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33:
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418:, and the High Council of the Press (HCP) had requested the government to suspend the newspaper's licence. Nkusi had refused this request, and while Mushikiwabo did not officially suspend the paper, it nonetheless stopped printing in October 2008. Mushikiwabo generally encouraged her colleagues to support
405:
to return to her homeland Rwanda and take up a position in his government. She was appointed to the post of
Minister of Information, replacing Laurent Nkusi. Early in her tenure, Mushikiwabo was responsible for deciding whether to take action against several local media organisations that had run
502:
government, but was killed at the beginning of the 1994 genocide. Her sister, Anne-Marie
Kantengwa, took over the management of their brother's hotel and restaurant, Chez Lando, after his murder. Mushikiwabo is also the niece of the distinguished Rwandan scholar and priest
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As well as being responsible for the ministry's decision making, Mushikiwabo also fulfilled the role of government spokesperson during her stint as
Minister of Information. For example when Rwanda had a diplomatic crisis with
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313:, in 1981. She graduated from university in 1984, with a bachelor's degree in English, and then worked briefly as a secondary school teacher. In 1986, she emigrated from
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government's position. She made use of her linguistic skills, being able to give statements in all of Rwanda's official languages, Kinyarwanda,
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345:(ADB); as part of her role with the ADB she lived in Tunisia for a short time, and eventually became the bank's Communications Director.
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430:(BBC), because she claimed it had aired programmes "giving free scope to genocidaires and negationists of the genocide"; the
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Africa Europe
Foundation (AEF), Member of the High-Level Group of Personalities on Africa-Europe Relations (since 2020)
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from 2009 to 2018. She also served as
Government Spokesperson. She had previously been Minister of Information.
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denied this claim, arguing that it and the government had different interpretations of the genocide.
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635:"Francophonie – Louise Mushikiwabo takes office as secretary general of la Francophonie (03.01.19)"
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area. She started her career working for lobbying organisations, before taking a position with the
282:, who became a notable businessman and politician in Rwanda before being killed in 1994 during the
123:
368:
in detail, from a historical perspective as well as from
Mushikwabo's own point of view living in
234:
On 12 October 2018, she was elected for a four-year term for the position of
Secretary General of
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356:. The book is semi-autobiographical, describing Mushikiwabo's family history, her early life in
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After completing primary and secondary school in Kigali, Mushikiwabo went to study at the
279:
278:. She spent her childhood in Kigali. The youngest of nine children, her siblings included
426:. In 2009, she issued a temporary ban on the Kinyarwanda radio station broadcast by the
897:
Rwanda, Inc.: How a
Devastated Nation Became an Economic Model for the Developing World
576:"Louise Mushikiwabo. Secretary General, Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie"
203:
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as her specialist language. Upon finishing her studies in 1988, she remained in the
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Secretaries-general of the
Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
1109:
649:"Francophonie : Louise Mushikiwabo confirmée pour un nouveau mandat"
1210:
439:
243:
239:
219:(born May 22, 1961) is the fourth and current Secretary General of the
928:"Rwanda Means the Universe: A Native's Memoir of Blood and Bloodlines"
741:"Minister Louise Mushikiwabo; Rebuilding Rwanda One Policy at a Time…"
352:, which was co-authored by Jack Kramer, an American journalist and ex-
447:
357:
314:
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Rwanda Means the
Universe: A Native's Memoir of Blood and Bloodlines
18:
Secretary General of Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie
495:
379:
271:
784:. The Institute for Economic Empowerment of Women. Archived from
704:
702:
549:
1013:. Government Printing Office. pp. 528–. GGKEY:EXCA0EGBR49.
