474:
relationship with tree squirrels. Due to their close ancestry, the morphological differences between flying squirrels and tree squirrels reveal insight into the formation of the gliding mechanism. Compared to squirrels of similar size, flying squirrels, northern and southern flying squirrels show lengthening in bones of the lumbar vertebrae and forearm, whereas bones of the feet, hands, and distal vertebrae are reduced in length. Such differences in body proportions reveal the flying squirrels' adaptation to minimize wing loading and to increase maneuverability while gliding. The consequence for these differences is that unlike regular squirrels, flying squirrels are not well adapted for quadrupedal locomotion and therefore must rely more heavily on their gliding abilities.
482:
implemented for safety purposes, may explain the gliding mechanism. While leaps at high speeds are important to escape danger, the high-force impact of landing on a new tree could be detrimental to a squirrel's health. Yet the gliding mechanism of flying squirrels involves structures and techniques during flight that allow for great stability and control. If a leap is miscalculated, a flying squirrel may easily steer back onto the original course by using its gliding ability. A flying squirrel also creates a large glide angle when approaching its target tree, decreasing its velocity due to an increase in air resistance and allowing all four limbs to absorb the impact of the target.
3026:
82:
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326:, a furred skin membrane that stretches from wrist to ankle. Their long tails also provide stability as they glide. Anatomically they are very similar to other squirrels with a number of adaptations to suit their lifestyle; their limb bones are longer and their hand bones, foot bones, and distal vertebrae are shorter. Flying squirrels are able to steer and exert control over their glide path with their limbs and tail.
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most likely homologous to the carpal structures that can be found in other squirrels. This cartilage along with the manus forms a wing tip to be used during gliding. After being extended, the wing tip may adjust to various angles, controlling aerodynamic movements. The wrist also changes the tautness of the
1577:
At birth, flying squirrels are mostly hairless, apart from their whiskers, and most of their senses are not present. Their internal organs are visible through the skin, and their sex can be signified. By week five, they are almost fully developed. At that point, they can respond to their environment
424:
wrist bones. There is a cartilage projection from the wrist that the squirrel holds upwards during a glide. This specialized cartilage is only present in flying squirrels and not other gliding mammals. Possible origins for the styliform cartilage have been explored, and the data suggests that it is
478:
maneuvering on the ground floor or executing dangerous leaps in the air. By gliding at high speeds, flying squirrels can rummage through a greater area of forest more quickly than tree squirrels. Flying squirrels can glide long distances by increasing their aerial speed and increasing their lift.
481:
Other hypotheses state that the mechanism evolved to avoid nearby predators and prevent injuries. If a dangerous situation arises on a specific tree, flying squirrels can glide to another, and thereby typically escape the previous danger. Furthermore, take-off and landing procedures during leaps,
1586:
Flying squirrels can easily forage for food in the night, given their highly developed sense of smell. They harvest fruits, nuts, fungi, and birds' eggs. Many gliders have specialized diets and there is evidence to believe that gliders may be able to take advantage of scattered protein deficient
477:
Several hypotheses have attempted to explain the evolution of gliding in flying squirrels. One possible explanation is related to energy efficiency and foraging. Gliding is an energetically efficient way to progress from one tree to another while foraging, as opposed to climbing down trees and
473:
Prior to the 21st century, the evolutionary history of the flying squirrel was frequently debated. This debate was clarified greatly as a result of two molecular studies. These studies found support that flying squirrels originated 18–20 million years ago, are monophyletic, and have a sister
3031:
1573:
The mating season for flying squirrels is during
February and March. When the infants are born, the female squirrels live with them in maternal nest sites. The mothers nurture and protect them until they leave the nest. The males do not participate in nurturing their offspring.
419:
between trees. They are capable of obtaining lift within the course of these flights, with flights recorded to 90 metres (300 ft). The direction and speed of the animal in midair are varied by changing the positions of its limbs, largely controlled by small
1578:
and start to develop a mind of their own. Through the upcoming weeks of their lives, they practice leaping and gliding. After two and a half months, their gliding skills are perfected, they are ready to leave the nest, and are capable of independent survival.
1509:
The life expectancy of flying squirrels in the wild is about six years, and flying squirrels can live up to fifteen years in zoos. The mortality rate in young flying squirrels is high because of predators and diseases. Predators of flying squirrels include
57:
1348:
The
Mechuka, Mishmi Hills, and Mebo giant flying squirrels were discovered in the northeastern state of India of Arunachal Pradesh in the late 2000s. Their holotypes are preserved in the collection of the Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, India.
383:
and young birds. The young are born in a nest and are at first naked and helpless. They are cared for by their mother and by five weeks are able to practice gliding skills so that by ten weeks they are ready to leave the nest.
2759:
2524:
Casanovas-Vilar, Isaac; Garcia-Porta, Joan; Fortuny, Josep; Sanisidro, Óscar; Prieto, Jérôme; Querejeta, Marina; Llácer, Sergio; Robles, Josep M; Bernardini, Federico; Alba, David M (2018-10-09).
1871:"Evolutionary Transformation of the Palmaris Longus Muscle in Flying Squirrels (Pteromyini: Sciuridae): An Anatomical Consideration of the Origin of the Uniquely Specialized Styliform Cartilage"
502:
found that this is true for all three species of North
American flying squirrels. At this time it is unknown what purpose this serves. Non-flying squirrels do not fluoresce under UV light.
3919:
2416:
Li, Quan; Cheng, Feng; Jackson, Stephen M.; Helgen, Kristofer M.; Song, Wen-Yu; Liu, Shao-Ying; Sanamxay, Daosavanh; Li, Song; Li, Fei; Xiong, Yun; Sun, Jun (2021-07-18).
2166:
Steppan, S.J.; B.L. Storz; R.S. Hoffmann (2004). "Nuclear DNA phylogeny of the squirrels (Mammalia : Rodentia) and the evolution of arboreality from c-myc and RAG1".
2058:
1727:
2790:
2418:"Phylogenetic and morphological significance of an overlooked flying squirrel (Pteromyini, Rodentia) from the eastern Himalayas with the description of a new genus"
2242:
Flaherty, E.A.; M. Ben-David; W.P. Smith (2010). "Quadrupedal locomotor performance in two species of arboreal squirrels: predicting energy savings of gliding".
