109:. Cranial nerve lower motor neurons also control some voluntary movements of the eyes, face and tongue, and contribute to chewing, swallowing and vocalization. Damage to the lower motor neurons can lead to
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with motor function (cranial nerve lower motor neurons). Many voluntary movements rely on spinal lower motor neurons, which innervate
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in the lower motor neurons in the anterior grey column, which in turn causes an action potential to propagate the length of the
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150:(β-MNs) innervate intrafusal fibers of muscle spindles with collaterals to extrafusal fibers (type of slow twitch fibers).
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Floeter, Mary Kay (2010). Karpati, George; Hilton-Jones, David; Bushby, Kate; Griggs, Robert C (eds.).
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Van den Berg; et al. (November 2003). "The spectrum of lower motor neuron syndromes".
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503:"The Trigeminal (V) and Facial (VII) Cranial Nerves: Head and Face Sensation and Movement"
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Lower motor neurons are classified based on the type of muscle fiber they innervate:
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460:(8th ed.). Cambridge University Press. Chapter 1, Motor Neurons, pp. 1-2.
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280:(ALS) are all pathologies associated with lower motor neuron dysfunction.
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in affected areas. These findings are in contrast to findings in
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Skeletal muscle § Cellular physiology and contraction
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Structure and function of muscle fibers and motor units
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16:Control effector organs, mainly muscles and glands
160:, which together with sensory afferents compose
190:released from the upper motor neurons triggers
390:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp.
597:
8:
414:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
236:(atrophy), decreased strength and decreased
214:membrane, signaling the muscle to contract.
206:is released to carry the signal across the
164:. These are part of the system for sensing
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183:Muscle contraction § Skeletal muscle
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210:to the postsynaptic receptors of the
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82:(spinal lower motor neurons) or the
14:
386:Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain
429:Saim, Muhammad (17 April 2012).
382:Bear, Connors, Paradiso (2007).
244:. LMNL is indicated by abnormal
47:Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
768:Oligodendrocyte progenitor cell
431:"Upper and Lower Motor Neurons"
228:Damage to lower motor neurons,
1:
321:"Clinical Neuroanatomy Guide"
278:amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
501:Sanders, RD (January 2010).
878:Postganglionic nerve fibers
1444:
873:Preganglionic nerve fibers
242:upper motor neuron lesions
230:lower motor neuron lesions
221:
176:
101:and act as a link between
1383:Olfactory receptor neuron
1047:Neurofibril/neurofilament
556:10.1007/s00415-003-0235-9
295:Upper motor neuron lesion
224:lower motor neuron lesion
45:
158:intrafusal muscle fibers
138:extrafusal muscle fibers
1330:Neuromuscular junction
1193:III or Aδ or fast pain
341:Burke, Robert (2007).
200:neuromuscular junction
74:located in either the
218:Clinical significance
1423:Somatic motor system
1348:Meissner's corpuscle
1313:Postsynaptic density
1210:Efferent nerve fiber
1198:IV or C or slow pain
1140:Afferent nerve fiber
966:Satellite glial cell
507:Psychiatry (Edgmont)
360:10.1093/brain/awm022
264:of skeletal muscle.
258:weakening of muscles
115:deep tendon reflexes
84:cranial nerve nuclei
80:anterior nerve roots
76:anterior grey column
1353:Merkel nerve ending
154:Gamma motor neurons
134:Alpha motor neurons
103:upper motor neurons
64:Lower motor neurons
1388:Photoreceptor cell
1358:Pacinian corpuscle
1289:Electrical synapse
1243:Lower motor neuron
1238:Upper motor neuron
959:Internodal segment
899:Connective tissues
869:Autonomic ganglion
290:Upper motor neuron
156:(γ-MNs) innervate
148:Beta motor neurons
142:muscle contraction
136:(α-MNs) innervate
24:Lower motor neuron
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1409:
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1373:Free nerve ending
1340:Sensory receptors
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1183:Ib or Golgi or Aα
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851:Ramus communicans
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656:Commissural fiber
651:Association fiber
646:Projection fibers
467:978-0-521-87629-2
401:978-0-7817-6003-4
260:, and neurogenic
168:(proprioception).