446:, Mushikiwabo spoke to the international media to clarify the
431:
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following the arrest of President Kagame's chief of protocol
1177:
High-Level Group of Personalities on Africa-Europe Relations
401:
In March 2008, Mushikiwabo was invited by Rwandan President
1003:
1001:
981:"Umuco saga: Why all eyes are on new Minister Mushikiwabo"
1241:
Mushikiwabo's Autobiography on the site crimesofwar.org
1129:
1127:
932:
The International Journal of African Historical Studies
863:
861:
414:, had published an article comparing the president to
1301:
1052:"Media has a right to public information–Mushikiwabo"
889:
887:
406:
defamatory stories about Kagame. One newspaper, the
270:. Her mother was Nyiratulira, a first cousin of the
1026:"Suspend Umuco, HCP tells new Information Minister"
186:
176:
150:
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129:
117:
107:
89:
77:
46:
23:
723:
708:
1078:"Mushikiwabo warns media on Genocide reporting"
758:
756:
754:
578:. SaĂŻd Business School / University of Oxford.
1158:"Top Rwandan aide chooses French terror trial"
1010:Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 2009
894:Crisafulli, Patricia; Redmond, Andrea (2012).
734:
732:
254:Louise Mushikiwabo was born on 22 May 1961 in
236:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
221:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
49:Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie
674:
672:
670:
360:, and her experiences upon emigrating to the
8:
739:Nkem-Eneanya, Jennifer (27 November 2013).
225:Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation
1262:Mushikiwabo, Louise; Kramer, Jack (2007).
1100:
1098:
103:4 December 2009 – 18 October 2018
31:
20:
921:
919:
917:
481:(PSIA), Member of the Strategic Committee
679:Twagilimana, Aimable (6 November 2015).
397:Minister of Information, 2008–2009
1308:
546:"WorldCat Entities. Louise Mushikiwabo"
537:
325:in Languages and Interpretation at the
246:. She was re-elected in November 2022.
238:(OIF) at the Summit of Francophonie in
1398:21st-century Rwandan women politicians
603:"Museminali Hands Over to Mushikiwabo"
1229:Paris School of International Affairs
1136:"Why the media will miss Mushikiwabo"
615:from the original on 10 December 2009
479:Paris School of International Affairs
7:
1418:Women government ministers of Rwanda
1388:National University of Rwanda alumni
1134:Munyaneza, James (8 December 2009).
868:Adams, Elizabeth (14 October 2014).
601:Karuhanga, James (6 December 2009).
582:from the original on 3 February 2024
556:from the original on 3 February 2024
1156:McGreal, Chris (10 November 2008).
348:In 2006, Mushikiwabo wrote a book,
1106:"Rwanda bans BBC local broadcasts"
1024:Munyaneza, James (24 March 2008).
979:Munyaneza, James (26 March 2008).
294:after his death and served in the
14:
1076:Nkurunziza, Sam (27 April 2009).
522:List of current foreign ministers
517:List of foreign ministers in 2017
384:Mushikiwabo with German diplomat
321:, where she began studying for a
1403:21st-century Rwandan politicians
1335:
1323:
1311:
1289:
842:. 8 January 2016. Archived from
469:, Member of the Advisory Council
428:British Broadcasting Corporation
1186:Africa Europe Foundation (AEF).
682:Historical Dictionary of Rwanda
390:50th Munich Security Conference
223:. She previously served as the
1214:International Gender Champions
840:Duchess International Magazine
473:International Gender Champions
290:, who took over Lando's hotel
1:
1393:University of Delaware alumni
724:Mushikiwabo & Kramer 2007
709:Mushikiwabo & Kramer 2007
655:(in French). 20 November 2022
303:National University of Rwanda
47:4th Secretary-General of the
1050:Musoni, Edwin (3 May 2008).
685:. Rowman & Littlefield.
1383:Foreign ministers of Rwanda
309:), in the southern city of
91:Minister of Foreign Affairs
1439:
1199:Munich Security Conference
870:"Rwanda overcomes tragedy"
467:Munich Security Conference
274:philosopher and historian
900:. Macmillan. p. 30.
350:Rwanda Means the Universe
210:
141:
96:
65:
54:
42:
30:
1373:Female foreign ministers
872:. University of Delaware
486:Personal life and family
364:. It also describes the
343:African Development Bank
1423:Rwandan Roman Catholics
1408:Rwandan women diplomats
770:. Rwanda. 8 March 2008.
