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Pu (Taoism)

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2079:"until you have erased the aggressive patterns etched by society into your nature. You must return to your natural self, to . You must discard morality and ambition, for if you keep these you will never be capable of compassion, moderation, and humility. When you discard some of your wishes, you will have them all." Inwardly, one performs several cultivations. "For, to achieve the outward you will have to cultivate a of the mind. And when the mind is quiet, will deepen. It will become a faculty for intuitively sensing the order of the universe — the that can be named." 4765: 2003:"If they change and want to rise, the ego will suppress them by means of the simplicity of the nameless."; "The ego is the personality. The simplicity of the nameless is Tao. If all beings change into their selves, but afterwards revert to desire and exhibit shrewdness and hypocrisy, the princes and the king are obliged to suppress personality by means of Tao and Te." (37) 1644:"hack; chop off"): "as in working with the wood of the rottlera, when the toil of the coarser and finer operations has been completed, they have to apply the paint of red and other colours", "It is as when one works on catalpa wood; when he has toiled in trimming and carving it, he should take measures for making it red or green". Legge notes that 1858:
different. The uncarved block is a symbol for the sage. Just as the uncarved block becomes vessels when it shatters so does the sage become the chief of the officials when he allows himself to be employed, and just as the uncarved block is ruined when it becomes useful, so does a sage become ruined when he becomes useful." The word
2009:"Look at simplicity and hold fast to naturalness."; "To look at simplicity corresponds to holding fast to simplicity and keeping to truth as well as to not looking at externals. To hold fast to naturalness corresponds to looking at real naturalness in order to show it to the subjects. Thereby one may become a model." (19) 1857:
says the traditional passage "seems to say that when the uncarved block shatters it becomes vessels. A vessel is a specialist who is only fitted to be an official. Hence the sage when he makes use of these vessels becomes the lord over the officials.", but in Mawangdui passage, "The meaning is very
1795:
Those of old who were adept in the Way were … hesitant, as though crossing a stream in winter; cautious, as though fearful of their neighbors all around; solemn, as though guests in someone else's house; shrinking, as ice when it melts; plain, as an unhewn log; muddled, as turbid waters; expansive,
2174:
In a world of ultimate integrity, men would dwell together with the birds and the beasts. ... Equally without desire, this is called "the simplicity of the unhewn log". With the simplicity of the unhewn log, the people would attain their nature. ... Therefore, if the simple, unhewn log remained
1903:
The Way is eternally nameless. If feudal lords and kings preserve it, The myriad creatures will be transformed by themselves. After transformation, if they wish to rise up, I shall restrain them with the nameless unhewn log. By restraining them with the nameless unhewn log, They will not feel
2181:"came to believe that he had barely begun to learn. ... He took no sides in affairs and whittled himself back to the simplicity of the unhewn log. Clodlike, he stood alone in his physical form. Sealed off against perplexity, in this manner he remained whole to the end." (7) 2205:
If you were to meet someone who understands great plainness, who subscribes to nonaction and returns to the simplicity of the unhewn log, who embodies his nature and embraces his spirit, so as to wander through the common world, you would really be surprised!
1273:"wood in its natural state, not worked: rough, plain, natural, simple"; Pas and Leung conclude: "it is obvious where the expression 'uncarved block' came from, but the addition of 'block' is an interpretation. The term means 'plain wood, uncarved wood'." 1261:: "The idea implied in it comes closer to 'wholeness', which is also contained in 'uncarved block', except that 'uncarved block' has been reified. As a result, what was an excellent analogy of the Tao has become sterile and counterproductive." Citing the 1787:
If eternal integrity suffices, You will return to the simplicity of the unhewn log. ... When the unhewn log is sawn apart, it is made into tools; When the sage is put to use, he becomes the chief of officials. For Great carving does no cutting.
2175:
intact, who would carve a sacrificial vessel from it? ... The carving of the unhewn log into instruments is the fault of the craftsman; the impairment of the Way and integrity with humaneness and righteousness is the error of the sage. (9)
1791:
The sage has a saying: "I take no action, yet the people transform themselves; I do not interfere in affairs, yet the people enrich themselves; I desire not to desire, yet the people of themselves become simple as unhewn logs."
1937:
primarily means "the uncarved block is in a state as yet untouched by the artificial interference of human ingenuity and so is a symbol for the original state of man before desire is produced in him by artificial means".
2006:"Simple like unworked wood."; "What is simple is material and firm. The form of unworked wood is not yet carved. Within one ought to take care of the spirits, outwards one ought not to be pretentious." (15) 1900:
The Way is eternally nameless. Though the unhewn log is small, No one in the world dares subjugate it. If feudal lords and kings could maintain it, The myriad creatures would submit of themselves. (32)
2012:"I am without desires, and the people are simple of themselves."; "If I am always without desires, if I do away with externals, then the people will follow me and remain simple and natural." (57) 1726:
Evince the plainness of undyed silk, Embrace the simplicity of the unhewn log; Lessen selfishness, Diminish desires; Abolish learning and you will be without worries. (19)
4818: 3075: 1808:, chapter 28 is the only case in which the transmitted and excavated versions are significantly different – the transmitted text has an extra grammatical 2287:
Tao Te Ching: The Classic Book of Integrity and the Way, by Lao Tzu; an entirely new translation based on the recently discovered Ma-wang-tui manuscripts
1847:"When the uncarved wood is broken up, it is turned into concrete things. But when the sage uses it, he becomes the leading official." should be read 5425: 4572: 5382: 5055: 3044: 2116:
fourteen times in six chapters (7, 10, 12, 14, 16, and 20), which evidences the heterogeneous textual origins. For instance, the word
4537: 3369: 3068: 487: 5150: 3694: 3690: 3520: 3191: 5275: 1738:"Raw Silk" as symbols that Laozi used to expound his basic doctrine of "the return to our original nature". In modern usage, 1281: 299: 145: 58: 5265: 5030: 3135: 1411:"unhewn log" is "almost certainly related to the English word "block," which probably derives from the Indo-European root 582: 565: 561: 72: 1439:"cut up, peel, pluck", or "belong to the homophonous etymon with the basic meaning 'in a natural state, unworked', as in 5270: 3217: 2336: 894: 1904:
disgraced; Not feeling disgraced, They will be still, Whereupon heaven and earth will be made right by themselves. (37)
4654: 4565: 3061: 533: 1722:"unworked wood; plain; simple", and was the source for Ge Hong's pen-name Baopuzi "Master who Embraces Simplicity". 5420: 3205: 3145: 2051:"Sincere words are not beautiful."; "Sincere words are true words. What is not beautiful is simple and real." (81) 1853:"When uncarved wood is cut up, it's turned into vessels. When the Sage is used, he becomes the Head of Officials." 1833:"use; employ". Robert G. Henricks explains this small grammatical change between the standard text saying the sage 839: 452: 3516: 5350: 3850: 2184:"I have heard it said, 'After all the carving and chiseling, Return to the simplicity of the unhewn log'." (20) 5035: 1867:"vessel; utensil" is translated here as "tools", "concrete things", "vessels", "specialists", and "officials". 537: 2048:"He always induces the people not to know and not to desire."; "Return to simplicity and retain purity." (3) 5072: 5040: 5003: 4838: 4824: 4368: 4174: 3998: 3650: 3200: 1669:
means "to treat the unworked wood (in the first rough cutting); to trim" is a variation of the same stem as
594: 578: 1506:
occurs in Ode 23: "scrubby oaks", "a clump of oaks", "low shrubby trees". The Mao commentary describes the
5130: 4746: 4558: 4503: 4129: 3875: 3711: 1492: 17: 2670:
Karlgren, Bernhard (1970), "Glosses on the Book of Documents", Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities. p. 313.
313: 4751: 4329: 3860: 3488: 3349: 3160: 1653: 951: 33: 4488: 3835: 3468: 1266: 889: 656: 601: 373: 1201:
to mean "thorn; prick": "Among varieties of wood it means those which are firm and have much pith".
