1307:, Ethiopian Pentecostal/Charismatic members cover a bit over 16 percent of the country as P'ent'ays of Ethiopia. The individual groups are the Word of Life Church (Kale Heywet) Church, Mekane Yesus, Churches of Christ, Misgana Church of Ethiopia, Assembly of God, Hiwot Berhan Church, Emnet Kristos, Meserete Kristos, Light of Life Church, Mulu Wongel (Full Gospel Believers Church) and other churches constituting slightly over 12 million P'ent'ays in Ethiopia. However, according to World Christian Encyclopedia, the Evangelical Protestant community is down to only 13.6% of Ethiopian population. According to the 1994 government census, Protestant Christians comprise 10% of the population (about 7â8 million today). According to membership and adherent records provided by the various churches and denominations, Ethiopian Protestants claim as high as 18.59% of the country's population which is inline with the recent data from the US Department of State.
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year since 1998. Duos like Aster & Endalkachewu or Geta Yawkal & Berektawit bring more variety. Also, formerly secular singers like Hirut Bekele, Solomon Disasa and
Muluken have produced gospel songs after they convert and become born-again Christians. There are many music composers in P'ent'ay church like Christian Girma (currently living in Denver, Colorado), Ebenezer Girma, Enku Girma, Nathanael Befikadu, Biruk Bedru, Daniel Ewnetu, Bereket Tesfaye, Samson Tamrat, Yabets Tesema, Ameha Mekonen, Endalkachew Hawaz, Estifanos Mengistu, and there are countless church music players. Digital music composition is used and there are more than twenty Christian music studios in Ethiopia, including CMM, TDS, COMNS, Sami, Nati, Langanoo, Begena, Kinnei, Albastor, Shalom, Exodus, and Bethlehem.
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those in China) to issue licenses, to demand loyalty, and to infiltrate hierarchies of
Christian and Islamic institutions. Even though it is not comparable to the state sponsored persecution of the past, P'ent'ay Christians in Ethiopia still face persecution from private citizens in Muslim dominated rural areas. Despite Ethiopia's well-known religious tolerance, culture related acceptance issues and the growth of some Evangelical churches have also led to some violence, especially as non-Orthodox Christians and Muslims seek to gain equal economic and social status as the traditionally privileged Orthodox Christians.
1510:, killing those who refuse. The mostly rural churches like Kale Heywet have historically faced persecution with aggressors often doing so with impunity. During the previous 1970s and 1980s government, persecution was equally severe in the urban cities as well, with the likes of Mulu Wongel church (Full Gospel) and Mesereke Kristos Church facing widespread persecution and mass imprisonments and killings. Lacking western ties, the Mulu Wongel church was outlawed by the
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brought the most freedom of religion in
Ethiopia. Most of the Evangelical churches, especially Mulu Wongel, Assemblies of God, and Kale Heywet, faced persecution and detentions by previous governments. The state sponsored persecution of Protestants by the 1980s government created what some scholars call an "invisible church" and an underground evangelism where the membership of these churches drastically increased despite this era of persecution.
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choir, Mulu Wengel church choir, Meserete
Kristos church (MKC) choir arrived around the 1970s. Solo vocalists developed fast in these and other churches. Addisu Worku, Dereje Kebede, Tamrat Walba, Tesfaye Gabisso, Eyerusalem Teshome, Tamerate Haile, Tadesse Eshete, Gizachew Worku, Atalay Alem and Shewaye Damte fill in some of this list that started early.
