68:
57:
191:
3289:
3299:
38:
176:
The Union
Leagues still do support the Republican Party despite the changes in party ideology over the years. In 2023, there was a controversy in the New York City Union League about whether to put a picture of Donald Trump on the wall of their Union Hall; the NYC Union League had a picture of every
135:
At the same time as these elite clubs were formed, Union
Leagues sprang-up throughout the rest of the North, created primarily by working-class men, while women's organizations known as Ladies Union Leagues appeared in towns across the North. In the spring of 1863 these separate, though (mostly)
177:
previous
Republican president. The pro-Trump and anti-Trump Republicans in the NYC Union League ultimately compromised by putting up a picture of Trump that was hidden behind a couch. Many Union Leagues preferred other candidates such as
181:
to Trump in the 2024 Republican primaries. The
Philadelphia Union League bestowed their highest honor on DeSantis, which caused a small protest by NAACP members and other civil rights supporters outside of the Union League building.
160:
By the end of 1867 it seemed that virtually every black voter in the South had enrolled in the Union League, the Loyal League, or some equivalent local political organization. Meetings were generally held in a black church or
576:
Owens, Susie Lee, “The Union League of
America: political activities in Tennessee, the Carolinas, and Virginia, 1865–1870” (PhD dissertation,   New York University; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1943. 7318079).
220:
Some former Union League buildings have been adapted for other uses. In
Brooklyn, New York, the former Union League Club building now serves as a senior citizens' home. The former Union League building in
2947:
3266:
3093:
808:
559:
Gibson, Guy James. “Lincoln's League: the Union League movement during the Civil War" (PhD dissertation,  University of
Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1957. 00252270.
553:
148:, Union Leagues were formed across the South after 1867 as working auxiliaries of the Republican Party, supported entirely by Northern interests. They were secret organizations that mobilized
128:
The largest and best known of these clubs formed in
Philadelphia, New York, and Boston, were composed of prosperous men who raised money for war-related service organizations such as the
2776:
2231:
2226:
2236:
2997:
2886:
2871:
715:
3338:
3333:
2663:
2583:
1111:
845:
3328:
3323:
2691:
1106:
2881:
2856:
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2566:
1116:
850:
117:(1809–1865, served 1861–1865) and to assure his reelection in 1864, and to combat what they believed to be the treasonous words and actions of anti-war, anti-black
2708:
2351:
1740:
1619:
3235:
2593:
2346:
2341:
1767:
94:, the first of the elite eastern Leagues and the second oldest ULA council member, was established (and is still active today, as are the Union League Clubs of
1599:
669:
152:
to register to vote and to vote
Republican. They taught freedmen Union views on political issues and which way to vote on them, and promoted civic projects.
3156:
2686:
1735:
1494:
3250:
3113:
3098:
1529:
1145:
86:(1861–1865). The oldest Union League of America council member, an organization originally called "The League of Union Men", was formed in June 1862 in
3103:
2866:
2836:
2474:
2403:
1101:
1096:
527:
3017:
2952:
1654:
1629:
865:
840:
790:
770:
3220:
3195:
2911:
2608:
2504:
2356:
1689:
1569:
780:
3161:
2906:
1649:
1644:
1319:
593:
Tremel, Andrew T. (Winter 2013) "The Union League, Black
Leaders, and the Recruitment of Philadelphia's African American Civil War Regiments,"
132:, which provided medical care to treat Federal soldiers wounded in battle at a time when the military was ill-prepared for the scale of need.
2733:
1725:
1720:
1584:
1484:
735:
447:
271:
2992:
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1907:
1715:
1684:
1614:
1474:
1048:
2982:
2972:
2623:
2331:
1694:
1659:
1554:
1132:
425:
393:
3133:
3123:
3108:
2876:
2701:
1730:
1679:
1624:
1589:
1574:
1564:
1549:
1524:
1479:
1464:
1399:
1276:
725:
266:
365:
3245:
3128:
3118:
2846:
2442:
2336:
2213:
1710:
1674:
1594:
1534:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1459:
890:
882:
760:
704:
336:
309:
129:
1639:
1604:
1544:
662:
122:
1240:
3205:
3190:
3072:
3032:
2931:
2916:
2901:
2896:
2728:
2633:
1664:
1559:
1519:
1076:
522:
Bahde, Thomas. " 'Our Cause Is a Common One': Home Guards, Union Leagues, and Republican Citizenship in Illinois, 1861–1863."
