616:- The total number of PCI Express peripheral boards will depend on the number of PCIe links provided by the CPU board. For example, if the CPU board provides four x1 PCIe links, then a maximum of four x1 PCIe peripheral cards may be installed. If one or more of the peripheral boards provide PCIe link repopulation, additional modules may be installed. PCIe links on the upper side of the CPU board are independent from the links on the underside. Installing a PCIe peripheral under the CPU board will not consume one of the top side links. The quantity and width of PCIe links available may vary between the top and bottom connectors of the CPU board.
661:- The standard spacing between stacked PC/104 boards is 0.600 inches (15.24 mm). Components with significant power consumption (CPUs, GPUs, FPGAs) often require a larger heatsink which does not fit within the traditional board spacing. It is not uncommon to find PC/104 CPU boards with relatively large heatsinks that do not allow for peripheral boards to be stacked above it. Later revisions of the PCI/104-Express and PCIe/104 specification introduced an optional taller 0.866 inch (22.00 mm) connector that is compatible with the traditional height connector.
804:(SSD) devices. These are often more popular than mechanical (rotating) hard drives. Compared to rotating disks, flash-based storage devices have limited lifetimes in terms of write cycles, but they are faster and draw less power. Additionally, their compactness and physical durability is often better-suited to rugged PC/104 applications; the size of magnetic hard drives can be cumbersome and their many delicate parts are more susceptible to failure in harsh environments.
481:
introduced prior to 2011 will be either Type 1 or
Universal, but may not be explicitly labeled as such. A Type 1 bus is incompatible with Type 2 peripherals, or vice versa. The specification requires the system to remain in reset and not boot in the case of a Type mismatch (no physical damage will occur). Universal peripheral boards may be used with either Type 1 or Type 2 pinouts.
682: – the PC/104 specification defines two keying pins to prevent misalignment of the connector. These pins are not to be populated on the connector. However, some vendors do not utilize keyed PC/104 connectors. The may cause issues when using boards from multiple vendors. It is often possible to modify the non-keyed board by clipping the offending pins.
38:
655:- The PC/104 specifications limit the height of components and connectors that may be placed on either side of the board. A constrained height region is intended to guarantee that boards will not interfere with other neighbors stacked above or below. However, it is not uncommon to find boards which violate these constraints.
275:
the PC/104 stackable expansion buses on a number of different form factors. While most commercially available products using the Bus
Structures will comply with the Form Factors listed below, it is possible for a non-standard or proprietary form factor to incorporate one of the PC/104 Bus Structures for expandability.
543:
PCBs which extended into the I/O connector area. The extended PCB "wings" is not addressed in the specification, generally does not cause mechanical issues as long as the overall PCB + I/O connector overhang is within the maximum allowable dimensions of 4.550 × 4.393 inches (116 × 112 mm).
622:- The PCI/104-Express and PCIe/104 Specification provides signals for USB and SATA, which may be used by peripheral boards in the stack. Peripheral which use USB and SATA will be limited to the number of links provided by the CPU board. USB peripherals may provide link repopulation by incorporating an onboard
78:) in the original PC/104 specification and has been retained in subsequent revisions, despite changes to connectors. PC/104 is intended for specialized environments where a small, rugged computer system is required. The standard is modular, and allows consumers to stack together boards from a variety of
665:
The mechanical interference issues listed above can often be addressed with a Bus Spacer, which allows additional room between the boards. However, Bus
Spacers increase overall stack height, and may not be suitable for space-constrained applications. It may also be possible to re-arrange the boards
508:
peripherals. Some peripheral boards re-populate the PCIe links, which allows the stack to have additional peripheral boards beyond the initial set of PCI Express links provided by CPU board. Link repopulation is not a requirement in the specification, and must be implemented on the peripheral board
542:
The 104 Form Factor is defined to be 3.550 × 3.775 inches (90 × 96 mm), with mounting holes at all four corners of the board. The specifications also allow for a 0.5 inches (13 mm) area beyond the edge of the PCB for I/O connectors. Some PC/104 products have oversized
274:
The specifications released by the PC/104 Consortium define multiple of Bus
Structures (ISA, PCI, PCI Express) and Form Factors (104, EBX, EPIC). Bus Structure defines the location and pinout of the bus connector(s). Form Factor refers to size and shape of the board. It is possible to find one of
747:
From a software development perspective, there is little difference between compiling software for a desktop PC or compiling for an x86 PC/104 stack. Software can be developed using standard x86 compilers (e.g. Visual Studio if the PC/104 system is running
Windows). There is typically no need for
484:
Because the PCIe bus connector is surface-mount, not through-hole, it is also possible for a board to use different bus pinouts on the top side of the board vs the bottom side. For example, a CPU board may have a Type 1 bottom PCIe connector and a Type 2 top PCIe connector. Such a CPU board would
307:
requirements. The PC/104 specification defines two versions of the bus, 8-bit or 16-bit. The 8-bit version corresponds to the IBM XT and consists of 64 pins. The 16-bit version corresponds to the IBM AT and adds 40 additional pins, bringing the total to 104 (hence the name "PC/104"). The signals
447:
bus (PCIe) in addition to the previous-generation PCI bus. The specification defines a 156-pin surface mount connector for the PCI Express signals. The new connector occupies the same board location as the legacy PC/104 ISA connector. In addition to PCI Express, the specifications also defines
397:
on the peripheral board. Each PCI peripheral board in the system must have the PCI Slot Number set to a unique value. Failure to do so may cause erratic system behavior. The peripheral closest to the CPU should be set for the first slot, the next board should be set for the second slot, etc.