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Classical and instrumental gospel songs have also flourished with Fikru Aligaz and Bethel Music
Ministry. Also, Fikru Aligaz has been providing a three-day praise and worship service with the Bethel Praise & Worship Choir to reach local Christian and Non-Christian members of the community twice a
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singers like Kabaa Fidoo, Abbabaa
Tamesgeen, Iyoob Yaadataa, Baacaa Bayyanaa, Magarsaa Baqqalaa, Dastaa Insarmuu, Bilisee Karrasaa, and others have also served Evangelical Churches in southwestern Ethiopia. In the Tigrinya language, there are singers like Yonas Haile, Mihret Gebretatios, Selam Hagos,
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More persecution followed
Ethiopian Protestants for more than a decade. However, after a change of government, religious equality including the right to worship, build churches and evangelize were restored. Minor and rural issues still exist. Despite these issues, compared to the past, the 1990s have
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Although almost all
Evangelical Protestant branches in Ethiopia and Eritrea have one or two theological differences or different approaches in the interpretation of the Bible, all of the four major branches follow the beliefs common to born-again Christians. The four major denominations also exchange
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Mekane Yesus Church led the way in translating hymnals from the
Swedish and adapting from Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. In the early 1970s the Meserete Kristos Church Choir was established. Some from Tsion Choir from Mulu Wongel joined the newly established choir and Meserete Kristos continued
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does not have ethnic or cultural boundaries, nor restriction on what style or instruments to use. However, there are apparent influences from
American evangelicals that have led to commercialization and cross-overs. CD, cassette and DVD sales are now one of the rare Ethiopian industries on the rise.
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there have been brutal killings of P'ent'ay Christians in rural areas that tend to be overlooked by the Ethiopian rural officials and stay undisclosed to international organizations. Some Oriental Orthodox families expel children out of their house if the children convert to Protestantism. Since the
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Some of the most famous music players in Ethiopia like Elias Melka, played in Evangelical churches has subsequently converted to secular music. Some modern singers often mimic American Evangelical artists, allegedly including other lifestyles that are not genuine depictions of traditional Ethiopian
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Some of the early comers were Mulu Wongel and Meserete Kristos choirs, which now have up to Choir E and F, with each having 8, 9 albums. Some of these churches in other branch cities have stopped using single letters for choir names, and applied names instead. Other early comers Mekane Yesus church
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Even though some of the older generation of singers didn't have the financial means to make cassettes, they have influenced Ethiopian music in various ways while singing in local churches. Some of the early singers are Addisu Worku, Leggesse Watro, the Araya Family who used to sing on Misrach Dimts
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Since the early 1990s, persecution has mostly ceased, particularly in the cities and areas near the cities, and there is a growing level of tolerance between Evangelical Christians and other religious groups. The ruling party however established a Faith and Religious Affairs Directorate (similar to
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For the most part, Ethiopian and Eritrean Protestants state that their form of Christianity is both the reformation of the current Orthodox Tewahedo churches as well as the restoration of it to the original Ethiopian Christianity. They believe Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity was paganized after the
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Some P'ent'ay communitiesâespecially the Mekane Yesus Lutheran Church for exampleâhave been influenced by the Orthodox Tewahedo churches, which represents the dominant traditional Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian demographic, but for the most part are very Pentecostal in their worship and theology.
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and the growing population of P'en'tay Christians in the urban areas of the country. With the dominance of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo and the growing Muslim population, the population of P'en'tay Christians was estimated around 16.15 million (19 percent of total population), according to the
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Some of the late 20th century singers include Kalkidan Tilahun (Lily) of Qale Hiywet Church, Ahavah Gospel Singers, Dagmawi Tilahun (Dagi) of Mulu Wongel Church and Elias Abebe of the Assemblies of God church. Others are Awtaru Kebede, Sophia Shibabaw, Mesfin Gutu, Mihiret Itefa, Lealem Tilahun
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or Äbiyate kirisitÄ«yanati') meaning 'churches' in the senses of a 'community of Christians' in Amharic, the official working federal language of Ethiopia. Most of these denominations also operate ministries, colleges and bible societies like the Ethiopian Graduate School of Theology, Golden Oil
1407:(SIM). When the SIM continued its movement after a brief ban during Ethiopia's war with Italy, it is written that the missionaries were taken aback by the fruits of their initial mission. Protestant Christians still face persecution in rural regions and are assisted by the
1615:â áááá â in Amharic, the official language of Ethiopia, and also in other Ethiopian-Eritrean languages as well) plays a big role in preaching and the daily life of P'ent'ay/Evangelical Christians. With the belief that music should be for God, and him alone, Ethiopian
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used by rural priests, as a proof to their belief in the Orthodox Tewahedo teaching is also mainly syncretized. P'ent'ay Christians use the history of the Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity prior to the 1960s as their own history, despite lacking historical continuity.