1268:. St. Martin's Press.
957:Macmillan Publishers.
782:"Anne-Marie Kantengwa"
764:"New faces in Cabinet"
726:, p. Dedications.
393:
327:University of Delaware
262:as well as working as
200:University of Delaware
1182:11 April 2022 at the
498:minister in the last
383:
1298:at Wikimedia Commons
836:"Louise Mushikiwabo"
816:. St. Martin's Press
808:"Louise Mushikiwabo"
420:freedom of the press
307:University of Rwanda
296:Parliament of Rwanda
288:Anne-Marie Kantengwa
191:University of Rwanda
1226:Strategic Committee
846:on 8 September 2017
298:from 2003 to 2008.
124:Rosemary Museminali
37:Mushikiwabo in 2008
1368:People from Kigali
1296:Louise Mushikiwabo
1246:2004-12-05 at the
788:on 2 February 2017
394:
386:Wolfgang Ischinger
337:, settling in the
217:Louise Mushikiwabo
25:Louise Mushikiwabo
1294:Media related to
527:Cabinet of Rwanda
268:coffee plantation
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1196:Advisory Council
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458:Other activities
410:-language daily
376:Political career
366:Rwandan genocide
339:Washington, D.C.
284:Rwandan genocide
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146:Personal details
136:Richard Sezibera
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1112:. 26 April 2009
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938:on 16 July 2019
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280:Lando Ndasingwa
266:for a colonial
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505:Alexis Kagame
501:
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490:Her brother,
485:
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475:(IGC), Member
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468:
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319:United States
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276:Alexis Kagame
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1163:The Guardian
1161:
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1139:. Retrieved
1114:. Retrieved
1085:. Retrieved
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1059:. Retrieved
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988:. Retrieved
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962:. Retrieved
952:
940:. Retrieved
936:the original
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896:
874:. Retrieved
848:. Retrieved
844:the original
839:
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820:17 September
818:. Retrieved
811:
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790:. Retrieved
786:the original
776:
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657:. Retrieved
652:
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629:
619:17 September
617:. Retrieved
606:
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584:. Retrieved
570:
558:. Retrieved
540:
489:
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416:Adolf Hitler
411:
400:
349:
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300:
260:smallholding
253:
233:
216:
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131:Succeeded by
98:
67:
56:
15:
1358:1961 births
1256:Cited works
1141:17 November
964:16 November
942:16 November
659:2 September
500:Habyarimana
444:Rose Kabuye
408:Kinyarwanda
403:Paul Kagame
305:(currently
181:Independent
161:22 May 1961
119:Preceded by
112:Paul Kagame
79:Preceded by
1352:Categories
1116:19 October
1087:19 October
1061:19 October
1035:19 October
990:19 October
876:19 October
850:19 October
792:19 October
611:. Rwanda.
586:3 February
560:3 February
533:References
370:Washington
292:Chez Lando
264:bookkeeper
250:Early life
157:1961-05-22
1318:Biography
187:Education
108:President
99:In office
58:Incumbent
1342:Politics
1244:Archived
1180:Archived
1110:BBC News
613:Archived
580:Archived
554:Archived
511:See also
1304:Portals
1231:(PSIA).
1211:Members
552:, Inc.
448:Rwandan
440:Germany
388:at the
329:, with
317:to the
244:Armenia
240:Yerevan
1330:Africa
1272:
1216:(IGC).
904:
689:
452:French
392:, 2014
358:Rwanda
354:marine
331:French
315:Rwanda
311:Butare
286:, and
256:Kigali
229:Rwanda
167:Kigali
496:Tutsi
412:Umuco
272:Abiru
71:
1270:ISBN
1143:2017
1118:2016
1089:2016
1063:2016
1037:2016
992:2016
966:2017
944:2017
902:ISBN
878:2016
852:2016
822:2010
794:2016
687:ISBN
661:2023
621:2010
588:2024
562:2024
550:OCLC
151:Born
432:BBC
227:of
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