353:. Although Senusret II's pyramid was built with a north chapel included, its real entry was hidden-away under the floor of a princess' tomb to the south-east. This was used for the burial rites of the king, but was too narrow for use during construction. Instead, a larger 16 m (52 ft) deep construction shaft found further south was used for transporting the sarcophagus and building material into the substructure. This was then reworked into a fake burial chamber in an attempt to deceive thieves attempting to enter the king's tomb.
357:
antechamber. Part way along, a second chamber is found in its west. The antechamber contained two passageways: one leads from the antechamber to the burial chamber directly west; the other, located in the south, leads around the chamber eventually entering it from the north. The winding passage may have served a symbolic purpose, allowing the king's spirit to leave the chamber towards the north. The burial chamber and labyrinth of passageways were shifted south-east of the vertical axis of the pyramid, another deviation from the standard.
26:
214:
221:
1045:
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explains that the decision had been made for a combination of religious reasons, and to thwart grave robbers. The builders had even constructed the usual small chapel on the north face, which typically concealed the entrance. Petrie did eventually find the entrance, after many months and multiple
360:
The burial chamber is oriented on the east–west axis, has a vaulted ceiling made from granite blocks, and a red granite sarcophagus near its west wall. Despite the precautions taken, the burial chamber was found looted of most of its contents by Petrie. An alabaster offering table inscribed with
356:
The base of the construction shaft opens up into a vaulted horizontal corridor. The corridor runs north to a vaulted room, containing the real entry shaft and a second unexplored shaft that has been flooded by ground water. The corridor then continues north with a slight incline leading to the
341:, which topped the pyramid, have been found. The pyramid was protected from flooding by a trench surrounding the perimeter of the pyramid and filled with sand to absorb rainwater. Around this trench, a stone perimeter wall was built and decorated with deep niches.
304:
and the architect J. E. Knudstad has been working at the site of the pyramid town and pyramid since 1989. Their goal is to expand on Petrie's work by re-gathering architectural details of the monuments there, which Petrie had neglected to record in his reports.
329:. The builders utilized a rock outcropping to anchor the pyramid and reduce construction time and cost. The completed pyramid was originally encased in white limestone, though an inscription found by Petrie indicates that the casing was removed in the
292:
pyramids – and had instead built a narrow, vertical entrance shaft under a princess' tomb located about a dozen yards off to east of the southern pyramid face. The Czech
Egyptologist
280:
conducted the first comprehensive excavations there. Petrie spent several unsuccessful months searching for the entrance into the pyramid on the north face of the pyramid.
1987:
1254:
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Most pyramids have a substructure entry somewhere on their north face. This had been the traditional entry point since Djoser built his step pyramid in the
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1946:
375:
45:
213:
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89:
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Proposed dates for
Senusret II's reign: c. 1900–1880 BCE, c. 1897–1878 BCE, c. 1897–1877 BCE, c. 1895–1878 BCE, c. 1877–1870 BCE.
138:
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Senusret II's name, a gold uraeus, and leg bones, believed to belong to the king, are all that remained of the burial.
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had, however, taken a complete departure from the usual practice of having a corridor on the north side – typical of
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visited the pyramid in the 1840s and conducted a brief archaeological survey of the site. Fifty years later,
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On 28 June 2019, the pyramid was opened to visitors for the first time since its discovery.
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25:
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919:
Simpson, William Kelly (2001). "Twelfth
Dynasty". In Redford, Donald B. (ed.).
1961:
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338:
60:
47:
1339:
326:
984:
British School of
Archaeology in Egypt and Bernard Quaritch, London 1923 (
941:
The
Pyramids: The Mystery, Culture and Science of Egypt's Great Monuments
322:
254:
173:
1726:
1714:
1796:
1637:
1223:
980:
William
Matthew Flinders Petrie, Guy Brunton, Margaret Alice Murray:
856:
Hölzl, Christian (1999). "Lahun, pyramid complex of
Senusret II". In
991:
1951:
403:
A staple feature of pyramid complexes since
Djedkare-Isesi in the
995:
815:
Frey, Rosa A. (2001). "Illahun". In
Redford, Donald B. (ed.).
608:
606:
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841:. Translated by Ian Shaw. Oxford: Blackwell publishing.
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923:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 453–457.
819:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 150–151.
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638:"Egyptian 4,000-year-old pyramid opened to visitors"
81:
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257:is the pyramid complex constructed for the pharaoh
199:
189:
179:
169:
159:
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39:
32:
18:
921:The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, Volume 3
817:The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, Volume 2
778:The Encyclopaedia of Ancient Egyptian Architecture
864:. London; New York: Routledge. pp. 516–517.
862:Encyclopedia of the archaeology of ancient Egypt
183:48.65 m (159.6 ft; 92.84 cu) or
1255:Unfinished Northern Pyramid of Zawyet el'Aryan
220:
1007:
321:The core of the pyramid was constructed from
8:
798:The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt
549:
333:for reuse in a different structure built by
300:A small team headed by N. B. Millet of the
1909:
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193:107 m (351 ft; 204 cu) or
1988:Pyramids of the Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt
376:Egyptian pyramid construction techniques
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185:47.6 m (156 ft; 90.8 cu)
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337:. Only remnants of the black granite
195:106 m (348 ft; 202 cu)
7:
1044:
971:Illahun, Kahun and Gurob. 1889–1890.
