674:
651:
40:
1058:. In horse studies, after a single intravenous infusion, the observed tendencies of glycopyrronium followed a tri-exponential equation, by rapid disappearance from the blood followed by a prolonged terminal phase. Excretion was mainly in urine and in the form of an unchanged drug. Glycopyrronium has a relatively slow diffusion rate, and in a standard comparison to
4987:
2113:
904:
The most common side effects include irritability, flushing, blocked nose, reduced secretions in the airways, dry mouth, constipation, diarrhea, vomiting and inability to completely empty the bladder (urinary retention).
3473:
2701:
2106:
4964:
3466:
1859:
2099:
3459:
213:
4959:
1095:
3338:
2694:
743:
826:
4226:
3323:
751:
2687:
3363:
79:
3333:
765:
5037:
4535:
4595:
1234:
1196:
810:
as cation: InChI=1S/C19H28NO3/c1-20(2)13-12-17(14-20)23-18(21)19(22,16-10-6-7-11-16)15-8-4-3-5-9-15/h3-5,8-9,16-17,22H,6-7,10-14H2,1-2H3/q+1
5012:
1848:
1624:
2010:
1486:
Chabicovsky M, Winkler S, Soeberdt M, Kilic A, Masur C, Abels C (May 2019). "Pharmacology, toxicology and clinical safety of glycopyrrolate".
1311:
Text was copied from this source which is copyright
European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
799:
InChI=1S/C19H28NO3.BrH/c1-20(2)13-12-17(14-20)23-18(21)19(22,16-10-6-7-11-16)15-8-4-3-5-9-15;/h3-5,8-9,16-17,22H,6-7,10-14H2,1-2H3;1H/q+1;/p-1
5032:
3417:
3202:
2867:
2821:
2719:
2053:
994:
913:
2138:
2123:
908:
In
September 2012, glycopyrronium was approved for medical use in the European Union. In June 2018, glycopyrronium was approved by the US
2446:
4234:
4230:
3493:
3358:
912:(FDA) to treat excessive underarm sweating, becoming the first drug developed specifically to reduce excessive sweating. It is on the
3482:
3353:
3348:
890:
791:
1432:
1359:
1329:
1152:
1126:
1054:
Glycopyrronium bromide affects the gastrointestinal tracts, liver and kidney but has a very limited effect on the brain and the
5007:
4832:
3403:
3220:
372:
263:
111:
4375:
4284:
3853:
3373:
3343:
4370:
3817:
3313:
130:
1927:"Pharmacological characterization of the muscarinic receptor antagonist, glycopyrrolate, in human and guinea-pig airways"
4954:
2506:
909:
874:
526:
5027:
3434:
2334:
949:
630:
5022:
4977:
4684:
4624:
2985:
2711:
2636:
2398:
898:
66:
976:
4385:
4355:
3803:
2566:
1855:
1453:
1228:
1190:
870:
4928:
4676:
3318:
2933:
2745:
997:(COPD). Doses for inhalation are much lower than oral ones, so that swallowing a dose will not have an effect.
1805:
Kim WO, Kil HK, Yoon KB, Yoon DM (May 2008). "Topical glycopyrrolate for patients with facial hyperhidrosis".
1729:
Maria SA, Claudia C, Pamela G, Andrea C, Roberto A (1 December 2012). "Medical therapy in Ménière's disease".
858:
459:
1974:
Rumpler MJ, Colahan P, Sams RA (June 2014). "The pharmacokinetics of glycopyrrolate in
Standardbred horses".
4245:
4152:
4007:
3422:
2240:
987:
167:
2679:
669:
4708:
3954:
3635:
3388:
3368:
3174:
3129:
3010:
2919:
1594:
1055:
866:
619:
611:
194:
186:
2038:
5017:
4913:
4862:
4798:
4575:
4520:
4240:
3970:
3949:
3795:
3383:
3378:
3328:
3035:
2556:
2527:
2151:
2091:
2081:
450:
206:
4661:
1223:
3725:
1261:
1185:
4908:
4828:
4580:
4425:
3740:
3078:
3068:
2280:
1495:
341:
190:
3720:
1886:"Comparison of nebulized glycopyrrolate and metaproterenol in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"
4923:
4585:
4470:
4280:
4082:
3053:
2602:
2573:
2218:
1039:
862:
646:
389:
174:
3655:
4848:
4773:
4656:
4651:
4565:
4410:
4365:
4187:
4067:
4062:
3838:
3813:
3775:
3715:
3630:
3507:
3485:
3063:
3058:
3043:
3015:
2481:
2315:
2011:"Glycopyrrolate causes prolonged bronchoprotection and bronchodilatation in patients with asthma"
1830:
1746:
1670:
1519:
1406:
961:
882:
141:
4560:
4555:
4265:
4250:
3755:
3750:
3695:
3685:
3645:
3525:
2857:
2663:
4778:
4550:
4295:
3939:
3828:
3650:
3640:
3451:
1537:
Howard J, Wigley J, Rosen G, D'mello J (February 2017). "Glycopyrrolate: It's time to review".
4933:
4793:
4688:
4505:
4400:
4350:
4207:
4117:
4087:
3974:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3560:
3545:
2578:
2520:
2300:
2275:
2073:
2030:
1991:
1956:
1907:
1822:
1787:
1711:
1662:
1616:
1554:
1511:
1398:
1006:
591:
311:
298:
286:
52:
4455:
4022:
3680:
3660:
1294:
4646:
4465:
4420:
3921:
3785:
3550:
3086:
2561:
2436:
2375:
2310:
2193:
2065:
2022:
1983:
1946:
1938:
1897:
1814:
1777:
1738:
1701:
1654:
1606:
1546:
1503:
1461:
1390:
937:
686:
333:
543:
535:
507:
398:
4991:
4806:
4763:
4460:
4430:
4197:
4132:
4122:
4102:
3893:
3857:
3705:
3540:
3030:
2953:
2732:
2471:
1153:"Dartisla ODT- glycopyrrolate orally disintegrating tablets tablet, orally disintegrating"
854:
673:
650:
515:
406:
2009:
Hansel TT, Neighbour H, Erin EM, Tan AJ, Tennant RC, Maus JG, Barnes PJ (October 2005).