1158:-leaning synod. The Eritrean Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus is the Eritrean Lutheran branch of this Evangelical Protestant denomination. The Ethiopian Lutheran denomination is the largest non-united Lutheran Christian denomination in the world (see
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Evangelicalism. The tradition of local church group choirs, has to an extent been supplanted by individual solo singers who have controversially gained celebrity status with their lifestyles often resembling secular celebrities.
1395:. P'ent'ay Christians use the alleged "secularized teaching" of the current Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox churches, the alleged inability of most Orthodox followers to live according to the instructions of the Bible and the
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majority population is Orthodox, Voice of the Martyrs claims no criminal investigations are carried out against Oriental Orthodox mobs who burn Evangelical churches, destroy houses and even murder P'ent'ay Christians.
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Evangelicals in Ethiopia and Eritrea believe that one is saved by believing in Jesus as Lord and Saviour for the forgiveness of sins. They believe in the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit, the one essence of the
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of Christianity, or converted from non-Christian religions or traditional faith practices. Since the creation of P'ent'ay churches and organisations, prominent movements among them have been Pentecostalism, the
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Ministries, Evangelical Theological College, the Ethiopian Bible Society and Meserete Kristos College. These churches often work together by exchanging preachers and organizing church conferences.
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Christians. The ECFE has 22 member churches, and based on 2004 statistics, 11.5 million members. All P'ent'ay churches, regardless of denomination, are domestically known as á á„á«á° ááá”áČá«áá” (
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is used against Protestant Christians, more than 2000 Christians are subject to arrest (2006). The U. S. state department names it a Country of Particular Concern due to its violation of
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Ethiopia, Eritrea, United States, Canada, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Germany, United Kingdom, Israel, Kenya, Australia, and other parts of the EthiopianâEritrean diaspora
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Ruth Mekuria, Yemane Habte, and Adhanom Teklemariam and duos like Yonatan and Sosuna. Introducing new styles are young performers like Dawit "Danny" Wolde who studied at
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but all Protestant denomination christians, whether they are self-identified as Pentecostal or not. Some Orthodox Ethiopians will even apply the term to the small
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1651:(Lali), Gezahegn Muse, Azeb Hailu and many more. There are also singers who are pastors, some of them are Dawit Molalign, Kasshaun Lemma and Yohannes Girma.
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1545:, in April 2010 a 28-year-old student died after she was held in a metal shipping container for 2 years, after being arrested for attending a Bible study.
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It was only during the early 20th century that American and European missionaries spread Protestantism with Mennonite and Pentecostal churches through the
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developing songs in Ethiopian languages. During these early years, other groups like Bethel singers also produced Ethiopian gospel songs.
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is seen as one of the signs, but not the only sign, of "receiving Christ", which should include a new lifestyle and social behavior.
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was the first Protestant missionary in Ethiopia, and is regarded as the founding father of the P'ent'ay or WenigÄlawÄ« movement.
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adherents have used the term P'ent'ay as a pejorative by conflating and 'othering' them with P'ent'ay (Evangelical Protestants)
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1960:"Pentecostal and Charismatic Christianity in Ethiopia: A Historical Introduction to a Largely Unexplored Movement"
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The major Protestant denominations in Ethiopia and Eritrea are a group of indigenous, closely linked (part of the
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because they wouldn't renounce their faith in Christ. Islamic militants have stopped at least one bus (near
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Ethiopian Evangelical Church, Eritrean Evangelical Church, Ethiopian Evangelicalism, Eritrean Evangelicalism
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There are also gospel singers who sing in Wolayta, Hadiya-Kambata, Sidama, and other areas of the South.