3230:
2549:
2313:
1669:
1634:
1539:
775:
1245:
2588:
2509:
2326:
1792:
1250:
1058:
256:
202:
136:
philosophically aligned groups, were organized under the Union League of America (ULA), headquartered in Washington, D.C.
95:
60:
2861:
2603:
2393:
2368:
2080:
1155:
860:
800:
261:
251:
246:
230:
99:
91:
41:
745:
3292:
3040:
2791:
2628:
2618:
2613:
2571:
1995:
655:
466:
1294:
620:
The Great Questions of the Times: The Great Mass Meeting of the League and Other Loyalists at Union Square, New York
3183:
2771:
2598:
2481:
2459:
2388:
2303:
1364:
1165:
1043:
1025:
206:
106:
67:
3302:
3215:
3171:
2977:
2759:
2561:
2534:
2514:
2415:
2221:
2126:
1424:
1339:
1255:
905:
830:
618:
3178:
3062:
2987:
2962:
2957:
2921:
2841:
2539:
2524:
2105:
1609:
1389:
1354:
1289:
1230:
1225:
955:
110:
173:
which opposed civil rights and terrorized black voters, sometimes assassinated leaders of the Union Leagues.
3166:
2786:
2754:
2749:
2447:
2420:
1812:
1309:
1299:
1071:
1066:
920:
3151:
2851:
2425:
2015:
1852:
1827:
1359:
1260:
1175:
915:
824:
612:
Documentary History of Reconstruction: Political, Military, Social, Religious, Educational, and Industrial
353:
A Nation under Our Feet: Black Political Struggles in the Rural South, from Slavery to the Great Migration
222:
195:
49:
2261:
82:
were quasi-secretive men's clubs established separately, starting in 1862, and continuing throughout the
3067:
2967:
2430:
2383:
2293:
1968:
1958:
1404:
1394:
1379:
1329:
1284:
940:
925:
818:
562:
Lawson, Melinda (2002) "The Civil War Union Leagues and the Construction of a New National Patriotism",
118:
2781:
588:"The Most Complete Political Machine Ever Known": The North's Union Leagues in the American Civil War.
482:
3225:
3077:
3050:
2519:
2298:
2281:
1938:
1579:
1434:
1419:
1414:
1384:
1369:
1349:
967:
871:
755:
379:
2363:
3210:
3002:
2891:
2765:
2410:
2110:
2070:
2055:
1948:
1797:
1499:
1469:
1429:
1304:
1265:
1235:
1190:
1150:
750:
740:
534:
The Union League Movement in the Deep South: Politics and Agricultural Change During Reconstruction
407:
3298:
442:
3056:
2926:
2452:
2437:
2318:
2276:
2248:
2085:
2050:
1897:
1857:
1374:
1344:
1334:
1210:
1205:
1185:
1180:
1160:
910:
813:
730:
678:
145:
125:, supporting the reelection of Abraham Lincoln, but were also supportive of pro-Union Democrats.
121:. Though initially nonpartisan, by the election year of 1864 they were in open alliance with the
83:
2030:
205:
broadened their support of other philanthropic purposes. For instance, they helped to found the
56:
2554:
2156:
2090:
2025:
1928:
1847:
1807:
1409:
1215:
1170:
785:
332:
305:
297:
210:
170:
31:
422:
326:
2166:
2035:
2005:
2000:
1933:
1872:
1867:
1822:
1489:
1324:
1314:
1220:
1200:
1195:
945:
935:
895:
598:
190:
543:
406:
John K. Howat, "Founding friends – of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York",
3240:
2529:
2378:
2271:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2131:
2100:
2010:
1953:
1943:
1902:
930:
900:
720:
470:
451:
429:
114:
87:
72:
328:
Fenians, Freedmen, and Southern Whites: Race and Nationality in the Era of Reconstruction
214:
2308:
2256:
2095:
2060:
2020:
1912:
1892:
1887:
1842:
1121:
962:
950:
234:
233:
raised contributions to found the Union League Civic and Arts Foundation as a public,
3317:
2576:
2176:
2171:
2161:
2136:
2045:
2040:
1882:
1877:
1862:
1832:
1802:
1140:
765:
537:
366:"Exclusive | Union League Club divided over honoring Donald Trump with portrait"
226:
3045:
3022:
3007:
2544:
2486:
2398:
2373:
2286:
2266:
2065:
1963:
178:
166:
45:
1817:
855:
835:
483:"Historic Buildings of Connecticut : Union League Club of New Haven (1902)"
3200:
2075:
1837:
1038:
1033:
153:
237:
charitable, educational organization, whose mission is community enrichment.