480:
CPU boards and peripherals may be designed as Type 1, Type 2, or
Universal (which only uses the common subset of signals between the two types, PCIe x1 and/or USB 2.0). The Type 2 pinout was not introduced until Version 2.0 of the specification (released in 2011). PCI/104-Express products
712: – the legacy ISA bus has been omitted from modern chipsets. Newer CPU boards that provide an ISA bus often do so by utilizing an ISA bridge chip (either PCI-to-ISA or LPC-to-ISA). In some cases, the ISA bus is not fully implemented, and compatibility issues may appear.
406:
The PCI-104 form factor includes the PCI connector, but not the PC/104 connector, in order to increase the available board real estate. Even though the PCI connector has 120 pins instead of 104, the established name was kept. The PCI connector location and pinout is identical to
278:
Note the term "PC/104" is often used interchangeably to refer to either the Bus
Structure or Form Factor. This can be a source of confusion. For example, a product datasheet may refer to a board as "PC/104" due to its size and shape when it in fact has a PCI-104 expansion bus.
179:
PC/104-related specifications are controlled by the PC/104 Consortium. There are currently 47 members of the
Consortium. All specifications published by the Consortium are freely available. Membership in the Consortium is not required to design and manufacture a PC/104 board.
120:
controller. A wide array of peripheral boards are available from various vendors. Users may design a stack that incorporates boards from multiple vendors. The overall height, weight, and power consumption of the stack can vary depending on the number of boards that are used.
688: – the PC/104 buses provide for several supply voltages (+5V, +3.3V, +12V, etc.). Which voltages are actually used by a board is at the discretion of the board manufacturer. Care must be taken to supply all of the voltages required for the boards in the stack.
546:
The dimensions were originally defined in the PC/104 Specification, and as a result the form factor is still commonly referred to as "PC/104". The PCI/104-Express and PCIe/104 Specification introduced the "104" name to distinguish the form factor from the legacy PC/104 bus.
574:(Embedded Platform for Industrial Computing) is a single-board computer form factor which, like EBX, supports PC/104 peripheral boards but is smaller than EBX at 6.5 × 4.5 in (165 × 114 mm). It allows I/O connections to be implemented as either
101:. The stackable bus connectors and use of standoffs provides a more rugged mounting than slot boards found in desktop PCs. The compact board size further contributes to the ruggedness of the form factor by reducing the possibility of PCB flexing under shock and vibration.
599:- There is no strict limit to the number of ISA boards which can coexist in one system. However, there is a limited number of Base Addresses, IRQs, and DMA channels which may become a limiting factor. ISA boards may be stacked on either side of the CPU board.
609:
and PCI-104 specifications allows for four PCI "slots". This imposes a hard limit of four PCI peripheral boards per system. All PCI peripheral modules must connect consecutively on one side of the controller due to the signaling requirements of the PCI
674:
In theory, PC/104 boards are interoperable. It is possible to assemble a system using boards from several different vendors, subject to the fundamental Bus
Structure compatibility issues listed above. However, compatibility issues sometimes appear.