4419: 3665: 3498: 3473: 3354: 3150: 610:, discovered in 1973 by archeologists excavating a tomb, uses a rare textual variant character for 227: 183: 5397: 5377: 5367: 5318: 5260: 4796: 4616: 4356: 3566: 3541: 3084: 1034: 5018: 4813: 4625: 4589: 4522: 4510: 4395: 4349: 4324: 4306: 3581: 3448: 3289: 3171: 3103: 2990: 2387: 1809: 1270: 1104: 521: 2986: 2982: 5355: 5309: 5292: 4968: 4598: 4478: 4442: 4424: 4413: 4064: 3123: 3118: 1466: 550: 402: 103: 2249:
Lao-tzu: Te-Tao Ching, A New Translation Based on the Recently Discovered Ma-wang-tui Texts
499:(commonly used for writing names of trees and wooden objects) with the phonetic indicators 5314: 5045: 4991: 4986: 4981: 4894: 4430: 4382: 4375: 4362: 4292: 4214: 3155: 3098: 2216: 2092: 1665:
denotes "wood that has not yet been worked into a utensil; unworked wood", and concludes
1620: 1181: 911: 732: 124: 1888: 1766: 241: 5392: 5345: 5297: 5247: 5220: 5210: 5190: 5060: 4764: 4532: 4473: 4144: 4013: 3751: 3511: 2344: 554: 204: 197: 5255: 3130: 3038: 5414: 5372: 5362: 5225: 5115: 5013: 4996: 4976: 4943: 4853: 4692: 4244: 4164: 3870: 3428: 3423: 1206: 1089: 2110:
six times in three chapters (9, 13, and 31) and with the 6–stroke variant character
5302: 5200: 5185: 5105: 5008: 4929: 4887: 4701: 4670: 4632: 4527: 4436: 4407: 4285: 4254: 4249: 4234: 4229: 4159: 4044: 4018: 3948: 3908: 3903: 3895: 3885: 3845: 3815: 3810: 3794: 3789: 3716: 3698: 3680: 3675: 3629: 3264: 3226: 3113: 3108: 2065: 1943: 1269:"wood that has not been worked on; simple, without ornament, without disguise" and 606: 173: 110: 5205: 4069: 2485:
Journal of the Institute of Chinese Studies of the Chinese University of Hong Kong
2303: 2504: 5280: 5175: 5170: 5095: 4922: 4915: 4847: 4730: 4498: 4483: 4259: 4219: 4204: 4199: 4194: 4189: 4139: 4084: 4049: 4039: 4023: 4008: 3938: 3933: 3923: 3855: 3655: 3624: 3591: 3531: 3407: 3402: 3374: 2278: 2221: 1395: 1289: 409:
metaphor for the natural state of humanity, and relates with the Daoist keyword
736:(1987: 2:1291, 2:1154) lists 2 pronunciations and 8 meanings for the character 5387: 5329: 5180: 5160: 5110: 5050: 4860: 4239: 4209: 4184: 4169: 4134: 4104: 4074: 4059: 3988: 3978: 3973: 3968: 3771: 3756: 3746: 3726: 3606: 3596: 3483: 3458: 3319: 3314: 3269: 3239: 1821: 1779: 1709: 628:"a house tent (esp. with a wooden roof)", written with the "tree radical" and 513: 504: 495: 491: 462: 456: 5215: 5195: 5155: 5125: 5100: 4936: 4908: 4648: 4516: 4449: 4224: 4149: 4124: 4109: 4079: 4054: 3983: 3928: 3840: 3830: 3820: 3805: 3766: 3731: 3706: 3551: 3453: 3364: 3344: 3299: 3254: 3244: 2259:. Translated by Karlgren, Bernhard. Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities. 1950. 2178: 1854: 1770:"sages", Chapter 15 similarly refers to ancient Daoist adepts and describes 1688: 1285: 431: 138: 1257:, Pas and Leung challenge the stereotyped "uncarved block" translation of 5324: 5230: 4337: 4313: 4154: 4119: 4089: 3993: 3963: 3943: 3918: 3913: 3865: 3736: 3670: 3576: 3536: 3438: 3418: 3359: 3324: 3234: 1652:
means "the fine finish given to it". Karlgren quotes the Han commentator
1534:
is the name of Ode 238, which records using this tree for firewood: "the
424: 405:
word meaning "unworked wood; inherent quality; simple" that was an early
350: 159: 1426:"to trim wood" could either be an "aspirated iterative derivation" from 5287: 5235: 5165: 5145: 5135: 5067: 4957: 4950: 4740: 4662: 4114: 4099: 3958: 3825: 3741: 3721: 3611: 3601: 3586: 3571: 3556: 3546: 3493: 3478: 3389: 3334: 3304: 3279: 3274: 3249: 3186: 3178: 1597: 1479: 683: 436: 416: 180: 637:"room; house" phonetic. The "B" text, like the received version, uses 248: 5140: 5120: 4804: 4788: 4780: 4711: 4581: 4493: 4401: 4179: 4003: 3953: 3776: 3761: 3660: 3645: 3561: 3463: 3443: 3433: 3379: 3329: 3165: 3140: 3053: 2071: 1750:"was wood as it came from the tree before man had dressed it", while 1247: 1012: 406: 262: 2413:
Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica
2295:
Wandering on the Way: Early Taoist Tales and Parables of Chuang Tzu
1193:
definition is the only known context in which it names a tree. The
5090: 5023: 4901: 4721: 4639: 4456: 4094: 3880: 3640: 3339: 3294: 3284: 3259: 2226: 929: 411: 336: 276: 209: 4866: 4389: 4299: 3384: 3309: 971: 4554: 3057: 2979:
Myth and Meaning in Early Taoism: The Themes of Chaos (Hun-Tun)
4607: 4279: 1947:
commentary version of this Daoist text interchangeably writes
1558:: "the bushy oaks", "a clump of oaks", "luxuriant oaks". The 1210:, the first Chinese dictionary of characters, simply defines 722:"house tent" are semantically and phonologically dissimilar. 188: 2090:
occurs 20 times in the (ca. 3rd century BCE) Daoist classic
4831: 4343: 3050:, Hong Kong Baptist University School of Chinese Medicine. 3005:
World Scriptures: An Introduction to Comparative Religions
993:
as "oak" names (in "Explaining Trees" chapter 14). First,
415:(literally "self so") "natural; spontaneous". The scholar 4550: 164: 150: 2075:"non-action; non-doing". Outwardly, one cannot achieve 3027:
The Chinese Classics, vol. 3, Oxford University Press.
2129:"low; mean; vulgar; unsophisticated") is written both 774:"nature; essence; intrinsic quality" (compare English 378: 2251:. Translated by Henricks, Robert G. Ballantine. 1989. 129: 115: 2996:
Karlgren, Bernhard (1950), "The Book of Documents",
2498: 2496: 2038:
in commentary, and six (17, 64, 68, 71, 80, 81) use
318: 304: 5338: 5246: 5083: 4967: 4879: 4772: 4691: 4597: 4588: 4466: 4272: 4032: 3894: 3785: 3689: 3620: 3507: 3398: 3225: 3216: 3091: 2297:. Translated by Mair, Victor H. Bantam Books. 1994. 2289:. Translated by Mair, Victor H. Bantam Books. 1990. 1701:, two of them twice, for a total of 8 occurrences. 372: 367: 349: 335: 330: 312: 298: 293: 275: 261: 256: 240: 226: 221: 203: 196: 179: 172: 158: 144: 137: 123: 109: 102: 97: 85: 71: 57: 52: 43: 2302: 1908:Chapter 37 has a minor textual difference between 975:, which is the oldest Chinese dictionary, defined 2998:Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities 2384:Analytic Dictionary of Chinese and Sino-Japanese] 2166:"vessels" (which means "specialist; official" in 246: 232: 1969:in both text and commentary, and one (15) uses 1754:"was silk that man had never dyed or painted." 1542:", "the oak clumps". Commentaries describe the 730:The comprehensive Chinese character dictionary 1381:"to trim wood", "in a natural state, unworked" 1246:"plain wood; unworked lumber" (later meaning " 355: 341: 4566: 3069: 2478: 2472: 2450: 2441: 2406: 2400: 2196: 2161: 2152: 2136: 2130: 2124: 2111: 2105: 2039: 2033: 2027: 2021: 1994: 1988: 1982: 1976: 1970: 1964: 1958: 1952: 1921: 1912: 1874: 1862: 1848: 1842: 1837:"uses it" and the excavated silk text saying 1828: 1815: 1717: 1696: 1673: 1660: 1648:means "the rough fashioning of the work" and 1631: 1614: 1605: 1582: 1576: 1566: 1553: 1529: 1518: 1501: 1487: 1449: 1443: 1434: 1406: 1300: 1241: 1232: 1223: 1214: 1189:"heart; mind" is a common Chinese word, this 1174: 1165: 1152: 1139: 1130: 1121: 1112: 1097: 1082: 1073: 1060: 1046: 1027: 1006: 997: 988: 979: 933: 904: 882: 861: 827: 807: 752: 743: 737: 717: 704: 691: 676: 667: 650: 641: 632: 623: 614: 588: 572: 544: 527: 481: 475: 77: 63: 8: 2431:, Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities. p. 312. 