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2107:"A comprehensive statistical information on world religions, Christian denominations and people groups"
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1976:
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Islam coming from Saudi Arabia-linked Muslim Non-governmental organizations and projects. In Eritrea,
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is derived from "Pentecostal"; however, it has since become a general shorthand referring to not only
2406:"Ethiopia's Increasing Vulnerability to Islamic Extremism and What That Means for the Horn of Africa"
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The term was coined in the late 1960s and was used as a pejorative for churches that believed in the
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Evangelical Protestant denomination with Pentecostal and Baptist roots. It is associated with the
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movement mostly coming from radical Islamist organizations or followers of an extreme form of
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258:
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147:
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1356:). All of the four main churches and others also share and listen to various gospel singers,
2362:"1980s government attempt to "eliminate evangelical Christianity" helped evangelical growth"
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as well as the North Africa region. There are two Episcopal churches in Ethiopia, one is in
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Christians in Egypt : Orthodox, Catholic and Protestant Communities Past and Present
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Evangelical Christianity was originally introduced by American and European Protestant
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Beyond Our Prayers: An Amazing Half Century of Church Growth in Ethiopia, 1948â1998
2340:"Evangelical and protestant population explosion during 1980s communist government"
1541:. It has been reported that entire families are thrown into jail. According to the
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Voice of the Martyrs also states that Evangelical Christians have been murdered by
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1937:"Pente: name used by Orthodox Christian to label Ethiopian Protestant Christians"
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975:, which began in the 19th century among various peoples, including Christians
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1982:. Amnesty International. May 2004. pp. 13â17. AI Index: AFR 64/003/2004.
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The equivalent rendition in many other languages is "Evangelical"; the term
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The ECFE, or Evangelical Church Fellowship of Ethiopia, is a consortium of
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Writing Religious History: The Historiography of Ethiopian Pentecostalism
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World Christian Encyclopedia, 2001, Oxford University Press. Vol 1: p 266
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1111:
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989:
954:
934:
900:
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1411:; however, there is a growing tolerance between the Ethiopian Orthodox,
1078:. Many of these groups describe their religious practices as culturally
2318:"religious leaders jailed and some disappeared during 1980s government"
1795:
1583: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1352:) and allow the preachers to serve in different churches when invited (
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2384:"Freedom of religion improved 1995, but private citizen abuse remains"
1851:"Current Influences and connections of western and Ethiopian churches"
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1445:, which are strictly opposed by the other Protestant denominations.
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1147:, an interdenominational organization, and has an Eritrean branch.
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Endonym used to refer to Protestant groups in Ethiopia and Eritrea
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The Evangelical Movement in Ethiopia: Resistance and Resilience
2064:"One to five: Ethiopia gets four new federal working languages"
1992:
World Christian Encyclopedia, 2001 edition, Volume 1, page 263
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2452:"ADVOCATING FOR PERSECUTED EVANGELICAL CHRISTIANS IN ERITREA"
2194:"Ethiopian protestants claim as high as 18.59% of population"
949:. Sometimes the denominations and organizations are known as
2469:
2428:
2426:
2293:"Ethiopia may not be the Christian safe haven it has been"
1152:
Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus (Place of Jesus)
3030:
Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Slovenia
2537:
1525:
New challenges Christians face in Ethiopia include the
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population of Ethiopia and Eritrea (but this is rare).
963:
909:
2244:"Evangelicals say Orthodox focused on "outward piety""
2220:(American University of Cairo Press, 2005), pp. 100ff.
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Music, more technically speaking "hymns" or "psalms" (
1187:, a Mennonite denomination with Pentecostal influence.
1180:, a Pentecostal denomination with Mennonite influence.
1036:
of the Holy Spirit, used to describe local Protestant
150:, and Ethiopian-Eritrean diaspora vernacular languages
1105:
2267:"Is the World's Next Missions Movement in Ethiopia?"