1499:
1381:
Bajaj V, Langtry JA (July 2007). "Use of oral glycopyrronium bromide in hyperhidrosis".
4802:
4405:
4345:
4107:
3885:
3881:
3869:
3575:
3428:
3244:
2977:
2801:
2628:
2583:
2476:
1951:
1926:
39:
31:
1706:
1689:
1424:
89:
5001:
4918:
4758:
4744:
4740:
4732:
4680:
4340:
4335:
4202:
4137:
3620:
3535:
3149:
3144:
3119:
3020:
2990:
2958:
2943:
2466:
2366:
2320:
2305:
2270:
2245:
2173:
1818:
1394:
1351:
1321:
1100:
983:
662:
103:
1834:
1750:
1674:
1523:
1410:
4822:
4818:
4752:
4748:
4700:
4692:
4510:
4475:
4390:
4290:
4275:
4212:
4142:
4092:
3997:
3962:
3933:
3929:
3925:
3913:
3730:
3690:
3665:
3282:
3154:
3139:
3114:
2963:
2948:
2847:
2723:
2441:
2260:
2198:
2183:
2127:
1550:
1022:
925:
246:
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
439:
1902:
1885:
1742:
1611:
1595:"Treatment of sialorrhea with glycopyrrolate: A double-blind, dose-ranging study"
431:
4938:
4903:
4883:
4810:
4788:
4783:
4768:
4728:
4704:
4671:
4640:
4632:
4614:
4590:
4540:
4525:
4515:
4485:
4480:
4445:
4330:
4325:
4300:
4270:
4255:
4112:
4072:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4012:
3992:
3917:
3905:
3889:
3873:
3843:
3745:
3710:
3700:
3570:
3257:
3233:
3192:
3182:
3134:
3124:
3005:
3000:
2889:
2838:
2811:
2806:
2646:
2623:
2544:
2501:
2496:
2461:
2390:
2344:
2290:
2285:
2265:
2255:
2208:
1572:
1043:
953:
945:
929:
178:
97:
1766:"Treatment of compensatory gustatory hyperhidrosis with topical glycopyrrolate"
1507:
17:
4898:
4878:
4843:
4736:
4724:
4712:
4619:
4608:
4604:
4545:
4440:
4435:
4415:
4320:
4192:
4147:
4127:
4077:
4032:
3982:
3978:
3966:
3897:
3877:
3865:
3823:
3780:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3735:
3670:
3610:
3555:
3530:
3515:
3297:
3292:
3228:
3187:
3164:
3109:
3091:
2995:
2938:
2899:
2894:
2884:
2879:
2852:
2843:
2833:
2797:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2762:
2757:
2658:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2593:
2491:
2456:
2451:
2431:
2354:
2349:
2203:
2188:
2178:
1782:
1765:
972:
957:
851:
847:
719:
498:
201:
182:
2054:"Comparison of aerosolized glycopyrrolate and metaproterenol in acute asthma"
2026:
1925:
Haddad EB, Patel H, Keeling JE, Yacoub MH, Barnes PJ, Belvisi MG (May 1999).
1593:
Mier RJ, Bachrach SJ, Lakin RC, Barker T, Childs J, Moran M (December 2000).
1458:
World Health
Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021)
479:
4716:
4696:
4666:
4636:
4628:
4530:
4490:
4450:
4395:
4315:
4260:
4217:
4162:
4037:
4027:
4002:
3958:
3909:
3901:
3861:
3848:
3675:
3625:
3580:
3565:
3287:
3277:
3252:
2915:
2792:
2767:
2668:
2651:
2486:
2408:
2385:
2230:
2168:
2069:
965:
354:
83:
2034:
1995:
1960:
1942:
1826:
1791:
1715:
1666:
1620:
1558:
1515:
1402:
2077:
1911:
1884:
Tzelepis G, Komanapolli S, Tyler D, Vega D, Fulambarker A (January 1996).
4892:
4838:
4814:
4570:
4500:
4360:
4097:
4017:
3986:
3944:
3833:
3210:
3101:
2736:
2539:
2426:
2235:
1690:"Oral glycopyrrolate alleviates drooling in a patient with tongue cancer"
1063:
1059:
1018:
1010:
470:
125:
1466:
487:
4888:
4868:
4720:
4495:
4380:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
3615:
2295:
1062:, is more resistant to penetration through the blood-brain barrier and
941:
417:
1987:
1658:
4157:
3808:
3398:
2923:
2715:
1645:
Tscheng DZ (November 2002). "Sialorrhea - therapeutic drug options".
1127:"Robinul- glycopyrrolate tablet Robinul Forte- glycopyrrolate tablet"
1075:
933:
878:
602:
571:
563:
4310:
4305:
3520:
3393:
2927:
1014:
750:
742:
733:
582:
554:
317:
292:
4596:
3455:
2683:
2095:
305:
120:
968:
reaction, which often will also increase the blood pressure.
1025:, blurry vision are possible side effects of the medication.
861:
and consequently has few to no central effects. It is given
635:
272:
152:
3494:
779:
as cation: C1(CCC(C1)OC(=O)C(C2CCCC2)(C3=CC=CC=C3)O)C
1218:
1216:
1214:
2052:
Gilman MJ, Meyer L, Carter J, Slovis C (November 1990).
1256:
1254:
1252:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1174:
281:
914:
833:
4386:
Octatropine methylbromide (anisotropine methylbromide)
1425:"FDA OKs first drug made to reduce excessive sweating"
952:, to prevent neostigmine's muscarinic effects such as
932:
glycopyrronium has been used before surgery to reduce
4975:
4861:
3794:
3506:
3492:
3339:
Fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol
3306:
3270:
3242:
3219:
3201:
3173:
3163:
3100:
3077:
3029:
2976:
2908:
2866:
2820:
2744:
2731:
2592:
2519:
2419:
2363:
2333:
2217:
2159:
2150:
2135:
1976:
Journal of
Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
1121:
1119:
731:
718:
685:
680:
661:
629:
601:
581:
553:
525:
497:
469:
458:
449:
416:
388:
363:
353:
340:
332:
262:
257:
212:
200:
166:
140:
110:
96:
78:
61:
51:
46:
1849:"EPAR – Product information for Seebri Breezhaler"
4576:Scopolamine butylbromide (hyoscine butylbromide)
1599:Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
944:secretions. It is also used in conjunction with
438:
430:
4601:Tooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
3324:Beclometasone/formoterol/glycopyrronium bromide
1764:Kim WO, Kil HK, Yoon DM, Cho MJ (August 2003).
