549:
614:
629:
31:
2086:
122:
54:
269:
648:
80:
662:
676:
449:
are white. The underparts are mostly white with much brown or dusky streaking, barring, and vermiculation. The belly and undertail coverts are usually plain white. The legs are not feathered, which is unusual in owls, and led to another former common name, the Puerto Rican bare-legged owl. The eye is
428:
The Puerto Rican owl is 20 to 25 cm (7.9 to 9.8 in) long with a wing length of 154 to 171 mm (6.1 to 6.7 in). It weighs 100 to 170 g (3.5 to 6.0 oz), with females being slightly heavier than males. It has a rounded head with no "ear" tufts. It has three color morphs; the
601:
has assessed the Puerto Rican owl as being of Least
Concern. Though it has a relatively small range, its population exceeds 10,000 mature individuals and is believed to be stable. No specific threats have been identified. Its disappearance from the Virgin Islands is thought to have happened because
401:), but its identity as a separate subspecies has been questioned because it is based on minor differences in plumage. The taxon is probably extinct as surveys of the Virgin Islands conducted since 1995 have failed to detect any Puerto Rican owls.
486:, but no documentation supports those assertions. On Puerto Rico its primary natural habitat is humid lowland forest but it also occurs in dry forest and urban areas. "Any small territory with available nest cavities is ideal for this species."
613:
2387:
535:
The Puerto Rican owl's breeding season spans from April to June. It nests in cavities in trees and lays a clutch of up to three white eggs. Little else is known about its breeding
450:
brown, the bill greenish yellow, and the legs and feet pale brown to grayish yellow. The rufous morph replaces the brown with pale reddish brown or ochre buff. Putative subspecies
939:
Chesser, R.T.; Billerman, S.M.; Burns, K.J.; Cicero, C.; Dunn, J.L.; Kratter, A.W.; Lovette, I.J.; Mason, N.A.; Rasmussen, P.C.; Remsen, J.V.J.; Stotz, D.F.; Winker, K. (2020).
2279:
2372:
429:
brown one predominates, the rufous one is fairly common, and the gray one is rare. The brown morph has brown upperparts with irregular paler brown bars and
628:
2227:
2253:
1242:
2382:
1015:
699:
478:
in the Virgin
Islands but has not been positively recorded there since the mid 1800s. It possibly occurred on other Virgin Islands and on
1206:
475:
826:
30:
2392:
1125:
Salter, J.F.; Oliveros, C.H.; Hosner, P.A.; Manthey, J.D.; Robbins, M.B.; Moyle, R.G.; Brumfield, R.T.; Faircloth, B.C. (2019).
471:
2085:
2258:
940:
694:
577:
The Puerto Rican owl's territorial song is "a short, relatively deep, somewhat guttural, toad-like quavering trill...
2284:
1235:
1058:
972:
1438:
121:
1092:
859:), version 1.1. In Birds of the World (T. S. Schulenberg, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA.
2292:
913:
704:
361:
200:
873:
334:
240:
1031:
390:
2297:
2165:
2105:
732:
405:
823:
Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife
International digital checklist of the birds of the world
1228:
223:
2143:
2214:
2157:
1598:
1552:
1461:
689:
483:
479:
1675:
941:"Sixty-first Supplement to the American Ornithological Society's Check-list of North American Birds"
620:
330:
69:
2377:
2036:
1561:
1107:
1073:
709:
653:
462:
The Puerto Rican owl is found throughout the main island of Puerto Rico. The putative subspecies
116:
2063:
1715:
1707:
1699:
1660:
1653:
1631:
1341:
827:
http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v5_Dec20.zip
2053:
2026:
1059:"Surveys of Puerto Rican screech-owl populations in large-tract and fragmented forest habitats"
2318:
2271:
2188:
1869:
1817:
1783:
1692:
1356:
1202:
1011:
298:
2323:
2016:
1745:
1427:
1148:
1138:
976:
952:
294:
2170:
53:
2305:
1220:
893:
413:
736:
1646:
1621:
1575:
667:
446:
434:
386:
318:
454:
has somewhat paler upperparts and less heavily streaked underparts than the nominate.
268:
2366:
2266:
1906:
1769:
1762:
745:
430:
365:
338:
89:
84:
43:
1035:
917:
897:
877:
2349:
2193:
1955:
1514:
1473:
1365:
1252:
681:
602:
the native forests there were mostly cleared by the end of the nineteenth century.
562:
548:
409:
1172:
2180:
1215:
2336:
2240:
2137:
1969:
1920:
1913:
1845:
1793:
1776:
1607:
1538:
1450:
1387:
1376:
879:
Traité élémentaire et complet d'ornithologie, ou, Histoire naturelle des oiseaux
516:
442:
438:
346:
314:
310:
306:
2128:
902:. Vol. 4. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 107.