17:
2464:
463:
2469:
149:
571:
Patriot Fires: Forging a New American Nationalism in the Civil War North
37:
647:
637:
66:
55:
36:
3267:
List of films and television shows about the American Civil War
2812:
2201:
1765:
988:
689:
651:
507:
380:"The Union League honors Ron DeSantis: Why should Philly care?"
632:
52:
architecture mansion with a mansard roof, constructed in 1865.
105:
The Union Leagues were established to promote loyalty to the
554:
Reconstruction: America's Unfinished Revolution, 1863-1877
113:, to support the policies of newly elected 16th President
581:
Rally Round the Flag: The Union Leagues in the Civil War
642:
394:"Protest at the Union League for Awarding Ron DeSantis"
617:
Loyal National League of the State of New York (1863)
194:
Beaux-Arts building formerly the Union League club of
3259:
3144:
3086:
3031:
2940:
2829:
2742:
2721:
2679:
2651:
2642:
2495:
2247:
2212:
2119:
1988:
1981:
1921:
1785:
1778:
1703:
1450:
1443:
1274:
1130:
1089:
1057:
1024:
1017:
881:
799:
700:
229:home is now a restaurant. In 1949, members of the
298:"Black Reconstruction Leaders at the Grass Roots"
2953:Confederate States presidential election of 1861
441:"Landmark Architecture of Crown Heights North",
90:. Four months later, on November 22, 1862, the
30:For the 1884 professional baseball league, see
2777:Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S.
663:
304:. University of Illinois Press. p. 221.
300:. In Litwack, Leon F.; Meier, August (eds.).
8:
27:Pro-Union club during the American Civil War
44:building on Broad Street in Center City of
3339:Working-class culture in the United States
3334:New York (state) in the American Civil War
2826:
2809:
2648:
2209:
2198:
1985:
1782:
1775:
1762:
1447:
1021:
1014:
985:
697:
686:
670:
656:
648:
536:(Louisiana State University Press, 1989.)
3329:Clubs and societies in the United States
3324:1879 establishments in the United States
866:Treatment of slaves in the United States
225:, built on the site of founding father,
189:
2609:Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War
781:South Carolina Declaration of Secession
583:(Historical Society of Michigan, 1966).
545:Civil War and Reconstruction in Alabama
302:Black Leaders of the Nineteenth Century
288:
2594:Modern display of the Confederate flag
508:Union League Civic and Arts Foundation
791:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers
7:
201:After the Civil War, members of the
2948:Committee on the Conduct of the War
2624:United Daughters of the Confederacy
573:((University Press of Kansas, 2002)
3018:U.S. Presidential Election of 1864
2357:impeachment managers investigation
736:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
590:Kent, Oh.: Kent State Univ. Press.
