184:
67:
199:
A group of separatist
Puritans had fled from England to the Netherlands because they were unhappy with the insufficient reforms of the English church, and to escape persecution. After a few years, however, they began to fear that their children would lose their English identities, so they traveled to
127:
This religious conflict worsened after
Charles I became king in 1625, and Parliament increasingly opposed his authority. In 1629, Charles dissolved Parliament with no intention of summoning a new one in an ill-fated attempt to neutralize his enemies there, which included numerous Puritans. With the
169:. The colonists to New England were mostly families with some education who were leading relatively prosperous lives in England. One modern writer, however, estimates that 7 to 10 percent of the colonists returned to England after 1640, including about a third of the clergymen.
160:
The Great
Migration saw 80,000 people leave England, roughly 20,000 migrating to each of four destinations: Ireland, New England, the West Indies, and the Netherlands. The immigrants to New England came from every English county except
204:. They and the later wave of Puritan immigrants created a deeply religious, socially tight-knit, and politically innovative culture that is still present within the United States. They hoped that this new land would serve as a "
214:
preached religious toleration, separation of church and state, and a complete break with the Church of
England. He was banished in 1635 from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and founded Providence Plantations, which became the
208:." They fled England and attempted to create a "nation of saints" in America, an intensely religious, thoroughly righteous community designed to be an example for all of Europe and the rest of the world.
128:
religious and political climate so unpromising, many
Puritans decided to leave the country. Some of the migrants were also English expatriate communities of Nonconformists and Separatists from the
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580:
558:
216:
595:
336:
600:
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of the Church of
England, which had also preserved medieval canon law almost intact. They opposed church practices that resembled Roman Catholic ritual.
610:
388:
625:
178:
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took place from 1620 to 1640, declining sharply afterwards. The term "Great
Migration" can refer to the migration in the period of English
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began in 1641, and some colonists returned from New
England to England to fight on the Puritan side. Many then remained in England since
91:
231:
were also expelled from
Massachusetts, but they were welcomed in Rhode Island. In 1658, a group of Jews were welcomed to settle in
63:. They came in family groups rather than as isolated individuals and were mainly motivated by freedom to practice their beliefs.
35:
620:
615:
263:
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66:
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in Spain and
Portugal but had not been permitted to settle elsewhere. The Newport congregation is now referred to as
529:
Breen Timothy H., and Stephen Foster. "Moving to the New World: The Character of Early Massachusetts Migration,"
511:
New England's Generation: The Great Migration and the Formation of Society and Culture in the Seventeenth Century
252:
188:
146:
60:
499:
Anderson, Virginia DeJohn. "Migrants and Motives: Religion and the Settlement of New England, 1630–1640,"
79:
17:
553:
232:
193:
149:. Migration continued until Parliament was reconvened in 1640, when the scale dropped off sharply. The
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made some efforts to reconcile the Puritan clergy who had been alienated by the lack of change in the
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52:
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Coming Over: Migration and Communication between England and New England in the Seventeenth Century
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112:(Reformed theology) with its opposition to ritual and an emphasis on preaching, a growing
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Collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society (Boston, 1838), 3rd series 7:31-48.
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325:, 2nd edition (James Savage, ed.), Little, Brown and Company publ. 1853, page 442
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This article is about Puritan migration of 1620-1640. For other uses of the term
236:
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109:
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New England's Great Migration, by Lynn Betlock, www.americanancestors.org
223:, who had been tried and banished from Massachusetts Bay in 1638 for her
75:
48:
577:
Mobility and Migration: East Anglian Founders of New England, 1629–1640
563:
534:
524:
514:
228:
141:
504:
548:
Puritans and Yankees: The Winthrop Dynasty of New England, 1630–1717
260:, for further details on King Charles I's conflicts with Parliament.
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and is the second-oldest Jewish congregation in the United States.
182:
65:
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The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England, 1620–1633
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who had fled to the European mainland since the 1590s.
521:
The Peopling of British North America: An Introduction
494:. Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society.
