446:
423:
2781:
2796:
1450:
320:
345:
2601:
704:
2616:
2736:
711:
2721:
2691:
2706:
2676:
2766:
2751:
2661:
2646:
2631:
697:
2586:
452:
351:
2571:
29:
2438:
Millar JK, Pickard BS, Mackie S, James R, Christie S, Buchanan SR, Malloy MP, Chubb JE, Huston E, Baillie GS, Thomson PA, Hill EV, Brandon NJ, Rain JC, Camargo LM, Whiting PJ, Houslay MD, Blackwood DH, Muir WJ, Porteous DJ (Nov 2005). "DISC1 and PDE4B are interacting genetic factors in schizophrenia
2484:
Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Yamashita R, Yamamoto J, Sekine M, Tsuritani K, Wakaguri H, Ishii S, Sugiyama T, Saito K, Isono Y, Irie R, Kushida N, Yoneyama T, Otsuka R, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Kondo H, Wagatsuma M, Murakawa K, Ishida S, Ishibashi T, Takahashi-Fujii A, Tanase T,
55:
2330:
Brandenberger R, Wei H, Zhang S, Lei S, Murage J, Fisk GJ, Li Y, Xu C, Fang R, Guegler K, Rao MS, Mandalam R, Lebkowski J, Stanton LW (Jun 2004). "Transcriptome characterization elucidates signaling networks that control human ES cell growth and differentiation".
1436:-associated and stress-related behaviours. It has also recently been found to modulate cognition, as reduction in PDE4B activity improves memory and long-term plasticity in mouse models, possibly supporting further therapeutic applications.
2780:
2795:
1942:"A low-Km, rolipram-sensitive, cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase from human brain. Cloning and expression of cDNA, biochemical characterization of recombinant protein, and tissue distribution of mRNA"
1975:
Obernolte R, Bhakta S, Alvarez R, Bach C, Zuppan P, Mulkins M, Jarnagin K, Shelton ER (Jul 1993). "The cDNA of a human lymphocyte cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase (PDE IV) reveals a multigene family".
1845:
Szpirer C, Szpirer J, Rivière M, Swinnen J, Vicini E, Conti M (1995). "Chromosomal localization of the human and rat genes (PDE4D and PDE4B) encoding the cAMP-specific phosphodiesterases 3 and 4".
2223:
Moon E, Lee R, Near R, Weintraub L, Wolda S, Lerner A (Feb 2002). "Inhibition of PDE3B augments PDE4 inhibitor-induced apoptosis in a subset of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia".
2182:"HIV-1 Tat protein down-regulates CREB transcription factor expression in PC12 neuronal cells through a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT/cyclic nucleoside phosphodiesterase pathway"
2600:
2090:
Ma D, Wu P, Egan RW, Billah MM, Wang P (Jan 1999). "Phosphodiesterase 4B gene transcription is activated by lipopolysaccharide and inhibited by interleukin-10 in human monocytes".
2615:
1718:
1396:(PDEs) regulate the cellular concentrations of cyclic nucleotides and thereby play a role in signal transduction. This gene encodes a protein that specifically hydrolyzes
2006:"A family of human phosphodiesterases homologous to the dunce learning and memory gene product of Drosophila melanogaster are potential targets for antidepressant drugs"
459:
358:
1874:
Bolger GB, Rodgers L, Riggs M (Nov 1994). "Differential CNS expression of alternative mRNA isoforms of the mammalian genes encoding cAMP-specific phosphodiesterases".
2735:
2720:
2690:
2705:
2675:
2765:
2750:
2660:
2645:
2630:
1903:
Milatovich A, Bolger G, Michaeli T, Francke U (Mar 1994). "Chromosome localizations of genes for five cAMP-specific phosphodiesterases in man and mouse".
2585:
1024:
1005:
281:
3029:
2487:"Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes"
3276:
2550:
1702:
1567:
1549:
3662:
3190:
2789:: Catalytic Domain Of Human Phosphodiesterase 4B In Complex With 1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
2804:: Catalytic Domain Of Human Phosphodiesterase 4B In Complex With 3,5-dimethyl-1-(3-nitro-phenyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
2570:
52:
3291:
3285:
3086:
2836:
1773:
Nazarian R, Weinberg JM (Nov 2009). "AN-2728, a PDE4 inhibitor for the potential topical treatment of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis".