272:List of American gentlemen's clubs
267:Union League Golf and Country Club
25:
2443:Reconstruction military districts
891:Abolitionism in the United States
846:Plantations in the American South
761:Origins of the American Civil War
638:The Union League Club of New York
209:, and funded construction of the
130:United States Sanitary Commission
3297:
3288:
3287:
2426:Enforcement Act of February 1871
2399:Pulaski (Tennessee) riot of 1867
643:The Union League Club of Chicago
633:The Union League of Philadelphia
610:Fleming, Walter L. (ed.) (1906)
548:, New York: Macmillan, pp 553–59
3211:New York City Gold Hoax of 1864
3073:When Johnny Comes Marching Home
2634:Wilmington insurrection of 1898
2314:Southern Homestead Act of 1866
1:
2729:Ladies' Memorial Associations
2431:Enforcement Act of April 1871
2327:Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
257:Union League Club of New York
203:Union League Club of New York
61:Union League Club of New York
2862:Confederate revolving cannon
2604:Sons of Confederate Veterans
2475:South Carolina riots of 1876
2453:Indian Council at Fort Smith
2404:South Carolina riots of 1876
2369:Knights of the White Camelia
861:Slavery in the United States
262:Union League of America Hall
252:Union League Club of Chicago
247:Union League of Philadelphia
231:Union League Club of Chicago
92:Union League of Philadelphia
42:Union League of Philadelphia
3216:New York City riots of 1863
3041:Battle Hymn of the Republic
2792:United Confederate Veterans
2629:Children of the Confederacy
2619:United Confederate Veterans
2614:Southern Historical Society
1246:Price's Missouri Expedition
716:Timeline leading to the War
3355:
3184:Confederate Secret Service
2772:Grand Army of the Republic
2664:Grand Army of the Republic
2482:Southern Claims Commission
542:Fleming, Walter L. (1905)
207:Metropolitan Museum of Art
29:
3283:
3172:Confederate States dollar
2983:Habeas Corpus Act of 1863
2978:Emancipation Proclamation
2872:Medal of Honor recipients
2825:
2808:
2760:Confederate Memorial Hall
2562:Confederate Memorial Hall
2535:Confederate History Month
2515:Civil War Discovery Trail
2416:Habeas Corpus Act of 1867
2222:Reconstruction Amendments
2208:
2197:
1774:
1761:
1013:
984:
831:Emancipation Proclamation
696:
685:
469:February 1, 2011, at the
464:Union League Cafe website
423:Statue of Liberty website
331:. LSU Press. p. 61.
3246:U.S. Sanitary Commission
3157:Battlefield preservation
3063:Marching Through Georgia
2988:Hampton Roads Conference
2963:Confiscation Act of 1862
2958:Confiscation Act of 1861
2734:U.S. national cemeteries
2540:Confederate Memorial Day
2525:Civil War Trails Program
2394:New Orleans riot of 1866
487:historicbuildingsct.com/
428:August 31, 2006, at the
111:United States of America
3167:Confederate war finance
2787:Southern Cross of Honor
2755:1938 Gettysburg reunion
2750:1913 Gettysburg reunion
2448:Reconstruction Treaties
2421:Enforcement Act of 1870
2304:Freedman's Savings Bank
921:Lane Debates on Slavery
746:Lincoln–Douglas debates
597:80#1, pp. 13–36.
532:Fitzgerald, Michael W.
186:Philanthropic endeavors
3226:Richmond riots of 1863
3152:Baltimore riot of 1861
2932:U.S. Military Railroad
2852:Confederate Home Guard
2584:Historiographic issues
2550:Historical reenactment
1049:Revenue Cutter Service
916:William Lloyd Garrison
825:Dred Scott v. Sandford
579:Silvestro, Clement M.
421:National Park Service
325:Mitchell Snay (2010).
223:New Haven, Connecticut
198:
196:New Haven, Connecticut
169:; a secret society of
163:
119:"Copperhead" Democrats
75:
64:
53:
3191:Great Revival of 1863
3068:Maryland, My Maryland
2857:Confederate railroads
2520:Civil War Roundtables
2389:Meridian riot of 1871
2384:Memphis riots of 1866
941:George Luther Stearns
926:Elijah Parish Lovejoy
819:Crittenden Compromise
595:Pennsylvania History,
412:, January 2000 issue.
409:The Magazine Antiques
193:
158:
71:Historical plaque in
70:
59:
40:
3078:Daar kom die Alibama
2993:National Union Party
2669:memorials to Lincoln
2589:Lost Cause mythology
2294:Eufaula riot of 1874
2282:Confederate refugees
1495:District of Columbia
1122:Union naval blockade
968:Underground Railroad
756:Nullification crisis
586:Taylor, Paul (2018)
566:48#4 pp. 338+.
526:56.1 (2010): 66–98.
355:(2003). pp. 165–205.
296:Foner, Eric (1991).
3236:Supreme Court cases
3003:Radical Republicans
2782:Old soldiers' homes
2766:Confederate Veteran
2692:artworks in Capitol
2411:Reconstruction acts
2272:Colfax riot of 1873
1236:Richmond-Petersburg
841:Fugitive slave laws
771:Popular sovereignty
751:Missouri Compromise
741:Kansas-Nebraska Act
551:Foner, Eric (1988)
63:, established 1863.