2371:Dictionnaire classique de la langue chinoise 2309:. Translated by Waley, Arthur. Grove. 1960 . 2243:. Translated by Eduard Erkes. Artibus Asiae. 1713:"raw silk; white; plain; simple; quiet" and 281: 267: 27: 21: 1514:(above) writes this reversible compound as 1253:Returning to the central Daoist meaning of 1065:] that grew in clumps", and quotes the 742:, and 6 pronunciations and 11 meanings for 681:"wood canopy", and the (early 3rd century) 16:For the album by Flux of Pink Indians, see 4688: 4594: 4573: 4559: 4551: 3222: 3076: 3062: 3054: 2505:ABC Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese 1879:"feudal lords and kings" and describe the 364: 290: 94: 1926:"not disgrace" in the Mawangdui version. 1917:"not desire" in the standard version and 857:"beat; hit; an instrument of torture" (= 823:"unworked wood; natural; plain; etc." (= 646:8 times in 6 chapters; the "A" text uses 490:, combining the semantically significant 2787: 2739: 2658: 2634: 2598: 2562: 2273:F. Max Müller, ed. (1879). "The Li Ki". 1284:pronunciations have transformed Chinese 2981:], University of California Press. pp. 2373:, Kuangchi Press. p. 475. 1966 reprint. 2328: 2069:"inherent character; inner power", and 1704:Chapter 19 parallels the near-synonyms 1117:is small and grows in clumps while the 659:in chapters 19 and 57. The (c. 121 CE) 2356:Pas, Julian and Man Kam Leung (1998), 2347:, Princeton University Press. p. 277. 1418:Axel Schuessler says the etymology of 1144:"heart; mind" (14:64). Guo identifies 1126:is tall and has large leaves. Second, 1038:, saw-tooth oak" (which occurs in the 781:"simple; plain; unadorned; unaffected" 696:"curtain; cover". These variant words 40: 2883: 2871: 2859: 2847: 2835: 2823: 2811: 2691: 2646: 2622: 2610: 2586: 2574: 2550: 2538: 2477:(1972), "Shanggu Hanyu he Han-Zangyu 2241:Ho-Shang-Kung's Commentary on Lao-tse 1987:in commentary, and another (57) uses 1055:"drumstick", and Guo noted this name 878:"tree bark; (esp.) magnolia bark" in 430:"Master who Embraces Simplicity" and 7: 2955: 2943: 2931: 2919: 2907: 2895: 2775: 2763: 2727: 2715: 2703: 2679: 2526: 2508:, University of Hawaii Press. p.418. 2141:"simple and unsophisticated " (10). 1824:marker; a 3rd person pronoun" after 466:, which are linguistically complex. 2972:A Handbook of Old Chinese Phonology 2799: 2751: 2457:Tsinghua Journal of Chinese Studies 2032:in the text, three (3, 38, 41) use 1841:"is used". The transmitted version 1349:"trim unworked wood; robust, solid" 5056:Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors 3018:, vol. 4, Oxford University Press. 2104:both with the 16–stroke character 1963:. Three chapters (28, 32, 37) use 1757:Chapters 28 and 57 mention simple 451:can be written with either of the 14: 2405:(1948), "Shanggu yinyun biao gao 1228:"tree bark; wood with bark", and 796:"grow thickly (of plants); shrub" 568:in 1956, the established variant 540:(771-476 BCE), and the character 4763: 3041:, Britannica Online Encyclopedia 2148:metaphor contrasts returning to 2135:"crude, mean " (chapter 31) and 1892:"nameless", while 37 also calls 1870:Chapters 32 and 37 both address 1093:says there are two varieties of 5151:Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove 2358:Historical Dictionary of Taoism 1546:as a "dense and shrubby tree". 1465:occurs in some of the earliest 210: 189: 165: 151: 5426:Concepts in Chinese philosophy 3012:The She King or Book of Poetry 2341:The I Ching or Book of Changes 2316:Taoism: The Parting of the Way 1678:"in a natural state; simple". 1282:Reconstructions of Old Chinese 1250:" in scientific terminology). 748:; which are summarized below. 655:6 times in 4 chapters and has 379: 319: 305: 247: 130: 116: 78: 64: 1: 5266:Way of the Five Pecks of Rice 5031:Three Great Emperor-Officials 1746:mean "plain," but originally 1469:, frequently in Daoist ones. 1454:'unworked precious stone' ". 1087:"bushy oak" (see below). The 583:traditional Chinese character 566:simplified Chinese characters 20:. For the surname written as 5271:Way of the Celestial Masters 2977:Girardot, Norman J. (1988), 2275:The Sacred Books of the East 1059:denoted "a kind of oak [ 938:"a kind of two-handed sword" 895:Traditional Chinese medicine 600:One of the two (c. 168 BCE) 581:) was chosen to replace the 2970:Baxter, William H. (1992), 2517:Baxter and Sagart 2001:118. 2427:Karlgren, Bernhard (1957), 2382:Karlgren, Bernhard (1923), 2369:Couvreur, Séraphin (1890), 2268:. Chinese University Press. 2239:Erkes, Eduard, ed. (1958). 1019:commentary identified this 726:Pronunciations and meanings 534:Chinese bronze inscriptions 488:radical-phonetic characters 5442: 5276:Northern Celestial Masters 3206:Hundred Schools of Thought 3021:Legge, James, tr. (1865), 2281:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 2157:"unhewn log" with carving 1783:"sincere; honest; plain". 1510:as a 小木 "small tree". The 562:People's Republic of China 453:variant Chinese characters 419:(283–343 CE) immortalized 15: 5351:Sacred Mountains of China 4761: 3003:Kraemer, Kenneth (1986), 2502:Schuessler, Axel (2007), 2479: 2473: 2451: 2442: 2407: 2401: 2360:, Scarecrow Press. p.351. 2197: 2162: 2153: 2137: 2131: 2125: 2112: 2106: 2040: 2034: 2028: 2022: 1995: 1989: 1983: 1977: 1971: 1965: 1959: 1953: 1922: 1913: 1887: 1875: 1863: 1849: 1843: 1829: 1816: 1778: 1765: 1734:"the Uncarved Block" and 1718: 1708: 1697: 1674: 1661: 1640:"trim unworked wood" and 1632: 1615: 1606: 1583: 1577: 1567: 1554: 1549:In addition, Ode 132 has 1530: 1519: 1502: 1488: 1450: 1444: 1435: 1407: 1301: 1242: 1233: 1224: 1215: 1175: 1166: 1153: 1140: 1131: 1122: 1113: 1098: 1083: 1074: 1061: 1047: 1028: 1007: 998: 989: 980: 934: 905: 883: 862: 828: 808: 753: 744: 738: 718: 705: 692: 677: 668: 651: 642: 633: 624: 615: 602:Mawangdui silk manuscript 589: 573: 545: 528: 512: 503: 494: 482: 476: 461: 455: 390: 363: 356: 342: 289: 282: 268: 93: 48: 28: 22: 5036:Queen Mother of the West 2201:"return to simplicity". 1941:The (c. 3rd century CE) 1483:"Classic of Poetry" use 1458:Early textual references 1341:"rough; unadorned", and 538:Spring and Autumn period 59:Traditional Chinese 5041:King Father of the East 3201:Nine Schools of Thought 2429:Grammata Serica Recensa 2192:chapter uses this term 2144:A frequently occurring 1975:in both. One (19) uses 1796:as a broad valley. (15) 1730:Holmes Welch describes 1179:"Mongolian oak"), the " 73:Simplified Chinese 4504:State consequentialism 2314:Welch, Holmes (1957). 2055:Welch paraphrases the 1623:lumber" section) uses 1601:"Classic of History" ( 1448:'in a natural state', 1108:, Mongolian oak", the 784:"(economics) net cost" 771:"cut down; fell trees" 557:period (475-221 BCE). 