1160:
list of Christian denominations by number of members
3098:
3053:
3013:
2998:
2884:
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1909:"Ethiopia Grants Autonomy to Evangelical Heartland"
1506:, a rural area) and demanded Christians recite the
1387:which they say is now merely dominated by rituals,
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131:
123:
107:
65:
55:
45:
23:
1320:. Like all other Christian groups that accept the
2172:"International Religious Freedom Report for 2014"
1251:Episcopal Church in Jerusalem and the Middle East
1074:means "Evangelical" and has been used alongside
3075:Evangelical Church of Egypt (Synod of the Nile)
1437:has caused confusion. One controversy involves
958:
904:
730:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
1433:Recent misidentification of certain groups as
1249:is represented in Ethiopia and Eritrea by the
1107:'Abiate kristianat' â 'Äbiyate kirisitÄ«yanati'
2975:
2558:
1340:in the Holy Spirit as well as water baptism.
1261:, which also includes other countries in the
877:
8:
2538:Evangelical Christian Fellowship of Ethiopia
1771:"International Ethiopian Evangelical Church"
1671:Modern musical controversy within the Church
1257:; Ethiopia and Eritrea are both part of the
1796:"Evangelical Church Fellowship of Ethiopia"
1746:"About the Evangelical Theological College"
1185:Meserete Kristos (Christ Foundation) Church
1169:, a Lutheran denomination which joined the
1154:, a Lutheran denomination which includes a
1137:Ethiopian Kale Heywet (Word of Life) Church
3010:
2982:
2968:
2960:
2565:
2551:
2543:
1775:International Ethiopian Evangelical Church
1332:), as it is written numerous times in the
1303:According to the 2005 statistics from the
1218:Hiwot Berhan Church (Light of Life Church)
1082:, but Protestant Evangelical by doctrine.
884:
870:
539:
219:
199:
2166:
2164:
1599:Learn how and when to remove this message
1255:Episcopal Anglican Province of Alexandria
1020:and the Ethiopian and Eritrean diaspora.
2037:"Evangelical church fellowship in 2004"
1721:"Antsokia Ethiopian Evangelical Church"
1712:
1178:Ethiopian Full Gospel Believers' Church
689:
542:
211:
3090:St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India
2156:Ethiopia: A Model Nation of Minorities
1167:Evangelical Lutheran Church of Eritrea
1010:Eastern-oriented Protestant Christians
20:
2231:Layers of Time: A History of Ethiopia
947:EthiopianâEritrean Evangelical Church
941:societies. Alternative terms include
7:
3040:Kosovo Protestant Evangelical Church
2527:. Waco, TX: Baylor University Press.
1931:
1929:
1876:
1874:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1581:adding citations to reliable sources
1228:Ethiopian Addis Kidan Baptist Church
1048:churches (collectively known as the
2015:"ECFE and non-ecfe church listings"
1324:, P'ent'ays also believe in being "
933:denominations and organisations in
725:Members Church of God International
14:
1473:P'ent'ay (Evangelical Protestant)
943:EthiopianâEritrean Evangelicalism
2871:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
2641:Democratic Republic of the Congo
2233:(New York: Palgrave, 2000) p. 48
1557:
1379:960s, during the reign of queen
929:. Today, the term refers to all
851:
193:Official ECFE website (english)
37:
2520:. Scottsdale, PA: Herald Press.
1750:Evangelical Theological College
1568:needs additional citations for
1882:"The peace-making Pentecostal"
1826:"Ethiopian Culture â Religion"
735:The New Church (Swedenborgian)
680:Nondenominational Christianity
1:
3025:Evangelical Church of Romania
1429:Confusion with non-affiliates
1232:Evangelical Church of Eritrea
1224:Berhane Wongel â Gospel Light
2386:. Csmonitor.com. 8 June 2000
2246:. Csmonitor.com. 8 June 2000
2128:World Christian Encyclopedia
2109:. Worldchristiandatabase.org
1416:information released by the
1336:, and demonstrated by one's
1242:Seventh-day Adventist Church
964:
910:
740:Unitarians and Universalists
60:Eastern Protestant Christian
3113:Assyrian Pentecostal Church
3108:Assyrian Evangelical Church
3065:Armenian Evangelical Church
3035:Evangelical Orthodox Church
2062:AfricaNews (4 March 2020).