3057:A Lincoln Portrait
2998:Politicians killed
2922:U.S. Balloon Corps
2917:Union corps badges
2697:memorials to Davis
2567:Disenfranchisement
2438:Reconstruction era
2319:Timber Culture Act
2277:Compromise of 1877
1241:Franklin–Nashville
911:Frederick Douglass
814:Cornerstone Speech
731:Compromise of 1850
679:American Civil War
450:2006-08-21 at the
382:. 24 January 2023.
199:
171:white supremacists
146:Reconstruction era
76:
65:
54:
3311:
3310:
3279:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3109:Italian Americans
3094:African Americans
3051:John Brown's Body
2804:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2717:
2716:
2555:Robert E. Lee Day
2299:Freedmen's Bureau
2262:Brooks–Baxter War
2193:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2185:
2184:
1977:
1976:
1757:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1166:Northern Virginia
1112:Trans-Mississippi
1085:
1084:
980:
979:
976:
975:
872:Uncle Tom's Cabin
809:African Americans
569:Lawson, Melinda.
564:Civil War History
524:Civil War History
489:. 26 January 2010
211:Statue of Liberty
32:Union Association
16:(Redirected from
3346:
3301:
3291:
3290:
3114:Native Americans
3099:German Americans
2892:Partisan rangers
2887:Official Records
2827:
2810:
2702:memorials to Lee
2649:
2210:
2199:
1986:
1783:
1776:
1763:
1736:Washington, D.C.
1530:Indian Territory
1490:Dakota Territory
1448:
1365:Chancellorsville
1156:Jackson's Valley
1146:Blockade runners
1022:
1015:
986:
946:Thaddeus Stevens
936:Lysander Spooner
896:Susan B. Anthony
698:
687:
672:
665:
658:
649:
510:
505:
499:
498:
496:
494:
479:
473:
461:
455:
454:, July 20, 2006.
439:
433:
419:
413:
404:
398:
397:
390:
384:
383:
376:
370:
369:
362:
356:
349:
343:
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322:
316:
315:
293:
213:'s pedestal and
123:Republican Party
21:
3354:
3353:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3343:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3307:
3271:
3255:
3140:
3104:Irish Americans
3082:
3027:
2936:
2927:U.S. Home Guard
2867:Field artillery
2821:
2820:
2796:
2738:
2713:
2675:
2644:
2638:
2530:Civil War Trust
2497:
2491:
2379:Ethnic violence
2364:Kirk–Holden war
2243:
2204:
2181:
2115:
1973:
1917:
1770:
1745:
1699:
1452:
1439:
1270:
1251:Sherman's March
1231:Bermuda Hundred
1126:
1081:
1053:
1009:
1008:
972:
931:J. Sella Martin
901:James G. Birney
877:
795:
721:Bleeding Kansas
709:
692:
681:
676:
629:
607:
605:Primary sources
519:
517:Further reading
514:
513:
506:
502:
492:
490:
481:
480:
476:
471:Wayback Machine
462:
458:
452:Wayback Machine
440:
436:
430:Wayback Machine
420:
416:
405:
401:
392:
391:
387:
378:
377:
373:
364:
363:
359:
350:
346:
339:
324:
323:
319:
312:
295:
294:
290:
280:
243:
227:Roger Sherman's
188:
142:
115:Abraham Lincoln
88:Pekin, Illinois
73:Pekin, Illinois
50:Victorian style
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3352:
3350:
3342:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3316:
3315:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3295:
3284:
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3277:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3269:
3263:
3261:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3251:Women soldiers
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3206:Naming the war
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3187:
3186:
3176:
3175:
3174:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3148:
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3141:
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3136:
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3106:
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3080:
3075:
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3065:
3060:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3037:
3035:
3029:
3028:
3026:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2944:
2942:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2842:Campaign Medal
2839:
2833:
2831:
2823:
2822:
2819:
2818:
2817:Related topics
2814:
2813:
2806:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2746:
2744:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2736:
2731:
2725:
2723:
2719:
2718:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2683:
2681:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2672:
2671:
2666:
2655:
2653:
2646:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2580:
2579:
2574:
2564:
2559:
2558:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2545:Decoration Day
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2501:
2499:
2498:Reconstruction
2493:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2478:
2477:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2456:
2455:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2408:
2407:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2354:
2352:second inquiry