1289:
1287:
1285:
1283:
982:It has been used topically and orally to treat
924:Glycopyrronium was first used in 1961 to treat
405:
397:
1481:
1479:
1477:
4965:Acetylcholine metabolism/transport modulators
3467:
3364:Indacaterol/glycopyrronium bromide/mometasone
2695:
2107:
8:
3334:Budesonide/glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol
971:It is also used to reduce excessive saliva (
129:
30:
4960:Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators
773:C1(CCC(C1)OC(=O)C(C2CCCC2)(C3=CC=CC=C3)O)C.
325:In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
4536:3-Quinuclidinyl thiochromane-4-carboxylate
3503:
3499:Tooltip Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors
3474:
3460:
3452:
3170:
2741:
2702:
2688:
2680:
2156:
2147:
2114:
2100:
2092:
672:
649:
514:
506:
38:
1950:
1901:
1781:
1705:
1610:
1465:
542:
534:
4982:
1087:
796:
770:
645:
486:
478:
377:
102:
3203:Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors
1694:Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
993:In inhalable form it is used to treat
956:. It can be administered to raise the
663:
359:85% Kidney, unknown amount in the bile
29:
2124:functional gastrointestinal disorders
1460:. Geneva: World Health Organization.
1237:from the original on 29 February 2020
1199:from the original on 29 February 2020
995:chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
950:neuromuscular blocking reversal agent
618:
610:
590:
88:
70:
7:
3399:Theophylline/ephedrine/phenobarbital
1688:Olsen AK, Sjøgren P (October 1999).
1038:Glycopyrronium competitively blocks
380:3--1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium bromide
245:
235:
225:
2447:Dimethylaminopropionylphenothiazine
1488:Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
1362:from the original on 17 August 2021
1332:from the original on 17 August 2021
570:
562:
421:
3394:Theophylline/ephedrine/hydroxyzine
3359:Indacaterol/glycopyrronium bromide
1807:The British Journal of Dermatology
1383:The British Journal of Dermatology
25:
5038:Phenylcyclopentylglycolate esters
4198:Etybenzatropine (ethybenztropine)
3870:chlorphenamine (chlorpheniramine)
3854:Antihistamines (first-generation)
3631:Desmethylclozapine (norclozapine)
3483:Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
3384:Salbutamol (albuterol)/budesonide
3354:Glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol
3349:Fluticasone propionate/salmeterol
1865:from the original on 30 July 2018
4985:
3221:Thromboxane receptor antagonists
1890:The European Respiratory Journal
1819:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08476.x
1573:"Robinul for Reflex Tachycardia"
1395:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07884.x
1322:"Glycopyrrolate Oral Inhalation"
706:
697:
57:Robinul, Cuvposa, Seebri, others
4919:Meclofenoxate (centrophenoxine)
4737:northiaden (desmethyldosulepin)
3404:Umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol
1931:British Journal of Pharmacology
1627:from the original on 2011-08-10
1435:from the original on 2018-07-02
815:Key:ANGKOCUUWGHLCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
804:Key:VPNYRYCIDCJBOM-UHFFFAOYSA-M
703:
4376:N-Methyl-3-piperidyl benzilate
3374:Ipratropium bromide/salbutamol
3344:Fluticasone furoate/vilanterol
2959:Orciprenaline (metaproterenol)
2603:Primarily dopamine antagonists
2552:Quaternary ammonium compounds:
1551:10.1016/j.jclinane.2016.09.013
1539:Journal of Clinical Anesthesia
709:
691:
1:
5013:Quaternary ammonium compounds
4955:Receptor/signaling modulators
4371:N-Ethyl-3-piperidyl benzilate
3314:Aclidinium bromide/formoterol
2802:Levosalbutamol (levalbuterol)
1707:10.1016/S0885-3924(99)00080-9
1647:The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
865:, via intravenous injection,
857:group. It does not cross the
5033:Peripherally selective drugs
4811:cyamemazine (cyamepromazine)
2949:Isoprenaline (isoproterenol)
2507:Trimethyldiphenylpropylamine
1903:10.1183/09031936.96.09010100
1743:10.3109/1651386X.2012.718413
1612:10.1001/archpedi.154.12.1214
910:Food and Drug Administration
875:quaternary ammonium compound
4625:Tetracyclic antidepressants
4516:Profenamine (ethopropazine)
4138:Dicycloverine (dicyclomine)
2924:+theophylline/phenobarbital
2712:obstructive airway diseases
5054:
4774:Tripitamine (tripitramine)
3998:Benzatropine (benztropine)
1508:10.1016/j.taap.2019.03.016
1470:. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.
681:Chemical and physical data
4947:
4677:Tricyclic antidepressants
4227:+beclometasone/formoterol
3804:3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate
3412:
1856:European Medicines Agency
1783:10.3349/ymj.2003.44.4.579
1454:World Health Organization
1299:European Medicines Agency
1266:European Medicines Agency
1229:European Medicines Agency
1224:"Tovanor Breezhaler EPAR"
1191:European Medicines Agency
823:
787:
761:
368:
37:
4929:Phosphatidylethanolamine
3319:Beclometasone/formoterol
2928:theophylline/hydroxyzine
2868:Ultra-long-acting β
2027:10.1378/chest.128.4.1974
1352:"Glycopyrronium Topical"
1262:"Enurev Breezhaler EPAR"
1186:"Seebri Breezhaler EPAR"
1096:"Neurological therapies"
4153:Diphemanil metilsulfate
4008:Benzilylcholine mustard
3955:Atypical antipsychotics
3175:Leukotriene antagonists
2070:10.1378/chest.98.5.1095
1074:It has been studied in
988:gustatory hyperhidrosis
5008:Muscarinic antagonists
4799:Typical antipsychotics
4571:Scopolamine (hyoscine)
4246:Hexahydrosiladifenidol
4223:Glycopyrronium bromide
3389:Theophylline/ephedrine
3369:Indacaterol/mometasone
3130:Choline theophyllinate
3049:Glycopyrronium bromide
3011:Fluticasone propionate
2798:Salbutamol (albuterol)
1943:10.1038/sj.bjp.0702573
1770:Yonsei Medical Journal
1056:central nervous system
881:, which is the active
844:Glycopyrronium bromide
32:Glycopyrronium bromide
4914:Glycerophosphocholine
4717:dosulepin (dothiepin)
4521:Propantheline bromide
4396:Otenzepad (AF-DX 116)
3950:Atropine methonitrate
3379:Mometasone/formoterol
3329:Budesonide/formoterol
3079:Mast cell stabilizers
3036:muscarinic antagonist
1858:. 28 September 2012.