1238:Middle East General Mission
1106:
1042:Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo
1040:who are not members of the
3159:
3138:Evangelicalism in Ethiopia
2513:, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
2434:"Open Doors International"
2088:ECFE churches and services
2004:. Accessed 7 January 2010.
1623:
1385:Oriental Orthodox Churches
1235:Lutheran Church of Eritrea
1209:Misgana Church of Ethiopia
1110:or community of churches)
1046:Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo
959:
905:
3045:Ukrainian Lutheran Church
1691:Protestantism in Ethiopia
1624:History of P'ent'ay music
1469:Ethiopian Catholic Church
1171:Lutheran World Federation
1095:
36:
3143:Pentecostalism in Africa
3070:Believers Eastern Church
2626:Central African Republic
2516:Hege, Nathan B. (1998).
2158:(accessed 22 March 2006)
2017:. State.gov. 9 June 2005
2002:Anglicans Online: Africa
1658:Berklee College of Music
1465:Eritrean Catholic Church
1418:U.S. Department of State
1364:) producers and choirs.
1305:World Christian Database
3080:Mar Thoma Syrian Church
2573:Protestantism in Africa
2509:Haustein, Jörg (2011).
1886:www.eternitynews.com.au
1686:Christianity in Eritrea
1206:Ammanuel Baptist Church
1061:Evangelical Protestants
2523:Tibebe Eshete (2009).
2216:Otto F. A. Meinardus,
2133:29 August 2006 at the
2093:12 August 2007 at the
1527:Islamic fundamentalism
1514:Ethiopian government.
1439:Oneness Pentecostalism
1405:Sudan Interior Mission
1397:deuterocanonical books
1145:Sudan Interior Mission
931:Evangelical Protestant
2786:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
2646:Republic of the Congo
2458:on 26 September 2007.
2440:on 27 September 2007.
2271:ChristianityToday.com
1130:Primary denominations
2495:Psalm 91 Productions
2297:Mission Network News
1913:News & Reporting
1701:Religion in Ethiopia
1577:improve this article
1492:Voice of the Martyrs
1409:Voice of the Martyrs
577:Independent Catholic
50:Eastern Christianity
2861:States with limited
1800:www.ecfethiopia.org
1696:Religion in Eritrea
1461:particular churches
1443:Jehovah's Witnesses
1342:Speaking in tongues
1292:Abiate kristianat'
1201:Other denominations
914:) is an originally
858:Christianity portal
715:Jehovah's Witnesses
395:History of theology
168:19thâ20th centuries
2991:Eastern Protestant
2474:www.WikiMezmur.org
2410:Religion Unplugged
2043:on 29 October 2008
1475:churches but some
1278:Unity and the ECFE
1191:Christian Brethren
922:language term for
597:Church of the East
461:Early Christianity
3125:
3124:
3121:
3120:
2957:
2956:
2888:other territories
2661:Equatorial Guinea
1888:. 15 October 2019
1609:
1608:
1601:
1539:religious liberty
1500:Islamic militants
1477:Orthodox Tewahedo
1360:(gospel music or
1322:canonical gospels
1269:and the other in
1213:Assemblies of God
1104:
1080:Eastern Christian
1050:Orthodox Tewahedo
981:Orthodox Tewahedo
894:
893:
747:
746:
720:Latter Day Saints
705:Iglesia ni Cristo
670:United Protestant
655:Plymouth Brethren
590:Oriental Orthodox
198:
197:
114:Congregationalist
3150:
3011:
2984:
2977:
2970:
2961:
2949:
2948:(United Kingdom)
2944:Tristan da Cunha
2940:Ascension Island
2932:
2919:
2910:
2886:Dependencies and
2579:Sovereign states
2567:
2560:
2553:
2544:
2497:
2491:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2466:
2460:
2459:
2454:. Archived from
2448:
2442:
2441:
2436:. Archived from
2430:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2402:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2369:
2358:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2336:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2288:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2277:
2262:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2240:
2234:
2227:
2221:
2214:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2198:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2168:
2159:
2154:Berhanu Abegaz,
2152:
2146:
2143:
2137:
2125:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2103:
2097:
2085:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2039:. Archived from
2033:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2011:
2005:
1999:
1993:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1977:"Eritrea Report"
1973:
1967:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1941:
1933:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1904:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1878:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1855:
1847:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1822:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1792:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1725:www.antsokia.net
1717:
1604:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1584:
1561:
1553:
1458:Eastern Catholic
1259:Diocese of Egypt
1109:
1099:
1097:
968:"evangelical").