549:was first recorded in 532:was first recorded on 233: 18:Uncarved Block (album) 3521:Northern and Southern 3010:Legge, James (1871), 1627:once in the compound 1185:, daimyo oak". While 952:Park (Korean surname) 854:"root; basis; origin" 812:can be read to mean: 34:Park (Korean surname) 3016:The Chinese Classics 2974:, Mouton de Gruyter. 1587:"bushy; luxuriant". 1581:"an oak" instead of 950:"a surname", namely 915:, Chinese hackberry" 890:Magnolia officinalis 709:"unworked wood" and 300:Revised Romanization 4800:(self-cultivation) 3151:School of Diplomacy 2059:relationship among 1292:reconstructions of 802:"attached; affixed" 228:Vietnamese alphabet 4792:(external alchemy) 4784:(internal alchemy) 3085:Chinese philosophy 2448:Shanggu yin yanjiu 2264:Lau, D.C. (1989). 1495:to mean "an oak". 1035:Quercus acutissima 486:are classified as 5421:Taoist philosophy 5408: 5407: 5019:Tianhuang Emperor 4759: 4758: 4681: 4680: 4548: 4547: 4396:Mandate of Heaven 4268: 4267: 2958:, pp. 112–3. 2386:, Paul Geunther. 2343:, English tr. by 2305:The Book of Songs 2044:. For examples, 2020:chapters without 1333:"shrubby trees", 1271:Bernhard Karlgren 1267:Séraphin Couvreur 1105:Quercus mongolica 522:Chinese character 394: 393: 386: 385: 326: 325: 314:McCune–Reischauer 217: 216: 146:Yale Romanization 104:Standard Mandarin 5433: 5356:Wudang Mountains 4767: 4689: 4666:(transformation) 4643:(eight trigrams) 4595: 4575: 4568: 4561: 4552: 4425:Self-cultivation 4330:Neo-Confucianism 4065:Chung-ying Cheng 3223: 3124:New Confucianism 3119:Neo-Confucianism 3078: 3071: 3064: 3055: 3007:, Paulist Press. 2959: 2953: 2947: 2941: 2935: 2929: 2923: 2922:, pp. 81–2. 2917: 2911: 2905: 2899: 2893: 2887: 2881: 2875: 2869: 2863: 2857: 2851: 2845: 2839: 2833: 2827: 2821: 2815: 2809: 2803: 2797: 2791: 2785: 2779: 2773: 2767: 2761: 2755: 2749: 2743: 2737: 2731: 2725: 2719: 2713: 2707: 2701: 2695: 2689: 2683: 2677: 2671: 2668: 2662: 2656: 2650: 2644: 2638: 2632: 2626: 2620: 2614: 2608: 2602: 2596: 2590: 2584: 2578: 2572: 2566: 2560: 2554: 2548: 2542: 2536: 2530: 2524: 2518: 2515: 2509: 2500: 2491: 2490: 2482: 2481: 2476: 2475: 2469: 2463: 2462: 2454: 2453: 2445: 2444: 2438: 2432: 2425: 2419: 2418: 2410: 2409: 2404: 2403: 2397: 2391: 2380: 2374: 2367: 2361: 2354: 2348: 2337:Wilhelm, Richard 2333: 2319: 2310: 2308: 2298: 2290: 2282: 2277:. Translated by 2269: 2260: 2257:The Book of Odes 2252: 2244: 2200: 2199: 2165: 2164: 2156: 2155: 2140: 2139: 2134: 2133: 2128: 2127: 2115: 2114: 2109: 2108: 2043: 2042: 2037: 2036: 2031: 2030: 2025: 2024: 1998: 1997: 1992: 1991: 1986: 1985: 1980: 1979: 1974: 1973: 1968: 1967: 1962: 1961: 1956: 1955: 1925: 1924: 1916: 1915: 1891: 1878: 1877: 1866: 1865: 1852: 1851: 1846: 1845: 1832: 1831: 1819: 1818: 1782: 1769: 1761:in reference to 1721: 1720: 1712: 1700: 1699: 1677: 1676: 1664: 1663: 1635: 1634: 1618: 1617: 1609: 1608: 1586: 1585: 1580: 1579: 1570: 1569: 1557: 1556: 1533: 1532: 1522: 1521: 1505: 1504: 1491: 1490: 1477:Two odes in the 1467:Chinese classics 1453: 1452: 1447: 1446: 1438: 1437: 1410: 1409: 1304: 1303: 1265:translations of 1245: 1244: 1236: 1235: 1227: 1226: 1218: 1217: 1178: 1177: 1169: 1168: 1156: 1155: 1143: 1142: 1134: 1133: 1125: 1124: 1116: 1115: 1101: 1100: 1086: 1085: 1077: 1076: 1064: 1063: 1051:is usually read 1050: 1049: 1031: 1030: 1010: 1009: 1001: 1000: 992: 991: 983: 982: 937: 936: 908: 907: 886: 885: 865: 864: 831: 830: 811: 810: 768:"unworked wood", 756: 755: 747: 746: 741: 740: 721: 720: 708: 707: 695: 694: 680: 679: 671: 670: 654: 653: 645: 644: 636: 635: 627: 626: 618: 617: 604:versions of the 592: 591: 576: 575: 551:Chinese classics 548: 547: 531: 530: 516: 507: 498: 485: 484: 479: 478: 465: 459: 382: 381: 365: 359: 358: 345: 344: 322: 321: 308: 307: 291: 285: 284: 271: 270: 252: 251: 236: 213: 212: 192: 191: 168: 167: 154: 153: 133: 132: 119: 118: 95: 81: 80: 67: 66: 41: 31: 30: 25: 24: 5441: 5440: 5436: 5435: 5434: 5432: 5431: 5430: 5411: 5410: 5409: 5404: 5334: 5242: 5079: 5046:Eight Immortals 5004:Four Sovereigns 4992:Lingbao Tianzun 4987:Yuanshi Tianzun 4982:Three Pure Ones 4963: 4875: 4819:Three Treasures 4768: 4755: 4687: 4677: 4584: 4579: 4549: 4544: 4462: 4363:Three teachings 4264: 4215:Tsang Lap Chuen 4028: 3890: 3799: 3781: 3697: 3693: 3685: 3634: 3616: 3525: 3519: 3503: 3412: 3394: 3212: 3210: 3156:School of Names 3099:Agriculturalism 3087: 3082: 3035: 2967: 2965:Further reading 2962: 2954: 2950: 2942: 2938: 2930: 2926: 2918: 2914: 2906: 2902: 2894: 2890: 2882: 2878: 2870: 2866: 2858: 2854: 2846: 2842: 2834: 2830: 2822: 2818: 2810: 2806: 2798: 2794: 2786: 2782: 2774: 2770: 2762: 2758: 2750: 2746: 2738: 2734: 2726: 2722: 2714: 2710: 2702: 2698: 2690: 2686: 2678: 2674: 2669: 2665: 2657: 2653: 2645: 2641: 2633: 2629: 2621: 2617: 2609: 2605: 2597: 2593: 2585: 2581: 2573: 2569: 2561: 2557: 2549: 2545: 2537: 2533: 2525: 2521: 2516: 2512: 2501: 2494: 2488: 2470: 2466: 2460: 2459:1971, 9:1-61). 2439: 2435: 2426: 2422: 2416: 2398: 2394: 2381: 2377: 2368: 2364: 2355: 2351: 2334: 2330: 2318:. Beacon Press. 2313: 2301: 2293: 2285: 2272: 2263: 2255: 2247: 2238: 2235: 2217:Buddhist ethics 2213: 2096:. The standard 2085: 1999:in commentary. 1804:occurrences of 1684: 1621:Chinese catalpa 1593: 1475: 1460: 1391:"unworked wood" 1279: 1182:Quercus dentata 912:Celtis sinensis 733:Hanyu Da Zidian 728: 472: 446: 374:Revised Hepburn 222:Vietnamese name 86:Literal meaning 37: 12: 11: 5: 5439: 5437: 5429: 5428: 5423: 5413: 5412: 5406: 5405: 5403: 5402: 5401: 5400: 5395: 5393:Tong Jee Teung 5390: 5385: 5380: 5370: 5365: 5360: 5359: 5358: 5348: 5346:Grotto-heavens 5342: 5340: 5336: 5335: 5333: 5332: 5327: 5322: 5312: 5307: 5306: 5305: 5295: 5290: 5285: 5284: 5283: 5278: 5268: 5263: 5258: 5252: 5250: 5244: 5243: 5241: 5240: 5233: 5228: 5223: 5221:Zhang Guoxiang 5218: 5213: 5211:Wang Chongyang 5208: 5203: 5198: 5193: 5191:Cheng Xuanying 5188: 5183: 5178: 5173: 5168: 5163: 5158: 5153: 5148: 5143: 5138: 5133: 5128: 5123: 5118: 5113: 5108: 5103: 5098: 5093: 5087: 5085: 5081: 5080: 5078: 5077: 5070: 5065: 5064: 5063: 5061:Yellow Emperor 5053: 5048: 5043: 5038: 5033: 5028: 5027: 5026: 5021: 5016: 5011: 5001: 5000: 4999: 4994: 4989: 4979: 4973: 4971: 4965: 4964: 4962: 4961: 4954: 4947: 4940: 4933: 4926: 4919: 4912: 4905: 4898: 4891: 4883: 4881: 4877: 4876: 4874: 4873: 4872: 4871: 4858: 4850: 4845: 4844: 4843: 4835: 4829: 4816: 4811: 4810: 4809: 4808:(calisthenics) 4793: 4785: 4776: 4774: 4770: 4769: 4762: 4760: 4757: 4756: 4754: 4749: 4744: 4737: 4736: 4735: 4726:(spontenaity) 4717: 4707: 4697: 4695: 4686: 4685: 4682: 4679: 4678: 4676: 4675: 4667: 4659: 4651: 4646: 4645: 4644: 4636: 4630: 4629:(non-polarity) 4612: 4603: 4601: 4592: 4586: 4585: 4580: 4578: 4577: 4570: 4563: 4555: 4546: 4545: 4543: 4542: 4541: 4540: 4533:Metaphilosophy 4530: 4525: 4520: 4513: 4508: 4507: 4506: 4501: 4491: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4470: 4468: 4464: 4463: 4461: 4460: 4453: 4446: 4439: 4434: 4427: 4422: 4417: 4410: 4405: 4398: 4393: 4386: 4379: 4372: 