323:
The History of New England from 1630 to 1649, Vol. I
562:(1989), comprehensive look at major ethnic groups
407:Pilgrims: New World Settlers and the Call of Home
503:, Vol. 58, No. 3 (Sep., 1985), pp. 339–383
421:History of Plymouth Plantation 1620 – 1647
337:"The Puritan Migration: Albion's Seed Sets Sail"
559:Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America
219:. The Rhode Island Colony provided a haven for
465:Quakers and Baptists in Colonial Massachusetts
145:, and it delivered some 700 passengers to the
139:of 1630 included 11 ships led by the flagship
27:Movement of English Puritans to North America
8:
606:History of immigration to the United States
18:Puritan migration to New England (1620–40)
292:
290:
179:History of the Puritans in North America
275:
200:the New World in 1620 and established
157:backed Parliament as an Independent.
7:
596:English colonization of the Americas
120:of church polity, as opposed to the
601:Immigrants to the Thirteen Colonies
485:. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press.
92:James VI and I and religious issues
173:Religious societies in New England
25:
389:"East Anglian Puritans 1629-1640"
368:. New York: Macmillan. p. 52
611:History of the Thirteen Colonies
490:Robert Charles Anderson (1999).
45:Puritan migration to New England
36:Great Migration (disambiguation)
626:Migrations in the United States
299:"New England's Great Migration"
1:
481:Adams, James Truslow (1921).
264:Great Migration Study Project
531:William & Mary Quarterly
436:A Model of Christian Charity
362:Roscoe Lewis Ashley (1908).
509:Anderson, Virginia DeJohn.
483:The Founding of New England
642:
176:
89:
29:
253:History of Massachusetts
235:; they were fleeing the
189:Pilgrims Going to Church
165:; nearly half were from
147:Massachusetts Bay Colony
61:Massachusetts Bay Colony
564:excerpt and text search
525:excerpt and text search
515:excerpt and text search
463:Carla Gardina Pestana,
393:Puritans to New England
116:, and preference for a
621:New England Puritanism
616:History of New England
554:Fischer, David Hackett
196:
192:, an 1867 portrait by
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80:Hingham, Massachusetts
501:New England Quarterly
405:Susan Hardman Moore,
194:George Henry Boughton
186:
177:Further information:
90:Further information:
69:
108:. Puritans embraced
53:New England Colonies
568:Rutman, Darrett B.
533:30 (1973): 189–222
343:on 12 February 2008
217:Rhode Island Colony
202:Plymouth Plantation
118:presbyterian system
450:Edwin S. Gaustad,
197:
83:
74:, England, whence
575:Thompson, Roger.
570:Winthrop's Boston
546:Dunn, Richard S.
519:Bailyn, Bernard.
258:English Civil War
151:English Civil War
106:Church of England
16:(Redirected from
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365:American History
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339:. Archived from
335:Hopley, Claire.
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122:episcopal polity
72:Hingham, Norfolk
55:, starting with
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539:Cressy, David.
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475:Further reading
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434:John Winthrop,
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221:Anne Hutchinson
206:redeemer nation
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57:Plymouth Colony
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32:Great Migration
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581:online edition
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241:Jeshuat Israel
212:Roger Williams
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137:Winthrop Fleet
130:Dutch Republic
114:sabbatarianism
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370:. Retrieved
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345:. Retrieved
341:the original
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302:. Retrieved
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237:Inquisition
167:East Anglia
163:Westmorland
70:A sign for
590:Categories
347:5 December
270:References
225:antinomian
579:, (1994)
372:7 October
227:beliefs.
110:Calvinism
102:Charles I
78:left for
535:in JSTOR
505:in JSTOR
304:28 April
247:See also
76:Puritans
49:Puritans
572:(1965).
550:(1962).
543:(1987),
523:(1988)
513:(1991)
467:(1991).
454:(2005).
409:(2007).
233:Newport
229:Quakers
142:Arbella
98:James I
86:Context
51:to the
34:, see
96:King
374:2013
349:2008
306:2008
135:The
100:and
59:and
43:The
592::
556:.
438:,
391:.
321:,
289:^
395:.
376:.
351:.
308:.
38:.
20:)
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