3840:
2929:
2879:
1926:
Johnson-Murray, Jane L. (1977). "Myology of the
Gliding Membranes of Some Petauristine Rodents (Genera: Glaucomys, Pteromys, Petinomys, and Petaurista)".
3914:
1753:
569:) are native to North America and Central America; many other taxa are found throughout Asia as well, with the range of the Siberian Flying Squirrel (
1587:
food. Additionally, gliding is a fast form of locomotion and by reducing travel time between patches, they can increase the amount of foraging time.
3814:
429:, a furry parachute-like membrane that stretches from wrist to ankle. It has a fluffy tail that stabilizes in flight. The tail acts as an adjunct
2907:
1998:
960:
2609:
3432:
1158:
3456:
1239:
1176:
1557:, since they are not adept at escaping birds of prey that hunt during the daytime. They eat according to their environment; they are
2665:
2587:
2288:
Norberg, Ulla M. (1985). "Evolution of vertebrate flight: an aerodynamic model for the transition from gliding to active flight".
31:
3684:
3675:
3599:
3401:
3119:
2922:
2023:
1334:
1093:
929:
825:
2323:
Scheibe, John S.; Figgs, Daylan; Heiland, Jeff (1990). "Morphological attributes of gliding rodents: a preliminary analysis".
3832:
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3448:
3409:
3189:
3173:
3007:
2998:
1284:
1212:
1138:
1120:
991:
834:
3819:
1647:"The Evolution and Paleobiogeography of Flying Squirrels (Sciuridae, Pteromyini) in Response to Global Environmental Change"
2712:
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3181:
3127:
1723:
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3088:
3079:
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699:
681:
3827:
3323:
3291:
3040:
2901:
744:
717:
168:
3267:
3065:
1827:"Take-off and landing forces and the evolution of controlled gliding in northern flying squirrels Glaucomys sabrinus"
1027:
690:
2894:
81:
3845:
3559:
3543:
3504:
2915:
1618:
1248:
884:
866:
333:(of one phylum/ clade with no branching within the phylum) and originated some 18–20 million years ago. The genus
3904:
3613:
3551:
3488:
3203:
1261:
1221:
875:
630:
2778:
1419:
3909:
3638:
3575:
3354:
3331:
3236:
3228:
3111:
3102:
1391:
1365:, and given that the flying squirrels are thought to have diverged later, these are likely misidentifications.
1275:
1075:
902:
780:
753:
649:
640:
571:
64:
1776:
1449:
1377:
1788:
1561:, and will eat whatever food they can find. The North American southern flying squirrel eats seeds, insects,
1405:
1398:
339:
is the earliest lineage to the flying squirrel dating back to the late
Oligocene era. Most are nocturnal and
3567:
3535:
3362:
3283:
3150:
3141:
1474:
893:
857:
789:
708:
606:
1433:
1426:
3715:
3315:
3275:
3164:
3025:
735:
615:
1412:
1384:
387:
Some captive-bred southern flying squirrels have become domesticated as small household pets, a type of "
3866:
3661:
3652:
3583:
3376:
3307:
3057:
2731:
2684:
2595:
1482:
1466:
1311:
1018:
911:
565:
2084:"A brief history of the new world flying squirrels: Phylogeny, biogeography, and conservation genetics"
3788:
3762:
2585:
Daxner-Höck G. (2004). "Flying
Squirrels (Pteromyinae, Mammalia) from the Upper Miocene of Austria".
2175:
2124:
1543:
458:
434:
1965:
1442:
335:
3699:
2782:
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2305:
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2148:
2050:
2042:
1990:
1943:
1908:
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1666:
593:
553:
76:
3871:
974:
465:
mammals that use their patagium to glide, unpowered, to move quickly through their environment.
2873:
2115:
Mercer, J.M.; V.L. Roth (2003). "The effects of cenozoic global change on squirrel phylogeny".
3853:
3775:
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2640:
2565:
2547:
2455:
2437:
2365:
2259:
2191:
2140:
1900:
1892:
1848:
1646:
1459:
3881:
2830:
2774:
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2555:
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2429:
2396:
2355:
2297:
2251:
2222:
2183:
2132:
2095:
2034:
1980:
1935:
1882:
1838:
1772:
1658:
559:
416:
308:
3858:
3753:
2526:"Oldest skeleton of a fossil flying squirrel casts new light on the phylogeny of the group"
2506:
Choudhury, A.U. (2013). Description of a new species of giant flying squirrel of the genus
399:
3030:
2744:
2697:
1527:
1060:
811:
388:
296:
202:
1869:
Kawashima, Tomokazu; Thorington, Richard W.; Bohaska, Paula W.; Sato, Fumi (2017-02-01).
2760:"Standing crop and animal consumption of fungal sporocarps in Pacific Northwest forests"
2669:
2179:
2128:
1497:
582:
Thorington and
Hoffman (2005) recognize 15 genera of flying squirrels in two subtribes.
2560:
2525:
2450:
2433:
2417:
1623:
1604:
852:
676:
3020:
2187:
461:, although are not particularly close in relation. Like the flying squirrel, they are
3898:
2868:
2860:
Thorington, R. W. Jr. and R. S. Hoffman. 2005. Family
Sciuridae. pp. 754–818 in
2383:
Anich, Paula Spaeth; Martin, Jonathan G.; Olson, Erik R.; Kohler, Allison M. (2019).
2054:
1370:
635:
421:
314:. Despite their name, they are not in fact capable of full flight in the same way as
2786:
2636:
2309:
2152:
1784:
1691:
1670:
3767:
2987:
1912:
491:
454:
2271:
56:
3780:
3801:
3747:
2819:"Ecological and biomechanical insights into the evolution of gliding in mammals"
2716:
2344:"Ecological and Biomechanical Insights into the Evolution of Gliding in Mammals"
1825:
Paskins, Keith E.; Bowyer, Adrian; Megill, William M.; Scheibe, John S. (2007).