4365: 4360: 4353: 4346: 4341: 4334: 4333: 4332: 4327: 4317: 4310: 4303: 4296: 4289: 4282: 4276: 4274: 4270: 4269: 4266: 4265: 4263: 4262: 4257: 4252: 4247: 4242: 4237: 4232: 4227: 4222: 4217: 4212: 4207: 4202: 4197: 4192: 4187: 4182: 4177: 4172: 4167: 4162: 4157: 4152: 4147: 4145:Lee Shui-chuen 4142: 4137: 4132: 4127: 4122: 4117: 4112: 4107: 4102: 4097: 4092: 4087: 4082: 4077: 4072: 4067: 4062: 4057: 4052: 4047: 4042: 4036: 4034: 4030: 4029: 4027: 4026: 4021: 4016: 4014:Zhang Xuecheng 4011: 4006: 4001: 3996: 3991: 3986: 3981: 3976: 3971: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3946: 3941: 3936: 3931: 3926: 3921: 3916: 3911: 3906: 3900: 3898: 3892: 3891: 3889: 3888: 3883: 3878: 3873: 3868: 3863: 3858: 3853: 3848: 3843: 3838: 3833: 3828: 3823: 3818: 3813: 3808: 3802: 3800: 3798: 3797: 3792: 3786: 3783: 3782: 3780: 3779: 3774: 3769: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3752:Wang Chongyang 3749: 3744: 3739: 3734: 3729: 3724: 3719: 3714: 3709: 3703: 3701: 3691:Five Dynasties 3687: 3686: 3684: 3683: 3678: 3673: 3668: 3663: 3658: 3653: 3648: 3643: 3637: 3635: 3633: 3632: 3627: 3621: 3618: 3617: 3615: 3614: 3609: 3604: 3599: 3594: 3589: 3584: 3579: 3574: 3569: 3564: 3559: 3554: 3549: 3544: 3539: 3534: 3528: 3526: 3524: 3523: 3514: 3512:Three Kingdoms 3508: 3505: 3504: 3502: 3501: 3496: 3491: 3486: 3481: 3476: 3471: 3466: 3461: 3456: 3451: 3446: 3441: 3436: 3431: 3426: 3421: 3415: 3413: 3411: 3410: 3405: 3399: 3396: 3395: 3393: 3392: 3387: 3382: 3377: 3372: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3352: 3347: 3342: 3337: 3332: 3327: 3322: 3317: 3312: 3307: 3302: 3297: 3292: 3287: 3282: 3277: 3272: 3267: 3262: 3257: 3252: 3247: 3242: 3237: 3231: 3229: 3220: 3214: 3213: 3209: 3208: 3203: 3197: 3195: 3194: 3189: 3184: 3183: 3182: 3175: 3163: 3158: 3153: 3148: 3143: 3138: 3133: 3128: 3127: 3126: 3121: 3116: 3106: 3101: 3095: 3093: 3089: 3088: 3083: 3081: 3080: 3073: 3066: 3058: 3052: 3051: 3042: 3034: 3033:External links 3031: 3030: 3029: 3019: 3008: 3001: 2994: 2975: 2966: 2963: 2961: 2960: 2948: 2946:, p. 190. 2936: 2924: 2912: 2900: 2898:, p. 332. 2888: 2876: 2874:, p. 134. 2864: 2852: 2850:, p. 102. 2840: 2828: 2816: 2804: 2802:, p. xxx. 2792: 2790:, p. 260. 2780: 2778:, p. 105. 2768: 2756: 2754:, p. 183. 2744: 2742:, p. 242. 2732: 2720: 2708: 2696: 2684: 2672: 2663: 2651: 2649:, p. 417. 2639: 2627: 2615: 2613:, p. 201. 2603: 2601:, p. 191. 2591: 2589:, p. 266. 2579: 2577:, p. 442. 2567: 2555: 2543: 2531: 2529:, p. 138. 2519: 2510: 2492: 2464: 2433: 2420: 2392: 2375: 2362: 2349: 2345:Cary F. Baynes 2339:, tr. (1967), 2327: 2321: 2320: 2311: 2299: 2291: 2283: 2270: 2261: 2253: 2245: 2234: 2231: 2230: 2229: 2224: 2219: 2212: 2209: 2208: 2207: 2186: 2185: 2182: 2176: 2084: 2081: 2053: 2052: 2049: 2014: 2013: 2010: 2007: 2004: 1906: 1905: 1901: 1800:Among all the 1798: 1797: 1793: 1789: 1728: 1727: 1683: 1680: 1592: 1589: 1474: 1471: 1459: 1456: 1398:suggests that 1393: 1392: 1382: 1372: 1359: 1350: 1320: 1278: 1275: 1135:is defined as 1002:is defined as 967: 966: 962: 961: 955: 954: 947: 946: 940: 939: 924: 923: 917: 916: 898: 893:bark (used in 875: 874: 868: 867: 855: 851: 850: 844: 843: 836: 833: 820: 819: 804: 803: 800: 797: 793: 792: 786: 785: 782: 779: 772: 769: 765: 764: 727: 724: 687:defines it as 555:Warring States 492:"tree" radical 471: 468: 445: 442: 392: 391: 388: 387: 384: 383: 376: 370: 369: 368:Transcriptions 361: 360: 353: 347: 346: 339: 333: 332: 328: 327: 324: 323: 316: 310: 309: 302: 296: 295: 294:Transcriptions 287: 286: 279: 273: 272: 265: 259: 258: 254: 253: 244: 238: 237: 230: 224: 223: 219: 218: 215: 214: 207: 205:Middle Chinese 201: 200: 198:Middle Chinese 194: 193: 186: 177: 176: 170: 169: 162: 156: 155: 148: 142: 141: 139:Yue: Cantonese 135: 134: 127: 121: 120: 113: 107: 106: 100: 99: 98:Transcriptions 91: 90: 87: 83: 82: 75: 69: 68: 61: 55: 54: 50: 49: 46: 45: 32:in Hanja, see 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5438: 5427: 5424: 5422: 5419: 5418: 5416: 5399: 5396: 5394: 5391: 5389: 5386: 5384: 5381: 5379: 5376: 5375: 5374: 5371: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5363:Mount Penglai 5361: 5357: 5354: 5353: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5343: 5341: 5339:Sacred places 5337: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5323: 5320: 5316: 5313: 5311: 5308: 5304: 5301: 5300: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5273: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5253: 5251: 5249: 5245: 5239: 5238: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5226:Zhang Sanfeng 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5164: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5154: 5152: 5149: 5147: 5144: 5142: 5139: 5137: 5134: 5132: 5129: 5127: 5124: 5122: 5119: 5117: 5116:Zhang Daoling 5114: 5112: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5099: 5097: 5094: 5092: 5089: 5088: 5086: 5082: 5076: 5075: 5074:Other deities 5071: 5069: 5066: 5062: 5059: 5058: 5057: 5054: 5052: 5049: 5047: 5044: 5042: 5039: 5037: 5034: 5032: 5029: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5014:Ziwei Emperor 5012: 5010: 5007: 5006: 5005: 5002: 4998: 4997:Daode Tianzun 4995: 4993: 4990: 4988: 4985: 4984: 4983: 4980: 4978: 4977:Hongjun Laozu 4975: 4974: 4972: 4970: 4966: 4960: 4959: 4955: 4953: 4952: 4948: 4946: 4945: 4944:Qingjing Jing 4941: 4939: 4938: 4934: 4932: 4931: 4927: 4925: 4924: 4920: 4918: 4917: 4913: 4911: 4910: 4906: 4904: 4903: 4899: 4897: 4896: 4892: 4890: 4889: 4885: 4884: 4882: 4878: 4869: 4868: 4864: 4863: 4862: 4859: 4857:(immortality) 4856: 4855: 4851: 4849: 4846: 4841: 4840: 4836: 4833: 4830: 4827: 4826: 4822: 4821: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4812: 4807: 4806: 4802: 4801: 4799: 4798: 4794: 4791: 4790: 4786: 4783: 4782: 4778: 4777: 4775: 4771: 4766: 4753: 4750: 4748: 4747:Five Precepts 4745: 4743: 4742: 4738: 4733: 4732: 4728: 4727: 4725: 4724: 4723: 4718: 4715: 4714: 4713: 4708: 4705: 4704: 4703: 4698: 4696: 4694: 4690: 4684: 4683: 4673: 4672: 4668: 4665: 4664: 4660: 4658:(five phases) 4657: 4656: 4652: 4650: 4647: 4642: 4641: 4637: 4634: 4631: 4628: 4627: 4623: 4622: 4620: 4619: 4618: 4613: 4610: 4609: 4605: 4604: 4602: 4600: 4596: 4593: 4591: 4587: 4583: 4576: 4571: 4569: 4564: 4562: 4557: 4556: 4553: 4539: 4536: 4535: 4534: 4531: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4518: 4514: 4512: 4509: 4505: 4502: 4500: 4497: 4496: 4495: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4472: 4471: 4469: 4465: 4459: 4458: 4454: 4452: 4451: 4447: 4445: 4444: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4432: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4418: 4416: 4415: 4411: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4403: 4399: 4397: 4394: 4392: 4391: 4387: 4385: 4384: 4380: 4378: 4377: 4373: 4371: 4370: 4366: 4364: 4361: 4359: 4358: 4354: 4352: 4351: 4347: 4345: 4342: 4340: 4339: 4335: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4322: 4321: 