1393:
445:
3134:
1491:, and as of 2024 is being commercialized by Pfizer under the name of Eucrisa (chemical name: 4-benzonitrile) mainly acting on PDE4B.
1303:
2289:"Regulation of T-cell activation by phosphodiesterase 4B2 requires its dynamic redistribution during immunological synapse formation"
1296:
3245:
3034:
1615:
422:
1590:
1722:
3352:
3240:
1536:
1515:
2129:"Pivotal role of cyclic nucleoside phosphodiesterase 4 in Tat-mediated CD4+ T cell hyperactivation and HIV type 1 replication"
3161:
3071:
3024:
1397:
1802:"A review of phosphodiesterase-inhibition and the potential role for phosphodiesterase 4-inhibitors in clinical dermatology"
1681:
1532:
2049:"Molecular cloning and transient expression in COS7 cells of a novel human PDE4B cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase, HSPDE4B3"
344:
319:
3583:
3524:
1511:
3628:
3195:
3185:
1749:
261:
3588:
3480:
3105:
458:
357:
2047:
Huston E, Lumb S, Russell A, Catterall C, Ross AH, Steele MR, Bolger GB, Perry MJ, Owens RJ, Houslay MD (Dec 1997).
3174:
3170:
3166:
3082:
2915:
2370:"The phosphodiesterase PDE4B limits cAMP-associated PI3K/AKT-dependent apoptosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma"
451:
350:
3436:
3382:
3342:
3301:
3205:
3044:
3012:
2898:
2862:
2543:
1743:
3090:
2939:
2853:
1605:
1069:
269:
2959:
2829:
2246:"Molecular cloning and subcellular distribution of the novel PDE4B4 cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase isoform"
2004:
Bolger G, Michaeli T, Martins T, St John T, Steiner B, Rodgers L, Riggs M, Wigler M, Ferguson K (Oct 1993).
1050:
3515:
3154:
2368:
Smith PG, Wang F, Wilkinson KN, Savage KJ, Klein U, Neuberg DS, Bollag G, Shipp MA, Aguiar RC (Jan 2005).
2244:
Shepherd M, McSorley T, Olsen AE, Johnston LA, Thomson NC, Baillie GS, Houslay MD, Bolger GB (Mar 2003).
1591:"Entrez Gene: PDE4B phosphodiesterase 4B, cAMP-specific (phosphodiesterase E4 dunce homolog, Drosophila)"
3450:
3347:
3139:
3100:
2964:
2886:
1376:(PDE) family. Cyclic nucleotides are important second messengers that regulate and mediate a number of
3633:
3468:
3463:
3396:
3056:
2881:
2536:
2448:
2140:
1256:
333:
248:
3488:
3458:
3262:
3257:
3181:
3117:
2903:
2287:
Arp J, Kirchhof MG, Baroja ML, Nazarian SH, Chau TA, Strathdee CA, Ball EH, Madrenas J (Nov 2003).
1248:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1202:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1157:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1260:
3621:
3473:
2954:
2944:
2822:
2472:
2356:
2211:
2115:
1928:
293:
1252:
1192:
1161:
703:
3422:
3367:
3335:
3210:
2929:
2609:: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF THE CATALYTIC DOMAIN OF PHOSPHODIESTERASE 4B2B COMPLEXED WITH 8-Br-AMP
2516:
2464:
2426:
2391:
2348:
2318:
2275:
2232:
2203:
2168:
2107:
2078:
2035:
1992:
1963:
1920:
1891:
1862:
1823:
1782:
1698:
1662:
1611:
1488:
1373:
710:
241:
45:
3498:
3078:
2983:
2978:
2934:
2506:
2498:
2456:
2416:
2381:
2340:
2308:
2300:
2265:
2257:
2193:
2158:
2148:
2099:
2068:
2060:
2025:
2017:
1984:
1953:
1912:
1883:
1854:
1813:
1690:
1652:
1644:
1417:
1389:
538:
469:
413:
368:
696:
289:
3600:
3414:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3233:
3228:
2988:
2866:
513:
2624:: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF THE CATALYTIC DOMAIN OF PHOSPHODIESTERASE 4B2B COMPLEXED WITH AMP
2180:
Zauli G, Milani D, Mirandola P, Mazzoni M, Secchiero P, Miscia S, Capitani S (Feb 2001).
