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Lower flammability limit

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is delineated by the upper and lower flammability limits. Outside this range of air/vapor mixtures, the mixture cannot be ignited at that temperature and pressure. The LFL decreases with increasing temperature; thus, a mixture that is below its LFL at a given temperature may be ignitable if heated
232: 47:, however, due to differences in the liquid properties, the relationship of LFL to flash point (which is also dependent on the test apparatus) is not fixed and some spread in the data usually exists. 35:), usually expressed in volume per cent, is the lower end of the concentration range over which a flammable mixture of gas or vapour in air can be ignited at a given temperature and pressure. The 273: 87: 306: 124: 353: 373: 326: 144: 504: 151: 533: 433: 523: 497: 90: 389: 425:
Le Chatelier, H. Notes sur le dosage du grisou par les limites d’inflammabilité. Ann. Mines 388–395 (1891).
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For liquids, the LFL is typically close to the saturated vapor concentration at the
384: 44: 414: 227:{\displaystyle LFL_{mix}={\frac {1}{\sum {\frac {x_{i}}{LFL_{i}}}}}} 478: 431: 361: 334: 314: 281: 242: 154: 132: 99: 56: 367: 347: 320: 300: 267: 226: 138: 118: 81: 498: 8: 505: 491: 275:is the lower flammability of the mixture, 360: 339: 333: 313: 292: 280: 253: 241: 212: 195: 189: 180: 165: 153: 131: 110: 98: 67: 55: 89:of a mixture can be evaluated using the 438: 406: 415:http://www.astm.org/Standards/E681.htm 7: 459: 457: 477:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by 328:-th component of the mixture, and 25: 308:is the lower flammability of the 461: 441: 375:-th component of the mixture. 1: 355:is the molar fraction of the 550: 456: 268:{\displaystyle LFL_{mix}} 82:{\displaystyle LFL_{mix}} 91:Le Chatelier mixing rule 29:lower flammability limit 534:Chemical reaction stubs 390:Minimum ignition energy 301:{\displaystyle LFL_{i}} 119:{\displaystyle LFL_{i}} 369: 349: 322: 302: 269: 228: 140: 120: 83: 370: 350: 348:{\displaystyle x_{i}} 323: 303: 270: 229: 141: 121: 84: 18:Lower flammable limit 359: 332: 312: 279: 240: 152: 130: 97: 54: 524:Chemical properties 365: 345: 318: 298: 265: 224: 136: 126:of the components 116: 79: 37:flammability range 486: 485: 471:chemical reaction 368:{\displaystyle i} 321:{\displaystyle i} 222: 219: 139:{\displaystyle i} 16:(Redirected from 541: 507: 500: 493: 465: 458: 446: 445: 444: 437: 426: 423: 417: 413:1. ASTM E681-04 411: 374: 372: 371: 366: 354: 352: 351: 346: 344: 343: 327: 325: 324: 319: 307: 305: 304: 299: 297: 296: 274: 272: 271: 266: 264: 263: 233: 231: 230: 225: 223: 221: 220: 218: 217: 216: 200: 199: 190: 181: 176: 175: 145: 143: 142: 137: 125: 123: 122: 117: 115: 114: 88: 86: 85: 80: 78: 77: 40:sufficiently. 21: 549: 548: 544: 543: 542: 540: 539: 538: 514: 513: 512: 511: 454: 452: 442: 440: 432: 430: 429: 424: 420: 412: 408: 403: 381: 357: 356: 335: 330: 329: 310: 309: 288: 277: 276: 249: 238: 237: 208: 201: 191: 185: 161: 150: 149: 128: 127: 106: 95: 94: 63: 52: 51: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 547: 545: 537: 536: 531: 526: 516: 515: 510: 509: 502: 495: 487: 484: 483: 466: 451: 450: 428: 427: 418: 405: 404: 402: 399: 398: 397: 392: 387: 380: 377: 364: 342: 338: 317: 295: 291: 287: 284: 262: 259: 256: 252: 248: 245: 215: 211: 207: 204: 198: 194: 188: 184: 179: 174: 171: 168: 164: 160: 157: 135: 113: 109: 105: 102: 76: 73: 70: 66: 62: 59: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 546: 535: 532: 530: 527: 525: 522: 521: 519: 508: 503: 501: 496: 494: 489: 488: 482: 480: 476: 473:article is a 472: 467: 464: 460: 455: 449: 439: 435: 422: 419: 416: 410: 407: 400: 396: 395:Stoichiometry 393: 391: 388: 386: 383: 382: 378: 376: 362: 340: 336: 315: 293: 289: 285: 282: 260: 257: 254: 250: 246: 243: 234: 213: 209: 205: 202: 196: 192: 186: 182: 177: 172: 169: 166: 162: 158: 155: 147: 133: 111: 107: 103: 100: 92: 74: 71: 68: 64: 60: 57: 48: 46: 41: 38: 34: 30: 19: 479:expanding it 468: 453: 421: 409: 235: 148: 49: 42: 32: 28: 26: 385:Flash point 146:are known: 45:flash point 518:Categories 401:References 448:Chemistry 187:∑ 379:See also 93:if the 434:Portal 236:Where 469:This 529:Fire 475:stub 50:The 27:The 33:LFL 520:: 506:e 499:t 492:v 481:. 436:: 363:i 341:i 337:x 316:i 294:i 290:L 286:F 283:L 261:x 258:i 255:m 251:L 247:F 244:L 214:i 210:L 206:F 203:L 197:i 193:x 183:1 178:= 173:x 170:i 167:m 163:L 159:F 156:L 134:i 112:i 108:L 104:F 101:L 75:x 72:i 69:m 65:L 61:F 58:L 31:( 20:)

Index

Lower flammable limit
flammability range
flash point
Le Chatelier mixing rule
Flash point
Minimum ignition energy
Stoichiometry
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