796:
661:
2344:
1948:
1927:
1896:
1859:
1838:
1807:
1684:
1584:
1324:
1311:
1295:
643:
2004:
1983:
1941:
1934:
1879:
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1726:
536:
512:
508:
467:
352:
133:
980:
771:
957:
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2310:
2122:
2043:
1976:
1800:
1735:
1399:
1289:
1271:
1143:
1126:
408:
study of the owls published in 2019 found that the Puerto Rican owl is a
183:
153:
356:
with the screech owls. It is now the only species assigned to the genus
2232:
2152:
1993:
1639:
1415:
1283:
1111:
1077:
1153:
507:
The Puerto Rican owl is a nocturnal hunter. Its primary prey is large
2245:
1962:
1831:
1265:
589:"; the latter call provides the local colloquial name "cuckoo bird".
524:
360:
that was introduced in 1854 specifically for the Puerto Rican owl by
143:
2099:
2206:
523:. It also regularly eats small vertebrates such as frogs, lizards,
2331:
2201:
1886:
1277:
372:
106:
100:
2219:
2070:
1752:
598:
520:
163:
2103:
1512:
1308:
1224:
173:
1036:"Notes on some Cuban birds, with descriptions of new species"
882:(in French). Vol. 2. Paris: Chez L'Auteur. p. 199.
433:. The tail is also brown with paler vermiculation. The wing
1127:"Extensive paraphyly in the typical owl family (Strigidae)"
795:
Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P., eds. (January 2022).
397:. This is treated as a subspecies of the Puerto Rican owl (
344:. The species was subsequently placed either in the genus
499:
The Puerto Rican owl is resident throughout its range.
337:
from specimens collected in Puerto Rico. He coined the
2388:
Higher-level bird taxa restricted to the West Indies
2059:
2049:
2032:
2022:
2012:
1989:
1902:
1892:
1875:
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1813:
1789:
1758:
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1672:
1618:
1595:
1572:
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1353:
1337:
2112:
2003:
1725:
1671:
1617:
1594:
1571:
1548:
1525:
1472:
1449:
1426:
1398:
1375:
1352:
1322:
1057:Pardieck, Keith; Myers, J; Pagan, Michelle (1996).
1040:
Annals of the Lyceum of
Natural History of New York
542:
1010:. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 182, 276.
309:" in subfamily Striginae. It is endemic to the
1173:"Puerto Rican Screech Owl ~ Megascops nudipes"
922:Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquée
1236:
8:
1008:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
378:, a type of eared owl. The specific epithet
441:have narrow light and dark brown bars; the
2100:
1522:
1509:
1404:
1330:
1319:
1305:
1243:
1229:
1221:
1093:"Status of the Virgin Islands screech-owl"
851:
849:
847:
845:
843:
841:
839:
837:
835:
267:
78:
52:
29:
20:
1152:
1142:
956:
420:), a migratory species in North America.
619:An adult at the western municipality of
563:Listen to Puerto Rican owl on xeno-canto
861:https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.prsowl.01.1
721:
609:
1199:Las aves de Puerto Rico en fotografĂas
1166:
1164:
855:Goodson, C. (2021). Puerto Rican Owl (
821:HBW and BirdLife International (2020)
727:
725:
317:though it formerly also inhabited the
1216:Dealing with injured or orphaned owls
987:. International Ornithologists' Union
7:
700:List of endemic fauna of Puerto Rico
2373:IUCN Red List least concern species
1201:(in Spanish). Editorial Humanitas.
746:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
371:meaning "bare" or "naked" with the
581:." It also makes "a soft cackling
14:
2084:
1171:Deane Lewis (October 20, 2020).
985:IOC World Bird List Version 11.1
899:Check-List of Birds of the World
674:
660:
646:
627:
612:
547:
382:is Latin meaning "bare-footed".
333:in 1800 by the French zoologist
120:
918:"Tableau des oiseaux de proie"
364:. The genus name combines the
1:
437:have some whitish spots. Its
2383:Endemic birds of Puerto Rico
1100:Journal of Field Ornithology
695:List of birds of Puerto Rico
2409:
1006:Jobling, James A. (2010).
737:"Puerto Rican Screech-owl
350:with the scops owls or in
2082:
1521:
1508:
1407:
1333:
1318:
1304:
1260:
1091:Moreno, Jorge A. (1998).