1731:Audiological Medicine
1233:. 17 September 2018.
1195:. 17 September 2018.
4909:Dimethylethanolamine
4829:Umeclidinium bromide
4709:desmethyldesipramine
4426:Oxyphenonium bromide
3636:Ethoxysebacylcholine
3307:Combination products
3069:Umeclidinium bromide
1040:muscarinic receptors
873:. It is a synthetic
207:Antimuscarinic agent
4924:Phosphatidylcholine
4586:Sofpironium bromide
4471:Pipenzolate bromide
4281:Ipratropium bromide
4083:Cimetropium bromide
3054:Ipratropium bromide
2746:Short-acting β
2574:Cimetropium bromide
2367:serotonin receptors
1500:2019ToxAP.370..154C
1301:. 17 September 2018
1268:. 17 September 2018
1034:Mechanism of action
859:blood–brain barrier
301:(Prescription only)
34:
5028:Carboxylate esters
4657:Tiotropium bromide
4652:Timepidium bromide
4411:Oxitropium bromide
4366:Muscarinic toxin 7
4241:Hexahydrodifenidol
4188:Emepronium bromide
3839:Ambutonium bromide
3814:Aclidinium bromide
3439:Never to phase III
3064:Tiotropium bromide
3059:Oxitropium bromide
3044:Aclidinium bromide
2822:Long-acting β
2482:Pinaverium bromide
1042:, thus inhibiting
962:reflex bradycardia
5023:Tertiary alcohols
4973:
4972:
4934:Phosphorylcholine
4872:
4857:
4856:
4794:Trospium chloride
4689:amitriptylinoxide
4662:Tiquizium bromide
4506:Prifinium bromide
4401:Otilonium bromide
4356:Methylscopolamine
4351:Methylhomatropine
4208:Fentonium bromide
4088:Clidinium bromide
3449:
3448:
3266:
3265:
2972:
2971:
2677:
2676:
2579:Fentonium bromide
2567:Methylscopolamine
2515:
2514:
2335:Phosphodiesterase
2329:
2328:
1988:10.1111/jvp.12085
1659:10.1345/aph.1C019
1653:(11): 1785–1790.
1605:(12): 1214–1218.
1159:. 9 December 2021
1007:urinary retention
986:, in particular,
977:Ménière's disease
964:as a result of a
841:
840:
752:Interactive image
744:Interactive image
631:CompTox Dashboard
321:
309:
296:
284:
276:
156:
123:
73:
27:Chemical compound
16:(Redirected from
5045:
4990:
4989:
4988:
4981:
4866:
4647:Tiemonium iodide
4602:
4598:
4466:Phenyltoloxamine
4421:Oxyphencyclimine
3922:phenyltoloxamine
3726:Suberyldicholine
3504:
3500:
3496:
3476:
3469:
3462:
3453:
3171:
3031:Anticholinergics
2742:
2704:
2697:
2690:
2681:
2562:Butylscopolamine
2537:Tertiary amines:
2437:Chlorbenzoxamine
2194:Oxyphencyclimine
2157:
2148:
2116:
2109:
2102:
2093:
2086:
2085:
2080:. Archived from
2064:(5): 1095–1098.
2049:
2043:
2042:
2037:. Archived from
2021:(4): 1974–1979.
2006:
2000:
1999:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1954:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1905:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1864:
1853:
1845:
1839:
1838:
1813:(5): 1094–1097.
1802:
1796:
1795:
1785:
1761:
1755:
1754:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1709:
1685:
1679:
1678:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1614:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1483:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1450:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1440:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1348:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1318:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1291:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1258:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1220:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1182:
1169:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1123:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1092:
1050:Pharmacokinetics
975:), and to treat
938:tracheobronchial
837:
836:
829:
754:
749:as cation:
746:
726:
711:
708:
705:
699:
693:
676:
665:
654:
653:
639:
637:
622:
617:as cation:
614:
594:
574:
569:as cation:
566:
546:
541:as cation:
538:
518:
513:as cation:
510:
490:
485:as cation:
482:
462:
442:
437:as cation:
434:
424:
423:
409:
404:as cation:
401:
345:
319:
316:
307:
304:
294:
291:
283:
280:
274:
271:
249:
239:
229:
154:
151:
133:
122:
119:
106:
92:
72:
69:
65:glycopyrrolate (
42:
35:
33:
21:
5053:
5052:
5048:
5047:
5046:
5044:
5043:
5042:
4998:
4997:
4996:
4986:
4984:
4976:
4974:
4969:
4943:
4865:
4853:
4807:chlorprothixene
4764:Trihexyphenidyl
4600:
4581:Silahexacyclium
4461:Phenglutarimide
4123:Desfesoterodine
4103:Cyclobenzaprine
3894:diphenhydramine
3858:brompheniramine
3790:
3741:Thiopilocarpine
3498:
3488:
3480:
3450:
3445:
3444:
3429:Clinical trials
3408:
3302:
3262:
3245:PDE4 inhibitors
3238:
3215:
3197:
3159:
3096:
3073:
3034:
3025:
2978:Glucocorticoids
2968:
2954:Methylephedrine
2904:
2871:
2862:
2825:
2816:
2749:
2727:
2708:
2678:
2673:
2640:
2588:
2528:antimuscarinics
2525:
2524:and derivatives
2523:
2511:
2472:Mentha piperita
2415:
2402:
2379:
2365:
2359:
2336:
2325:
2223:
2220:
2213:
2161:
2152:Antimuscarinics
2142:
2140:
2137:
2131:
2120:
2090:
2089:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2008:
2007:
2003:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1851:
1847:
1846:
1842:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1728:
1727:
1723:
1687:
1686:
1682:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1630:
1628:
1592:
1591:
1587:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1485:
1484:
1475:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1438:
1436:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1365:
1363:
1350:
1349:
1345:
1335:
1333:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1304:
1302:
1295:"Sialanar EPAR"
1293:
1292:
1281:
1271:
1269:
1260:
1259:
1250:
1240:
1238:
1222:
1221:
1212:
1202:
1200:
1184:
1183:
1172:
1162:
1160:
1151:
1150:
1146:
1136:
1134:
1125:
1124:
1117:
1107:
1105:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1072:
1052:
1036:
1031:
1003:
922:
855:anticholinergic
832:
830:
827:(what is this?)