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2316:
2309:Homestead Acts
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2290:
2289:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2257:Alabama Claims
2253:
2251:
2249:Reconstruction
2245:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2240:
2239:
2237:15th Amendment
2234:
2232:14th Amendment
2229:
2227:13th Amendment
2218:
2216:
2206:
2205:
2202:
2195:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1992:
1990:
1983:
1979:
1978:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1925:
1923:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1858:J. E. Johnston
1855:
1853:A. S. Johnston
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1793:R. H. Anderson
1789:
1787:
1780:
1772:
1771:
1766:
1759:
1758:
1755:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1707:
1705:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1655:South Carolina
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1630:North Carolina
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1456:
1454:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1355:Fredericksburg
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1295:Wilson's Creek
1292:
1287:
1281:
1279:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1137:
1135:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1107:Lower Seaboard
1104:
1099:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1063:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1030:
1028:
1019:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
990:
989:
982:
981:
978:
977:
974:
973:
971:
970:
965:
963:Harriet Tubman
960:
959:
958:
951:Charles Sumner
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
887:
885:
879:
878:
876:
875:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
821:
816:
811:
805:
803:
797:
796:
794:
793:
788:
786:States' rights
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
712:
710:
708:
707:
701:
694:
693:
690:
683:
682:
677:
675:
674:
667:
660:
652:
646:
645:
640:
635:
628:
627:External links
625:
624:
623:
615:
614:vol 2 pp 1–29.
606:
603:
602:
601:
591:
584:
577:
574:
567:
560:
557:
549:
540:
530:
518:
515:
512:
511:
500:
474:
456:
434:
414:
399:
385:
371:
368:. 12 May 2023.
357:
344:
337:
317:
310:
287:
286:
279:
276:
275:
274:
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
242:
239:
235:not-for-profit
187:
184:
141:
138:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3351:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3294:
3286:
3285:
3282:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3258:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3221:Photographers
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3196:Gender issues
3194:
3192:
3189:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3180:
3177:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3085:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3030:
3024:
3023:War Democrats
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3013:Union Leagues
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2939:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2912:Turning point
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2882:Naval battles
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2710:
2707:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2650:
2647:
2645:and memorials
2641:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2506:
2505:Commemoration
2503:
2502:
2500:
2494:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2412:
2409:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2347:first inquiry
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2328:
2325:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2288:
2285:
2284:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2267:Carpetbaggers
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2246:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2217:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2200:
2196:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2118:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1987:
1984:
1980:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1784:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1764:
1760:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1690:West Virginia
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1610:New Hampshire
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1570:Massachusetts
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1449:
1446:
1442:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1310:Hampton Roads
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1300:Fort Donelson
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1273:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1196:Morgan's Raid
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1141:Anaconda Plan