496:
peripheral modules. However, a PCI/104-Express peripheral module will communicate on the PCIe bus only; the PCI connector is simply a pass-through connector for stackability. A PC/104-Express peripheral module may not be used with a PCI-104 or
578:
or PC-style ("real world") connectors. The standard provides specific I/O zones to implement functions such as
Ethernet, serial ports, digital and analog I/O, video, wireless, and various application-specific interfaces. EPIC Express adds
722:
and PCI-104 specifications did not originally allow for 4 sets of Grant/Request pairs on the PCI bus. This was resolved in newer revisions of the specification. However, older boards may have issue using DMA in the 3rd or 4th PCI slot
591:
In general, every PC/104 stack will contain a CPU board, power supply board, and one or more peripheral boards. The maximum number of boards supported by a PC/104 stack will depend on which buses are used by the peripheral boards.
736:, and are capable of running commercially available off-the-shelf PC software without modification. The standard PC I/O interfaces of a PC/104 system (Serial Ports, USB, Ethernet, VGA, etc.) are typically supported via the native
384:
is based on PCI, there is no need to set a Base Address, IRQ, or DMA channel on the peripheral boards. However, it is necessary to specify the PCI Slot Number of a peripheral board when it is installed. This is commonly set by a
666:
in the stack to remove the interference. Another option is to modify the offending boards to remove the interference (e.g. depopulate a connector), but this may require the vendor to supply a customized version of the board.
97:, PC/104 boards are stacked on top of each other like building blocks. The PC/104 specification defines four mounting holes at the corners of each module, which allow the boards to be fastened to each other using
783:
When printing "PC/104" or its variants, it is common for the forward slash or dashes to be omitted. PC/104 may be abbreviated as PC104, PCI-104 abbreviated as PCI104, etc. Additionally, it is common for
521:
and PCI-104). The PCI Express connector location and pinout options the same as PCI/104-Express (both Type 1 and Type 2). Because the PCI bus connector is omitted, a PCIe/104 board is incompatible with
706: – the VIO signal on the PCI bus is supposed to be driven by the CPU board. However, some peripheral boards and power supplies drive this signal (in violation of the PCI specification).
788:
to be abbreviated with a plus sign (e.g. PC104+). Such abbreviations are not officially recognized in any PC/104 Consortium specifications or literature, however they have been in use for some time.
534:
The PC/104 Consortium's specifications cover three form factors which define the size and shape of the board. Each form factor may utilize one of the Bus Structures listed above.
645:- When assembling a system composed of multiple Bus Structures, it is possible for the bus connectors to interfere with components on an adjacent board. For example, if a PC/104-
369:
peripheral modules, the PC/104 connector is simply a passive connector for stackability; the module actively communicates on the PCI bus only. As a corollary, a PC/104-
517:
PCIe/104 is similar to the PCI/104-Express standard, but omits the legacy PCI bus to increase available space on the board (similar to the relationship between PC/104-
555:
EBX (Embedded Board eXpandable) is a single board computer form factor, 5.75 × 8 in (146 × 203 mm). The EBX form factor applies to the
1173:
630:
Regardless of the buses used, the maximum number of boards of a PC/104 stack may be limited due to size, weight, and power restrictions for the target application.
492:, a PCI/104-Express CPU boards will provide active communication on both PCI and PCIe buses. A PC/104-Express CPU board may be used with PCI-104 and PC/104-
287:
The PC/104 Consortium specifications define a variety a computer buses, all of which derive from the ISA, PCI, and PCI Express buses found in a desktop PC.
1343:
168:
standard corresponding to PC/104 was drafted as IEEE P996.1, but never ratified. In 1997, the PC/104 Consortium introduced a newer standard based on the
700: – the PCI bus may operate at +3.3V or +5V signaling levels. Some boards may expect one voltage, others may expect a different voltage.
649:
board is stacked on top of a PC/104 board, it is possible for the pins on the underside of the PCI connector to run into components on the lower board.
144:. A x86 PC/104 system is usually capable of standard PC operating system such as DOS, Windows, or Linux. However, it is also quite common to use a
124:
PC/104 is sometimes referred to as a "stackable PC", as most of the architecture derives from the desktop PC. The majority of PC/104 CPU boards are
1568:
760:. This is a significant departure from non-x86 embedded system platforms, which often require a development toolchain from the board manufacturer.