967:
962:
961:
913:
908:
907:
886:
879:
872:
855:
700:Christadelphians
630:Free Evangelical
583:Eastern Orthodox
540:
491:EastâWest Schism
223:
200:
189:Official website
41:
21:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3117:
3094:
3056:
3049:
3016:
3003:
2994:
2988:
2958:
2953:
2952:
2947:
2930:
2917:
2908:
2889:
2887:
2880:
2864:
2862:
2855:
2574:
2571:
2534:
2506:
2504:Further reading
2501:
2500:
2492:
2488:
2478:
2476:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2450:
2449:
2445:
2432:
2431:
2424:
2414:
2412:
2404:
2403:
2399:
2389:
2387:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2367:
2365:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2345:
2343:
2338:
2337:
2333:
2323:
2321:
2316:
2315:
2311:
2301:
2299:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2275:
2273:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2249:
2247:
2242:
2241:
2237:
2229:Paul B. Henze,
2228:
2224:
2215:
2211:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2177:
2175:
2170:
2169:
2162:
2153:
2149:
2144:
2140:
2135:Wayback Machine
2126:
2122:
2112:
2110:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2095:Wayback Machine
2086:
2082:
2072:
2070:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2046:
2044:
2035:
2034:
2030:
2020:
2018:
2013:
2012:
2008:
2000:
1996:
1991:
1987:
1979:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1958:
1954:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1935:
1934:
1927:
1917:
1915:
1906:
1905:
1901:
1891:
1889:
1880:
1879:
1872:
1862:
1860:
1853:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1834:
1832:
1824:
1823:
1814:
1804:
1802:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1779:
1777:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1754:
1752:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1729:
1727:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1709:
1682:
1673:
1648:
1639:
1626:
1605:
1594:
1588:
1585:
1574:
1562:
1551:
1488:
1431:
1426:
1370:
1313:
1301:
1280:
1203:
1132:
1126:denominations.
1088:
1034:spiritual gifts
1032:experience and
1026:
1002:Presbyterianism
973:missionary work
890:
827:
826:
797:Other religions
757:
749:
748:
537:
536:
516:
515:
436:
435:
415:
414:
348:
338:
337:
298:
297:
279:
278:
244:
243:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3156:
3154:
3146:
3145:
3140:
3130:
3129:
3123:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3115:
3110:
3104:
3102:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3061:
3059:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3021:
3019:
3008:
2996:
2995:
2989:
2987:
2986:
2979:
2972:
2964:
2955:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2933:
2920:
2911:
2897:Canary Islands
2893:
2892:
2890:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2878:
2873:
2867:
2865:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2582:
2580:
2576:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2569:
2562:
2555:
2547:
2541:
2540:
2533:
2532:External links
2530:
2529:
2528:
2521:
2514:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2486:
2461:
2443:
2422:
2397:
2375:
2353:
2331:
2309:
2291:Koh, Lyndsey.