1324:
1297:
802:
600:
274:
268:
238:
208:
2864:. D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder eds. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
2385:"Ultraviolet fluorescence discovered in New World flying squirrels (Glaucomys)"
3423:
2628:
2255:
2227:
2211:"How to make a flying squirrel: Glaucomys anatomy in phylogenetic perspective"
2210:
2100:
2083:
1662:
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450:
364:
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93:
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30:
This article is about the member of the animal kingdom. For other uses, see
2844:
2569:
2459:
2369:
2263:
2195:
2144:
1904:
1852:
17:
3738:
3732:
2975:
2969:
2835:
2818:
2512:
The
Newsletter & Journal of the Rhino Foundation for nat. in NE India
2495:
The
Newsletter & Journal of the Rhino Foundation for nat. in NE India
2478:
The Newsletter & Journal of the Rhino Foundation for nat. in NE India
2360:
2343:
1302:
1110:
1009:
771:
534:
426:
380:
340:
323:
311:
304:
262:
143:
113:
2542:
322:, but they are able to glide from one tree to another with the aid of a
2046:
1994:
1947:
1515:
1266:
1040:
1004:
981:
955:
430:
300:
196:
190:
184:
3806:
2872:
1843:
1826:
2981:
2963:
1887:
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1535:
1531:
1523:
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1306:
1013:
947:
807:
576:
446:
372:
368:
360:
356:
133:
123:
103:
3709:
2510:
Link, 1795 from Siang Basin, Arunachal Pradesh in North East India.
2038:
1985:
1939:
2301:
1565:(slugs and snails), spiders, shrubs, flowers, fungi, and tree sap.
3345:
2489:
Choudhury, A.U. (2009). One more new flying squirrel of the genus
1598:
1496:
1329:
1270:
1114:
1069:
1065:
986:
951:
766:
457:
are gliding mammals which are similar to flying squirrels through
398:
348:
344:
232:
3793:
2862:
Mammal Species of the World a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
408:
376:
352:
315:
3713:
2911:
1357:
Flying squirrels have a well-documented fossil record from the
1519:
992:
Groove-toothed flying squirrel (North Chinese flying squirrel)
412:
319:
2779:
10.1890/0012-9658(1997)078[1543:SCAACO]2.0.CO;2
2472:
Choudhury, A.U. (2007). A new flying squirrel of the genus
490:
In 2019 it was observed, by chance, that a flying squirrel
634:– New World flying squirrels (American flying squirrels),
494:
pink under UV light. Subsequent research by biologists at
1777:
10.3106/1348-6160(2007)32[151:GAOTSF]2.0.CO;2
1964:
Thorington, R.W Jr.; Darrow, K.; Anderson, C.G. (1998).
2812:
2810:
2493:
Link, 1795 from Arunachal Pradesh in north-east India.
1966:"Wing Tip Anatomy and Aerodynamics in Flying Squirrels"
329:
Molecular studies have shown that flying squirrels are
2608:
Thorington, R.W Jr.; Pitassy, D.; Jansa, S.A. (2002).
1692:"Do Southern Flying Squirrels make Good Pets to Keep?"
781:
Javanese flying squirrel (Horsfield's flying squirrel)
1726:. University of Michigan Museum of Natural History.
1724:"ADW: Glaucomys sabrinus – Northern flying squirrel"
3722:
3673:
3650:
3611:
3524:
3421:
3374:
3343:
3248:
3201:
3162:
3139:
3100:
3077:
3038:
2996:
2581:
2579:
2209:Thorington, Richard W.; Santana, Erica M. (2007).
1155:- giant flying squirrels, Southeast and East Asia
2476:Link from Arunachal Pradesh in north-east India.
1754:"Gliding ability of the Siberian flying squirrel
1542:. In the Pacific Northwest of North America, the
407:Flying squirrels are not capable of flight like
2610:"Phylogenies of Flying Squirrels (Pteromyinae)"
2325:Transactions of the Missouri Academy of Science
1361:onwards. Some fossil genera go far back as the
2895:Flying Squirrels, National Wildlife Foundation
2923:
2588:Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien
1959:
1957:
8:
2883:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
2758:North, M.; Trappe, J.; Franklin, J. (1995).
1550:) is a common predator of flying squirrels.
2668:. Northern State University. Archived from
1752:Asari, Y; Yanagawa, H.; Oshida, T. (2007).
3710:
2930:
2916:
2908:
1747:
1745:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1711:
55:
38:
3920:Taxa named by Johann Friedrich von Brandt
2834:
2559:
2541:
2449:
2400:
2359:
2226:
2099:
1984:
1886:
1842:
1722:Malamuth, E.; Mulheisen, M. (1995–2008).
2342:Byrnes, Greg; Spence, Andrew J. (2011).
1634:
2740:
2729:
2693:
2682:
2283:
2281:
2168:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
961:Himalayan large-eared flying squirrel
532:flying squirrels belong to the genus
518:flying squirrels belong to the genus
7:
3433:Red and white giant flying squirrel
2022:Carraway, L.N.; Verts, B.J. (1994).
1864:
1862:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1808:
1640:
1638:
2823:Integrative and Comparative Biology
2348:Integrative and Comparative Biology
2244:Journal of Comparative Physiology B
1831:The Journal of Experimental Biology
1730:from the original on 12 August 2009
1159:Red and white giant flying squirrel
575:) reaching into parts of northeast
2434:10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2021.039
1240:Mishmi Hills giant flying squirrel
25:
3915:Extant Rupelian first appearances
2902:Animal Diversity Web: Pteromyinae
1486:(Reumer & Hoek Ostende, 2003)
3685:Complex-toothed flying squirrel
3457:Hodgson's giant flying squirrel
3122:(Biswamoyopterus gaoligongensis)
3120:Mount Gaoligong flying squirrel
3029:
3024:
3019:
2817:Byrnes, G.; A.J. Spence (2011).
1597:
1008:– large black flying squirrels,
437:before landing on a tree trunk.
80:
32:Flying squirrel (disambiguation)
3631:Japanese dwarf flying squirrel
3449:Japanese giant flying squirrel
3410:Selangor pygmy flying squirrel
3190:Tibetan woolly flying squirrel
3174:Western woolly flying squirrel
3008:Groove-toothed flying squirrel
2064:from the original on 2010-01-07
2004:from the original on 2009-04-09
1335:Complex-toothed flying squirrel
1177:Hodgson's giant flying squirrel
1094:Mount Gaoligong flying squirrel
579:(Russia, Finland and Estonia).