358:
a PCI connector. The standard defines a 120-pin connector for the PCI bus, located on the opposite side of the board from the PC/104 connector.
504:
PCI/104-Express incorporates link shifting, which eliminates the need for the PCI slot selection switches/jumpers found on PCI-104 and PC/104-
865:
1123:
365:
CPU boards provide active communication on both buses, and are capable of communicating with both ISA and PCI peripheral cards. On PC/104-
485:
be compatible with Type 1 and/or Universal peripherals on the bottom, and compatible with Type 2 and/or Universal peripherals on the top.
1166:
694: – some boards will provide power on the stack (e.g. a CPU board). This may conflict with a power supply in the stack.
30:
This article is about the embedded computer standard. For the keyboard layout that Linux/Unix documentation referred to as pc104, see
1590:
941:
347:
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on the peripheral board. Failure to configure the peripheral correctly can cause a resource conflict and lead to erratic behavior.
241:
169:
559:, but supports PC/104 form factor peripheral boards for expansion. The original EBX specifications allowed for the PC/104, PC/104-
299:. It includes all the signals found on the ISA bus, with additional ground pins added to ensure bus integrity. Signal timing and
848:
771:
are also commercially available. However, such boards are not capable of running off-the-shelf PC software. In these cases, a
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296:
206:
75:
1352:
414:
Since the ISA bus is omitted, a PCI-104 board is incompatible with PC/104 peripheral module. However, PCI-104 and PC/104-
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931:
909:
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offers four x1 PCI Express links, two USB 2.0 ports, two PCIe x4 links, two USB 3.0 ports, two SATA ports, and LPC.
145:
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at 3.550 × 3.775 inches (90 × 96 mm). Unlike other popular computer form factors such as
1600:
113:
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79:
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marked J1/P1 are found on both versions, while the signals of J2/P2 are found only on the 16-bit version.
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772:
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42:
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350:, in addition to the ISA bus of the PC/104 standard. The name is derived from its origin: a PC/104-
320:
98:
63:
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When stacking PC/104 boards together, mechanical interference between adjacent boards is a concern.
757:
1437:
571:
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The PCI/104-Express specification currently defines two possible pinouts for the PCIe connector:
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31:
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boards can be manufactured as PCI-104 by simply not populating the PC/104 connector.
386:
796:
PC/104 systems often require small, non-volatile storage, such as that afforded by
312:
117:
910:"PC/104 Consortium technical update: Stackable PCs from ISA to PCI to PCI Express"
323:
when installing a peripheral board. This is usually accomplished via the use of
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1461:
1258:
580:
444:
258:
173:
129:
86:
775:
is usually provided by the manufacturer for the supported operating system(s).
563:, and PCI-104 buses. EBX Express adds the PCI-104/Express and PCIe/104 buses.
160:
The PC/104 bus and form factor was originally devised by Ampro in 1987 (led by
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823:
575:
453:
390:
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peripheral module may not be used with a PC/104 CPU board. However, a PC/104-
328:
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164:
Rick Lehrbaum), and later standardized by the PC/104 Consortium in 1992. An
105:
94:
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offers four x1 PCI Express links, two USB 2.0 ports, and one x16 PCIe link.
104:
A typical PC/104 system (commonly referred to as a "stack") will include a
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936:(2nd ed.). India: Segment B.V. / Elektor Electronics. p. 407.
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Since PC/104 is based on the ISA bus, it is often necessary to set the
300:
149:
17:
85:
The original PC/104 form factor is somewhat smaller than a desktop PC
1536:
1103:
813:
740:
built into the operating system. Certain peripheral boards, such as
425:
PCI-104 utilizes the same PCI Slot Number selection scheme as PC/104-
448:
pins on the connector for additional modern computer buses, such as
1053:
1026:"PC/104 Embedded Consortium Approves PCI/104-Express Specification"
108:, power supply board, and one or more peripheral boards, such as a
828:
526:
and PCI-104 systems (unless a PCIe-to-PCI bridge device is used).
418:
are compatible, since they both utilize the PCI bus. Most PC/104-
74:. Its name derives from the 104 pins on the interboard connector (
36:
1283:
1242:
1226:
165:
1155:
1485:
1275:
818:
733:
449:
141:
133:
125:
90:
1076:"PCI/104-Express & PCIe/104 Specification, Version 3.0"
744:
may require special drivers from the board manufacturer.
