28:
317:. Her implication in plots to restore the monarchy lost her her fortune, brought her many political problems and leave several refuge countries. Without a sou, she and her two children finally took refuge in Germany, where they were forced to make and sell bags to survive. He later wrote of this period "This kind of life gave me good sad reflections. Misery is a terrible thing. Nobody can get a full idea of it who has not suffered it himself. This evil can happen to anyone, imprison anyone." Aged 11, Louis-Victor-Léon de Rochechouart thus decided to embark for
331:
634:
366:, the comte de Rochechouart was a sous-lieutenant by the time the regiment was dissolved in 1802. Aged 14, he returned to Paris, where for 2 years he spent his fortune on the pleasures in the capital. In 1804 he tried to get to Russia, where he had traced his mother and brother. With no money, he travelled in fantastical fashion, financing his trip in part by wins at the
291:. Pursued by gendarmes come to arrest her, she, Louis-Victor-Léon and his brother Louis managed to escape, though his 10-year-old sister Cornélie was not so lucky - chased by the authorities, and on her own, she died of exhaustion after 3 days wandering Paris. Forced to leave France, the countess of Rochechouart left her two young sons in a house in
446:
342:'s army in 1799. Little by little these regiments' original aim of freeing France from the Revolution became subordinated to overall British strategy. The régiment de Mortemart was sent to Portugal to support an operation by the Portuguese army on its frontiers, faced with a French advance. In 1801 Louis-Victor-Léon fought in the
300:
in
Switzerland in 1796, where they hoped their still-exiled mother would join them but she was prevented from doing so. Thus the two brothers were generously housed by a citizen of that town until revolutionary French troops entered it in 1798 and forced them to flee once more. They finally caught up
581:
by occupying
Prussian troops. Impressed on their meeting by his courage and determination, Rochechouart intervened at the ministry in Daumesnil's favour. As commander of Paris, Rochechouart was entrusted with a much more dolorous task, that is, organising the execution of
598:
officer at the head of the execution squad, to avoid giving this duty to a French soldier. General
Rochechouart also accompanied Ney's final hours and wrote a moving account of them in his memoirs, concluding "Here is a great lesson in learning well how to die".
517:
on 31 March. Face with rumours of a counter-attack by
Napoleon, he organised the city's defences and then restored order in Paris, facing down the troubles provoked by the occupying troops by deploying mixed bodies of men consisting of both Russian and
295:
owned by a couple who exploited the situation. Housed in terrible conditions and deprived of food, the two brothers became the couple's servants. After a year they were found by a relative and freed from service. They reached
441:'s plan was admirable and worthy of his genius. Its success, according to all human probabilities, was infallible. Only the decrees of Fortune, putting all foresight to waste, were able to accomplish this great disaster.
321:
to join the émigré regiment commanded by his uncle the duke of
Mortemart and intended for Portugal. After many adventures, leading him through the Netherlands, England and Spain, he finally arrived in Lisbon in 1800.
287:. A younger brother and thus likely destined for a career in the church, he had to flee Paris in 1794 (aged 6) due to his mother's activities in attempting to arrange for the escape of queen
1053:
382:, where the countess of Rochechouart and her son were living. The reunions were short-lived, however - she died a few weeks later. Louis-Victor-Léon was thus taken in by his uncle the
1047:
791:
645:, with an immense fortune. The lavish ceremony occurred on 13 December 1821 occurred in the presence of the Prime Minister, the Duke of Richelieu, Louis XVIII, and the future
939:
354:, the Portuguese army (with the regiment attached) on one side and the Franco-Spanish army on the other both retired without a single shot being fired. Peace was signed in
1727:
590:
Not only was I forced to assist in his death, my duties obliged me to execute the decree of the Court of Peers as regarded this unjust victim of our reactionary policies.
