974:training for team pursuit in
754:Combination with other sports
353:
941:International Skating Union
805:International Skating Union
734:High-altitude skating rink
635:Sportforum HohenschΓΆnhausen
494:International Skating Union
70:International Skating Union
6282:
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629:Richmond, British Columbia
615:Pettit National Ice Center
461:
287:
31:
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4181:
4077:
4015:Skating results from 1887
3445:Monique Garbrecht-Enfeldt
2416:
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2382:
1148:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1104:individual achievements.
716:Ice rink COS OPO Zakopane
44:
2809:Gunda Niemann-Stirnemann
532:Heilongjiang Indoor Rink
130:short-track speedskating
110:Long-track speed skating
51:Competitive speed skater
40:Long-track speed skating
18:Long track speed skating
3606:SkΓΈytesportens stjerner
945:Speed Skating World Cup
500:Top international rinks
365:SkΓΈytesportens stjerner
3338:Anni Friesinger-Postma
1018:
979:
784:Ice Palace Krylatskoye
769:
717:
585:Ludwig Schwabl Stadion
562:Ice Palace Krylatskoye
517:
473:
414:
391:
382:Technical developments
224:
4193:Summer Olympic sports
4071:Winter Olympic sports
1042:National championship
1012:
962:
765:is also suitable for
761:
715:
625:Richmond Olympic Oval
619:West Allis, Wisconsin
515:
471:
412:
389:
316:Lake Placid, New York
219:
1084:Olympic Winter Games
895:Sprint championships
829:1998 Winter Olympics
801:2022 Winter Olympics
726:KlobensteinβCollalbo
396:1960 Winter Olympics
354:Women's competitions
126:ice skating marathon
4005:IOC β Speed skating
3861:kuzbassbandyclub.ru
1052:in the province of
1046:Oostvaardersplassen
722:Ritten Kunsteisbahn
134:inline speedskating
65:governing body
41:
4173:Ski mountaineering
3993:https://thialf.nl/
3805:The Globe and Mail
3779:The New York Times
1019:
980:
964:Wouter olde Heuvel
943:has organised the
857:Competition format
778:Hamar Olympic Hall
770:
718:
518:
474:
464:Speed skating rink
415:
392:
225:
138:quad speed skating
118:Olympic discipline
6256:Individual sports
6243:
6242:
5967:
5966:
5235:
5234:
4319:
4318:
4201:
4200:
4189:Paralympic sports
3550:
3549:
3231:Claudia Pechstein
3128:Lidiya Skoblikova
2599:Martina SΓ‘blΓkovΓ‘
2373:
2372:
1065:Portland, Ontario
904:have held annual
881:Rolf Falk-Larssen
655:Utah Olympic Oval
611:, Alberta, Canada
107:
106:
16:(Redirected from
6273:
6217:
5994:
5987:
5980:
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5582:
5560:
5519:Single distances
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3904:. Archived from
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3879:. Archived from
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2414:Distance Champ.
2380:
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2178:
2176:
2175:
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2073:
2072:
2064:Hjalmar Andersen
1970:
1968:
1967:
1959:Igor Zhelezovski
1865:
1863:
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1760:
1758:
1757:
1749:Johann Olav Koss
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1201:
1193:
1180:
1173:
1165:
1146:Distance Champ.