545:The three species of the genus
3513:Chinese giant flying squirrel
3465:Mechuka giant flying squirrel
3441:Spotted giant flying squirrel
3182:Yunnan woolly flying squirrel
3128:Laotian giant flying squirrel
3048:(Large black flying squirrels)
2617:Journal of Mammalian Evolution
1285:Japanese dwarf flying squirrel
1265:– Old World flying squirrels,
1213:Japanese giant flying squirrel
1139:Tibetan woolly flying squirrel
1121:Western woolly flying squirrel
1097:Biswamoyopterus gaoligongensis
835:Selangor pygmy flying squirrel
1:
3600:Vordermann's flying squirrel
3497:Indian giant flying squirrel
3481:Bhutan giant flying squirrel
3473:Mishmi giant flying squirrel
3402:Hose's pygmy flying squirrel
3394:Lesser pygmy flying squirrel
3260:Particolored flying squirrel
3089:Hairy-footed flying squirrel
2188:10.1016/S1055-7903(03)00204-5
1553:Flying squirrels are usually
1478:(Bouwens and De Bruijn, 1986)
1231:Mechuka giant flying squirrel
1204:Chinese giant flying squirrel
1168:Spotted giant flying squirrel
1130:Yunnan woolly flying squirrel
1085:Laotian giant flying squirrel
3621:(Old World flying squirrels)
3324:Red-cheeked flying squirrel
3292:Indochinese flying squirrel
3211:(New World flying squirrels)
2664:Studelska, Rebecca. (1997).
1615:, aka: scaly-tailed squirrel
1501:A southern flying squirrel (
1195:Indian giant flying squirrel
1186:Bhutan giant flying squirrel
1048:Hairy-footed flying squirrel
930:Vordermann's flying squirrel
826:Hose's pygmy flying squirrel
817:Lesser pygmy flying squirrel
700:Gray-cheeked flying squirrel
682:Particolored flying squirrel
3664:(Pteromyscus pulverulentus)
3592:Temminck's flying squirrel
3544:Travancore flying squirrel
3505:Mebo giant flying squirrel
3221:Humboldt's flying squirrel
2711:Patterson., Robert (2009).
2666:"Northern Flying Squirrels"
1645:Lu, Xuefei (24 June 2012).
745:Red-cheeked flying squirrel
718:Indochinese flying squirrel
3936:
3552:Whiskered flying squirrel
3489:Red giant flying squirrel
3300:Jentink's flying squirrel
3130:(Biswamoyopterus laoensis)
3017:
1619:Flying and gliding animals
1420:Miopetaurista neogrivensis
1249:Mebo giant flying squirrel
921:Temminck's flying squirrel
867:Travancore flying squirrel
806:– pygmy flying squirrels,
659:Humboldt's flying squirrel
287:(scientifically known as
29:
3696:
3639:Siberian flying squirrel
3576:Mindanao flying squirrel
3546:(Petinomys fuscocapillus)
3499:(Petaurista philippensis)
3467:(Petaurista mechukaensis)
3355:Javanese flying squirrel
3332:Sumatran flying squirrel
3268:Bartel's flying squirrel
3237:Southern flying squirrel
3229:Northern flying squirrel
3114:(Biswamoyopterus biswasi)
3112:Namdapha flying squirrel
3066:Thomas's flying squirrel
2958:
2938:Extant species of family
2256:10.1007/s00360-010-0470-1
2228:10.1644/06-mamm-s-325r2.1
2101:10.1644/06-MAMM-S-322R1.1
1663:10.1007/s11692-012-9191-6
1392:Miopetaurista diescalidus
1316:Pteromyscus pulverulentus
1222:Red giant flying squirrel
954:and adjoining regions of
876:Whiskered flying squirrel
727:Jentink's flying squirrel
403:A flying squirrel gliding
181:
176:
77:Scientific classification
75:
63:
54:
41:
3568:Siberut flying squirrel
3560:Hagen's flying squirrel
3536:Basilan flying squirrel
3475:(Petaurista mishmiensis)
3384:(Pygmy flying squirrels)
3363:Mentawi flying squirrel
3284:Palawan flying squirrel
3153:(Eoglaucomys fimbriatus)
3151:Kashmir flying squirrel
1450:Pliopetaurista kollmanni
1378:Miopetaurista crusafonti
1276:Siberian flying squirrel
1089:Biswamoyopterus laoensis
1076:Namdapha flying squirrel
1028:Thomas's flying squirrel
903:Mindanao flying squirrel
754:Sumatran flying squirrel
691:Bartel's flying squirrel
650:Northern flying squirrel
641:Southern flying squirrel
65:Northern flying squirrel
3687:(Trogopterus xanthipes)
3602:(Petinomys vordermanni)
3578:(Petinomys mindanensis)
3507:(Petaurista siangensis)
3491:(Petaurista petaurista)
3459:(Petaurista magnificus)
3451:(Petaurista leucogenys)
3412:(Petaurillus kinlochii)
3316:Sipora flying squirrel
3276:Hainan flying squirrel
3223:(Glaucomys oregonensis)
3192:(Eupetaurus tibetensis)
2880:Encyclopædia Britannica
2874:"Flying-squirrel"
2629:10.1023/A:1021335912016
2137:10.1126/science.1079705
2082:Arbogast, B.S. (2007).