534:
Louis-Victor-Léon de
Rochechouart was made maréchal de camp by Louis XVIII, incorporated into the company of black musketeers and on 29 August made a knight of the
27:
1041:
280:
1737:
1717:
1150:
957:
1732:
469:. In September that year he was sent on a mission to convince Napoleon's former Marshal, and Swedish Crown Prince Jean Baptiste Bernadotte, later King
784:
969:
1199:
1162:
1747:
1742:
399:
383:
1005:
1156:
1247:
933:
131:
1722:
777:
551:
689:(Plon, 1898 & 1933) - a highly interesting work on its era, attempting to be objective and unpartisan and rich in anecdotes on the
1253:
846:
339:
1072:
606:. A few days after his 13 December 1821 wedding, he was put out of his job. In 1826, Louis-Victor-Léon de Rochechouart bought the
338:
Aged 12, Louis-Victor-Léon de
Rochechouart joined the régiment de Mortemart, one of the émigré regiments raised after the rout of
1504:
1301:
502:
1752:
1481:
1138:
1126:
485:
and participated in the creation of a royalist party. His brother Louis, with whom he had shared many hardships, was killed at
963:
1712:
864:
555:
1307:
1289:
858:
909:
698:
547:
259:
170:
398:
Louis-Victor-Léon de
Rochechouart entered the Russian army at the rank of sous-lieutenant and became aide de camp to the
283:, Louis-Victor-Léon de Rochechouart was born in Paris on 14 September 1788, only a few months before the outbreak of the
1767:
559:
999:
573:
He was notable for his involvement in two major events of the
Restoration. First, in November 1815, he took support to
921:
828:
987:
800:
611:
567:
510:
477:
with the
Russian army, setting foot in France for the first time in 10 years. He came into contact with the future
470:
454:
39:
981:
434:, where he witnessed the tragic crossing of the river by the French army. He summed up the Russian campaign thus:
1090:
1078:
473:, to move his Army of the North across the Elbe to engage Napoleon's forces. At the start of 1814 he crossed the
423:
1522:
993:
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1367:
563:
498:
1600:
1217:
1017:
1534:
1011:
1385:
1349:
1114:
915:
834:
578:
519:
402:. He rose through the ranks, serving as a lieutenant in the imperial guard, then aide de camp de l'empereur
1427:
1476:
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876:
642:
622:
506:
218:
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822:
646:
562:, and then to the duc de Feltre when Rochechouart's adoptive father the duke of Richelieu was made
482:
426:
in 1812, Rochechouart was mobilised in general Tormassov's army. He participated in the capture of
180:
1684:
1612:
1594:
1235:
1132:
1084:
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975:
951:
526:'s arrival on 20 April Rochechouart took leave of the Russian army to offer Louis his services.
657:
Madeleine-Elisabeth-Gabrielle de Rochechouart (1822–1889), who became the marquise de la Garde.
453:
Made colonel then major-general, he fought in the subsequent German campaign at the battles of
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840:
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288:
1445:
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693:, the émigré regiments, early 19th century Russia and especially the Napoleonic Wars, the
514:
263:
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1706:
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706:(872 pages, Paris, 1859) - a very rich and complete work on his family history.
660:
Valentine de Rochechouart (1825–1907), who became the comtesse de Montalembert.
1672:
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In 1821, he married Elisabeth Ouvrard, daughter of the banker and businessman
633:
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In 1821, he was nominated Lord of the Royal bedchamber and commandeur of the
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378:, where he found his mother in 1805. From there they traveled to the
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764:
Sir Dunbar Plunket Barton, "Bernadotte: Prince and King" pp. 96-101.
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78:
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The comte de Rochechouart, during his service in the Russian Army
292:
773:
406:. From 1805 to 1812, he participated in the conquest of
370:
casino. He was miraculously reunited with a relation in
586:, a decision of which he disapproved, writing later
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718:
Histoire et généalogie de la Maison de Rochechouart
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137:
127:
119:
96:
84:
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38:
18:
436:
785:
746:Desecendance du Général Comte de Rochechouart
625:made general Rochechouart mayor of Jumilhac.
8:
566:. On 16 October 1815 Rochechouart was made
132:Chef d'Etat major du ministère de la Guerre
792:
778:
770:
26:
15:
1728:Russian commanders of the Napoleonic Wars
725:Louis-Victor-Léon, Comte de Rochechouart
109:
757:
666:Louis-Jules de Rochechouart (1830–1880)
390:, over time becoming his adoptive son.
350:. After 15 days in close contact near
704:Histoire de la Maison de Rochechouart
279:The son of Jules de Rochechouart and
7:
362:. Having entered the regiment as an
744:Comte Aymar d'Arlot de Saint-Saud,
493:. Louis-Victor-Léon fought in the
1738:People of the Second French Empire
1718:Commanders of the Legion of Honour
663:Aimery de Rochechouart (1828–1897)
14:
1733:People of the Bourbon Restoration
1000:Ambroise-François de Bournonville
570:, occupying the post until 1821.
236:Louis-Victor-Léon de Rochechouart
142:Commandeur de la Légion d'honneur
20:Louis-Victor-Léon de Rochechouart
894:Guillaume de Poitiers: 1478–14..
