69:
2206:
92:
at an angle. A soldier stepping into the pit would find it impossible to remove their leg without doing severe damage, and injuries might be incurred by the simple act of falling forward while one's leg is in a narrow, vertical, stake-lined pit. Such pits would require time and care to dig the
112:
The point of penetration was usually in the foot or lower leg area. Punji sticks were not necessarily meant to kill the person who stepped on them; rather, they were sometimes designed specifically to only wound the enemy and slow or halt their unit while the victim was evacuated to a medical
108:
Punji sticks were sometimes deployed in the preparation of an ambush. Soldiers lying in wait for the enemy to pass would deploy punji sticks in the areas where the surprised enemy might be expected to take cover, resulting in soldiers diving for cover potentially impaling themselves.
104:
Other additional measures include coating the sticks in poison from plants, animal venom, or even human feces, causing infection or poisoning in the victim after being pierced by the sticks, even if the injury itself was not life-threatening.
80:
by natural undergrowth, crops, grass, brush or similar materials. They were often incorporated into various types of traps; for example, a camouflaged pit into which a soldier might fall (it would then be a
68:
1600:
166:
313:
1416:
171:
2010:
1705:
2241:
218:
93:
soldier's leg out, immobilizing the unit longer than if the foot were simply pierced, in which case the victim could be evacuated by
1825:
1610:
2035:
269:
2231:
1258:
796:
306:
76:
Punji sticks would be placed in areas likely to be passed through by enemy troops. The presence of punji sticks may be
46:, which is sharpened, heated, and usually set in a hole. Punji sticks are usually deployed in substantial numbers. The
1595:
676:
176:
125:, this method was used to force wounded soldiers to be transported by helicopter to a medical hospital for treatment.
2236:
1191:
1640:
1265:
48:
2137:
1215:
2184:
1959:
1665:
1660:
1580:
1377:
1324:
1294:
1051:
981:
925:
502:
299:
2209:
2025:
1615:
1512:
1397:
581:
2162:
2000:
1782:
1535:
1272:
1095:
424:
2147:
1675:
1301:
1100:
1066:
466:
348:
236:. US Army, Vietnam Studies. WASHINGTON, D. C.: United States Army Center of Military. CMH Pub 90-21.
1964:
1700:
1056:
434:
141:
2086:
1695:
1670:
1655:
1650:
1500:
1480:
1277:
838:
705:
449:
161:
98:
231:
2142:
2101:
2076:
1949:
1630:
1470:
1317:
903:
781:
459:
402:
2116:
2091:
2020:
1944:
1545:
1540:
1475:
1026:
830:
409:
52:(third edition, 2007) lists less frequent, earlier spellings for "punji stake (or stick)":
2005:
1857:
1830:
1770:
1740:
1625:
1590:
1570:
1555:
1110:
1105:
1073:
834:
776:
764:
746:
613:
594:
520:
497:
2174:
2169:
1835:
1820:
1755:
1745:
1620:
1605:
1505:
1495:
1460:
1334:
1127:
824:
791:
755:
571:
429:
393:
2225:
2179:
2132:
2040:
2030:
1984:
1954:
1939:
1908:
1889:
1750:
1690:
1645:
1560:
1519:
1329:
962:
957:
690:
653:
638:
589:
534:
513:
322:
145:
2157:
2015:
1979:
1934:
1918:
1846:
1799:
1775:
1765:
1760:
1575:
1392:
1253:
1220:
1085:
1021:
996:
908:
882:
850:
844:
786:
725:
695:
543:
82:
247:
2056:
1913:
1882:
1864:
1852:
1794:
1789:
1730:
1725:
1685:
1585:
1550:
1446:
1120:
1090:
1080:
986:
875:
683:
492:
439:
152:(and it is from the Tibeto-Burman language that this word probably originated).