1406:Miopetaurista gibberosa
1399:Miopetaurista gaillardi
1235:Petaurista mechukaensis
1199:Petaurista philippensis
1080:Biswamoyopterus biswasi
894:Siberut flying squirrel
885:Hagen's flying squirrel
871:Petinomys fuscocapillus
858:Basilan flying squirrel
790:Mentawi flying squirrel
709:Palawan flying squirrel
607:Kashmir flying squirrel
441:Similar gliding animals
3662:Smoky flying squirrel
3584:Arrow flying squirrel
3554:(Petinomys genibarbis)
3515:(Petaurista xanthotis)
3435:(Petaurista alborufus)
3308:Arrow flying squirrel
3058:Black flying squirrel
3010:(Aeretes melanopterus)
2739:Cite journal requires
2692:Cite journal requires
2402:10.1093/jmammal/gyy177
1506:
1475:Neopetes macedoniensis
1244:Petaurista mishmiensis
736:Sipora flying squirrel
616:Afghan flying squirrel
611:Eoglaucomys fimbriatus
404:
45:Temporal range: Early
3867:Paleobiology Database
3396:(Petaurillus emiliae)
3326:(Hylopetes spadiceus)
3302:(Hylopetes platyurus)
3278:(Hylopetes electilis)
3262:(Hylopetes alboniger)
3184:(Eupetaurus nivamons)
3176:(Eupetaurus cinereus)
3060:(Aeromys tephromelas)
1875:The Anatomical Record
1500:
1434:Miopetaurista tobieni
1427:Miopetaurista thaleri
1339:Trogopterus xanthipes
1312:Smoky flying squirrel
1253:Petaurista siangensis
1226:Petaurista petaurista
1217:Petaurista leucogenys
1181:Petaurista magnificus
1143:Eupetaurus tibetensis
1019:Black flying squirrel
934:Petinomys vordermanni
912:Arrow flying squirrel
907:Petinomys mindanensis
839:Petaurillus kinlochii
663:Glaucomys oregonensis
566:Glaucomys oregonensis
402:
3538:(Petinomys crinitus)
3483:(Petaurista nobilis)
3443:(Petaurista elegans)
3334:(Hylopetes winstoni)
3286:(Hylopetes nigripes)
3270:(Hylopetes bartelsi)
3231:(Glaucomys sabrinus)
2672:on February 19, 2008
2389:Journal of Mammalogy
2215:Journal of Mammalogy
2088:Journal of Mammalogy
1973:Journal of Mammalogy
1928:Journal of Mammalogy
1756:Pteromys volans orii
1651:Evolutionary Biology
1544:northern spotted owl
1208:Petaurista xanthotis
1163:Petaurista alborufus
996:Aeretes melanopterus
880:Petinomys genibarbis
469:Evolutionary history
459:convergent evolution
3594:(Petinomys setosus)
3586:(Petinomys sagitta)
3404:(Petaurillus hosei)
3310:(Hylopetes sagitta)
3294:(Hylopetes phayrei)
3091:(Belomys pearsonii)
2543:10.7554/eLife.39270
2422:Zoological Research
2290:American Naturalist
2180:2004MolPE..30..703S
2129:2003Sci...299.1568M
2123:(5612): 1568–1572.
1837:(Pt 8): 1413–1423.
1413:Miopetaurista lappi
1385:Miopetaurista dehmi
1134:Eupetaurus nivamons
1125:Eupetaurus cinereus
1072:and southeast Asia
1023:Aeromys tephromelas
821:Petaurillus emiliae
749:Hylopetes spadiceus
731:Hylopetes platyurus
686:Hylopetes alboniger
588:– flying squirrels
3633:(Pteromys momonga)
3570:(Petinomys lugens)
3562:(Petinomys hageni)
3357:(Iomys horsfieldi)
3318:(Hylopetes sipora)
3239:(Glaucomys volans)
2950:(Flying squirrels)
2836:10.1093/icb/icr069
2361:10.1093/icb/icr069
1548:Strix occidentalis
1507:
1483:Neopetes debruijni
1467:Neopetes hoeckarum
1190:Petaurista nobilis
1172:Petaurista elegans
862:Petinomys crinitus
758:Hylopetes winstoni
713:Hylopetes nigripes
695:Hylopetes bartelsi
654:Glaucomys sabrinus
554:Glaucomys sabrinus
405:
69:Glaucomys sabrinus
3892:
3891:
3854:Open Tree of Life
3716:Taxon identifiers
3707:
3706:
3641:(Pteromys volans)
3624:
3387:
3214:
3068:(Aeromys thomasi)
3051:
2951:
2514:9: 30–38, plates.
2497:8: 26–34, plates.
2480:7: 26–34, plates.
2031:Mammalian Species
2024:"Sciurus griseus"
1844:10.1242/jeb.02747
1470:(De Bruijn, 1998)
1453:Daxner-Höck, 2004
1052:Belomys pearsonii
1044:, Southeast Asia
925:Petinomys setosus
916:Petinomys sagitta
830:Petaurillus hosei
722:Hylopetes phayrei
704:Hylopetes lepidus
496:Northland College
282:
281:
172:
16:(Redirected from
3927:
3905:Flying squirrels
3885:
3884:
3875:
3874:
3862:
3861:
3849:
3848:
3836:
3835:
3823:
3822:
3810:
3809:
3797:
3796:
3784:
3783:
3771:
3770:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3743:
3742:
3741:
3711:
3623:
3622:
3618:
3386:
3385:
3381:
3213:
3212:
3208:
3050:
3049:
3045:
3033:
3028:
3023:
2949:
2932:
2925:
2918:
2909:
2904:, classification
2884:
2876:
2849:
2848:
2838:
2814:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2795:
2789:. Archived from
2773:(5): 1543–1554.
2764:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2742:
2737:
2735:
2727:
2725:
2724:
2715:. Archived from
2708:
2702:
2701:
2695:
2690:
2688:
2680:
2678:
2677:
2661:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2645:
2639:. Archived from
2614:
2605:
2599:
2583:
2574:
2573:
2563:
2545:
2521:
2515:
2504:
2498:
2487:
2481:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2453:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2363:
2339:
2333:
2332:
2320:
2314:
2313:
2285:
2276:
2275:
2250:(7): 1067–1078.
2239:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2206:
2200:
2199:
2163:
2157:
2156:
2112:
2106:
2105:
2103:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2063:
2028:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2009:
2003:
1988:
1970:
1961:
1952:
1951:
1923:
1917:
1916:
1890:
1888:10.1002/ar.23471
1866:
1857:
1856:
1846:
1822:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1799:
1793:
1787:. Archived from
1762:
1749:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1719:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1642:
1607:
1602:
1601:
1503:Glaucomys volans
1289:Pteromys momonga
898:Petinomys lugens
889:Petinomys hageni
785:Iomys horsfieldi
740:Hylopetes sipora
645:Glaucomys volans
586:Tribe Pteromyini
560:Glaucomys volans
433:, working as an
415:; instead, they
285:Flying squirrels
167:
85:
84:
59:
39:
27:Tribe of mammals
21:
3935:
3934:
3930:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3910:Gliding animals
3895:
3894:
3893:
3888:
3880:
3878:
3870:
3865:
3857:
3852:
3844:
3839:
3831:
3826:
3818:
3813:
3805:
3800:
3792:
3787:
3779:
3774:
3766:
3761:
3752:
3751:
3746:
3737:
3736:
3731:
3718:
3708:
3703:
3692:
3669:
3646:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3607:
3520:
3417:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3370:
3339:
3244:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3197:
3158:
3135:
3103:Biswamoyopterus
3096:
3073:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3034:
3015:
2992:
2954:
2936:
2891:
2867:
2857:
2855:Further reading
2852:
2829:(6): 991–1001.