617:In 1830, he participated in the
281:Elisabeth-Armide Durey de Morsan
1254:Catherine-Dominique de Pérignon
449:The Russian Army entering Paris
305:, before moving on with her to
52:16 October 1815 – 1821
1748:19th-century French historians
1743:French counter-revolutionaries
1073:Louis-Auguste-Augustin d'Affry
246:) was a French general of the
1:
1302:François Certain de Canrobert
687:sur la Révolution et l'Empire
560:maréchal de Gouvion-Saint-Cyr
538:. He accompanied the king to
489:and so he became head of the
1496:Military governors of Paris
1482:Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel
1468:Military governors of Paris
1173:Military governors of Paris
1139:Barthélemy Catherine Joubert
1066:of the Armed Forces in Paris
739:"Bernadotte Prince and King"
1723:Military governors of Paris
1470:under the German occupation
1308:Achille Baraguey d'Hilliers
1290:Achille Baraguey d'Hilliers
1175:after the French Revolution
922:Antoine de La Rochefoucauld
801:Military governors of Paris
737:Sir Dunbar Plunket Barton,
554:to the minister of war, to
546:and on their return on the
1784:
958:Charles-Emmanuel de Savoie
653:. They had four children:
568:military governor of Paris
530:Military governor of Paris
471:Charles XIV John of Sweden
40:Military governor of Paris
1374:Paul-Vincent Faure-Biguet
1368:Georges-Auguste Florentin
1091:Jacques-François de Menou
1079:Jacques-François de Menou
829:Waléran III de Luxembourg
229:
56:
45:
34:
25:
1218:Louis Sébastien Grundler
1151:François Joseph Lefebvre
964:Jean-Francois de Faudoas
374:, who helped him get to
1535:Louis-Constant Morlière
1012:Gabriel de Rochechouart
940:François de Montmorency
810:under the Ancien Régime
612:Château de Rochechouart
393:
275:A peripatetic childhood
238:(14 September 1788, in
1753:French autobiographers
1410:Michel-Joseph Maunoury
1398:Victor-Constant Michel
1392:Michel-Joseph Maunoury
1386:Jean-Baptiste Dalstein
1350:Félix-Gustave Saussier
1054:Louis de Cossé-Brissac
1042:Charles Louis d'Albert
994:François de L'Hospital
910:Gilbert de Montpensier
643:Gabriel-Julien Ouvrard
638:
623:Napoleon III of France
592:
450:
443:
335:
1713:House of Rochechouart
1487:Dietrich von Choltitz
1428:Charles Emile Moinier
1296:Bernard Pierre Magnan
1260:Nicolas-Joseph Maison
1242:Nicolas-Joseph Maison
1230:Pierre-Augustin Hulin
1224:Nicolas-Joseph Maison
1212:Louis de Rochechouart
1206:Pierre-Augustin Hulin
1109:Jacques Maurice Hatry
1048:Jean de Cossé-Brissac
1018:Charles III de Créquy
835:Jean II de Luxembourg
670:Rochechouart died in
636:
588:
491:House of Rochechouart
448:
424:France invaded Russia
404:Alexander I of Russia
394:In the Tsar's service
333:
301:with their mother in
248:House of Rochechouart
1127:Jean-François Moulin
916:Charles II d'Amboise
904:Antoine de Chabannes
889:Antoine de Chabannes
732:Le financier Ouvrard
536:Ordre de Saint-Louis
346:campaign during the
1768:French male writers
1667:Xavier de Zuchowicz
1625:Michel Fennebresque
1477:Otto von Stülpnagel
1284:Nicolas Changarnier
1272:Pierre-Claude Pajol
1145:Jean-Antoine Marbot
1064:General commanders
970:Charles II de Cossé
883:Charles de Gaucourt
877:Charles I d'Amboise
859:Jacques de Villiers
853:Philippe de Ternant
808:Governors of Paris
734:(Taillandier, 1992)
699:Bourbon Restoration
637:Château de Jumilhac
619:Algerian expedition
608:château de Jumilhac
503:La Fère-Champenoise
497:and the battles of
358:under the aegis of
1517:Paul Legentilhomme
1511:Marie-Pierre Kœnig
1422:Adolphe Guillaumat
1326:Paul de Ladmirault
1314:Louis-Jules Trochu
1278:Tiburce Sébastiani
1266:Auguste de Marmont
1248:Hyacinthe Despinoy
1200:Jean-Andoche Junot
1163:Jean-Andoche Junot
1103:Napoléon Bonaparte
982:Charles du Plessis
946:René de Villequier
639:
548:Second Restoration
513:, he captured the
511:commander of Paris
451:
348:War of the Oranges
336:
326:In the émigré army
204:Battle of Berezina
194:War of the Oranges
146:Order of the Sword
1700:
1699:
1679:Hervé Charpentier
1571:Philippe de Camas
1344:Alphonse Lecointe
748:(Bergerac, 1936);
691:French Revolution
