635:
480:
42:
235:
had used fauna as a distinguishing feature – Mammoth against
Reindeer – for his important discoveries, Mortillet realised that as fauna varied with latitude they were unreliable indicators, and proposed instead a classification by means of dwelling places: Alluvial or Cave epochs, for example. Later
187:
research, making a special study of the Swiss lake-dwellings. He also issued three works on the evidence for early man in North Italy, the third making a then unprecedented association with the Ice Age. He returned to Paris in 1863, and soon afterwards was appointed curator of the newly created
275:. Mortillet generally objected to the term Gallic, as the civilization characteristic of the epoch was not peculiar to the ancient Gauls, but was common to nearly all Europe at the same date. The name is derived from the French département of Marne.
557:
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discovered by Lartet and
Christie, commenting of such bone carvings, “They are not the work of children. They are the childhood of art”. However he was unable to accept the authenticity of the much more extensive
316:
495:
256:, Robenhausen). His system may have subsequently been refined, but still remains in current use. However, whereas Mortillet believed his classifications were universal stages, with a
969:
299:
was proposed by de
Mortillet. G. de Mortillet also suggested that these tools should be classified as the "Puycournian Epoch". His hypothetical genus gained another species,
650:
500:
260:, later thinking regards each culture as a more localised conglomerate, capable of overlapping in time with others, not necessarily lineally related.
645:
844:
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196:, with responsibility for the Stone Age collections. He became mayor of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, and in 1885 he was elected deputy for
541:
954:
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and sentenced to two years' imprisonment. He fled the country and during the next fifteen years lived abroad, chiefly in
288:
discovered flints at Puy Courny which triggered debate on the presence of ancestral humans in the
Miocene, and the new
388:
319:
hosted in Paris, 1867. G. de
Mortillet (1883) named it in honour of Bourgeois, but Boule (1952) suggested usage as
349:
and then humans in a linear stage, which de
Mortillet envisioned these toolmakers as large-brained but not fully
168:
193:
944:
939:
236:
acknowledging the ambiguity in that system as well, he published a new classification in 1869, using
528:
Schlanger, Nathan (2014). "Gabriel de
Mortillet, 1821–98: Classifying Human Cultural Evolution". In
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Mortillet proposed the name "Marnian Epoch" as a replacement for the period usually called the
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
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267:, which extends from about five centuries before the Christian era to the conquest of
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Mortillet is best known for his clarification and ordering of the archeology of the
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assisted to found the French School of
Anthropology. In 1895, he was elected to the
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was demonstrably fully bipedal. As later analysis would reveal, the 'tools' were
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714:"The Lower/Middle Paleolithic Periodization in Western Europe: An Evaluation"
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that predates human activities, but suggest integral geological activities.
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761:"The origins of stone tool technology in Africa: a historical perspective"
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654:. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 747.
504:. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 879.
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Philosophical
Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
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822:. Robarts - University of Toronto. Edinburgh : Oliver and Boyd.
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International
Congress of Anthropology and Prehistoric Archaeology
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and their associated artifacts to distinguish and name periods: (
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based on similar flints and exhibited by Abbot Bourgeois at the
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that was coming to light, conservatively and stiffly rejecting
205:
Matériaux pour l'histoire positive et philosophique de l'homme
329:(a hypothetical species named from Miocene flints near Otto,
862:"Eoliths as Evidence for Human Origins? The British Context"
667:"Eoliths as Evidence for Human Origins? The British Context"
411:
Classification des diverses périodes de l'âge de la pierre
435:
Origines de la chasse, de la pĂŞche et de l'agriculture
363:
of natural origin and originated from (mostly) marine
441:
Le préhistoire : origine et antiquité de l'homme
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as a hypothetical link between apes and humans, with
353:. Knowledge at the time contradicted his belief, as
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51:
32:
345:). This genus would have served as an ancestor to
819:Fossil men : elements of human palaeontology
378:De Mortillet recognised the importance of the
970:Members of the American Philosophical Society
8:
127:(29 August 1821 – 25 September 1898),
866:History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences
671:History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences
29:
792:
395:as the original work of Paleolithic man.