111:flaccid paralysis
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1428:Efferent neurons
1303:Synaptic vesicle
1298:Chemical synapse
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53:edit on Wikidata
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1188:II or Aβ and Aγ
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1072:Dendritic spine
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954:Node of Ranvier
949:Myelin incisure
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773:Oligodendrocyte
756:Ependymal cells
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550:(11): 1279–92.
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250:fasciculations
234:muscle wasting
222:Main article:
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208:synaptic cleft
192:depolarization
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125:Classification
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119:muscle atrophy
92:cranial nerves
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274:poliomyelitis
271:
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247:
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239:
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232:(LMNL) cause
231:
225:
217:
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209:
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204:acetylcholine
201:
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166:body position
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72:motor neurons
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1293:Gap junction
1242:
1215:Motor neuron
1009:Axon hillock
985:nerve fibers
939:Schwann cell
849:
832:
810:
728:Medium spiny
641:White matter
629:Tissue Types
547:
543:
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506:
496:
453:
446:
434:. Retrieved
424:
385:
377:
350:
346:
336:
324:. Retrieved
314:
300:Motor system
270:bulbar palsy
266:Bell's palsy
248:potentials,
227:
186:
128:
67:
63:
62:
18:
1308:Active zone
1273:Termination
1123:Interneuron
1027:Telodendron
935:Myelination
917:Endoneurium
912:Perineurium
733:Interneuron
723:Von Economo
671:Decussation
666:Nerve tract
636:Grey matter
513:(1): 13–6.
484:|work=
212:muscle cell
29:Identifiers
1417:Categories
1378:Nociceptor
1118:Multipolar
1067:Nissl body
944:Neurilemma
907:Epineurium
692:Cell Types
436:8 November
326:8 November
306:References
177:See also:
173:Physiology
1393:Hair cell
927:Neuroglia
889:Funiculus
778:Microglia
751:Astrocyte
708:Pyramidal
661:Lemniscus
544:J. Neurol
486:ignored (
476:cite book
410:cite book
254:paralysis
188:Glutamate
113:, absent
88:brainstem
1178:Ia or Aα
1108:Unipolar
1057:Dendrite
1042:Axolemma
1037:Axoplasm
821:Ganglion
761:Tanycyte
713:Purkinje
700:Neuronal
683:Meninges
678:Neuropil
572:25844355
564:14648143
529:20386632
369:17438014
284:See also
238:reflexes
1320:Autapse
1281:Synapse
1128:Renshaw
1103:Bipolar
980:Neurons
833:Ventral
804:General
718:Granule
520:2848459
392:426–432
262:atrophy
198:to the
107:muscles
86:of the
1173:fibers
811:Dorsal
570:
562:
527:
517:
464:
398:
367:
202:where
181:, and
99:fibers
70:) are
1096:Types
993:Parts
862:White
843:Ramus
826:Ramus
743:Glial
568:S2CID
458:(PDF)
347:Brain
51:[
40:84632
1019:Axon
1001:Soma
857:Gray
838:Root
816:Root
560:PMID
525:PMID
488:help
462:ISBN
438:2013
416:link
396:ISBN
365:PMID
328:2013
276:and
196:axon
117:and
105:and
90:and
68:LMNs
1233:SVE
1228:GVE
1223:GSE
1168:SVA
1163:SSA
1158:GVA
1153:GSA
796:PNS
621:CNS
552:doi
548:250
515:PMC
355:doi
351:130
246:EMG
35:FMA
1419::
937::
566:.
558:.
546:.
523:.
509:.
505:.
480::
478:}}
474:{{
412:}}
408:{{
394:.
363:.
349:.
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272:,
268:,
256:,
252:,
121:.
78:,
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1079:/
982:/
880:)
871:(
605:e
598:t
591:v
574:.
554::
531:.
511:7
490:)
470:.
440:.
418:)
404:.
371:.
357::
330:.
144:.
66:(
55:]
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.