1112:
916:Single distances
877:Viktor Kosichkin
685:Centre de glaces
404:Lidia Skoblikova
361:Zofia Nehringowa
49:
42:
21:
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4156:Nordic combined
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3752:The Denver Post
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1965:
1963:
1860:
1858:
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1753:
1652:
1650:
1646:Ivar Ballangrud
1549:
1547:
1444:
1442:
1337:
1335:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1122:
1110:
1077:
1075:Notable skaters
1007:
968:Erben Wennemars
957:
918:
897:
885:Tomas Gustafson
864:
859:
817:
756:
710:
675:Alau Ice Palace
661:, United States
621:, United States
552:Kometa Ice Rink
510:
502:
486:Bislett stadion
482:athletics track
466:
460:
447:
431:
429:Professionalism
419:Franz KrienbΓΌhl
384:
356:
324:Ivar Ballangrud
312:Charles Jewtraw
292:
286:
278:NRC Handelsblad
251:
214:
212:ISU development
209:
76:Characteristics
58:
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28:
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4119:figure skating
4111:
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4094:
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4078:
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4062:
4061:
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4039:
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4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4000:
3999:External links
3997:
3996:
3995:
3988:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3972:
3963:
3954:
3945:
3918:
3893:
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3791:
3765:
3737:
3722:(in Norwegian)
3714:
3699:(in Norwegian)
3691:
3676:(in Norwegian)
3668:
3653:(in Norwegian)
3645:
3630:(in Norwegian)
3622:
3610:
3603:(in Norwegian)
3594:
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3074:
3069:
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3063:
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3055:
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3049:
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3025:
3019:
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3009:
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2650:
2645:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2631:
2628:
2625:
2622:
2617:
2614:
2612:Czech Republic
2601:
2595:
2594:
2589:
2582:
2575:
2566:
2561:
2554:
2547:
2538:
2533:
2526:
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2498:
2491:
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2463:
2454:
2449:
2442:
2435:
2426:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2415:
2410:
2407:Previous three
2405:
2404:Championships
2400:
2399:Championships
2397:World Allround
2395:
2392:
2387:
2384:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2361:
2356:
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2318:
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2309:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2276:
2274:Oscar Mathisen
2270:
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2255:
2252:
2249:
2246:
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2238:
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2199:
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2159:
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2110:
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2096:
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2060:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1977:
1974:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1925:
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1186:
1181:
1174:
1167:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1142:
1139:Previous three
1137:
1136:Championships
1132:
1131:Championships
1129:World Allround
1127:
1124:
1119:
1116:
1109:
1106:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1076:
1073:
1031:Elfstedentocht
1006:
1003:
956:
953:
917:
914:
896:
893:
863:
860:
858:
855:
848:turbulent flow
844:air resistance
816:
813:
755:
752:
748:
747:
742:
732:
709:
706:
697:
696:
682:
672:
662:
652:
642:
632:
622:
612:
602:
592:
582:
569:
559:
549:
539:
529:
509:
506:
501:
498:
459:
456:
446:
443:
430:
427:
383:
380:
355:
352:
300:figure skating
288:Main article:
285:
282:
255:Elfstedentocht
250:
247:
213:
210:
208:
205:
197:Czech Republic
105:
104:
99:
93:
92:
88:
87:
84:
78:
77:
73:
72:
67:
60:
59:
55:Shannon Rempel
50:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6278:
6267:
6266:Speed skating
6264:
6262:
6259:
6257:
6254:
6253:
6251:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6225:
6224:
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4180:
4174:
4171:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4146:cross-country
4144:
4142:
4139:
4138:
4137:
4134:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
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4068:
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4055:
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4041:
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4037:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4002:
3998:
3994:
3991:
3990:
3986:
3976:
3973:
3967:
3964:
3958:
3955:
3949:
3946:
3934:
3933:
3928:
3922:
3919:
3908:on 2016-03-03
3907:
3903:
3897:
3894:
3883:on 2014-09-05
3882:
3878:
3876:
3868:
3865:
3862:
3857:
3854:
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3843:
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3795:
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3780:
3776:
3769:
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3754:
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3748:
3741:
3738:
3734:
3733:82-7286-162-3
3730:
3726:
3718:
3715:
3711:
3710:82-7286-162-3
3707:
3703:
3695:
3692:
3688:
3687:82-7286-162-3
3684:
3680:
3672:
3669:
3665:
3664:82-7286-162-3
3661:
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3649:
3646:
3642:
3641:82-7286-162-3
3638:
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3607:
3599:
3596:
3589:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3564:Speed skating
3562:
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2197:
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2180:United States
2168:
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2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1938:
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1932:
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1543:Clas Thunberg
1540:
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1439:
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1048:wetland near
1047:
1043:
1038:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1016:
1011:
1004:
1002:
1000:
995:
991:
989:
988:track cycling
985:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
954:
952:
949:
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942:
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651:, Netherlands
650:
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636:
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623:
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613:
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603:
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595:Oval Lingotto
593:
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583:
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560:
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547:
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470:
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455:
451:
444:
442:
440:
439:Jonny Nilsson
436:
428:
426:
424:
420:
411:
407:
405:
401:
400:Lake Misurina
397:
388:
381:
379:
377:
374:
370:
366:
362:
351:
349:
344:
341:
340:Clas Thunberg
337:
331:
329:
328:Clas Thunberg
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
296:1916 Olympics
291:
284:Olympic Games
283:
281:
279:
275:
271:
267:
262:
260:
256:
248:
246:
244:
240:
238:
232:
229:
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206:
204:
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201:United States
198:
194:
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186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
141:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
122:speed skating
119:
115:
114:speed skating
111:
103:
100:
98:
94:
89:
85:
83:
79:
74:
71:
68:
66:
61:
56:
48:
43:
35:
34:Speed skating
30:
19:
6226:
5942:
5667:
5645:
5623:
5601:
5579:
5557:
4834:
4549:
4452:
4273:
4185:
4166:snowboarding
4128:
3975:
3966:
3957:
3948:
3936:. Retrieved
3930:
3921:
3910:. Retrieved
3906:the original
3896:
3885:. Retrieved
3881:the original
3874:
3867:
3856:
3842:
3831:
3820:
3808:. Retrieved
3804:
3794:
3782:. Retrieved
3778:
3768:
3756:. Retrieved
3750:
3745:John Meyer.