2283:
2257:
2235:
2222:
2209:
2185:
2160:
2147:
2138:
2120:
2098:
2080:
2054:
2028:
2006:
1994:
1985:
1968:
1952:
1925:
1899:
1870:
1842:
1830:Cultural Atlas
1812:
1787:
1762:
1737:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1681:
1678:
1672:
1669:
1653:Oromo language
1647:
1644:
1638:
1635:
1625:
1622:
1607:
1606:
1565:
1563:
1556:
1550:
1547:
1487:
1484:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1369:
1366:
1354:full communion
1334:Gospel of John
1312:
1309:
1300:
1297:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1274:
1263:Horn of Africa
1244:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1215:â Pentecostal
1210:
1207:
1202:
1199:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1181:
1174:
1163:
1148:
1131:
1128:
1087:
1084:
1025:
1022:
983:church, other
892:
891:
889:
888:
881:
874:
866:
863:
862:
861:
860:
848:
847:
842:
837:
829:
828:
825:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
758:
756:Related topics
755:
754:
751:
750:
745:
744:
743:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
694:
693:
691:Restorationist
687:
686:
685:
684:
683:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
600:
593:
586:
579:
574:
569:
568:
567:
562:
547:
546:
538:
535:
534:
529:
523:
522:
521:
518:
517:
514:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
466:Church Fathers
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
437:
434:
433:
428:
422:
421:
420:
417:
416:
413:
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
387:
382:
377:
376:
375:
370:
365:
355:
349:
344:
343:
340:
339:
336:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
299:
296:
295:
292:
286:
285:
284:
281:
280:
277:
276:
271:
266:
261:
256:
251:
245:
242:
241:
236:
230:
229:
228:
225:
224:
216:
215:
209:
208:
196:
195:
190:
186:
185:
182:
178:
177:
174:
170:
169:
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:
133:
129:
128:
125:
121:
120:
111:
105:
104:
67:
63:
62:
57:
56:Classification
53:
52:
47:
43:
42:
34:
33:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3155:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3097:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3058:
3052:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3018:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3001:
2997:
2992:
2985:
2980:
2978:
2973:
2971:
2966:
2965:
2962:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2934:
2928:
2924:
2921:
2915:
2912:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2891:
2883:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2858:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2701:Guinea-Bissau
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2577:
2568:
2563:
2561:
2556:
2554:
2549:
2548:
2545:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2531:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2515:
2512:
2508:
2507:
2503:
2496:
2490:
2487:
2475:
2471:
2465:
2462:
2457:
2453:
2447:
2444:
2439:
2435:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2411:
2407:
2401:
2398:
2385:
2379:
2376:
2363:
2357:
2354:
2341:
2335:
2332:
2319:
2313:
2310:
2298:
2294:
2287:
2284:
2272:
2268:
2265:Bryan, Jack.
2261:
2258:
2245:
2239:
2236:
2232:
2226:
2223:
2219:
2213:
2210:
2195:
2189:
2186:
2173:
2167:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2132:
2129:
2124:
2121:
2108:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2084:
2081:
2069:
2065:
2058:
2055:
2042:
2038:
2032:
2029:
2016:
2010:
2007:
2003:
1998:
1995:
1989:
1986:
1978:
1972:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1956:
1953:
1938:
1932:
1930:
1926:
1914:
1910:
1907:Bryan, Jack.
1903:
1900:
1887:
1883:
1877:
1875:
1871:
1859:
1852:
1846:
1843:
1831:
1827:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1813:
1801:
1797:
1791:
1788:
1776:
1772:
1766:
1763:
1751:
1747:
1741:
1738:
1726:
1722:
1716:
1713:
1706:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1677:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1661:
1659:
1654:
1645:
1643:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1621:
1618:
1614:
1603:
1600:
1592:
1582:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1566:This section
1564:
1560:
1555:
1554:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1543:Barnabas Fund
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1508:Islamic creed
1505:
1501:
1496:
1493:
1490:According to
1485:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1428:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1401:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1376:
1374:
1373:Peter Heyling
1367:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1330:dagem meweled
1327:
1323:
1319:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1277:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1221:Emnet Kristos
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1198:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1182:
1179:
1175:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1108:
1102:
1093:
1086:Denominations
1085:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
986:
982:
978:
974:
969:
966:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
925:
921:
917:
912:
902:
898:
887:
882:
880:
875:
873:
868:
867:
865:
864:
859:
854:
850:
849:
846:
843:
841:
838:
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