914:Bonaparte, Charles Lucien
825:Version 5. Available at:
389:was described in 1860 by
385:A species endemic to the
329:The Puerto Rican owl was
301:), formerly known as the
266:
253:
248:
229:
222:
117:Scientific classification
115:
98:
76:
67:
60:
51:
37:
28:
23:
1255:and their extinct allies
1032:Lawrence, George Newbold
705:List of birds of Vieques
458:Distribution and habitat
399:Gymnasio nudipes newtoni
362:Charles Lucien Bonaparte
325:Taxonomy and systematics
303:Puerto Rican screech owl
62:Gymnasio nudipes newtoni
2393:Birds described in 1800
979:, eds. (January 2021).
863:retrieved March 9, 2022
391:George Newbold Lawrence
874:Daudin, François Marie
733:BirdLife International
466:certainly occurred on
406:molecular phylogenetic
1197:Oberle, Mark (2003).
829:retrieved 27 May 2021
418:Psiloscops flammeolus
335:François Marie Daudin
772:"Appendices | CITES"
690:Fauna of Puerto Rico
1066:The Wilson Bulletin
958:10.1093/auk/ukaa030
924:. 2nd (in French).
801:IOC World Bird List
393:under the binomial
70:Conservation status
1144:10.1093/auk/ukz070
975:; Donsker, David;
710:El Toro Wilderness
654:Puerto Rico portal
395:Gymnoglaux newtoni
331:formally described
305:, is a mid-sized "
2360:
2359:
2350:Megascops-nudipes
2319:Open Tree of Life
2114:Megascops nudipes
2106:Taxon identifiers
2097:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2080:
2079:
1504:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1357:Zealandornithidae
1017:978-1-4081-2501-4
977:Rasmussen, Pamela
894:Peters, James Lee
739:Megascops nudipes
569:
568:
275:
274:
204:
110:
93:
24:Puerto Rican owl
2400:
2353:
2352:
2340:
2339:
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2301:
2300:
2288:
2287:
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2184:
2183:
2174:
2173:
2161:
2160:
2158:80A077C8C857E3E5
2148:
2147:
2146:
2144:Gymnasio nudipes
2133:
2132:
2131:
2101:
2088:
2061:
2051:
2034:
2024:
2014:
1991:
1904:
1894:
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1867:
1815:
1791:
1760:
1743:
1674:
1620:
1597:
1574:
1551:
1536:
1523:
1510:
1439:Accipitrimorphae
1428:Accipitrimorphae
1413:
1405:
1355:
1339:
1331:
1320:
1306:
1245:
1238:
1231:
1222:
1212:
1184:
1183:
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1168:
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1116:
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1021:
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960:
936:
930:
929:
910:
904:
903:
890:
884:
883:
870:
864:
857:Gymnasio nudipes
853:
830:
819:
813:
812:
810:
808:
792:
786:
785:
783:
782:
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762:
761:
759:
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684:
679:
678:
677:
670:
665:
664:
656:
651:
650:
649:
631:
616:
551:
543:
284:Gymnasio nudipes
279:Puerto Rican owl
271:
235:
233:Gymnasio nudipes
199:
125:
124:
104:
87:
82:
81:
56:
39:Gymnasio nudipes
33:
21:
2408:
2407:
2403:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2398:
2397:
2363:
2362:
2361:
2356:
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2335:
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2322:
2317:
2309:
2306:Observation.org
2304:
2296:
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2231:
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2127:
2126:
2121:
2108:
2098:
2089:
2076:
1999:
1721:
1667:
1613:
1599:Palaeoglaucidae
1590:
1567:
1553:Heterostrigidae
1544:
1517:
1488:
1468:
1445:
1422:
1394:
1371:
1348:
1327:
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1300:
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1191:Further reading
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557:Songs and calls
533:
505:
497:
492:
460:
426:
414:flammulated owl
327:
258:
244:
237:
231:
218:
215:G. nudipes
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119:
111:
94:
83:
79:
72:
17:
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5:
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1676:Sophiornitidae
1669:
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1657:
1650:
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1622:Protostrigidae
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1612:
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1601:
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1576:Ogygoptyngidae
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1557:
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1546:
1545:
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1542:
1531:
1529:
1527:incertae sedis
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1106:(4): 557–562.
1083:
1072:(4): 776–782.
1049:
1023:
1016:
998:
964:
931:
905:
896:, ed. (1940).