2452:
2144:
2127:
Secchiero P, Zella D, Curreli S, Mirandola P, Capitani S, Gallo RC, Zauli G (Dec 2000).
1463:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
3573:
3568:
3563:
2949:
2924:
2920:
2893:
2876:
2511:
2486:
2270:
2245:
2073:
2048:
1657:
1632:
1425:
1377:
28:
2313:
2288:
2030:
2005:
1958:
1941:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
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884:
879:
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858:
853:
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828:
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782:
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772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
3656:
3314:
3223:
2973:
2304:
2163:
2128:
1988:
1887:
1421:
1413:
739:
2360:
2215:
2119:
1932:
1689:. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Vol. 204. Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
1372:
This gene is a member of the type IV, cyclic AMP (cAMP)-specific, cyclic nucleotide
3441:
3372:
3095:
3016:
2476:
531:
310:
1801:
1719:"Scientists researching brain disorders create super-clever mice | NewsDaily"
273:
1648:
297:
3616:
3387:
3281:
3144:
3110:
3048:
2814:
1572:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1554:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1480:
2744:: Catalytic Domain Of Human Phosphodiesterase 4B In Complex With (R,S)-Rolipram
2421:
2404:
2386:
2369:
2133:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
614:
3593:
1694:
430:
327:
277:
2729:: Catalytic Domain Of Human Phosphodiesterase 4B In Complex With (R)-Rolipram
2699:: Catalytic Domain Of Human Phosphodiesterase 4B In Complex With (R)-Mesopram
3506:
3305:
3218:
2845:
2714:: Catalytic Domain Of Human Phosphodiesterase 4B In Complex With Roflumilast
2684:: Catalytic Domain Of Human Phosphodiesterase 4B In Complex With Piclamilast
2460:
969:
674:
552:
497:
484:
396:
383:
285:
2774:: Catalytic Domain Of Human Phosphodiesterase 4B In Complex With Vardenafil
2759:: Catalytic Domain Of Human Phosphodiesterase 4B In Complex With Sildenafil
2669:: Catalytic Domain Of Human Phosphodiesterase 4B In Complex With Filaminast
2654:: Catalytic Domain Of Human Phosphodiesterase 4B In Complex With Cilomilast
2520:
2468:
2430:
2395:
2352:
2322:
2279:
2236:
2207:
2172:
2153:
2021:
1827:
1786:
1666:
2198:
2181:
2111:
2082:
2039:
1996:
1967:
1924:
1895:
1866:
1343:
1338:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3362:
2997:
2849:
1433:
1429:
1401:
1327:
1095:
2103:
1818:
3558:
3536:
3531:
3149:
2502:
2261:
1940:
McLaughlin MM, Cieslinski LB, Burman M, Torphy TJ, Livi GP (Mar 1993).
1916:
1381:
1081:
1036:
2064:
1858:
1487:-containing drug was approved by the FDA in 2016 for the treatment of
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
3578:
3511:
3404:
3002:
2910:
1359:
1311:
991:
2639:: Catalytic Domain Of Human Phosphodiesterase 4B In Complex With AMP
2403:
Ballif BA, Villén J, Beausoleil SA, Schwartz D, Gygi SP (Nov 2004).
2344:
3520:
3267:
2594:: Crystal structure of PDE4B2B complexed with Rolipram (R & S)
1484:
1385:
954:
950:
3252:
3129:
3122:
3066:
3061:
1400:. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different
1366:
265:
2818:
2532:
1633:"DISC1 at 10: connecting psychiatric genetics and neuroscience"
719:
2528:
1443:
2485:
Nagai K, Kikuchi H, Nakai K, Isogai T, Sugano S (Jan 2006).