2816:
2815:
2808:
2799:
2797:
2793:
2762:
2757:
2756:
2752:
2738:
2728:
2722:
2720:
2710:
2709:
2705:
2691:
2681:
2675:
2673:
2663:
2662:
2658:
2649:
2647:
2643:
2623:(1–2): 99–135.
2612:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2584:
2577:
2523:
2522:
2518:
2505:
2501:
2488:
2484:
2471:
2467:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2354:(6): 991–1001.
2341:
2340:
2336:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2287:
2286:
2279:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2208:
2207:
2203:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2067:
2065:
2061:
2039:10.2307/3504097
2026:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2007:
2005:
2001:
1986:10.2307/1382860
1968:
1963:
1962:
1955:
1940:10.2307/1379336
1925:
1924:
1920:
1868:
1867:
1860:
1824:
1823:
1806:
1797:
1795:
1791:
1760:
1751:
1750:
1743:
1733:
1731:
1721:
1720:
1709:
1700:
1698:
1696:petcaretips.net
1690:
1689:
1685:
1675:
1673:
1657:(40): 117–132.
1644:
1643:
1636:
1632:
1603:
1596:
1593:
1584:
1571:
1495:
1355:
1280:Pteromys volans
1064:, northeastern
1061:Biswamoyopterus
1032:Aeromys thomasi
985:, northeastern
812:Malay Peninsula
572:Pteromys volans
513:
508:
488:
471:
443:
397:
272:
266:
260:
254:
248:
242:
236:
230:
224:
218:
212:
206:
203:Biswamoyopterus
200:
194:
188:
166:
79:
50:
43:
42:Flying squirrel
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3933:
3931:
3923:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3897:
3896:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3886:
3876:
3863:
3850:
3837:
3824:
3811:
3798:
3785:
3772:
3759:
3744:
3728:
3726:
3720:
3719:
3714:
3705:
3704:
3697:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3690:
3681:
3679:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3667:
3658:
3656:
3648:
3647:
3645:
3644:
3636:
3627:
3625:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3597:
3589:
3581:
3573:
3565:
3557:
3549:
3541:
3532:
3530:
3522:
3521:
3519:
3518:
3510:
3502:
3494:
3486:
3478:
3470:
3462:
3454:
3446:
3438:
3429:
3427:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3407:
3399:
3390:
3388:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3368:
3365:(Iomys sipora)
3360:
3351:
3349:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3337:
3329:
3321:
3313:
3305:
3297:
3289:
3281:
3273:
3265:
3256:
3254:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3242:
3234:
3226:
3217:
3215:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3195:
3187:
3179:
3170:
3168:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3156:
3147:
3145:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3133:
3125:
3117:
3108:
3106:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3094:
3085:
3083:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3071:
3063:
3054:
3052:
3036:
3035:
3018:
3016:
3014:
3013:
3004:
3002:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2984:
2978:
2972:
2966:
2959:
2956:
2955:
2937:
2935:
2934:
2927:
2920:
2912:
2906:
2905:
2898:
2897:
2890:
2889:External links
2887:
2886:
2885:
2871:, ed. (1911).
2869:Chisholm, Hugh
2865:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2850:
2806:
2750:
2741:|journal=
2703:
2694:|journal=
2656:
2600:
2575:
2516:
2499:
2482:
2465:
2428:(4): 389–400.
2408:
2375:
2334:
2315:
2302:10.1086/284419
2296:(3): 303–327.
2277:
2234:
2221:(4): 882–896.
2201:
2174:(3): 703–719.
2158:
2107:
2094:(4): 840–849.
2074:
2014:
1979:(1): 245–250.
1953:
1934:(3): 374–384.
1918:
1881:(2): 340–352.
1858:
1804:
1771:(4): 151–154.
