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409:("Government, Assassins"). A week of violent riots followed his death. Young demonstrators clashed with riot police and attacked government property. On 28 June 1998 tens of thousands of people attended his funeral in front of his house in his native village. He was buried between a fig tree and a cherry tree, opposite the house he was born in. Matoub's family played a scathing parody of the Algerian national anthem, which came from Matoub's final album
247:
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On 18 July 2011, two men, Malik
Madjnoun and Abdelhakim Chenoui, were convicted of killing Matoub, and sentenced to 12 years in jail. The one-day trial was suspended twice when Matoub's family interrupted to insist the suspects were innocent. As Madjnoun and Chenoui had been in prison awaiting trial
237:
and government forces in 1963–1964. In 1968, the
Algerian government introduced a policy of Arabization in the education system. Matoub reacted by skipping school; his memoirs recall: "We had to give up Berber and reject French. I said no! I played hooky in all my Arabic classes. Every class
405:). The car was fired upon by masked gunmen, killing Matoub and wounding his wife, Nadia Matoub, and two sisters-in-law. Within hours, news of Matoub's murder had spread throughout Kabylia and thousands of angry mourners gathered around the hospital where his body was taken. The crowd shouted
310:
During the riots in
October 1988, Matoub was shot five times by a policeman and left for dead. He was hospitalised for two years, requiring 17 surgeries, including the insertion of an artificial scrotum and the contraction of his leg by 5 cm (2.0 in). His 1989 album
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and thousands protested on the streets. Protesters broke into the town's court room and tore down its scales of justice. The BBC reported that many Berber activists blamed the government for Matoub's death and rejected its claim that
Islamists were responsible.
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right in the beginning of his career. He goes black and white. He was very, very clear in his songs, and he is the only singer – not only
Algeria, but in all of North Africa – who criticized the government and criticized clearly. He would never get
413:("Open letter to..."), released after his death (Gold-Disc). Matoub's assassination occurred a week before a law excluding languages other than Arabic from public life was due to come into effect. Matoub had been an outspoken critic of this law.
322:. On 25 September 1994, he was abducted. He was held for two weeks in a GIA mountain stronghold and condemned to death. He was released following a large public demonstration in which his supporters threatened "total war" on the Islamists.
266:(The Lion) in 1978; it was a phenomenal success. He went on to record 36 albums, as well as writing songs for other artists. He gave his first major concert in April 1980, at the time of the "Berber Spring" protest movement in Kabylia.
434:
His family have created a foundation in his name to promote his memory, cast light on the circumstances of his assassination and promote the values he defended. Two streets in France have been named after Matoub, one in
233:. When he turned 9, he built his first guitar from an empty car oil can and composed his first songs as a teenager. His political and cultural identity was awakened by armed confrontations between
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that I missed was an act of resistance, a slice of liberty conquered. My rejection was voluntary and purposeful." By 1975, he had abandoned formal education. He left for France in search of work.
625:
281:) lyrics, and covers a broad variety of topics including the Berber cause, democracy, freedom, religion, Islamism, love, exile, memory, history, peace and human rights. Unlike the
362:("The French Liberties Foundation") in Paris; the prize recognises those who devote themselves to recording and preserving the impact of political events on ordinary lives.
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On 25 June 1998, at approximately 12:30 pm local time, Matoub's car was stopped at a roadblock while he was driving along a mountainous road in eastern
Algeria (
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During the civil war, which began in 1992, the
Islamist Armed Islamic Group added his name to a hitlist of artists and intellectuals. Matoub remained in
384:("The Nourredine Abba Foundation") at UNESCO headquarters in Paris; the prize is named for an Algerian writer who was assassinated by Islamists in 1993.
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Lounès (in the middle with the white shirt) with his friends, notably Mourad Nechab, known to be his favorite, and family in
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Despite being banned from
Algerian radio and television during his life, Matoub became, and remains, an extremely popular
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poet/musicians who preceded him, Matoub's style was direct and confrontational. Fellow musician
Mohamed Alileche recalls:
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politics along with his militant advocacy of Berber rights, so he was unpopular among both warring parties during the
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704:, a website dedicated to Matoub's memory; includes photos and songs. It is written in French and some Kabyle.
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Around 20,000 people marched in Tizi-Ouzou to mark the third anniversary of Matoub's assassination.
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649:" Rebels and Martyrs: The Mobilization of Kabyle Society and the Assassination of Lounes Matoub"
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On 30 June 1998 the GIA claimed responsibility for the assassination of Matoub.
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Matoub began his singing career under the patronage of the established singer
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626:"Argelia restringe las libertades básicas de expresión, reunión y asociación"
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On the first anniversary of his death, a general strike was observed in the
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Page with a good paragraph talking about Matoub's use of music in politics.