4318: 4316: 4315: 4311: 4309: 4308: 4304: 4302: 4301: 4297: 4295: 4294: 4290: 4288: 4287: 4283: 4281: 4278: 4277: 4275: 4271: 4261: 4258: 4256: 4253: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4245:Zhang Dongsun 4243: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4233: 4231: 4228: 4226: 4223: 4221: 4218: 4216: 4213: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4203: 4201: 4198: 4196: 4193: 4191: 4188: 4186: 4183: 4181: 4178: 4176: 4173: 4171: 4168: 4166: 4165:Liang Shuming 4163: 4161: 4158: 4156: 4153: 4151: 4148: 4146: 4143: 4141: 4138: 4136: 4133: 4131: 4128: 4126: 4123: 4121: 4118: 4116: 4113: 4111: 4108: 4106: 4103: 4101: 4098: 4096: 4093: 4091: 4088: 4086: 4083: 4081: 4078: 4076: 4073: 4071: 4068: 4066: 4063: 4061: 4058: 4056: 4053: 4051: 4048: 4046: 4043: 4041: 4038: 4037: 4035: 4031: 4025: 4022: 4020: 4017: 4015: 4012: 4010: 4007: 4005: 4002: 4000: 3997: 3995: 3992: 3990: 3987: 3985: 3982: 3980: 3977: 3975: 3972: 3970: 3967: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3947: 3945: 3942: 3940: 3937: 3935: 3932: 3930: 3927: 3925: 3922: 3920: 3917: 3915: 3912: 3910: 3907: 3905: 3902: 3901: 3899: 3897: 3893: 3887: 3884: 3882: 3879: 3877: 3874: 3872: 3871:Wang Yangming 3869: 3867: 3864: 3862: 3859: 3857: 3854: 3852: 3849: 3847: 3844: 3842: 3839: 3837: 3834: 3832: 3829: 3827: 3824: 3822: 3819: 3817: 3814: 3812: 3809: 3807: 3804: 3803: 3801: 3796: 3793: 3791: 3788: 3787: 3784: 3778: 3775: 3773: 3770: 3768: 3765: 3763: 3760: 3758: 3755: 3753: 3750: 3748: 3745: 3743: 3740: 3738: 3735: 3733: 3730: 3728: 3725: 3723: 3720: 3718: 3715: 3713: 3710: 3708: 3705: 3704: 3702: 3700: 3696: 3692: 3688: 3682: 3679: 3677: 3674: 3672: 3669: 3667: 3664: 3662: 3659: 3657: 3654: 3652: 3649: 3647: 3644: 3642: 3639: 3638: 3636: 3631: 3628: 3626: 3623: 3622: 3619: 3613: 3610: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3585: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3575: 3573: 3570: 3568: 3565: 3563: 3560: 3558: 3555: 3553: 3550: 3548: 3545: 3543: 3540: 3538: 3535: 3533: 3530: 3529: 3527: 3522: 3518: 3515: 3513: 3510: 3509: 3506: 3500: 3497: 3495: 3492: 3490: 3487: 3485: 3482: 3480: 3477: 3475: 3472: 3470: 3467: 3465: 3462: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3450: 3447: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3430: 3429:Dongfang Shuo 3427: 3425: 3424:Dong Zhongshu 3422: 3420: 3417: 3416: 3414: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3401: 3400: 3397: 3391: 3388: 3386: 3383: 3381: 3378: 3376: 3373: 3371: 3368: 3366: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3356: 3353: 3351: 3348: 3346: 3343: 3341: 3338: 3336: 3333: 3331: 3328: 3326: 3323: 3321: 3318: 3316: 3313: 3311: 3308: 3306: 3303: 3301: 3298: 3296: 3293: 3291: 3288: 3286: 3283: 3281: 3278: 3276: 3273: 3271: 3268: 3266: 3263: 3261: 3258: 3256: 3253: 3251: 3248: 3246: 3243: 3241: 3238: 3236: 3233: 3232: 3230: 3228: 3224: 3221: 3219: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3204: 3202: 3199: 3198: 3193: 3190: 3188: 3185: 3181: 3180: 3176: 3174: 3173: 3169: 3168: 3167: 3164: 3162: 3159: 3157: 3154: 3152: 3149: 3147: 3144: 3142: 3139: 3137: 3134: 3132: 3129: 3125: 3122: 3120: 3117: 3115: 3112: 3111: 3110: 3107: 3105: 3102: 3100: 3097: 3096: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3079: 3074: 3072: 3067: 3065: 3060: 3059: 3056: 3049: 3047: 3043: 3040: 3037: 3036: 3032: 3028: 3024: 3023:The Shoo King 3020: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3006: 3002: 2999: 2995: 2992: 2988: 2984: 2980: 2976: 2973: 2969: 2968: 2964: 2957: 2952: 2949: 2945: 2940: 2937: 2934:, p. 70. 2933: 2928: 2925: 2921: 2916: 2913: 2910:, p. 87. 2909: 2904: 2901: 2897: 2892: 2889: 2886:, p. 84. 2885: 2880: 2877: 2873: 2868: 2865: 2862:, p. 18. 2861: 2856: 2853: 2849: 2844: 2841: 2838:, p. 42. 2837: 2832: 2829: 2826:, p. 36. 2825: 2820: 2817: 2814:, p. 70. 2813: 2808: 2805: 2801: 2796: 2793: 2789: 2788:Henricks 1989 2784: 2781: 2777: 2772: 2769: 2766:, p. 99. 2765: 2760: 2757: 2753: 2748: 2745: 2741: 2740:Henricks 1989 2736: 2733: 2730:, p. 76. 2729: 2724: 2721: 2718:, p. 26. 2717: 2712: 2709: 2706:, p. 93. 2705: 2700: 2697: 2694:, p. 35. 2693: 2688: 2685: 2682:, p. 81. 2681: 2676: 2673: 2667: 2664: 2661:, p. 48. 2660: 2659:Karlgren 1950 2655: 2652: 2648: 2643: 2640: 2637:, p. 85. 2636: 2635:Karlgren 1950 2631: 2628: 2625:, p. 75. 2624: 2619: 2616: 2612: 2607: 2604: 2600: 2599:Karlgren 1950 2595: 2592: 2588: 2583: 2580: 2576: 2571: 2568: 2565:, p. 13. 2564: 2563:Karlgren 1950 2559: 2556: 2553:, p. 60. 2552: 2547: 2544: 2541:, p. 34. 2540: 2535: 2532: 2528: 2523: 2520: 2514: 2511: 2507: 2506: 2499: 2497: 2493: 2486: 2468: 2465: 2458: 2449: 2437: 2434: 2430: 2424: 2421: 2414: 2396: 2393: 2389: 2385: 2379: 2376: 2372: 2366: 2363: 2359: 2353: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2332: 2329: 2326: 2325: 2317: 2312: 2307: 2306: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2288: 2284: 2280: 2276: 2271: 2267: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2242: 2237: 2236: 2232: 2228: 2225: 2223: 2220: 2218: 2215: 2214: 2210: 2204: 2203: 2202: 2195: 2191: 2183: 2180: 2177: 2173: 2172: 2171: 2169: 2160: 2151: 2147: 2142: 2123: 2119: 2103: 2099: 2095: 2094: 2089: 2082: 2080: 2078: 2074: 2073: 2068: 2067: 2062: 2058: 2050: 2047: 2046: 2045: 2019: 2011: 2008: 2005: 2002: 2001: 2000: 1950: 1946: 1945: 1939: 1936: 1932: 1929:Lau explains 1927: 1920: 1911: 1902: 1899: 1898: 1897: 1895: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1873: 1868: 1861: 1856: 1844:樸散則為器聖人用之則為官長 1840: 1836: 1827: 1823: 1814: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1785: 1784: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1755: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1725: 1724: 1723: 1716: 1711: 1707: 1702: 1695: 1692:chapters use 1691: 1690: 1681: 1679: 1672: 1668: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1613: 1604: 1600: 1599: 1590: 1588: 1574: 1565: 1561: 1552: 1547: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1528: 1524: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1500: 1496: 1494: 1486: 1482: 1481: 1472: 1470: 1468: 1464: 1457: 1455: 1442: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1416: 1414: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1390: 1386: 1383: 1380: 1376: 1373: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1360: 1358: 1354: 1351: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1321: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1308: 1307: 1306: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1276: 1274: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1251: 1249: 1240: 1231: 1222: 1213: 1209: 1208: 1207:Shuowen Jiezi 1202: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1183: 1173: 1164: 1160: 1151: 1148:(cf. reverse 1147: 1138: 1129: 1120: 1111: 1107: 1106: 1096: 1092: 1091: 1090:Bencao Gangmu 1081: 1072: 1068: 1058: 1054: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1036: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1005: 