885:
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831:
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668:Biology portal
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410:sister species
387:Virgin Islands
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319:Virgin Islands
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16:Species of owl
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431:vermiculation
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366:Ancient Greek
363:
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349:
348:
343:
342:Strix nudipes
340:
339:binomial name
336:
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260:G. n. newtoni
257:
256:G. n. nudipes
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224:Binomial name
221:
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85:Least Concern
75:
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1992:
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1968:
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1515:Strigiformes
1474:Strigiformes
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1366:Zealandornis
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1134:
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506:
498:
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289:
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174:Strigiformes
61:
42:
38:
18:
2293:Neotropical
2241:iNaturalist
2138:Wikispecies
2037:Nocturnavis
1970:Taenioptynx
1921:Pseudoscops
1846:Margarobyas
1794:Grallistrix
1608:Palaeoglaux
1562:Heterostrix
1539:Ypresiglaux
1483:See below ↓
1462:Coliiformes
1451:Coliiformes
1388:Australaves
1377:Australaves
1046:: 247-275 .
973:Gill, Frank
951:(ukaa030).
928:: 530–544 .
807:January 15,
513:cockroaches
443:supercilium
424:Description
315:Puerto Rico
311:archipelago
307:typical owl
249:Subspecies
103:Appendix II
2367:Categories
2345:Xeno-canto
2064:Selenornis
1949:Scotopelia
1928:Psiloscops
1897:Oraristrix
1860:Micrathene
1839:Lophostrix
1808:Gymnoglaux
1784:Glaucidium
1716:Sophiornis
1708:Palaeotyto
1700:Palaeobyas
1685:Berruornis
1661:Primoptynx
1654:Oligostrix
1632:Aurorornis
1585:Ogygoptynx
1342:Lamillavis
1325:Telluraves
1312:Telluraves
1296:Telluraves
1251:Genera of
1154:2346/93048
1137:(ukz070).
781:2022-01-14
716:References
579:rrurrrrrrr
509:arthropods
476:St. Thomas
2378:Strigidae
2054:Prosybris
2027:Necrobyas
2005:Tytonidae
1984:Xenoglaux
1942:Pulsatrix
1935:Ptilopsis
1880:Miosurnia
1853:Megascops
1727:Strigidae
1264:Kingdom:
776:cites.org
537:phenology
468:St. Croix
353:Megascops
209:Species:
201:Bonaparte
184:Strigidae
140:Kingdom:
134:Eukaryota
2332:Species+
2272:22688891
2171:22688891
2166:BirdLife
2129:Q1263720
2123:Wikidata
2044:Phodilus
1977:Uroglaux
1870:Mioglaux
1818:Intulula
1801:Gymnasio
1736:Aegolius
1693:Enskenia
1400:Afroaves
1290:Passerea
1272:Chordata
1270:Phylum:
1266:Animalia
1178:March 9,
1034:(1860).
916:(1854).
876:(1800).
803:. v 12.1
735:(2016).
640:See also
634:An owlet
531:Breeding
511:such as
495:Movement
490:Behavior
472:St. John
358:Gymnasio
195:Gymnasio
180:Family:
154:Chordata
150:Phylum:
144:Animalia
130:Domain:
90:IUCN 3.1
2324:4131251
2285:1740172
2233:2497337
2220:1024936
2153:Avibase
2017:Miotyto
1994:Yarquen
1647:Minerva
1640:Eostrix
1416:Lutavis
1294:Clade:
1288:Clade:
1284:Neoaves
1282:Clade:
1276:Class:
1131:The Auk
1112:4514360
1078:4163757
945:The Auk
756:9 March
606:Gallery
587:coo-coo
525:rodents
503:Feeding
484:Culebra
480:Vieques
435:coverts
412:to the
380:nudipes
295:Spanish
243:, 1800)
190:Genus:
170:Order:
160:Class:
105: (
88: (
41:over a
2298:prsowl
2259:686678
2207:prsowl
2181:prsowl
1963:Surnia
1832:Ketupa
1825:Jubula
1770:Athene
1746:Alasio
1310:Basal
1205:
1110:
1076:
1014:
991:21 May
981:"Owls"
797:"Owls"
621:Aguada
593:Status
519:, and
474:, and
369:gumnos
241:Daudin
203:, 1854
2311:72169
2246:19754
2202:eBird
2194:6R7WY
2178:BOW:
1956:Strix
1887:Ninox
1108:JSTOR
1096:(PDF)
1074:JSTOR
1062:(PDF)
583:gu-gu
521:moths
447:lores
373:Latin
299:Taino
287:) or
107:CITES
101:CITES
47:tree
2337:5303
2280:NCBI
2267:IUCN
2254:ITIS
2228:GBIF
2071:Tyto
1914:Otus
1777:Bubo
1753:Asio
1460:See
1437:See
1386:See
1278:Aves
1253:owls
1203:ISBN
1180:2022
1012:ISBN
993:2021
809:2022
758:2022
751:2016
599:IUCN
597:The
482:and
445:and
376:asio
347:Otus
297:via
277:The
164:Aves
2215:EoL
2189:CoL
1149:hdl
1139:doi
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