1741:
1707:
1683:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1626:
1624:Gliding possum
1621:
1616:
1609:
1608:
1605:Mammals portal
1592:
1589:
1583:
1580:
1570:
1567:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1479:
1471:
1456:
1455:
1454:
1443:Pliopetaurista
1439:
1438:
1437:
1430:
1423:
1416:
1409:
1402:
1395:
1388:
1381:
1354:
1353:Fossil species
1351:
1346:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1342:
1341:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1293:
1292:
1291:
1282:
1257:
1256:
1255:
1246:
1237:
1228:
1219:
1210:
1201:
1192:
1183:
1174:
1165:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1136:
1127:
1101:
1100:
1099:
1091:
1082:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1036:
1035:
1034:
1025:
1000:
999:
998:
971:
970:
969:
968:
967:
938:
937:
936:
927:
918:
909:
900:
891:
882:
873:
864:
853:Southeast Asia
843:
842:
841:
832:
823:
798:
797:
796:
787:
762:
761:
760:
751:
742:
733:
724:
715:
706:
697:
688:
677:Southeast Asia
667:
666:
665:
656:
647:
626:
625:
624:
623:
622:
526:gleaming mouse
512:
511:Recent species
509:
507:
504:
487:
484:
470:
467:
442:
439:
396:
393:
280:
279:
179:
178:
174:
173:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
141:
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
121:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
101:
97:
96:
91:
87:
86:
73:
72:
61:
60:
52:
51:
44:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3932:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3902:
3900:
3883:
3877:
3873:
3868:
3864:
3860:
3855:
3851:
3847:
3842:
3838:
3834:
3829:
3825:
3821:
3816:
3812:
3808:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3764:
3760:
3755:
3749:
3745:
3740:
3734:
3730:
3729:
3727:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3712:
3702:
3701:
3695:
3689:
3688:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3678:
3677:
3672:
3666:
3665:
3660:
3659:
3657:
3655:
3654:
3649:
3643:
3642:
3637:
3635:
3634:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3616:
3615:
3610:
3604:
3603:
3598:
3596:
3595:
3590:
3588:
3587:
3582:
3580:
3579:
3574:
3572:
3571:
3566:
3564:
3563:
3558:
3556:
3555:
3550:
3548:
3547:
3542:
3540:
3539:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3529:
3528:
3523:
3517:
3516:
3511:
3509:
3508:
3503:
3501:
3500:
3495:
3493:
3492:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3479:
3477:
3476:
3471:
3469:
3468:
3463:
3461:
3460:
3455:
3453:
3452:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3439:
3437:
3436:
3431:
3430:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3420:
3414:
3413:
3408:
3406:
3405:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3379:
3378:
3373:
3367:
3366:
3361:
3359:
3358:
3353:
3352:
3350:
3348:
3347:
3342:
3336:
3335:
3330:
3328:
3327:
3322:
3320:
3319:
3314:
3312:
3311:
3306:
3304:
3303:
3298:
3296:
3295:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3282:
3280:
3279:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3247:
3241:
3240:
3235:
3233:
3232:
3227:
3225:
3224:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3206:
3205:
3200:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3186:
3185:
3180:
3178:
3177:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3161:
3155:
3154:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3138:
3132:
3131:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3118:
3116:
3115:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3099:
3093:
3092:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3076:
3070:
3069:
3064:
3062:
3061:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3012:
3011:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2995:
2989:
2985:
2983:
2979:
2977:
2973:
2971:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2960:
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2796:on 2010-06-10
2792:
2788:
2784:
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2772:
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2761:
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2733:
2719:on 2009-01-30
2718:
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2707:
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2667:
2660:
2657:
2646:on 2011-06-11
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2018:
2015:
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1996:
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1794:on 2010-07-11
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1371:Miopetaurista
1368:
1367:
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1333:
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636:North America
633:
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621:
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608:
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475:
468:
466:
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448:
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422:cartilaginous
418:
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401:
394:
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385:
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378:
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58:
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40:
37:
33:
19:
3723:
3698:
3686:
3674:
3663:
3651:
3640:
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3612:
3601:
3593:
3585:
3577:
3569:
3561:
3553:
3545:
3537:
3525:
3514:
3506:
3498:
3490:
3482:
3474:
3466:
3458:
3450:
3442:
3434:
3422:
3411:
3403:
3395:
3375:
3364:
3356:
3344:
3333:
3325:
3317:
3309:
3301:
3293:
3285:
3277:
3269:
3261:
3249:
3238:
3230:
3222:
3202:
3191:
3183:
3175:
3163:
3152:
3140:
3129:
3121:
3113:
3101:
3090:
3078:
3067:
3059:
3039:
3009:
2997:
2988:Sciuromorpha
2947:
2878:
2861:
2826:
2822:
2798:. Retrieved
2791:the original
2770:
2766:
2753:
2732:cite journal
2721:. Retrieved
2717:the original
2713:"Life Cycle"
2706:
2685:cite journal
2674:. Retrieved
2670:the original
2659:
2648:. Retrieved
2641:the original
2620:
2616:
2603:
2591:
2586:
2533:
2529:
2519:
2511:
2507:
2502:
2494:
2490:
2485:
2477:
2473:
2468:
2425:
2421:
2411:
2392:
2388:
2378:
2351:
2347:
2337:
2328:
2324:
2318:
2293:
2289:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2218:
2214:
2204:
2171:
2167:
2161:
2120:
2116:
2110:
2091:
2087:
2077:
2066:. Retrieved
2033:(474): 1–7.
2030:
2017:
2006:. Retrieved
1976:
1972:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1878:
1874:
1834:
1830:
1796:. Retrieved
1789:the original
1768:
1765:Mammal Study
1764:
1755:
1732:. Retrieved
1699:. Retrieved
1695:
1686:
1674:. Retrieved
1654:
1650:
1585:
1576:
1572:
1569:Reproduction
1552:
1547:
1508:
1502:
1481:
1473:
1465:
1458:
1448:
1441:
1432:
1425:
1418:
1411:
1404:
1397:
1390:
1383:
1376:
1369:
1356:
1347:
1338:
1323:
1315:
1296:
1288:
1279:
1260:
1252:
1243:
1234:
1225:
1216:
1207:
1198:
1189:
1180:
1171:
1162:
1150:
1142:
1133:
1124:
1104:
1096:
1088:
1079:
1068:to southern
1059:
1051:
1039:
1031:
1022:
1003:
995:
980:
964:
941:
933:
924:
915:
906:
897:
888:
879:
870:
861:
846:
838:
829:
820:
801:
794:Iomys sipora
793:
784:
765:
757:
748:
739:
730:
721:
712:
703:
694:
685:
670:
662:
653:
644:
629:
620:E. f. baberi
619:
610:
599:
585:
584:
581:
570:
564:
558:
552:
546:
544:
540:winged mouse
539:
533:
529:
525:
519:
515:
514:
498:in Northern
489:
486:Fluorescence
480:
476:
472:
455:Anomaluridae
444:
406:
386:
336:Paracitellus
334:
331:monophyletic
328:
293:Petauristini
292:
288:
284:
283:
273:
267:
261:
255:
249:
243:
237:
231:
225:
219:
213:
207:
201:
195:
189:
183:
182:
163:
68:
36:
3802:iNaturalist
3748:Wikispecies
3676:Trogopterus
3653:Pteromyscus
3377:Petaurillus
3142:Eoglaucomys
2948:Pteromyini
2942:(subfamily
2594:: 387–423.
1512:tree snakes
1493:Life cycles
1325:Trogopterus
1301:, southern
1298:Pteromyscus
965:P. leonardi
803:Petaurillus
601:Eoglaucomys
594:Glaucomyina
538:(Greek for
524:(Greek for
395:Description
275:Trogopterus
269:Pteromyscus
239:Petaurillus
209:Eoglaucomys
150:Subfamily:
3899:Categories
3768:Pteromyini
3754:Pteromyini
3724:Pteromyini
3424:Petaurista
3165:Eupetaurus
2986:Suborder:
2800:2009-07-14
2723:2009-09-14
2676:2009-09-14
2650:2009-07-14
2536:: e39270.