996: 987: 978: 974: 973: 964: 963: 960: 957: 956: 953: 949: 948: 945: 942: 941: 932: 931: 926: 925: 922: 919: 918: 914: 913: 903: 899: 896: 892: 891: 881: 877: 876: 873: 870: 869: 860: 856: 853: 852: 849: 846: 845: 841: 837: 834: 826: 822: 821: 818: 815: 814: 813: 801: 799:"an oak tree" 798: 795: 794: 791: 788: 787: 783: 780: 777: 773: 770: 767: 766: 763: 760: 759: 758: 757:can be read: 749: 735: 734: 725: 723: 716: 712: 703: 699: 690: 686: 685: 675: 666: 662: 661:Shuowen jiezi 658: 649: 640: 631: 622: 613: 609: 608: 603: 598: 596: 587: 584: 580: 571: 567: 563: 558: 556: 552: 543: 539: 535: 526: 523: 518: 515: 511: 506: 502: 497: 493: 489: 469: 467: 464: 458: 454: 450: 443: 441: 439: 438: 433: 429: 426: 422: 418: 414: 413: 408: 404: 400: 399: 389: 377: 375: 371: 366: 362: 354: 352: 348: 340: 338: 334: 331:Japanese name 329: 317: 315: 311: 303: 301: 297: 292: 288: 280: 278: 274: 266: 264: 260: 255: 250: 245: 243: 239: 235: 231: 229: 225: 220: 208: 206: 202: 199: 195: 187: 185: 182: 178: 175: 171: 163: 161: 157: 149: 147: 143: 140: 136: 128: 126: 122: 114: 112: 108: 105: 101: 96: 92: 89:unworked wood 88: 84: 76: 74: 70: 62: 60: 56: 51: 47: 42: 39: 35: 19: 5368:Mount Kunlun 5236: 5201:Zhang Boduan 5186:Tao Hongjing 5106:Heshang Gong 5073: 5068:Guan Shengdi 5009:Jade Emperor 4956: 4949: 4942: 4935: 4930:Sanhuangjing 4928: 4921: 4914: 4907: 4900: 4893: 4888:Tao Te Ching 4886: 4870:(talismancy) 4865: 4852: 4837: 4823: 4803: 4795: 4787: 4779: 4752:Ten Precepts 4739: 4729: 4720: 4719: 4710: 4709: 4700: 4699: 4669: 4661: 4653: 4638: 4633:Yin and yang 4624: 4615: 4614: 4606: 4528:Epistemology 4515: 4455: 4448: 4441: 4437:Yin and yang 4429: 4420:Human nature 4412: 4408:Filial piety 4400: 4388: 4381: 4374: 4367: 4355: 4348: 4336: 4325:Confucianism 4319: 4312: 4305: 4298: 4291: 4284: 4255:Zhou Guoping 4250:Zhang Shenfu 4235:Yin Haiguang 4230:Yang Changji 4175:Liu Xiaofeng 4160:Liang Qichao 4045:Carsun Chang 4033:20th century 4019:Zhuang Cunyu 3949:Hong Liangji 3909:Chen Menglei 3904:Chen Hongmou 3886:Zhan Ruoshui 3846:Liu Zongzhou 3816:Hong Zicheng 3811:Huang Zongxi 3717:Fan Zhongyan 3695:Ten Kingdoms 3681:Linji Yixuan 3676:Liu Zongyuan 3265:Gongsun Long 3227:Eastern Zhou 3218:Philosophers 3196: 3192:Mixed School 3177: 3170: 3114:Han learning 3109:Confucianism 3045: 3026: 3022: 3015: 3011: 3004: 2997: 2978: 2971: 2951: 2939: 2927: 2915: 2903: 2891: 2879: 2867: 2855: 2843: 2831: 2819: 2807: 2795: 2783: 2771: 2759: 2747: 2735: 2723: 2711: 2699: 2687: 2675: 2666: 2654: 2642: 2630: 2618: 2606: 2594: 2582: 2570: 2558: 2546: 2534: 2522: 2513: 2503: 2489:(in Chinese) 2484: 2467: 2461:(in Chinese) 2456: 2447: 2436: 2428: 2423: 2417:(in Chinese) 2412: 2399:Dong Tonghe 2395: 2383: 2378: 2370: 2365: 2357: 2352: 2340: 2331: 2323: 2322: 2315: 2304: 2294: 2286: 2279:Legge, James 2274: 2266:Tao Te Ching 2265: 2256: 2248: 2240: 2193: 2189: 2187: 2167: 2158: 2149: 2145: 2143: 2121: 2117: 2101: 2100:text writes 2097: 2091: 2087: 2086: 2076: 2070: 2064: 2060: 2056: 2054: 2017: 2015: 1993:in text and 1981:in text and 1948: 1944:Heshang Gong 1942: 1940: 1934: 1930: 1928: 1918: 1909: 1907: 1896:"nameless". 1893: 1884: 1880: 1871: 1869: 1859: 1850:樸散則為器聖人用則為官長 1838: 1834: 1825: 1812: 1805: 1801: 1799: 1775: 1771: 1762: 1758: 1756: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1729: 1714: 1705: 1703: 1693: 1687: 1685: 1670: 1666: 1657: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1628: 1624: 1611: 1602: 1596: 1594: 1572: 1563: 1559: 1550: 1548: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1526: 1525: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1498: 1497: 1484: 1478: 1476: 1462: 1461: 1440: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1417: 1412: 1403: 1399: 1394: 1388: 1384: 1378: 1374: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1356: 1352: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1297: 1293: 1280: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1252: 1238: 1229: 1220: 1211: 1205: 1203: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1180: 1171: 1162: 1158: 1149: 1145: 1136: 1127: 1118: 1109: 1103: 1094: 1088: 1079: 1070: 1066: 1056: 1052: 1043: 1039: 1033: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1003: 994: 985: 976: 970: 968: 958: 943: 928: 920: 910: 901: 888: 879: 871: 858: 847: 824: 816: 805: 789: 776:in the rough 775: 761: 750: 731: 729: 714: 710: 701: 697: 688: 682: 673: 664: 660: 647: 638: 629: 620: 611: 605: 599: 585: 569: 564:promulgated 559: 541: 524: 519: 509: 500: 473: 448: 447: 435: 427: 420: 410: 397: 396: 395: 174:Southern Min 111:Hanyu Pinyin 53:Chinese name 38: 5398:White Cloud 5319:Dragon Gate 5176:Kou Qianzhi 5171:Bao Jingyan 5096:Zhuang Zhou 4916:Taipingjing 4734:(plainness) 4716:(nonaction) 4706:(integrity) 4674:(reversion) 4621:(ultimate) 4599:Metaphysics 4499:Role ethics 4484:Metaphysics 4260:Zhou Zuoren 4220:Xiong Shili 4205:Tang Chun-i 4200:Sun Yat-sen 4195:Qiu Renzong 4190:Mou Zongsan 4140:Kang Youwei 4085:Feng Youlan 4050:P. C. Chang 4040:Cai Yuanpei 4024:Zeng Guofan 4009:Yu Zhengxie 3939:Gong Zizhen 3934:Feng Guifen 3924:Fang Lanfen 3856:Qian Dehong 3656:Zhang Zhihe 3592:Xiahou Xuan 3532:Bao Jingyan 3375:Zhuang Zhou 3039:pu (Daoism) 2487:5:159-244. 2471:Zhou Fagao 2440:Li Fanggui 2222:Tabula rasa 1396:Victor Mair 1290:Old Chinese 1078:instead of 965:"a surname" 444:Terminology 257:Korean name 5415:Categories 5388:Louguantai 5181:Lu Xiujing 5161:Wei Huacun 5111:Wei Boyang 4814:Meditation 4590:Philosophy 4538:Legitimacy 4240:Yu Dunkang 4210:Tang Yijie 4185:Mao Zedong 4170:Lin Yutang 4135:Jin Yuelin 4130:Jiang Qing 4105:He Guanghu 4075:Chu Anping 4060:Chen Duxiu 3989:Wang Fuzhi 3979:Tan Sitong 3974:Pan Pingge 3969:Liu Yiming 3851:Luo Rufang 3772:Zhou Dunyi 3757:Wang Chuyi 3747:Wang Anshi 3727:Lu Jiuyuan 3607:Yan Zhitui 3597:Xie Daoyun 3499:Yang Xiong 3484:Wang Chong 3459:Kong Anguo 3320:Shen Buhai 3315:Shang Yang 3270:Guan Zhong 3240:Chunyu Kun 3161:Naturalism 2884:Welch 1957 2872:Erkes 1958 2860:Erkes 1958 2848:Erkes 1958 2836:Erkes 1958 2824:Erkes 1958 2812:Erkes 1958 2692:Welch 1957 2647:Legge 1879 2623:Waley 1937 2611:Legge 1879 2587:Waley 1937 2575:Legge 1879 2551:Waley 1937 2539:Legge 1879 2415:18:1-249. 2233:References 1822:possessive 1571:, writing 1305:include: 1161:below) as 806:The glyph 751:The glyph 470:Characters 166:buk6, pok3 152:buk6, pok3 125:Wade–Giles 5310:Chongxuan 5293:Shangqing 5256:Huang–Lao 5216:Qiu Chuji 5206:Sun Bu'er 5196:Chen Tuan 5156:Guo Xiang 5126:Zhang Jue 5101:Lie Yukou 4937:Huahujing 4909:Huainanzi 4828:(essence) 4797:Yangsheng 4649:Feng shui 4635:(duality) 4517:Shan shui 4450:Zhengming 4225:Xu Fuguan 4150:Li Shicen 4125:Ray Huang 4110:Hu Qiaomu 4080:Fang Keli 4070:Ch'ien Mu 4055:Chen Daqi 3984:Tang Zhen 3929:Fang Quan 3841:Liu Bowen 3831:Lai Zhide 3821:Jiao Hong 3806:Chen Jiru 3767:Zhang Zai 3732:Shao Yong 3707:Cheng Hao 3651:Wang Tong 3552:Guo Xiang 3474:Liu Xiang 3454:Jing Fang 3365:Yuan Xian 3345:Ximen Bao 3300:Lie Yukou 3255:Duanmu Ci 3245:Confucius 3131:Huang–Lao 2956:Mair 1994 2944:Mair 1994 2932:Mair 1994 2920:Mair 1994 2908:Mair 1994 2896:Mair 1994 2776:Mair 1990 2764:Mair 1990 2728:Mair 1990 2716:Mair 1990 2704:Mair 1990 2680:Mair 1990 2527:Mair 1990 2324:Footnotes 2168:Daodejing 2057:Daodejing 2018:Daodejing 1935:Daodejing 1855:D. C. Lau 1802:Daodejing 1689:Daodejing 1682:Daodejing 1493:compounds 1415:(beam)". 