3740:
3724:
3717:
3701:
3694:
3678:
3671:
3655:
3648:
3632:
3625:
3613:
3605:
3598:
3535:
3521:
3507:
3493:
3479:
3465:
3428:
3414:
3400:
3386:
3372:
3358:
3321:
3307:
3293:
3279:
3265:
3251:
3214:
3188:
3162:
3148:
3141:Soviet Union
3111:
3085:
3071:
3057:
3043:
3023:Bonnie Blair
3006:
2992:
2978:
2964:
2950:
2936:
2899:
2885:
2871:
2857:
2843:
2829:
2792:
2766:
2752:
2738:
2724:
2717:East Germany
2687:
2661:
2647:
2633:
2619:
2591:
2568:
2563:
2540:
2535:
2512:
2507:
2484:
2479:
2456:
2451:
2428:
2412:World Single
2402:World Sprint
2358:
2332:
2306:
2257:
2243:
2229:
2215:
2201:
2187:
2150:
2124:
2098:
2084:
2047:
2021:
2007:
1993:
1979:
1942:
1916:
1902:
1888:
1874:
1837:
1811:
1797:
1783:
1769:
1732:
1706:
1680:
1666:
1629:
1603:
1577:
1563:
1526:
1500:
1486:
1472:
1458:
1421:
1407:
1393:
1379:
1365:
1351:
1323:
1300:
1295:
1272:
1267:
1244:
1239:
1216:
1211:
1188:
1183:
1160:
1144:World Single
1134:World Sprint
1098:
1078:
1058:
1039:
1020:
996:
992:
984:team pursuit
981:
955:Team pursuit
950:
938:
930:
919:
898:
865:
852:
841:
833:
818:
771:
749:
702:
698:
681:, Kazakhstan
665:Vikingskipet
659:Kearns, Utah
605:Olympic Oval
503:
475:
452:
448:
432:
416:
393:
369:East Germany
364:
357:
345:
332:
293:
263:
252:
245:
241:
233:
230:
226:
142:
113:
109:
108:
29:
6261:Ice skating
4161:ski jumping
4124:short-track
3559:Ice skating
2929:Netherlands
2167:Shani Davis
1867:Netherlands
1438:Eric Heiden
1344:Netherlands
1331:Sven Kramer
1035:Netherlands
1015:Netherlands
972:Sven Kramer
836:ice skating
825:clap skates
689:QuΓ©bec City
320:Oskar Olsen
304:World War I
259:Slikkerveer
185:South Korea
145:Netherlands
6250:Categories
4243:Unofficial
4129:long-track
4104:Ice hockey
3912:2009-02-13
3887:2014-09-01
3877:Catalogue"
3590:References
2916:Ireen WΓΌst
2704:Karin Enke
2394:Olympics
1854:Ard Schenk
1126:Olympics
869:truncation
821:ice skates
740:Kazakhstan
679:Nur-Sultan
649:Heerenveen
462:See also:
435:Ard Schenk
423:clap skate
371:and later
6227:See also:
4186:See also:
4151:freestyle
4087:Bobsleigh
2409:combined
2291:1888β1954
2081:1923β2013
1663:1904β1969
1560:1893β1973
1141:combined
1054:Flevoland
999:World Cup
986:event in
926:World Cup
815:Equipment
641:, Germany
591:, Germany
546:Changchun
528:, Germany
373:reunified
221:Jaap Eden
116:, is the
82:Mixed-sex
5090:Combined
4325:Allround
4092:skeleton
4082:Biathlon
3938:25 March
3932:USAToday
3569:Ice rink
3553:See also
2383:Athlete
1115:Athlete
1050:Lelystad
1027:marathon
1023:ice rink
1005:Marathon
862:Allround
695:, Canada
671:, Norway
631:, Canada
568:, Russia
558:, Russia
308:Chamonix
298:, after
199:and the
91:Presence
63:Highest
6205:2023β24
6200:2022β23
6195:2021β22
6190:2020β21
6185:2019β20
6180:2018β19
6175:2017β18
6170:2016β17
6165:2015β16
6160:2014β15
6155:2013β14
6150:2012β13
6145:2011β12
6140:2010β11
6135:2009β10
6130:2008β09
6125:2007β08
6120:2006β07
6115:2005β06
6110:2004β05
6105:2003β04
6100:2002β03
6095:2001β02
6090:2000β01
6085:1999β00
6080:1998β99
6075:1997β98
6070:1996β97
6065:1995β96
6060:1994β95
6055:1993β94
6050:1992β93
6045:1991β92
6040:1990β91
6035:1989β90
6030:1988β89
6025:1987β88
6020:1986β87
6015:1985β86
6008:Seasons
4835:1940β46
4550:1940β46
4453:1915β21