824:
819:
816:
811:
808:
805:
800:
795:
794:
783:
780:
777:
774:
769:
768:
757:
724:
714:
702:
696:
657:
633:
625:
597:
577:
549:
521:
493:
465:
445:
420:
412:
384:
381:
376:
375:
343:
334:Pharmacokinetic
328:
253:
169:
162:
143:
136:
28:
23:
22:
18:Lonhala Magnair
15:
12:
11:
5:
5051:
5049:
5041:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5000:
4999:
4995:
4994:
4971:
4970:
4968:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4948:
4945:
4944:
4942:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4886:
4881:
4875:
4873:
4859:
4858:
4855:
4854:
4852:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4826:
4803:chlorpromazine
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4406:Oxapium iodide
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4346:Methylatropine
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4108:Cyclopentolate
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3886:dimenhydrinate
3882:cyproheptadine
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3811:
3806:
3800:
3798:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3721:Sebacylcholine
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3576:Butyrylcholine
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3512:
3510:
3501:
3490:
3489:
3481:
3479:
3478:
3471:
3464:
3456:
3447:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3441:
3440:
3437:
3426:
3420:
3414:
3413:
3410:
3409:
3407:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3310:
3308:
3304:
3303:
3301:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3274:
3272:
3271:Others/unknown
3268:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3261:
3260:
3255:
3249:
3247:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3236:
3231:
3225:
3223:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3213:
3207:
3205:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3179:
3177:
3168:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3106:
3104:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3094:
3089:
3083:
3081:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3040:
3038:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2982:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2912:
2910:
2906:
2905:
2903:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2876:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2841:
2836:
2830:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2754:
2752:
2747:
2739:
2729:
2728:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2684:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2655:
2654:
2649:
2638:
2633:
2632:
2631:
2629:Metoclopramide
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2598:
2596:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2586:
2584:Methylatropine
2581:
2576:
2571:
2570:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2548:
2547:
2542:
2533:
2531:
2517:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2477:Phloroglucinol
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2423:
2421:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2412:
2411:
2400:
2395:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2377:
2371:
2369:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2341:
2339:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2251:Glycopyrronium
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2227:
2225:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2165:
2163:
2154:
2145:
2133:
2132:
2121:
2119:
2118:
2111:
2104:
2096:
2088:
2087:
2084:on 2013-04-14.
2044:
2041:on 2013-04-14.
2001:
1982:(3): 260–268.
1966:
1937:(2): 413–420.
1917:
1896:(1): 100–103.
1876:
1840:
1797:
1776:(4): 579–582.
1756:
1737:(4): 171–177.
1721:
1700:(4): 300–302.
1680:
1637:
1585:
1564:
1529:
1473:
1445:
1416:
1389:(1): 118–121.
1373:
1343:
1313:
1279:
1248:
1210:
1170:
1144:
1115:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1071:
1068:
1051:
1048:
1046:transmission.
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1002:
999:
928:. Since 1975,
921:
918:
895:glycopyrrolate
887:glycopyrronium
839:
838:
821:
820:
818:
817:
814:
812:
809:
806:
803:
801:
798:
790:
789:
788:
785:
784:
782:
781:
778:
775:
772:
764:
763:
762:
759:
758:
756:
755:
747:
739:
737:
729:
728:
722:
716:
715:
712:
700:
694:
689:
683:
682:
678:
677:
667:
659:
658:
656:
655:
642:
640:
627:
626:
624:
623:
615:
607:
605:
599:
598:
596:
595:
587:
585:
579:
578:
576:
575:
567:
559:
557:
551:
550:
548:
547:
539:
531:
529:
523:
522:
520:
519:
511:
503:
501:
495:
494:
492:
491:
483:
475:
473:
467:
466:
464:
463:
455:
453:
447:
446:
444:
443:
435:
427:
425:
414:
413:
411:
410:
402:
394:
392:
386:
385:
383:
382:
379:
371:
370:
369:
366:
365:
361:
360:
357:
351:
350:
347:
338:
337:
330:
329:
327:
326:
323:
314:
302:
289:
278:
268:
266:
260:
259:
255:
254:
252:
251:
218:
216:
210:
209:
204:
198:
197:
172:
170:administration
164:
163:
161:
160:
158:
148:
146:
138:
137:
135:
134:
131:Glycopyrrolate
116:
114:
108:
107:
100:
94:
93:
86:
76:
75:
63:
59:
58:
55:
49:
48:
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5050:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5005:
5003:
4993:
4983:
4979:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4950:
4949:
4946:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4894:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4876:
4874:
4870:
4864:
4860:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4834:
4830:
4827:
4824:
4820:
4816:
4812:
4808:
4804:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4759:Tridihexethyl
4757:
4754:
4750:
4746:
4745:protriptyline
4742:
4741:nortriptyline
4738:
4734:
4733:nitroxazepine
4730:
4726:
4722:
4718:
4714:
4710:
4706:
4702:
4698:
4694:
4690:
4686:
4685:+perphenazine
4682:
4681:amitriptyline
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4642:
4638:
4634:
4630:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4610:
4606:
4599:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4341:Methoctramine
4339:
4337:
4336:Methantheline
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4311:Mamba toxin 7
4309:
4307:
4306:Mamba toxin 3
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4286:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4236:
4232:
4228:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4203:Fenpiverinium
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3988:
3984:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3935:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3903:
3899:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3819:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3797:
3793:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3621:cis-Dioxolane
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3536:Acetylcholine
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3513:
3511:
3509:
3505:
3502:
3497:
3491:
3487:
3484:
3477:
3472:
3470:
3465:
3463:
3458:
3457:
3454:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3415:
3411:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3305:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3269:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3250:
3248:
3246:
3243:Non-xanthine
3241:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3224:
3222:
3218:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3204:
3200:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3180:
3178:
3176:
3172:
3169:
3166:
3162:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3150:Proxyphylline
3148:
3146:
3145:Etamiphylline
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3120:Aminophylline
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3099:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3080:
3076:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3037:
3032:
3028:
3022:
3021:Triamcinolone
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2991:Betamethasone
2989:
2987:
2986:Beclometasone
2984:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2975:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2944:Hexoprenaline
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2920:+theophylline
2917:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2907:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2873:
2865:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2831:
2829:
2827:
2819:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2705:
2700:
2698:
2693:
2691:
2686:
2685:
2682:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2634:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2553:
2550:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2522:
2518:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2467:Isometheptene
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2418:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2405:
2404:
2396:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2383:
2382:
2381:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2362:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2338:
2332:
2322:
2321:Tridihexethyl
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2306:Propantheline
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2271:Methantheline
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2246:Fenpiverinium
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2222:
2216:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2174:Dicycloverine
2172:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2134:
2129:
2125:
2117:
2112:
2110:
2105:
2103:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2048:
2045:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2005:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1970:
1967:
1962:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1921:
1918:
1913:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1880:
1877:
1861:
1857:
1850:
1844:
1841:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1801:
1798:
1793:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1760:
1757:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
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1725:
1722:
1717:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1684:
1681:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1641:
1638:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1589:
1586:
1578:September 13,
1574:
1568:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1533:
1530:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1474:
1468:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1449:
1446:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1420:
1417:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1377:
1374:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1347:
1344:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1317:
1314:
1300:
1296:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1267:
1263:
1257:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1236:
1232:
1230:
1225:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1187:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1158:
1154:
1148:
1145:
1133:. 1 June 2021
1132:
1128:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1103:
1102:
1101:Health Canada
1097:
1091:
1088:
1081:
1079:
1077:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1033:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1000:
998:
996:
991:
989:
985:
984:hyperhidrosis
980:
978:
974:
969:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
926:peptic ulcers
919:
917:
915:
911:
906:
902:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
853:
849:
845:
835:
828:
822:
813:
807:
802:
797:
793:
786:
776:
771:
767:
760:
753:
748:
745:
741:
740:
738:
735:
730:
723:
721:
717:
690:
688:
684:
679:
675:
671:
668:
666:
664:ECHA InfoCard
660:
652:
648:
647:DTXSID6023109
644:
643:
641:
632:
628:
621:
620:ChEMBL1201335
616:
613:
612:ChEMBL1201027
609:
608:
606:
604:
600:
593:
589:
588:
586:
584:
580:
573:
568:
565:
561:
560:
558:
556:
552:
545:
540:
537:
533:
532:
530:
528:
524:
517:
512:
509:
505:
504:
502:
500:
496:
489:
484:
481:
477:
476:
474:
472:
468:
461:
457:
456:
454:
452:
448:
441:
436:
433:
429:
428:
426:
419:
415:
408:
403:
400:
396:
395:
393:
391:
387:
378:
374:
367:
362:
358:
356:
352:
349:0.6–1.2 hours
348:
346:
339:
335:
331:
324:
322: Rx-only
315:
313:
303:
300:
290:
288:
279:
277: S3 / S4
270:
269:
267:
265:
261:
256:
248:
243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
220:
219:
217:
215:
211:
208:
205:
203:
199:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
173:
171:
165:
159:
150:
149:
147:
145:
139:
132:
127:
118:
117:
115:
113:
109:
105:
101:
99:
95:
91:
87:
85:
81:
77:
68:
64:
60:
56:
54:
50:
47:Clinical data
45:
41:
36:
19:
5018:Pyrrolidines
4823:thioridazine
4819:mesoridazine
4753:trimipramine
4749:quinupramine
4701:clomipramine
4693:butriptyline
4511:Procyclidine
4476:Piperidolate
4391:Orphenadrine
4291:Isopropamide
4276:Imidafenacin
4235:+neostigmine
4231:+indacaterol
4222:
4213:Fesoterodine
4143:Dihexyverine
4093:Cloperastine
3963:fluperlapine
3934:triprolidine
3930:propiomazine
3926:promethazine
3914:phenindamine
3731:Talsaclidine
3691:Oxotremorine
3666:Methacholine
3656:LY-2,033,298
3283:Ensifentrine
3155:Theophylline
3140:Enprofylline
3115:Ambuphylline
3087:Cromoglicate
3048:
2964:Racephedrine
2848:Arformoterol
2635:
2601:
2551:
2536:
2442:Diisopromine
2397:
2374:
2281:Oxyphenonium
2261:Isopropamide
2250:
2199:Piperidolate
2184:Dihexyverine
2082:the original
2061:
2057:
2047:
2039:the original
2018:
2014:
2004:
1979:
1975:
1969:
1934:
1930:
1920:
1893:
1889:
1879:
1867:. Retrieved
1843:
1810:
1806:
1800:
1773:
1769:
1759:
1734:
1730:
1724:
1697:
1693:
1683:
1650:
1646:
1640:
1629:. Retrieved
1602:
1598:
1588:
1576:. Retrieved
1567:
1542:
1538:
1532:
1491:
1487:
1467:10665/345533
1457:
1448:
1437:. Retrieved
1428:
1419:
1386:
1382:
1376:
1364:. Retrieved
1355:
1346:
1334:. Retrieved
1325:
1316:
1303:. Retrieved
1298:
1270:. Retrieved
1265:
1239:. Retrieved
1227:
1201:. Retrieved
1189:
1161:. Retrieved
1156:
1147:
1135:. Retrieved
1130:
1106:. Retrieved
1104:. 9 May 2018
1099:
1090:
1073:
1053:
1037:
1029:Pharmacology
1023:constipation
1004:
1001:Side effects
992:
981:
970:
923:
920:Medical uses
907:
903:
894:
886:
885:, is called
843:
842:
831:
825:
480:DBSALT001183
342:Elimination
264:Legal status
258:Legal status
195:subcutaneous
112:License data
4939:Pirisudanol
4904:Cyprodenate
4884:Adafenoxate
4849:Zamifenacin
4833:+vilanterol
4789:Tropicamide
4784:Tropatepine
4769:Trimebutine
4729:lofepramine
4705:desipramine
4672:Tolterodine
4641:mirtazapine
4633:maprotiline
4615:Telenzepine
4591:Solifenacin
4566:SCH-217,443
4541:Revefenacin
4526:Propiverine
4486:Piroheptine
4481:Pirenzepine
4446:Penthienate
4331:Mepenzolate
4326:Meladrazine
4301:Hyoscyamine
4285:+salbutamol
4271:Homatropine
4256:Hexocyclium
4113:Darifenacin
4073:CAR-302,668
4068:CAR-302,537
4063:CAR-302,368
4058:CAR-302,282
4053:CAR-302,196
4048:CAR-301,060
4043:CAR-226,086
4013:Benzydamine
3993:Benactyzine
3971:+fluoxetine
3918:pheniramine
3906:mequitazine
3890:dimetindene
3874:cinnarizine
3844:Anisodamine
3818:+formoterol
3796:Antagonists
3776:WAY-132,983
3746:Vedaclidine
3716:SDZ 210-086
3711:Sabcomeline
3701:Pilocarpine
3571:Bethanechol
3425:from market
3258:Roflumilast
3234:Seratrodast
3193:Zafirlukast
3183:Montelukast
3135:Doxofylline
3125:Bamifylline
3006:Flunisolide
3001:Ciclesonide
2934:Epinephrine
2890:Indacaterol
2839:Clenbuterol
2812:Tulobuterol
2807:Terbutaline
2733:Adrenergics
2647:Cinitapride
2624:Domperidone
2594:Propulsives
2557:Scopolamine
2545:Hyoscyamine
2502:Trepibutone
2497:Tiropramide
2462:Idanpramine
2391:Cilansetron
2380:antagonists
2345:Drotaverine
2291:Pipenzolate
2286:Penthienate
2266:Mepenzolate
2256:Hexocyclium
2209:Trimebutine
2162:amino group
1494:: 154–169.
1356:MedlinePlus
1326:MedlinePlus
1241:28 February
1203:28 February
1044:cholinergic
1005:Dry mouth,
954:bradycardia
946:neostigmine
930:intravenous
867:on the skin
727: g·mol
670:100.008.990
592:CHEBI:90972
364:Identifiers
179:intravenous
98:MedlinePlus
62:Other names
53:Trade names
5002:Categories
4899:Citicoline
4879:Acetyl-coA
4863:Precursors
4844:Xanomeline
4725:imipramine
4713:dibenzepin
4620:Terodiline
4609:paroxetine
4605:femoxetine
4561:SCH-72,788
4556:SCH-57,790
4546:Rociverine
4441:PD-0298029
4436:PD-102,807
4416:Oxybutynin
4321:Mebeverine
4266:HL-031,120
4251:Hexbutinol
4193:Etanautine
4148:Difemerine
4128:Dexetimide
4078:Caramiphen
4033:Bornaprine
3983:tenilapine
3979:quetiapine
3967:olanzapine
3898:doxylamine
3878:clemastine
3866:captodiame
3824:Abediterol
3781:Xanomeline
3771:VU-0238429
3766:VU-0152100
3761:VU-0152099
3756:VU-0090157
3751:VU-0029767
3736:Tazomeline
3696:PD-151,832
3686:Ocvimeline
3671:Milameline
3646:LY-593,039
3611:Cevimeline
3556:Alvameline
3531:Aceclidine
3526:AC-260,584
3516:77-LH-28-1
3486:modulators
3298:Omalizumab
3293:Fenspiride
3229:Ramatroban
3188:Pranlukast
3167:inhibition
3165:Eicosanoid
3110:Acefylline
3092:Nedocromil
3016:Mometasone
2996:Budesonide
2939:Etafedrine
2900:Vilanterol
2895:Olodaterol
2885:Carmoterol
2880:Abediterol
2858:Salmefamol
2853:Salmeterol
2844:Formoterol
2834:Bambuterol
2788:Reproterol
2783:Procaterol
2778:Pirbuterol
2773:Isoetarine
2763:Carbuterol
2758:Bitolterol
2710:Drugs for
2664:Ilebopride
2659:Acotiamide
2619:Clebopride
2614:Bromopride
2609:Alizapride
2521:Belladonna
2492:Simeticone
2457:Fenpiprane
2452:Fenoverine
2432:Caroverine
2355:Papaverine
2350:Moxaverine
2337:inhibitors
2316:Timepidium
2241:Diphemanil
2219:Quaternary
2204:Rociverine
2189:Mebeverine
2179:Difemerine
2139:functional
2122:Drugs for
1869:4 February
1631:2008-11-26
1439:2018-07-02
1305:29 January
1272:29 January
1082:References
973:sialorrhea
958:heart rate
942:pharyngeal
871:inhalation
869:, and via
852:muscarinic
848:medication
732:3D model (
720:Molar mass
544:A14FB57V1D
536:V92SO9WP2I
499:ChemSpider
451:IUPHAR/BPS
399:51186-83-5
390:CAS Number
373:IUPAC name
202:Drug class
183:inhalation
4779:Tropacine
4697:cidoxepin
4667:Tofenacin
4637:mianserin
4629:amoxapine
4551:RU-47,213
4531:Quinidine
4491:Pizotifen
4451:Pethidine
4316:Mazaticol
4296:J-104,129
4261:Himbacine
4218:Flavoxate
4163:Drofenine
4038:Camylofin
4028:Biperiden
4003:Benzilone
3959:clozapine
3940:AQ-RA 741
3910:perlapine
3902:meclizine
3862:buclizine
3849:Anisodine
3834:AF-DX 384
3829:AF-DX 250
3676:Muscarine
3651:L-689,660
3641:Itameline
3626:Clozapine
3581:Carbachol
3566:Arecoline
3435:Phase III
3423:Withdrawn
3288:Eprozinol
3278:Amlexanox
3253:Ibudilast
3102:Xanthines
2916:Ephedrine
2793:Rimiterol
2768:Fenoterol
2737:inhalants
2669:Mosapride
2652:Cisapride
2487:Proxazole
2409:Mosapride
2386:Alosetron
2364:Acting on
2311:Tiemonium
2301:Prifinium
2276:Otilonium
2231:Benzilone
2224:compounds
2169:Camylofin
2143:disorders
2136:Drugs for
1545:: 51–53.