1286:etymology 1277:Etymology 1069:usage as 1011:(14:45). 607:Daodejing 593:(with 16 560:When the 553:from the 536:from the 432:eponymous 5315:Quanzhen 5303:Jingming 5231:Zhu Quan 5131:Zhang Lu 4923:Xiang'er 4895:Zhuangzi 4842:(spirit) 4834:(breath) 4773:Practice 4511:Ink wash 4489:Politics 4479:Theology 4338:Ming yun 4314:Jing zuo 4273:Concepts 4155:Li Zehou 4120:Hua Gang 4090:Gan Yang 3999:Yan Yuan 3994:Wei Yuan 3964:Lin Zexu 3944:Gu Yanwu 3919:Fang Bao 3914:Dai Zhen 3876:Wu Cheng 3866:Wang Gen 3737:Shen Kuo 3712:Cheng Yi 3671:Liu Yuxi 3577:Sengzhao 3537:Fan Zhen 3439:Huan Tan 3419:Ban Zhao 3370:Zhang Yi 3360:Yang Zhu 3325:Shen Dao 3235:Bu Shang 3136:Legalism 3104:Buddhism 3000:22:1–81. 2800:Lau 1989 2752:Lau 1989 2480:上古漢語和漢藏語 2211:See also 2190:Zhuangzi 2188:Another 2146:Zhuangzi 2098:Zhuangzi 2093:Zhuangzi 2083:Zhuangzi 2016:Of nine 1951:as both 1835:yong zhi 1810:particle 1763:shengren 1538:and the 1042:below). 1023:tree as 663:defines 577:(with 6 425:pen name 380:boku, hō 351:Hiragana 320:pok, pak 306:bok, pak 160:Jyutping 5383:Hanford 5373:Temples 5298:Lingbao 5288:Xuanxue 5281:Zhengyi 5261:Taiping 5248:Schools 5237:Fangshi 5166:Ge Hong 5146:Wang Bi 5136:Ge Xuan 5051:Chang'e 4969:Deities 4958:Daozang 4951:Baopuzi 4741:Zhenren 4663:Bianhua 4523:Society 4300:Jian'ai 4115:Hu Shih 4100:Gu Zhun 3959:Ma Qixi 3861:Wang Ji 3826:Jiao Yu 3742:Su Song 3722:Hu Hong 3612:Zhi Dun 3602:Xun Can 3587:Wang Bi 3582:Wang Su 3572:Ji Kang 3567:Huiyuan 3557:Fu Xuan 3547:Ge Hong 3494:Xun Yue 3489:Wang Fu 3479:Ma Rong 3449:Jia Kui 3390:Zou Yan 3350:Xu Xing 3335:Sun Tzu 3305:Mencius 3280:Hui Shi 3275:Han Fei 3250:Deng Xi 3187:Yangism 3179:Xuanxue 3146:Marxism 3092:Schools 1933:in the 1872:houwang 1654:Ma Rong 1603:Zhoushu 1598:Shujing 1591:Shujing 1480:Shijing 1473:Shijing 1159:Shijing 1157:in the 1067:Shijing 1040:Shijing 840:uncured 835:"large" 684:Guangya 674:muzhang 657:lacunae 595:strokes 579:strokes 437:Baopuzi 428:Baopuzi 423:in his 417:Ge Hong 403:Chinese 242:Chữ Hán 181:Hokkien 5141:He Yan 5121:Gan Ji 5084:People 4805:Daoyin 4789:Waidan 4781:Neidan 4712:Wu wei 4693:Ethics 4655:Wuxing 4582:Taoism 4494:Ethics 4467:Topics 4402:Wu wei 4180:Lu Xun 4004:Yu Yue 3954:Ji Yun 3836:Li Zhi 3777:Zhu Xi 3762:Ye Shi 3661:Han Yu 3646:Jizang 3562:He Yan 3542:Fan Ye 3469:Lu Jia 3464:Liu An 3444:Jia Yi 3434:Dou Wu 3380:Zichan 3330:Su Qin 3290:Li Kui 3172:Daoxue 3166:Taoism 3141:Mohism 2408:上古音韻表搞 2388:p. 231 2170:28). 2120:(with 1885:wuming 1629:pozhou 1430:< * 1422:< * 1402:< * 1389:pʰˤrok 1387:< * 1377:< * 1364:< * 1355:< * 1345:< * 1337:< * 1325:< * 1312:< * 1248:lignin 1195:Yijing 1170:(with 1013:Guo Pu 713:< * 700:< * 689:choumu 407:Daoist 357:ぼく, ほお 263:Hangul 5325:Wuliu 5091:Laozi 5024:Houtu 4902:Liezi 4880:Texts 4722:Ziran 4640:Bagua 4617:Taiji 4611:(way) 4474:Logic 4457:Ziran 4095:Gu Su 3881:Xu Ai 3666:Li Ao 3641:Fu Yi 3355:Xunzi 3340:Wu Qi 3295:Li Si 3285:Laozi 3260:Gaozi 3046:Houpo 3025:, in 3014:, in 2452:上古音研究 2227:Ziran 2179:Liezi 2072:wuwei 1656:that 1612:Zicai 1564:baoli 1551:baoli 1424:phrôk 1413:bhelk 1404:phluk 1379:phrôk 1357:phruk 1197:uses 1080:baoli 1071:baoli 930:pōdāo 902:pòshù 880:houpo 842:meat" 702:phrôk 474:Both 434:book 412:ziran 401:is a 337:Kanji 277:Hanja 5378:Cebu 4867:Fulu 4854:Xian 4848:Diet 4839:Shen 4825:Jing 4626:Wuji 4443:Yong 4390:Tian 4369:Shen 4350:Qing 4307:Jing 3896:Qing 3795:Ming 3790:Yuan 3699:Song 3630:Tang 3385:Zisi 3310:Mozi 2335:Tr. 2206:(12) 2194:fupu 2118:pubi 1957:and 1919:buru 1910:buyu 1839:yong 1826:yong 1792:(57) 1788:(28) 1742:and 1686:Six 1650:zhou 1642:zhuo 1595:The 1562:has 1560:Erya 1544:yupu 1540:p'oh 1527:Yupu 1516:supu 1512:Erya 1508:pusu 1499:Pusu 1432:prôk 1368:or * 1347:p'ǔk 1339:p'uk 1331:b'uk 1329:or * 1318:b'ûk 1316:or * 1239:musu 1221:mupi 1204:The 1191:Erya 1163:husu 1150:pusu 1146:supu 1128:supu 1025:yupu 1017:Erya 986:supu 984:and 972:Erya 969:The 959:Piáo 520:The 480:and 269:복, 박 234:phác 211:pʰåk 190:phoh 5330:Yao 4861:Art 4671:Fan 4608:Tao 4414:Xin 4357:Ren 4280:Tao 3625:Sui 3517:Jin 3408:Han 3403:Qin 2991:117 2483:", 2474:周法高 2443:李方桂 2411:", 2402:董同龢 2026:or 1883:as 1881:Dao 1820:"a 1813:zhi 1776:dun 1774:as 1575:as 1573:bao 1536:yih 1428:bāo 1370:buk 1366:puk 1327:puk 1314:pûk 1296:or 1237:as 1219:as 1199:xin 1187:xin 1137:xin 1110:bao 1057:bao 1044:Bao 1015:'s 1004:bao 927:in 900:in 715:ʔôk 672:as 597:). 508:or 460:or 184:POJ 131:p'u 26:or 5417:: 4832:Qi 4731:Pu 4702:De 4431:Yi 4383:Ti 4376:Si 4344:Qi 4320:Li 4293:Fa 4286:De 3048:厚朴 2989:, 2987:56 2985:, 2983:70 2495:^ 2446:. 2198:復朴 2159:qi 2150:pu 2138:朴鄙 2132:樸鄙 2122:bi 2102:pu 2088:Pu 2077:de 2066:de 2063:, 2061:pu 1984:樸朴 1949:pu 1931:pu 1923:不辱 1914:不欲 1894:pu 1889:無名 1876:侯王 1860:qi 1806:pu 1772:pu 1767:聖人 1759:pu 1752:su 1748:pu 1744:su 1740:pu 1736:su 1732:pu 1715:pu 1706:su 1694:pu 1671:pu 1667:po 1658:po 1646:pu 1638:po 1633:樸斫 1625:pu 1616:梓材 1610:, 1607:周書 1568:枹櫟 1555:苞櫟 1531:棫樸 1523:. 1520:樕樸 1503:樸樕 1485:pu 1463:Pu 1441:pú 1420:pú 1400:pu 1385:pŭ 1375:pú 1362:bú 1353:pú 1343:pò 1335:pŭ 1323:bú 1310:bú 1298:bu 1294:pu 1288:. 1263:pu 1259:pu 1255:pu 1243:木素 1230:pu 1225:木皮 1212:pu 1172:hu 1167:槲樕 1154:樸樕 1132:樕樸 1119:li 1095:hu 1084:苞櫟 1075:枹櫟 1053:fu 1029:棫樸 1021:pu 995:pu 990:樕樸 977:pu 944:Pú 935:朴刀 921:pō 906:朴樹 897:)" 884:厚朴 872:pò 859:pū 848:pū 825:pǔ 817:pǔ 790:pú 762:pǔ 711:wò 698:pú 693:幬幕 678:木帳 665:wo 648:wò 639:pu 630:wu 621:wò 619:: 612:pu 586:pu 570:pu 542:pu 525:pu 517:. 510:bu 501:pu 449:Pu 440:. 421:pu 398:Pu 117:pǔ 44:Pu 5321:) 5317:( 4574:e 4567:t 4560:v 3077:e 3070:t 3063:v 2993:. 2455:( 2390:. 2163:器 2154:樸 2126:鄙 2113:朴 2107:樸 2041:朴 2035:樸 2029:朴 2023:樸 1996:樸 1990:朴 1978:樸 1972:朴 1966:樸 1960:朴 1954:樸 1864:器 1830:用 1817:之 1780:敦 1719:樸 1710:素 1698:樸 1675:樸 1662:樸 1636:( 1619:" 1584:苞 1578:枹 1489:樸 1451:璞 1445:樸 1436:剝 1408:樸 1302:樸 1234:樸 1216:朴 1176:槲 1141:心 1123:櫟 1114:枹 1102:" 1099:槲 1062:樸 1048:枹 1032:" 1008:枹 999:樸 981:樸 909:" 887:" 866:) 863:撲 838:" 832:) 829:樸 809:朴 778:) 754:樸 745:朴 739:樸 719:楃 706:樸 669:楃 652:楃 643:樸 634:屋 625:楃 616:樸 590:樸 574:朴 546:朴 529:樸 514:卜 505:菐 496:木 483:朴 477:樸 463:朴 457:樸 343:朴 283:樸 249:朴 79:朴 65:樸 36:. 29:樸 23:朴

Index

Uncarved Block (album)
Park (Korean surname)
Traditional Chinese
Simplified Chinese
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Wade–Giles
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization
Jyutping
Southern Min
Hokkien
POJ
Middle Chinese
Middle Chinese
Vietnamese alphabet
Chữ Hán

Hangul
Hanja
Revised Romanization
McCune–Reischauer
Kanji
Hiragana
Revised Hepburn
Chinese
Daoist
ziran
Ge Hong
pen name

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