4114:Skating
4099:Curling
3987:Sources
3810:2 April
3784:2 April
3758:2 April
3458:Germany
3351:Germany
3244:Germany
2822:Germany
2386:Nation
1972:Belarus
1556:Finland
1118:Nation
1017:in 2007
873:samalog
776:, like
708:Outdoor
609:Calgary
601:, Italy
556:Kolomna
548:, China
538:, China
376:Germany
270:Finland
266:Austria
237:guineas
207:History
165:Germany
161:Finland
149:Austria
97:Olympic
5689:Junior
5241:Sprint
4141:alpine
4136:Skiing
3875:Viking
3731:
3708:
3685:
3662:
3639:
3455:
3348:
3241:
3138:
3033:
2926:
2819:
2714:
2609:
2417:Total
2287:Norway
2284:
2177:
2077:Norway
2074:
1969:
1864:
1762:Norway
1759:
1659:Norway
1656:
1553:
1448:
1341:
1149:Total
1069:Canada
976:Thialf
970:, and
693:QuΓ©bec
645:Thialf
639:Berlin
589:Inzell
576:Nagano
572:M-Wave
566:Moscow
536:Harbin
526:Erfurt
508:Indoor
445:Racing
274:Canada
195:, the
193:Sweden
189:Russia
181:Poland
177:Norway
153:Canada
136:, and
4806:Women
4294:Women
2592:Total
2564:Total
2536:Total
2508:Total
2480:Total
2452:Total
2391:Died
2389:Bornβ
2376:Women
1324:Total
1296:Total
1268:Total
1240:Total
1212:Total
1184:Total
1123:Died
1121:Bornβ
883:beat
791:Medeu
774:bandy
767:bandy
763:Medeu
736:Medeo
730:Italy
669:Hamar
599:Turin
580:Japan
314:from
173:Italy
169:Japan
157:China
57:2007)
5959:2024
5954:2023
5949:2022
5943:2021
5937:2020
5932:2019
5927:2018
5922:2017
5917:2016
5912:2015
5907:2014
5902:2013
5897:2012
5892:2011
5887:2010
5882:2009
5877:2008
5872:2007
5867:2006
5862:2005
5857:2004
5852:2003
5847:2002
5842:2001
5837:2000
5832:1999
5827:1998
5822:1997
5817:1996
5812:1995
5807:1994
5802:1993
5797:1992
5792:1991
5787:1990
5782:1989
5777:1988
5772:1987
5767:1986
5762:1985
5757:1984
5752:1983
5747:1982
5742:1981
5737:1980
5732:1979
5727:1978
5722:1977
5717:1976
5712:1975
5707:1974
5702:1973
5697:1972
5679:2024
5674:2023
5668:2022
5662:2021
5657:2020
5652:2019
5646:2018
5640:2017
5635:2016
5630:2015
5624:2014
5618:2013
5613:2012
5608:2011
5602:2010
5596:2009
5591:2008
5586:2007
5580:2006
5574:2005
5569:2004
5564:2003
5558:2002
5552:2001
5547:2000
5542:1999
5537:1998
5532:1997
5527:1996
5509:2024
5504:2022
5499:2020
5494:2019
5489:2018
5484:2017
5479:2016
5474:2015
5469:2014
5464:2013
5459:2012
5454:2011
5449:2010
5444:2009
5439:2008
5434:2007
5429:2006
5424:2005
5419:2004
5414:2003
5409:2002
5404:2001
5399:2000
5394:1999
5389:1998
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5379:1996
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5364:1993
5359:1992
5354:1991
5349:1990
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5334:1987
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5319:1984
5314:1983
5309:1982
5304:1981
5299:1980
5294:1979
5289:1978
5284:1977
5279:1976
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5269:1974
5264:1973
5259:1972
5254:1971
5249:1970
5227:2024
5222:2022
5217:2020
5212:2019
5207:2018
5202:2017
5197:2016
5192:2015
5187:2014
5182:2013
5177:2012
5172:2011
5167:2010
5162:2009
5157:2008
5152:2007
5147:2006
5142:2005
5137:2004
5132:2003
5127:2002
5122:2001
5117:2000
5112:1999
5107:1998
5102:1997
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5066:1992
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5046:1988