429:. Each device must be assigned to a unique slot number.
377:
CPU board may be used with a PC/104 peripheral module.
82:
manufacturers to produce a customized embedded system.
933:
Visual Basic for Electronics Engineering Applications
1146:
1427:
1342:
1253:
1200:
443:The PCI/104-Express specification incorporates the
890:"Why PC/104? The Need for an Embedded-PC Standard"
501:CPU board (unless an ISA bridge device is used).
303:levels are identical to the ISA bus, with lower
985:"Open standard defines tiny expansion modules"
1167:
1124:"Example of non-standard PC/104 abbreviation"
8:
128:and include standard PC interfaces such as
1174:
1160:
1152:
295:The original PC/104 bus derives from the
1569:Small Form Factor Special Interest Group
1046:"PC/104 Consortium Membership Directory"
182:
176:-based standard was introduced in 2008.
839:
748:specialized development tools, such as
32:IBM PC keyboard § Keyboard layouts
964:"PC/104 Embedded Consortium's History"
732:The majority of PC/104 CPU boards are
634:Mechanical interference between boards
779:Spelling variations and abbreviations
653:Out of Spec Components and Connectors
7:
354:module has a PC/104 connector (ISA)
849:"PC/104: The Embedded PC Mezzanine"
763:Non-x86 PC/104 CPU boards based on
270:Bus structure vis-à-vis form factor
509:with a PCI Express packet switch.
25:
93:, which rely on a motherboard or
983:Angel, Jonathan (2010-02-01).
718: – the PC/104-
686:Required Power Supply Voltages
670:Potential compatibility issues
346:standard adds support for the
1:
1006:"PC/104 Consortium - History"
251:PCI/104-Express and PCIe/104
866:"PC104.com - What is PC104?"
710:ISA Bus with modern chipsets
156:History and standardization
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436:
146:real-time operating system
29:
1563:
1189:
1591:Motherboard form factors
27:Computer standard family
930:Himpe, Vincent (2006).
692:Power Supply Contention
754:Board Support Packages
45:
1183:Computer form factors
773:Board Support Package
567:EPIC and EPIC Express
43:single-board computer
40:
728:Software development
698:PCI Signaling Levels
1104:"What is PCIe/104?"
1085:. February 17, 2015
551:EBX and EBX Express
987:. LinuxDevices.com
680:PC/104 Keying Pins
488:Similar to PC/104-
192:Bus Communication
62:which define both
46:
1578:
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1344:Small form factor
1147:PC/104 Consortium
847:Burckle, Robert.
267:
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72:PC/104 Consortium
57:embedded computer
55:) is a family of
16:(Redirected from
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1601:Embedded systems
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1052:. Archived from
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802:solid state disk
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195:Current Version
189:Initial Release
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110:data acquisition
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1056:on June 2, 2013
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587:Stacking limits
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758:JTAG debuggers
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643:Bus Connectors
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186:Specification
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126:x86 compatible
68:computer buses
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870:www.pc104.com
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716:4 Bus Masters
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605:- The PC/104-
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538:104 or PC/104
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387:rotary switch
383:
380:Since PC/104-
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116:receiver, or
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1127:. Retrieved
1118:
1107:. Retrieved
1098:
1087:. Retrieved
1082:
1070:
1058:. Retrieved
1054:the original
1049:
1040:
1029:. Retrieved
1020:
1009:. Retrieved
1000:
989:. Retrieved
978:
967:. Retrieved
958:
947:. Retrieved
932:
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913:. Retrieved
904:
893:. Retrieved
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873:. Retrieved
869:
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762:
746:
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709:
704:PCI VIO Line
703:
697:
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673:
664:
658:
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642:
637:
629:
620:USB and SATA
619:
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530:Form factors
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381:
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343:
341:
336:
329:DIP switches
313:base address
310:
294:
286:
277:
273:
218:
209:(AT and XT)
178:
159:
130:Serial Ports
123:
118:Wireless LAN
103:
84:
64:form factors
52:
48:
47:
1553:CoreExpress
1462:COM Express
1259:Workstation
1129:8 September
1060:4 September
915:4 September
614:PCI Express
581:PCI Express
576:pin headers
445:PCI Express
342:The PC/104-
321:DMA channel
259:PCI Express
227:ISA and PCI
174:PCI Express
87:motherboard
1585:Categories
1545:mobile-ITX
1470:ESMexpress
1191:Listed by
1109:2014-08-08
1089:2016-11-02
1031:2014-08-14
1011:2014-08-14
991:2014-03-18
969:2008-01-29
949:2008-01-29
895:2008-01-29
875:2021-05-19
835:References
824:CompactPCI
391:DIP switch
148:, such as
41:A PCI-104
1496:(102×102)
1456:(120×120)
1440:(165×115)
1419:(140×147)
1411:(150×150)
1403:(170×170)
1395:(203×170)
1387:(264×267)
1379:(203×244)
1371:(229×191)
1363:(244×244)
1355:(254×228)
1334:(367×244)
1332:Ultra ATX
1326:(305x267)
1318:(330×229)
1310:(325×267)
1302:(356×425)
1294:(330×216)
1286:(305×330)
1278:(305×244)
1270:(351×305)
1245:(419×330)
1237:(356×425)
1229:(345×381)
1221:(305×330)
1213:(411×330)
1195:size (mm)
1083:pc104.org
1050:pc104.org
723:position.