2508:Petaurista
2491:Petaurista
2474:Petaurista
2068:2009-07-14
2008:2009-07-14
1798:2009-07-14
1701:2018-02-23
1676:28 October
1630:References
1563:gastropods
1559:omnivorous
1540:feral cats
1152:Petaurista
1106:Eupetaurus
975:Pteromyina
946:, western
492:fluoresced
463:scansorial
451:Petauridae
389:pocket pet
365:gastropods
341:omnivorous
289:Pteromyini
245:Petaurista
215:Eupetaurus
164:Pteromyini
18:Pteromyini
3527:Petinomys
3251:Hylopetes
3204:Glaucomys
2962:Kingdom:
2944:Sciurinae
2940:Sciuridae
2552:2050-084X
2442:2095-8137
2395:: 21–30.
2055:253911325
1897:1932-8494
1613:Anomalure
1555:nocturnal
1505:) gliding
1359:Oligocene
973:Subtribe
943:Priapomys
848:Petinomys
776:Indonesia
672:Hylopetes
631:Glaucomys
592:Subtribe
548:Glaucomys
530:Old World
521:Glaucomys
516:New World
500:Wisconsin
435:air brake
379:'s eggs,
343:, eating
312:Sciuridae
305:squirrels
257:Priapomys
251:Petinomys
227:Hylopetes
221:Glaucomys
154:Sciurinae
144:Sciuridae
100:Kingdom:
94:Eukaryota
47:Oligocene
3833:12400279
3733:Wikidata
3700:Category
3614:Pteromys
2982:Rodentia
2976:Mammalia
2970:Chordata
2968:Phylum:
2964:Animalia
2845:21719434
2787:86779270
2637:12443674
2570:30296996
2460:34047079
2370:21719434
2331:: 49–56.
2310:85306259
2264:20361193
2196:15012949
2153:40366357
2145:12595609
2059:Archived
1999:Archived
1905:27611816
1853:17401124
1785:59025388
1728:Archived
1671:15742612
1591:See also
1516:raccoons
1460:Neopetes
1303:Thailand
1262:Pteromys
1111:Pakistan
1010:Thailand
810:and the
772:Malaysia
535:Pteromys
506:Taxonomy
427:patagium
381:tree sap
324:patagium
295:) are a
263:Pteromys
140:Family:
134:Rodentia
124:Mammalia
114:Chordata
110:Phylum:
104:Animalia
90:Domain:
49:– Recent
3882:5954009
3794:4467455
3080:Belomys
3041:Aeromys
2999:Aeretes
2980:Order:
2974:Class:
2767:Ecology
2561:6177260
2451:8317177
2176:Bibcode
2125:Bibcode
2117:Science
2047:3504097
1995:1382860
1948:1379336
1913:3628991
1734:14 July
1536:bobcats
1532:coyotes
1528:fishers
1524:martens
1267:Finland
1117:; rare
1041:Belomys
1005:Aeromys
982:Aeretes
956:Myanmar
447:colugos
431:airfoil
369:spiders
361:insects
357:flowers
307:in the
301:species
197:Belomys
191:Aeromys
185:Aeretes
177:Genera
160:Tribe:
130:Order:
120:Class:
3879:uBio:
3872:357649
3846:337748
3820:930209
3807:339576
2953:tribe)
2843:
2785:
2635:
2568:
2558:
2550:
2458:
2448:
2440:
2368:
2308:
2272:240833
2270:
2262:
2194:
2151:
2143:
2053:
2045:
1993:
1946:
1911:
1903:
1895:
1851:
1783:
1669:
1538:, and
1363:Eocene
1322:Genus
1307:Borneo
1295:Genus
1259:Genus
1149:Genus
1103:Genus
1058:Genus
1038:Genus
1014:Borneo
1002:Genus
979:Genus
948:Yunnan
940:Genus
845:Genus
808:Borneo
800:Genus
764:Genus
669:Genus
628:Genus
598:Genus
577:Europe
453:, and
309:family
299:of 50
171:, 1855
169:Brandt
3859:23775
3739:Q9490
3346:Iomys
2794:(PDF)
2783:S2CID
2763:(PDF)
2644:(PDF)
2633:S2CID
2613:(PDF)
2530:eLife
2306:S2CID
2268:S2CID
2149:S2CID
2062:(PDF)
2051:S2CID
2043:JSTOR
2027:(PDF)
2002:(PDF)
1991:JSTOR
1969:(PDF)
1944:JSTOR
1909:S2CID
1792:(PDF)
1781:S2CID
1761:(PDF)
1667:S2CID
1330:China
1271:Japan
1115:China
1070:China
1066:India
987:China
952:China
767:Iomys
417:glide
409:birds
373:fungi
349:seeds
345:fruit
316:birds
297:tribe
233:Iomys
3841:NCBI
3815:ITIS
2841:PMID
2745:help
2698:help
2592:106A
2566:PMID
2548:ISSN
2456:PMID
2438:ISSN
2366:PMID
2260:PMID
2192:PMID
2141:PMID
1901:PMID
1893:ISSN
1849:PMID
1736:2009
1678:2021
1582:Diet
1520:owls
774:and
563:and
542:).
445:The
413:bats
377:bird
353:buds
320:bats
3828:MSW
3789:EoL
3781:L73
3776:CoL
3763:ADW
2831:doi
2775:doi
2625:doi
2596:PDF
2556:PMC
2538:doi
2446:PMC
2430:doi
2397:doi
2393:100
2356:doi
2298:doi
2294:126
2252:doi
2248:180
2223:doi
2184:doi
2133:doi
2121:299
2096:doi
2035:doi
1981:doi
1936:doi
1883:doi
1879:300
1839:doi
1835:210
1773:doi
1659:doi
1305:to
1269:to
1113:to
1012:to
950:in
528:).
411:or
391:".
318:or
303:of
291:or
3901::
3869::
3856::
3843::
3830::
3817::
3804::
3791::
3778::
3765::
3750::
3735::
2946:,
2877:.
2839:.
2827:51
2825:.
2821:.
2809:^
2781:.
2771:78
2769:.
2765:.
2736::
2734:}}
2730:{{
2689::
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