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5036:1986
5031:1985
5026:1984
5021:1983
5016:1982
5011:1981
5006:1980
5001:1979
4996:1978
4991:1977
4986:1976
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4956:1970
4951:1969
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4926:1964
4921:1963
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4911:1961
4906:1960
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4896:1958
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4886:1956
4881:1955
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4856:1950
4851:1949
4846:1948
4841:1947
4829:1939
4824:1938
4819:1937
4814:1936
4796:1995
4791:1994
4786:1993
4781:1992
4776:1991
4771:1990
4766:1989
4761:1988
4756:1987
4751:1986
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4736:1983
4731:1982
4726:1981
4721:1980
4716:1979
4711:1978
4706:1977
4701:1976
4696:1975
4691:1974
4686:1973
4681:1972
4676:1971
4671:1970
4666:1969
4661:1968
4656:1967
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4606:1957
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4581:1952
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4571:1950
4566:1949
4561:1948
4556:1947
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4509:1932
4504:1931
4499:1930
4494:1929
4489:1928
4484:1927
4479:1926
4474:1925
4469:1924
4464:1923
4459:1922
4447:1914
4442:1913
4437:1912
4432:1911
4427:1910
4422:1909
4417:1908
4412:1907
4407:1906
4402:1905
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4387:1902
4382:1901
4377:1900
4372:1899
4367:1898
4362:1897
4357:1896
4352:1895
4347:1894
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4311:1935
4306:1934
4301:1933
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4280:1940
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4258:1889
4191:and
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3940:2013
3812:2016
3786:2016
3760:2016
3729:ISBN
3706:ISBN
3683:ISBN
3660:ISBN
3637:ISBN
3462:1968
3355:1977
3248:1972
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2721:1961
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1871:1944
1766:1968
1455:1958
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823:and
807:and
789:and
490:Oslo
478:rink
458:Rink
348:USOC
253:The
102:1924
6230:ISU
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3546:13
3439:32
3332:45
3225:12
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2910:30
2803:23
2698:34
2268:25
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1108:Men
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738:,
724:,
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6252::
3929:.
3803:.
3777:.
3749:.
3504:5
3433:12
3429:16
3425:21
3415:11
3411:11
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5986:t
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3915:.
3890:.
3873:"
3850:.
3814:.
3788:.
3762:.
3543:1
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1723:-
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1688:3
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1578:5
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1352:3
978:.
793:.
53:(
36:.
20:)
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