1011:headaches
966:vasovagal
355:Excretion
344:half-life
191:injection
168:Routes of
142:Pregnancy
90:Monograph
84:Drugs.com
4992:Medicine
4951:See also
4893:lecithin
4869:prodrugs
4839:WIN-2299
4815:loxapine
4501:Pridinol
4361:Metixene
4118:DAU-5884
4098:CS-27349
4018:Bevonium
3987:zotepine
3975:rilapine
3945:Atropine
3606:CDD-0102
3601:CDD-0098
3596:CDD-0097
3591:CDD-0078
3586:CDD-0034
3561:AQRA-741
3546:AF150(S)
3508:Agonists
3211:Zileuton
2872:agonists
2826:agonists
2750:agonists
2641:agonists
2540:Atropine
2427:Alverine
2403:agonists
2236:Bevonium
2221:ammonium
2160:Tertiary
2035:16236844
1996:24325462
1961:10385241
1860:Archived
1835:39870296
1827:18294315
1792:12950111
1751:72380413
1716:10534970
1675:45799443
1667:12398577
1625:Archived
1621:11115305
1559:28183573
1524:85498396
1516:30905688
1456:(2021).
1433:Archived
1411:29080876
1403:17459043
1360:Archived
1330:Archived
1235:Archived
1197:Archived
1157:DailyMed
1131:DailyMed
1108:13 April
1070:Research
1064:placenta
1060:atropine
1019:diarrhea
1015:vomiting
934:salivary
863:by mouth
834:(verify)
471:DrugBank
407:596-51-0
214:ATC code
175:By mouth
157: B2
144:category
126:DailyMed
4889:Choline
4801:(e.g.,
4721:doxepin
4679:(e.g.,
4627:(e.g.,
4603:(e.g.,
4496:Poldine
4456:pFHHSiD
4381:Nefopam
4183:EA-3834
4178:EA-3580
4173:EA-3443
4168:EA-3167
4023:BIBN 99
3957:(e.g.,
3856:(e.g.,
3681:NGX-267
3661:McNA343
3616:Choline
2296:Poldine
2078:2225951
1952:1566042
1912:8834341
1496:Bibcode
1429:AP News
1366:20 June
1336:20 June
1163:20 June
1137:20 June
850:of the
725:398.341
687:Formula
488:DB00986
418:PubChem
285::
244: (
242:R03BB06
234: (
232:D11AA01
230:)
224: (
222:A03AB02
187:topical
128::
104:a602014
4978:Portal
4158:Ditran
3809:4-DAMP
3786:YM-796
3551:AF267B
3495:mAChRs
3418:WHO-EM
2716:asthma
2141:bowel
2076:
2033:
1994:
1959:
1949:
1910:
1833:
1825:
1790:
1749:
1714:
1673:
1665:
1619:
1557:
1522:
1514:
1409:
1401:
1076:asthma
940:, and
883:moiety
879:cation
877:. The
766:SMILES
603:ChEMBL
572:D10938
564:D00540
312:℞-only
310:
297:
287:℞-only
124:
4867:(and
4597:SSRIs
3521:AC-42
2909:Other
2420:Other
2058:Chest
2015:Chest
1863:(PDF)
1852:(PDF)
1831:S2CID
1747:S2CID
1671:S2CID
1520:S2CID
1407:S2CID
1231:(EMA)
1193:(EMA)
893:) or
846:is a
792:InChI
734:JSmol
583:ChEBI
508:11201
440:11693
4431:PBID
4133:DIBD
3706:RS86
3541:AF30
2720:COPD
2637:5-HT
2399:5-HT
2376:5-HT
2074:PMID
2031:PMID
1992:PMID
1957:PMID
1908:PMID
1871:2017
1823:PMID
1788:PMID
1712:PMID
1663:PMID
1617:PMID
1580:2024
1555:PMID
1512:PMID
1399:PMID
1368:2022
1338:2022
1307:2023
1274:2023
1243:2020
1205:2020
1165:2022
1139:2022
1110:2024
948:, a
899:USAN
555:KEGG
527:UNII
516:3374
460:7459
432:3494
336:data
80:AHFS
67:USAN
4687:),
3973:),
2724:R03
2128:A03
2066:doi
2023:doi
2019:128
1984:doi
1947:PMC
1939:doi
1935:127
1898:doi
1815:doi
1811:158
1778:doi
1739:doi
1702:doi
1655:doi
1607:doi
1603:154
1547:doi
1504:doi
1492:370
1462:hdl
1391:doi
1387:157
960:in
901:).
891:INN
636:EPA
422:CID
299:POM
247:WHO
237:WHO
227:WHO
5004::
4821:,
4817:,
4813:,
4809:,
4805:,
4751:,
4747:,
4743:,
4739:,
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4707:,
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4699:,
4695:,
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4233:,
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3985:,
3981:,
3977:,
3965:,
3961:,
3932:,
3928:,
3924:,
3920:,
3916:,
3912:,
3908:,
3904:,
3900:,
3896:,
3892:,
3888:,
3884:,
3880:,
3876:,
3872:,
3868:,
3864:,
3860:,
3431::
2926:,
2922:,
2735:,
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2072:.
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2060:.
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185:,
181:,
177:,
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71:US
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