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He went straight. He criticized a president. He mentioned the president of
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Matoub's car riddled with bullets during his assassination on 25 June 1998
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On 22 March 1995, the
Canadian journalists' organisation SCIJ awarded him
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582:"Remembering Lounes Matoub on the 21st Anniversary of his Assassination"
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Matoub was reviled by most of the Muslim population in Algeria for his
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209:(GIA), in unclear circumstances, provoked violent riots in Kabylia.
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since 1999, they were released in 2012, having served their time.
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singer, poet, thinker who sparked an intellectual revolution, and
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644:. Kabylie – A La Memoire De Lounes Matoub. Retrieved 22 May 2013.
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608:"Algérie - le procès tronqué des assassins de Matoub Lounès"
225:
Lounes Matoub was born on 24 January 1956 in the village of
698:, a Kabyle cultural website dedicated to Matoub's memory.
174:) (24 January 1956 – 25 June 1998) was an Algerian
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Singer, songwriter, musician, poet, political activist
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Matoub during his military service from 1975 to 1977
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in 1975. He was an Algerian singer of Kabyle music.
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325:In 1994, he published his autobiography entitled
661:Snowdon, Peter; Lallami, Hamid (2–8 July 1998).
509:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 722.
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482:For a period of time, he was a member of the
475:as a national and official language, and the
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676:"Algerian police fire on Matoub protesters"
503:Bullivant, Stephen; Ruse, Michael (2013).
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369:("The Prize for Freedom of Expression").
495:
682:"Berbers mark death of protest singer"
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350:On 6 December 1994, Matoub received
269:His music mixes Algerian Andalucian
205:. His assassination, claimed by the
566:. Afropop Worldwide. Archived from
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834:People killed by Islamic terrorism
764:20th-century Algerian male singers
647:Silverstein, Paul A. (Fall 1998).
540:. AmazighWorld.org. Archived from
367:Le Prix de la Liberté d'Expression
315:describes his long convalescence.
182:player who was an advocate of the
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754:20th-century Algerian male actors
639:"Matoub Lounès : Biographie"
372:On 19 December 1995, he received
354:("The Memorial Prize") from Mrs.
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628:(in French). Terra. 22 May 2013.
190:in Algeria throughout his life.
484:Rally for Culture and Democracy
273:orchestration with politicized
506:The Oxford Handbook of Atheism
479:of public schools in Algeria.
455:Matoub spoke out in favour of
262:. He recorded his first album
1:
769:Algerian critics of religions
18:Algerian musician (1956–1998)
794:Assassinated Algerian people
663:"The birth of Matoub Lounes"
382:La Fondation Nourredine Abba
360:La Fondation France Libertés
749:20th-century Algerian poets
696:La Kabylie de Matoub Lounes
389:Assassination and aftermath
850:
829:People murdered in Algeria
614:(in French). 19 July 2011.
538:"Memoirs of Lounes Matoub"
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824:Kidnapped Algerian people
759:20th-century male writers
684:. BBC News. 25 June 2001.
678:. BBC News. 24 June 1999.
451:Political views of Matoub
186:cause, human rights, and
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814:People from Aït Mahmoud
774:Algerian mondol players
789:Assassinated activists
667:Al-Ahram Weekly Online
411:Lettre ouverte aux...
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329:(Paris: Stock, 1995).
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44:Background information
471:, the recognition of
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352:Le Prix de la Mémoire
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374:Le Prix Tahar Djaout
784:Algerian male poets
544:on 6 September 2008
407:"Pouvoir, Assassin"
356:Danielle Mitterrand
207:Armed Islamic Group
653:Middle East Report
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203:Algerian Civil War
779:Algerian atheists
469:freedom of speech
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313:L'Ironie du sort
306:Political events
252:Algerian mandole
250:Matoub with his
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164:Lwennas Meɛṭub
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804:Berber poets
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590:. Retrieved
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229:in Algerian
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172:معطوب الوناس
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142:Years active
97:(1998-06-25)
95:25 June 1998
27:معطوب الوناس
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744:1998 deaths
739:1956 births
642:(in French)
522:11 December
439:and one in
104:, Algeria
733:Categories
490:References
461:secularism
457:federalism
425:Tizi-Ouzou
213:Early life
188:secularism
82:Aït Douala
75:1956-01-24
50:Birth name
612:Le Figaro
465:democracy
235:Kabylians
146:1978–1998
102:Aït Aïssi
437:Grenoble
423:city of
421:Kabylian
302:singer.
300:Kabylian
176:Kabylian
403:Kabylia
343:Kabylia
327:Rebelle
320:Algeria
294:afraid.
291:Algeria
264:Ay Izem
231:Kabylia
199:atheist
195:secular
180:mandole
592:26 May
548:22 May
513:
473:Berber
376:("The
333:Prizes
283:Berber
279:Berber
275:Kabyle
271:Chaabi
184:Berber
168:Arabic
160:Kabyle
135:guitar
113:Chaabi
109:Genres
594:2022
550:2013
524:2017
511:ISBN
441:Lyon
260:Idir
197:and
92:Died
69:Born
670:384
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