1139:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1129:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1117:Pacific Coast
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1088:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
991:
987:
983:
969:
966:
964:
961:
957:
954:
953:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
888:
886:
884:
880:
874:
873:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
851:Positive good
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
826:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
806:
804:
802:
798:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
766:Panic of 1857
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
726:Border states
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
713:
711:
706:
703:
702:
699:
695:
688:
684:
680:
673:
668:
666:
661:
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3162:Bibliography
3145:Other topics
3087:By ethnicity
3055:
3012:
3008:Trent Affair
2907:Signal Corps
2764:
2487:White League
2374:Ku Klux Klan
2287:Confederados
2214:Constitution
2086:D. D. Porter
1939:Breckinridge
1650:Rhode Island
1645:Pennsylvania
1400:Spotsylvania
1360:Stones River
1340:2nd Bull Run
1290:1st Bull Run
1176:Stones River
1077:Marine Corps
1044:Marine Corps
883:Abolitionism
870:
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79:
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46:Philadelphia
2968:Copperheads
2680:Confederate
2572:Black Codes
1898:E. K. Smith
1779:Confederate
1726:New Orleans
1721:Chattanooga
1585:Mississippi
1485:Connecticut
1453:territories
1444:Involvement
1405:Cold Harbor
1395:Fort Pillow
1385:Chattanooga
1380:Chickamauga
1330:Seven Pines
1320:New Orleans
1285:Fort Sumter
1226:Valley 1864
1059:Confederacy
856:Slave Power
836:Fire-Eaters
144:During the
3318:Categories
3201:Juneteenth
2722:Cemeteries
2599:Red Shirts
2510:Centennial
2460:Red Shirts
1868:Longstreet
1798:Beauregard
1741:Winchester
1716:Charleston
1685:Washington
1620:New Mexico
1615:New Jersey
1475:California
1451:States and
1435:Five Forks
1420:Mobile Bay
1390:Wilderness
1370:Gettysburg
1350:Perryville
1335:Seven Days
1266:Appomattox
1191:Gettysburg
1151:New Mexico
1018:Combatants
993:Combatants
906:John Brown
278:References
154:Eric Foner
3179:Espionage
2973:Diplomacy
2941:Political
2897:POW camps
2643:Monuments
2470:Scalawags
2465:Redeemers
2203:Aftermath
2152:Pinkerton
2091:Rosecrans
2056:McClellan
1959:Memminger
1695:Wisconsin
1660:Tennessee
1580:Minnesota
1555:Louisiana
1430:Nashville
1375:Vicksburg
1305:Pea Ridge
1256:Carolinas
1211:Red River
1206:Knoxville
1186:Tullahoma
1181:Vicksburg
1161:Peninsula
1133:campaigns
999:Campaigns
776:Secession
444:Gothamist
156:reports:
84:Civil War
3293:Category
3134:Seminole
3124:Cherokee
2877:Medicine
2830:Military
2743:Veterans
2577:Jim Crow
2342:timeline
2137:Ericsson
2120:Civilian
2101:Sheridan
2061:McDowell
2021:Farragut
2006:Burnside
1996:Anderson
1989:Military
1969:Stephens
1929:Benjamin
1922:Civilian
1808:Buchanan
1786:Military
1731:Richmond
1680:Virginia
1625:New York
1600:Nebraska
1590:Missouri
1575:Michigan
1565:Maryland
1550:Kentucky
1525:Illinois
1500:Delaware
1480:Colorado
1465:Arkansas
1425:Franklin
1345:Antietam
1216:Overland
1171:Maryland
1090:Theaters
996:Theaters
467:Archived
448:Archived
426:Archived
241:See also
150:freedmen
96:New York
3260:Related
3129:Choctaw
3119:Catawba
2902:Rations
2847:Cavalry
2709:Removal
2337:efforts
2321:of 1873
2167:Stevens
2162:Stanton
2147:Lincoln
2106:Sherman
2041:Halleck
2031:Frémont
2016:Du Pont
1954:Mallory
1913:Wheeler
1848:Jackson
1828:Forrest
1768:Leaders
1711:Atlanta
1675:Vermont
1595:Montana
1535:Indiana
1510:Georgia
1505:Florida
1470:Arizona
1460:Alabama
1410:Atlanta
1325:Corinth
1277:battles
1221:Atlanta
1201:Bristoe
1102:Western
1097:Eastern
1002:Battles
801:Slavery
705:Origins
691:Origins
161:school.
140:Postwar
109:of the
100:Chicago
3303:Portal
3241:Tokens
2177:Welles
2157:Seward
2142:Hamlin
2111:Thomas
2046:Hooker
2011:Butler
1964:Seddon
1949:Hunter
1934:Bocock
1908:Taylor
1903:Stuart
1893:Semmes
1873:Morgan
1833:Gorgas
1813:Cooper
1704:Cities
1640:Oregon
1605:Nevada
1545:Kansas
1515:Hawaii
1415:Crater
1315:Shiloh
1275:Major
1261:Mobile
1131:Major
1005:States
956:Caning
599:online
538:online
528:online
335:
308:
3046:Dixie
3033:Music
2652:Union
2496:Post-
2332:trial
2132:Chase
2127:Adams
2096:Scott
2071:Meigs
2066:Meade
2036:Grant
2026:Foote
2001:Buell
1982:Union
1944:Davis
1888:Price
1878:Mosby
1823:Ewell
1818:Early
1803:Bragg
1665:Texas
1560:Maine
1520:Idaho
1026:Union
283:Notes
107:Union
48:is a
3231:Salt
2837:Arms
2687:List
2659:List
2172:Wade
2081:Pope
2051:Hunt
1883:Polk
1843:Hood
1838:Hill
1670:Utah
1635:Ohio
1540:Iowa
1072:Navy
1067:Army
1039:Navy
1034:Army
495:2022
333:ISBN
306:ISBN
165:The
98:and
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2076:Ord
1863:Lee
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