659:Heatsinks
557:CPU board
106:CPU board
99:standoffs
95:backplane
60:standards
1504:(100×72)
1502:Pico-ITX
1488:(114×95)
1480:(114×95)
1472:(125×95)
1464:(125×95)
1454:Nano-ITX
1448:(149×71)
1429:Embedded
1417:Mini-STX
1409:Mini ATX
1401:Mini-ITX
1393:Mini-DTX
1385:microBTX
1361:microATX
808:See also
513:PCIe/104
257:PCI and
235:PCI-104
138:Ethernet
112:module,
1555:(58×65)
1547:(60×60)
1539:(70×70)
1531:(82×80)
1523:(95×55)
1515:(96×90)
1512:(-Plus)
1510:PC/104
1369:FlexATX
1324:SSI CEB
1292:Baby-AT
1255:Desktop
1219:SSI EEB
1211:SSI MEB
1202:Servers
792:Storage
784:PC/104-
769:PowerPC
738:drivers
624:USB hub
603:PCI Bus
597:ISA Bus
522:PC/104-
497:PC/104-
407:PC/104-
402:PCI-104
395:jumpers
361:PC/104-
348:PCI bus
335:PC/104-
325:jumpers
305:current
301:voltage
297:ISA bus
217:PC/104-
200:PC/104
170:PCI bus
150:VxWorks
70:by the
18:PCI-104
1537:Qseven
1521:ESMini
940:
814:VMEbus
474:Type 2
468:Type 1
456:, and
319:, and
291:PC/104
140:, and
49:PC/104
1529:SMARC
1079:(PDF)
852:(PDF)
829:SUMIT
756:, or
393:, or
254:2008
238:2003
223:1997
203:1992
172:. A
53:PC104
1243:SWTX
1227:HPTX
1131:2014
1062:2014
938:ISBN
917:2014
800:and
786:Plus
720:Plus
647:Plus
610:bus.
607:Plus
572:EPIC
561:Plus
524:Plus
519:Plus
506:Plus
499:Plus
494:Plus
490:Plus
454:SATA
427:Plus
420:Plus
416:Plus
409:Plus
382:Plus
375:Plus
371:Plus
367:Plus
363:Plus
356:plus
352:Plus
344:Plus
337:Plus
263:3.0
246:1.1
219:Plus
212:2.6
166:IEEE
80:COTS
66:and
51:(or
1494:NUC
1486:XTX
1478:ETX
1446:ESM
1377:DTX
1353:NLX
1316:LPX
1308:BTX
1300:WTX
1276:ATX
1235:WTX
1193:PCB
819:VPX
767:or
765:ARM
458:LPC
450:USB
327:or
317:IRQ
242:PCI
207:ISA
162:CTO
142:VGA
134:USB
114:GPS
91:ATX
76:ISA
1587::
1268:AT
1081:.
1048:.
868:.
752:,
460:.
452:,
411:.
389:,
315:,
152:.
136:,
132:,
1257:/
1175:e
1168:t
1161:v
1133:.
1112:.
1092:.
1064:.
1034:.
1014:.
994:.
972:.
952:.
919:.
898:.
878:.
854:.
626:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