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471:
469:
429:Les Nègres et la civilisation égyptienne
465:
423:Le préhistorique, antiquité de l'homme
536:. Thames and Hudson. pp. 28–30.
7:
621:The Penguin Dictionary of Archeology
582:The Penguin Dictionary of Archeology
405:Promenades au Musée de Saint-Germain
759:de la Torre, Ignacio (2011-04-12).
496:Mortillet, Louis Laurent Gabriel de
341:(a hypothetical species named from
183:In 1858 he turned his attention to
203:He had meantime founded a review,
125:Louis Laurent Gabriel de Mortillet
46:Louis Laurent Gabriel de Mortillet
34:Louis Laurent Gabriel de Mortillet
25:
18:Louis Laurent Gabriel de Mortillet
391:'s discovery of the paintings in
166:. Becoming in 1847 proprietor of
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478:
40:
190:Musée des Antiquités Nationales
213:American Philosophical Society
154:Mortillet was educated at the
1:
839:. John Benjamins Publishing.
712:Monnier, Gilliane F. (2006).
333:) being intermediate between
878:10.1080/03919710412331358355
683:10.1080/03919710412331358355
836:Ecce Homo! A Lexicon of Man
833:Romeo, Luigi (1979-01-01).
172:, he was implicated in the
986:
908:The Testimony of the Spade
608:The Testimony of the Spade
595:The Testimony of the Spade
516:The Testimony of the Spade
207:, and in conjunction with
860:Sommer, Marianne (2004).
816:Boule, Marcellin (1923).
665:Sommer, Marianne (2004).
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101:
39:
921:Milestones in Archeology
534:The Great Archaeologists
651:Encyclopædia Britannica
501:Encyclopædia Britannica
955:French anthropologists
777:10.1098/rstb.2010.0350
219:on 25 September 1898.
965:French archaeologists
623:(Penguin 1972) p. 153
584:(Penguin 1972) p. 152
194:Saint-Germain-en-Laye
169:La Revue indépendante
27:French anthropologist
960:French prehistorians
910:(Fontana 1962) p. 79
718:Current Anthropology
610:(Fontana 1962) p. 69
597:(Fontana 1962) p. 68
562:search.amphilsoc.org
558:"APS Member History"
518:(Fontana 1962) p. 66
215:in 1895. He died at
771:(1567): 1028–1037.
417:Musée préhistorique
258:unilineal evolution
164:Paris Conservatoire
297:Homosimius ramesii
223:Typological stages
217:St Germain-en-Laye
174:Revolution of 1848
85:St Germain-en-Laye
950:People from Isère
846:978-90-272-7452-6
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103:Scientific career
73:25 September 1898
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945:1898 deaths
940:1821 births
303:, from the
286:J.-B. Rames
254:Magdalenian
229:Paleolithic
162:and at the
158:college of
92:Nationality
934:Categories
906:G. Bibby,
606:G. Bibby,
593:G. Bibby,
567:2024-03-19
514:G. Bibby,
460:References
280:Homosimius
246:Mousterian
238:type sites
77:1898-09-26
886:0391-9714
785:0962-8436
738:0011-3204
691:0391-9714
339:H. ramesi
305:Oligocene
250:Solutrean
231:. Where
150:Biography
894:23333392
803:21357225
746:46385450
699:23333392
448:See also
393:Altamira
389:Sautuola
385:cave art
343:Aurillac
242:Chellian
160:Chambéry
794:3049100
532:(ed.).
489::
365:Miocene
361:eoliths
351:bipedal
294:species
75: (
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689:
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483:
443:(1900)
437:(1890)
431:(1884)
425:(1882)
419:(1881)
413:(1873)
407:(1869)
368:strata
331:Lisbon
313:France
309:Thenay
273:Caesar
265:Gallic
156:Jesuit
140:Meylan
129:French
109:Fields
96:French
59:Meylan
890:JSTOR
742:S2CID
695:JSTOR
290:genus
209:Broca
178:Italy
144:Isère
63:Isère
882:ISSN
841:ISBN
799:PMID
781:ISSN
734:ISSN
687:ISSN
538:ISBN
337:and
292:and
269:Gaul
134:and
70:Died
52:Born
874:doi
789:PMC
773:doi
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679:doi
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498:".
307:of
271:by
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79:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