672:Jumilhac-le-Grand
579:Fort de Vincennes
575:general Daumesnil
552:chef d'État-major
495:Six Days Campaign
400:duke of Richelieu
384:duke of Richelieu
285:French Revolution
244:Jumilhac-le-Grand
242:– 1858, in
233:
232:
214:Battle of Brienne
209:Battle of Leipzig
171:Kingdom of France
161:Kingdom of France
102:Elisabeth Ouvrard
91:Jumilhac-le-Grand
76:14 September 1788
1775:
1655:Pierre Costedoat
1601:Jacques de Barry
1505:Philippe Leclerc
1434:Pierre Berdoulat
1338:Justin Clinchant
1006:Antoine d'Aumont
988:Hercule de Rohan
934:Charles de Cossé
871:Charles de Melun
865:Charles d'Artois
847:Jean de Villiers
841:Jean de La Baume
794:
787:
780:
771:
765:
762:
716:Georges Martin,
651:Louis-Philippe I
604:Légion d'honneur
360:Lucien Bonaparte
289:Marie-Antoinette
256:Imperial Russian
250:fighting in the
181:Maréchal de camp
152:Military service
113:
111:
108:(after
75:
73:
61:Personal details
50:
30:
16:
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1778:
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1691:Christophe Abad
1661:Marcel Valentin
1583:Bernard Usureau
1497:
1491:
1469:
1463:
1446:Gaston Billotte
1416:Augustin Dubail
1404:Joseph Gallieni
1356:Émile Zurlinden
1188:Louis Bonaparte
1174:
1168:
1157:Édouard Mortier
1115:Pierre Augereau
1065:
1059:
928:Paul de Thermes
898:Louis d'Orléans
817:Louis I d'Anjou
809:
803:
798:
768:
763:
759:
755:
723:Pierre Ortega,
713:
680:
631:
532:
396:
328:
277:
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264:Napoleonic Wars
225:
219:Battle of Paris
199:Napoleonic Wars
169:
166:Imperial Russia
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103:
89:
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71:
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51:
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5:
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1643:Michel Guignon
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1634:
1631:Hervé Navereau
1628:
1622:
1616:
1610:
1607:Jeannou Lacaze
1604:
1598:
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1589:Philippe Clave
1586:
1580:
1574:
1568:
1565:Louis Dodelier
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1395:
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1380:Jean Dessirier
1377:
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1365:
1362:Joseph Brugère
1359:
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1347:
1341:
1335:
1332:Édouard Aymard
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1097:Paul de Barras
1094:
1088:
1082:
1076:
1069:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1057:
1051:
1045:
1039:
1036:Bernard Potier
1033:
1030:Duc de Tresmes
1027:
1021:
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823:Jean ade Berry
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742:
735:
730:Jacques Wolf,
728:
721:
712:
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679:
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630:
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577:, besieged at
564:prime minister
531:
528:
520:National Guard
515:Hotel de Ville
499:Arcis-sur-Aube
395:
392:
386:, governor of
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262:armies of the
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1708:
1692:
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1683:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1649:Michel Billot
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1637:Daniel Valéry
1635:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1619:Alban Barthez
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
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1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1553:Maurice Gazin
1551:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1541:Pierre Garbay
1539:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1523:René Chouteau
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1494:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1472:
1466:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1452:Pierre Héring
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629:Personal life
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17:
1685:Bruno Le Ray
1613:Roger Périer
1595:Jean Favreau
1559:André Demetz
1529:Henri Zeller
1320:Joseph Vinoy
1211:
1133:Joseph Gilot
1085:Jean Thierry
976:François d'O
952:François d'O
760:
745:
738:
731:
724:
717:
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695:Hundred Days
683:
669:
640:
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601:
593:
589:
572:
544:Hundred Days
533:
452:
437:
414:, fought in
397:
337:
278:
235:
234:
187:Battles/wars
47:
1763:1858 deaths
1758:1788 births
1687:: 2015–2020
1681:: 2012–2015
1675:: 2007–2012
1669:: 2005–2007
1663:: 2002–2005
1657:: 2000–2002
1651:: 1996–2000
1645:: 1992–1996
1639:: 1991–1992
1633:: 1987–1991
1627:: 1984–1987
1621:: 1982–1984
1615:: 1981–1982
1609:: 1980–1981
1603:: 1977–1980
1597:: 1975–1977
1591:: 1974–1975
1585:: 1971–1974
1579:: 1968–1971
1577:André Meltz
1573:: 1965–1968
1567:: 1962–1965
1561:: 1960–1962
1549:: 1959–1960
1547:Raoul Salan
1543:: 1958–1959
1537:: 1957–1958
1531:: 1953–1957
1525:: 1947–1953
1519:: 1945–1947
1513:: 1944–1945
1458:Henri Dentz
1454:: 1939–1940
1448:: 1937–1939
1442:: 1923–1937
1436:: 1919–1923
1430:: 1918–1919
1418:: 1916–1918
1412:: 1915–1916
1406:: 1914–1915
1400:: 1912–1914
1394:: 1910–1912
1388:: 1906–1910
1382:: 1903–1906
1376:: 1901–1903
1370:: 1900–1901
1364:: 1899–1900
1358:: 1898–1899
1352:: 1884–1898
1346:: 1882–1884
1340:: 1880–1881
1334:: 1878–1880
1328:: 1871–1878
1316:: 1870–1871
1304:: 1865–1870
1298:: 1851–1865
1286:: 1848–1851
1280:: 1842–1848
1274:: 1830–1842
1268:: 1821–1830
1262:: 1819–1821
1256:: 1816–1818
1250:: 1815–1816
1238:: July 1815
1220:: 1814–1815
1208:: 1807–1814
1202:: 1806–1807
1190:: 1805–1806
1184:: 1804–1805
1165:: 1803–1804
1159:: 1800–1803
1153:: 1799–1800
1135:: 1798–1799
1129:: 1797–1798
1111:: 1796–1797
1105:: 1795–1796
1087:: 1794–1795
1081:: 1792–1794
1075:: 1791–1792
1056:: 1780–1791
1050:: 1771–1780
1044:: 1757–1771
1038:: 1739–1757
1032:: 1704–1739
1026:: 1687–1704
1024:Léon Potier
1020:: 1676–1687
1014:: 1669–1675
1008:: 1662–1669
1002:: 1657–1662
996:: 1648–1657
990:: 1643–16..
966:: 1590–1594
960:: 1589–1590
954:: 158.–1589
942:: 15..–1572
936:: 1562–1563
930:: 1559–1562
924:: 15..–15..
918:: 1493–1496
912:: 14..–1494
906:: 1485–1488
900:: 1483–1485
891:: 1472–147.
885:: 14..–1472
879:: 1467–1470
873:: 1465–1467
855:: 14..–14..
849:: 1429–14..
843:: 1422–142.
837:: 1418–1420
831:: 1411–1413
819:: 1356–1357
621:. In 1855,
584:marshal Ney
550:he rose to
542:during the
524:Louis XVIII
522:troops. On
479:Louis XVIII
1707:Categories
1673:Bruno Dary
1498:since 1944
753:References
596:piémontais
430:, then at
408:Bessarabia
157:Allegiance
128:Occupation
72:1788-09-14
685:Souvenirs
674:in 1858.
647:Charles X
594:He put a
483:Charles X
412:Circassia
307:Rotterdam
48:In office
697:and the
439:Napoleon
432:Berezina
420:Chechnya
416:Caucasia
352:Abrantès
344:Alemtejo
298:Fribourg
252:Royalist
120:Children
711:Sources
558:, then
509:. Made
487:Brienne
467:Leipzig
459:Dresden
422:. When
319:Hamburg
315:Hamburg
303:Antwerp
260:Bourbon
114:
106:
1693:: 2020
1555:: 1960
1507:: 1944
1460:: 1940
1424:: 1918
1322:: 1871
1310:: 1870
1292:: 1851
1244:: 1815
1232:: 1815
1226:: 1815
1214:: 1814
1196:: 1806
1147:: 1799
1141:: 1799
1123:: 1797
1117:: 1797
1099:: 1795
1093:: 1795
984:: 1616
978:: 1594
972:: 1594
948:: 1580
867:: 1465
861:: 1461
825:: 1411
741:(1925)
727:(2002)
720:(1990)
455:Lützen
388:Odessa
380:Crimea
376:Poland
372:Vienna
364:ensign
356:Madrid
311:London
138:Awards
97:Spouse
678:Works
540:Ghent
507:Paris
475:Rhine
428:Minsk
368:Milan
340:Condé
240:Paris
112:)
104:
79:Paris
649:and
610:and
505:and
481:and
465:and
463:Kulm
418:and
410:and
313:and
293:Caen
270:Life
258:and
177:Rank
110:1821
88:1858
85:Died
66:Born
1709::
614:.
501:,
461:,
457:,
309:,
266:.
254:,
168:,
163:,
793:e
786:t
779:v
123:4
74:)
70:(
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