129:
122:
273:
128:
Punji sticks were also used in
Vietnam to complement various defenses, such as
2081:
2061:
1901:
1873:
1804:
1680:
1635:
1565:
1485:
1382:
1287:
1227:
1186:
1164:
1115:
1061:
1011:
1006:
991:
950:
898:
856:
801:
643:
606:
559:
77:
39:
1490:
1421:
1248:
1243:
1176:
817:
730:
660:
618:
444:
414:
375:
341:
94:
17:
1974:
1969:
1894:
1735:
1453:
1428:
1411:
1341:
1282:
1210:
1203:
1046:
934:
808:
628:
623:
599:
527:
507:
487:
454:
205:
Inside the VC and the NVA: The Real Story of North
Vietnam's Armed Forces
140:
The term first appeared in the
English language in the 1870s, after the
2106:
2071:
2066:
1404:
1387:
1372:
1356:
1308:
1236:
1181:
1171:
1139:
1041:
1016:
1001:
771:
715:
633:
480:
473:
419:
2111:
1465:
1031:
969:
913:
891:
868:
861:
737:
720:
552:
384:
366:
336:
88:
Sometimes a pit would be dug with punji sticks in the sides pointing
43:
2152:
2096:
1840:
1365:
1196:
1036:
357:
149:
67:
291:
1134:
976:
943:
918:
710:
700:
669:
648:
295:
144:
encountered the sticks in their border conflicts against the
72:
Punji sticks used during the
Vietnam War, photo from 1966
2125:
2049:
1993:
1927:
1813:
1718:
1528:
1439:
1155:
1148:
580:
329:
167:NLF and PAVN strategy, organization and structure
42:stake. It is a simple spike, made out of wood or
563:
1125:
1071:
889:
735:
1780:
1510:
1339:
1315:
932:
923:
880:
604:
400:
391:
307:
270:"Punji | Define Punji at Dictionary.com"
230:Hay, Lieutenant General John H. Jr. (1989) .
8:
1899:
1880:
1871:
1862:
1451:
1426:
1402:
1363:
1354:
1306:
1292:
1263:
1234:
1225:
1201:
1162:
967:
948:
866:
815:
806:
762:
753:
744:
681:
667:
658:
541:
518:
550:
532:
478:
464:
382:
373:
364:
355:
346:
1152:
314:
300:
292:
272:. Dictionary.reference.com. Archived from
198:
196:
194:
192:
188:
219:"Cat Lo: A Memoir of Invincible Youth"
203:Lanning, Michael; Cragg, Dan (1992).
7:
172:NLF and PAVN logistics and equipment
1706:Weapons Storage and Security System
25:
233:Tactical and materiel innovations
2205:
2204:
207:. Ivy Books. pp. 120–168.
1:
1601:British "hedgehog" road block
248:"Online Etymology Dictionary"
54:panja, panjee, panjie, panji
27:Booby-trapped stake or spike
2011:Cities with defensive walls
1596:Defensive fighting position
1511:
1316:
1126:
1072:
933:
924:
890:
881:
736:
177:NLF and PAVN battle tactics
2258:
2242:Guerrilla warfare tactics
2195:
1641:Hardened aircraft shelter
1616:Entry control point (ECP)
49:Oxford English Dictionary
2138:Continuity of government
1960:Motte-and-bailey castle
1666:Missile launch facility
1661:Main line of resistance
356:
2036:Military installations
1900:
1881:
1872:
1863:
1781:
1452:
1427:
1403:
1393:Scarp and Counterscarp
1364:
1355:
1340:
1307:
1293:
1264:
1235:
1226:
1202:
1163:
968:
949:
867:
816:
807:
763:
754:
745:
682:
668:
659:
605:
564:
551:
542:
533:
519:
479:
465:
401:
392:
383:
374:
365:
347:
73:
1805:Floating water castle
1536:Admiralty scaffolding
829:Fortified buildings (
71:
2148:Subterranean warfare
1101:Viking ring fortress
2232:Area denial weapons
1965:Quadrangular castle
1701:Weapon storage area
1057:Quadrangular castle
142:British Indian Army
1696:Underground hangar
1481:Fire control tower
1278:Gunpowder magazine
706:Butter-churn tower
276:on 25 October 2012
162:Area denial weapon
74:
2237:Primitive weapons
2219:
2218:
2143:Military urbanism
2077:Fortified gateway
1950:Concentric castle
1714:
1713:
1631:Fire support base
1471:Coastal artillery
1346:(Spanish America)
940:
782:Concentric castle
16:(Redirected from
2249:
2208:
2207:
2201:
2092:National redoubt
2021:Fortified estate
1945:Circular rampart
1905:
1886:
1877:
1868:
1786:
1546:Anti-tank trench
1541:Air raid shelter
1516:
1476:Disappearing gun
1457:
1432:
1408:
1369:
1360:
1345:
1321:
1312:
1298:
1269:
1240:
1231:
1207:
1168:
1153:
1131:
1111:Bailey (or ward)
1077:
982:Motte-and-bailey
973:
954:
938:
930:
929:
895:
886:
872:
821:
812:
768:
759:
750:
741:
687:
673:
664:
610:
567:
556:
547:
538:
524:
484:
470:
410:Circular rampart
406:
397:
388:
379:
370:
361:
352:
316:
309:
302:
293:
286:
285:
283:
281:
266:
260:
259:
257:
255:
250:. Etymonline.com
244:
238:
237:
227:
221:
215:
209:
208:
200:
21:
2257:
2256:
2252:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2246:
2222:
2221:
2220:
2215:
2199:
2191:
2121:
2045:
1989:
1923:
1858:Imperial castle
1831:Coercion castle
1826:Coastal defence
1809:
1771:Promontory fort
1741:Hillside castle
1710:
1626:Fallout shelter
1591:Concertina wire
1571:Border security
1524:
1435:
1144:
777:Coercion castle
765:Cheval de frise
747:Chemin de ronde
595:Albarrana tower
576:
521:Schwedenschanze
498:Promontory fort
325:
320:
290:
289:
279:
277:
268:
267:
263:
253:
251:
246:
245:
241:
229:
228:
224:
216:
212:
202:
201:
190:
185:
158:
138:
119:
99:fireman's carry
66:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2255:
2253:
2245:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2224:
2223:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2188:
2187:
2177:
2175:Trench warfare
2172:
2170:Tunnel warfare
2167:
2166:
2165:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2026:Fortifications
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1878:
1869:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1843:
1838:
1836:Counter-castle
1833:
1828:
1823:
1821:Border barrier
1817:
1815:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1756:Lowland castle
1753:
1748:
1746:Hilltop castle
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1722:
1720:
1716:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1621:Electric fence
1618:
1613:
1611:Dragon's teeth
1608:
1606:Czech hedgehog
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1520:Wire obstacles
1517:
1508:
1506:Polygonal fort
1503:
1498:
1496:Martello tower
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1461:Border outpost
1458:
1449:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1433:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1361:
1352:
1347:
1337:
1335:Polygonal fort
1332:
1327:
1322:
1313:
1304:
1299:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1232:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1159:
1157:
1150:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
965:
960:
955:
946:
941:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
887:
878:
873:
864:
859:
854:
847:
842:
827:
825:Flanking tower
822:
813:
804:
799:
794:
792:Counter-castle
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
760:
751:
742:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
679:
674:
665:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
602:
597:
592:
586:
584:
582:Post-classical
578:
577:
575:
574:
572:Vitrified fort
569:
557:
548:
539:
530:
525:
516:
511:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
476:
471:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
437:
432:
430:Defensive wall
427:
422:
417:
412:
407:
398:
389:
380:
371:
362:
353:
344:
339:
333:
331:
327:
326:
323:Fortifications
321:
319:
318:
311:
304:
296:
288:
287:
261:
239:
222:
217:Virgil Erwin,
210:
187:
186:
184:
181:
180:
179:
174:
169:
164:
157:
154:
137:
134:
118:
115:
101:if necessary.
65:
62:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2254:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2212:
2211:
2198:
2197:
2194:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2180:Urban warfare
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2133:Civil defense
2131:
2130:
2128:
2124:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
2001:Bastion forts
1999:
1998:
1996:
1992:
1986:
1985:Z-plan castle
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1955:L-plan castle
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1940:Bridge castle
1938:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1926:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1909:Refuge castle
1907:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1890:Military base
1888:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1853:Hunting lodge
1851:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1766:Moated castle
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1751:Island castle
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1719:By topography
1717:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1691:Submarine pen
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1646:Hesco bastion
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1561:Blast shelter
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1527:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1431:
1430:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1343:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1330:Place-of-arms
1328:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1268:
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40:booby trapped
38:is a type of
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2203:
2158:Siege engine
2126:Other topics
2050:Related word
2016:Defense line
1980:Tower castle
1935:Bastion fort
1919:Urban castle
1847:Ganerbenburg
1845:
1800:Water castle
1776:Ridge castle
1761:Marsh castle
1576:Bomb shelter
1556:Belgian gate
1529:20th century
1440:19th century
1378:Retrenchment
1350:Punji sticks
1349:
1259:Entrenchment
1254:Device Forts
1221:Counterguard
1156:Early modern
1086:Tower castle
1022:Powder tower
997:Outer bailey
909:Inner bailey
883:Gulyay-gorod
851:Ganerbenburg
849:
845:Fujian tulou
787:Corner tower
726:Chamber gate
696:Bridge tower
544:Trou de loup
278:. Retrieved
274:the original
264:
252:. Retrieved
242:
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127:
120:
111:
107:
103:
89:
87:
83:trou de loup
75:
57:
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47:
35:
31:
29:
2057:Castle town
1914:Toll castle
1883:Lustschloss
1865:Kaiserpfalz
1795:Spur castle
1790:Rock castle
1731:Hill castle
1726:Cave castle
1686:Spider hole
1586:Bremer wall
1551:Barbed tape
1447:Barbed wire
1121:Witch tower
1091:Tower house
1081:Toll castle
1067:Shield wall
987:Murder hole
876:Guard tower
493:Pincer gate
440:Faussebraye
130:barbed wire
123:Vietnam War
117:Vietnam War
78:camouflaged
64:Description
36:punji stake
32:punji stick
18:Punji stake
2226:Categories
2082:Gatekeeper
1902:Ordensburg
1874:Landesburg
1681:Sentry gun
1636:Flak tower
1566:Blast wall
1486:Gun turret
1383:Sally port
1288:Kotta mara
1228:Couvreface
1192:Breastwork
1187:Blockhouse
1165:Abwurfdach
1116:Watchtower
1106:Wall tower
1062:Shell keep
1012:Portcullis
1007:Peel tower
992:Neck ditch
951:Landesburg
899:Half tower
857:Gate tower
802:Drawbridge
644:Battlement
560:Wagon fort
403:Chengqiang
280:31 October
254:1 November
183:References
113:facility.
2185:Guerrilla
1928:By design
1676:Revetment
1491:Land mine
1422:Star fort
1249:Crownwork
1244:Covertway
1177:Barricade
818:Embrasure
731:Chartaque
661:Bergfried
619:Arrowslit
445:Gatehouse
415:City gate
376:Castellum
342:Acropolis
136:Etymology
95:stretcher
2210:Category
2200:See also
2087:Loophole
1975:Ringwork
1970:Ringfort
1895:Obstacle
1736:Hillfort
1656:Loophole
1454:Barbette
1429:Tenaille
1412:Sea fort
1342:Presidio
1302:Magazine
1283:Hornwork
1216:Cavalier
1211:Casemate
1204:Caponier
1047:Ringwork
935:Detinets
904:Hoarding
809:Enceinte
684:Bretèche
629:Bartizan
624:Barbican
600:Alcazaba
528:Stockade
508:Ringfort
488:Palisade
460:Landwehr
455:Hillfort
156:See also
90:downward
2117:Vedette
2107:Schloss
2072:Festung
2067:Dungeon
2062:Château
2006:Castles
1814:By role
1671:Pillbox
1501:Outpost
1417:Station
1405:Schanze
1388:Sandbag
1373:Redoubt
1357:Ravelin
1325:Palanka
1309:Orillon
1295:Lunette
1237:Coupure
1182:Bastion
1172:Arsenal
1140:Zwinger
1052:Roundel
1042:Ricetto
1017:Postern
1002:Outwork
926:Kremlin
797:Curtain
772:Citadel
756:Chemise
716:Caltrop
634:Bastion
607:Alcázar
503:Rampart
481:Oppidum
474:Nuraghe
420:Crannog
394:Castros
330:Ancient
146:Kachins
121:In the
2112:Trench
2102:Picket
1513:Sangar
1466:Bunker
1398:Sconce
1318:Ostrog
1266:Flèche
1149:Modern
1128:Yagura
1096:Turret
1032:Reduit
970:Merlon
914:Kasbah
892:Gusuku
869:Glacis
862:Gabion
831:church
738:Chashi
721:Castle
565:Laager
553:Vallum
510:(Rath)
385:Castra
367:Burgus
337:Abatis
56:, and
44:bamboo
2153:Siege
2097:Palas
2041:Walls
2031:Forts
1994:Lists
1841:Fence
1783:Rocca
1651:Kabal
1366:Redan
1273:Gorge
1197:Canal
1074:Shiro
1037:Ribat
1027:Qalat
839:Dzong
835:house
535:Sudis
467:Limes
425:Ditch
358:Broch
349:Agger
150:Burma
58:punge
2163:list
1581:Buoy
1135:Yett
977:Moat
944:Ksar
919:Keep
711:Caer
701:Burh
677:Boom
670:Berm
649:Bawn
614:Amba
450:Gord
282:2012
256:2019
30:The
435:Dun
97:or
85:).
34:or
2228::
2202::
837:,
833:,
191:^
132:.
60:.
939:)
931:(
841:)
568:)
562:(
315:e
308:t
301:v
284:.
258:.
20:)
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