796:Dodson, Aidan; Hilton, Dyan (2004).
597:
525:
904:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
901:The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt
781:. London: I.B Tauris & Co Ltd.
14:
883:. New York: Thames & Hudson.
1043:
325:around a stump of four steps of
219:
212:
967:William Matthew Flinders Petrie
800:. London: Thames & Hudson.
644:. 29 June 2019. Archived from
1:
2004:
938:Verner, Miroslav (2001e).
839:A History of Ancient Egypt
1937:
1057:
1034:List of Egyptian pyramids
1029:
944:. New York: Grove Press.
371:List of Egyptian pyramids
207:
23:
550:Dodson & Hilton 2004
1947:Construction techniques
898:Shaw, Ian, ed. (2004).
775:Arnold, Dieter (2003).
269:Location and excavation
1862:Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef
1708:Southern South Saqqara
240:pyramid of Senusret II
19:Pyramid of Senusret II
1486:1 Intermediate Period
881:The Complete Pyramids
879:Lehner, Mark (2008).
228:Location within Egypt
302:Royal Ontario Museum
274:Karl Richard Lepsius
1829:Second Intermediate
1277:Mastabet el-Fara'un
973:Nutt, London 1891 (
745:, pp. 175–176.
733:, pp. 412–413.
615:, pp. 409–410.
57: /
1872:Senakhtenre Ahmose
961:Excavation reports
331:Nineteenth Dynasty
1975:
1974:
1933:
1932:
1893:
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1867:Nubkheperre Intef
1823:
1822:
1556:
1555:
1480:
1479:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1023:Egyptian pyramids
951:978-0-8021-1703-8
930:978-0-19-510234-5
911:978-0-19-815034-3
890:978-0-500-28547-3
871:978-0-203-98283-9
848:978-0-631-19396-8
826:978-0-19-510234-5
807:978-0-500-05128-3
788:978-1-86064-465-8
648:on June 29, 2019.
297:failed attempts.
236:
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154:"Senusret shines"
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61:29.233°N 30.967°E
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1364:Neferhetepes
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317:Main pyramid
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247:Kha Senusret
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77:Ancient name
1899:New Kingdom
1795: [
1753: [
1739: [
1725: [
1697:Ameny Qemau
1660: [
1647: [
1620:Senusret II
1603:Amenemhat I
1381:Neferirkare
1367: [
1271:Khentkaus I
1186: [
1155:Elephantine
1098:Old Kingdom
743:Lehner 2008
719:Lehner 2008
586:Grimal 1992
574:Arnold 2003
562:Lehner 2008
494:Lehner 2008
335:Ramesses II
286:Old Kingdom
282:Senusret II
259:Senusret II
160:Constructed
148:Ḫˁ Sn-wsr-t
64: /
40:Coordinates
34:Senusret II
1962:Pyramidion
1644:Neferuptah
1608:Senusret I
1397:Unfinished
1162:Edfu South
428:Hölzl 1999
415:References
339:pyramidion
288:and early
1472:Sesheshet
1391:Neferefre
1340:Lepsius L
1141:Lepsius I
982:Lahun II.
598:Shaw 2004
526:Frey 2001
1982:Category
1702:Khendjer
1548:Merikare
1423:Headless
1403:Nyuserre
1266:Menkaure
1249:Djedefre
1148:Athribis
1080:Pyramids
837:(1992).
365:See also
323:mudbrick
255:El Lahun
249:meaning
174:Mudbrick
170:Material
1722:SAK S 7
1715:SAK S 3
1467:Pepi II
1462:Merenre
1359:Userkaf
1169:el-Kula
1072:Dynasty
1049:Commons
1038:Lepsius
1036: (
860:(ed.).
768:Sources
261:in the
52:30°58′E
49:29°14′N
1922:Ahmose
1882:Kamose
1792:DAS 53
1785:DAS 51
1778:DAS 50
1771:DAS 49
1764:DAS 46
1638:Hawara
1457:Pepi I
1416:Double
1376:Sahure
1261:Khafre
1224:Meidum
1176:Naqada
1127:Buried
1121:Djoser
1063:Period
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642:Xinhua
203:42°35'
180:Height
1957:Texts
1952:Seked
1914:XVIII
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1631:Black
1614:White
1371:]
1244:Khufu
1217:Seila
1197:Sinki
1190:]
1134:Layer
382:Notes
253:) at
200:Slope
1844:XVII
1810:S 10
1689:XIII
1530:Khui
1504:VIII
1452:Teti
1434:Unas
1333:G3-c
1326:G3-b
1319:G3-a
1312:G2-a
1305:G1-d
1298:G1-c
1291:G1-b
1284:G1-a
1231:Bent
946:ISBN
925:ISBN
906:ISBN
885:ISBN
866:ISBN
843:ISBN
821:ISBN
802:ISBN
783:ISBN
242:(in
238:The
190:Base
1805:S 9
1595:XII
1525:Ibi
1515:Ity
1238:Red
1113:III
1984::
1797:de
1755:de
1741:de
1727:de
1662:de
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1577:XI
1444:VI
1369:de
1208:IV
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