1420:. PDE4B is believed to be the PDE4 subtype involved in the
1607:
1412:
Altered activity of this protein has been associated with
2405:"Phosphoproteomic analysis of the developing mouse brain"
875:
regulation of high voltage-gated calcium channel activity
521:
1631:
Porteous DJ, Millar JK, Brandon NJ, Sawa A (Dec 2011).
686:
3609:
3497:
3449:
3435:
3413:
3395:
3381:
3361:
3300:
3204:
3043:
3011:
2861:
1274:
1221:
1175:
1130:
915:
negative regulation of relaxation of cardiac muscle
2579:: CATALYTIC DOMAIN OF HUMAN PHOSPHODIESTERASE 4B2B
1528:
1526:
1524:
1507:
1505:
1503:
890:positive regulation of interferon-gamma production
758:3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity
3140:Fructose 6-P,2-kinase:fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase
1680:Francis, SH; Conti, M; Houslay, MD, eds. (2011).
468:
367:
1356:cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B
905:positive regulation of interleukin-2 production
16:Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
1533:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028525
2830:
2544:
885:regulation of cardiac muscle cell contraction
8:
1380:responses to extracellular signals, such as
940:G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
1512:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000184588
788:3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase activity
3446:
3392:
3378:
2837:
2823:
2815:
2551:
2537:
2529:
1218:
1172:
1127:
965:
735:
509:
408:
305:
63:
2510:
2420:
2385:
2312:
2269:
2197:
2162:
2152:
2072:
2029:
1957:
1817:
1656:
1610:. Springer Science & Business Media.
920:cellular response to epinephrine stimulus
1775:Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs
1585:
1583:
1581:
3030:Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1
2566:
1499:
900:cellular response to lipopolysaccharide
18:
3610:either deoxy- or ribo-
809:voltage-gated calcium channel complex
783:phosphoric diester hydrolase activity
473:
434:
429:
372:
331:
326:
252:, DPDE4, PDEIVB, phosphodiesterase 4B
7:
3191:Protein serine/threonine phosphatase
1394:cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases
3292:Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase
3286:Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin
3087:Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase
2409:Molecular & Cellular Proteomics
1946:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
1905:Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics
1800:Moustafa F, Feldman SR (May 2014).
653:medial head of gastrocnemius muscle
3135:Pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase
1683:Phosphodiesterases as Drug Targets
1271:
1105:
1086:
1060:
1041:
1015:
996:
691:
609:
547:
526:
14:
3035:4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA thioesterase
1362:that in humans is encoded by the
925:T cell receptor signaling pathway
778:transmembrane transporter binding
2794:
2779:
2764:
2749:
2734:
2719:
2704:
2689:
2674:
2659:
2644:
2629:
2614:
2599:
2584:
2569:
2305:10.1128/MCB.23.22.8042-8057.2003
1744:"Eucrisa (crisaborole) Ointment"
1604:Swerdlow, Neal R. (2010-08-19).
1448:
709:
702:
695:
575:inferior ganglion of vagus nerve
457:
450:
444:
421:
356:
349:
343:
318:
27:
3353:N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfatase
3241:Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase
2439:that regulate cAMP signaling".
3162:Inositol-phosphate phosphatase
3025:Palmitoyl protein thioesterase
2293:Molecular and Cellular Biology
2010:Molecular and Cellular Biology
1847:Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics
720:More reference expression data
675:More reference expression data
1:
3525:RNA-induced silencing complex
1959:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)53275-0
442:
341:
3629:Serratia marcescens nuclease
3196:Dual-specificity phosphatase
3186:Protein tyrosine phosphatase
1989:10.1016/0378-1119(93)90274-7
1888:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90155-4
1750:Food and Drug Administration
1649:10.1016/j.molmed.2011.09.002
1637:Trends in Molecular Medicine
3663:Genes on human chromosome 1
3106:Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase
1404:, have been characterized.
579:superior vestibular nucleus
3679:
2422:10.1074/mcp.M400085-MCP200
2387:10.1182/blood-2004-01-0240
3343:Galactosamine-6 sulfatase
2899:6-phosphogluconolactonase
2564:
1695:10.1007/978-3-642-17969-3
1568:"Mouse PubMed Reference:"
1550:"Human PubMed Reference:"
1457:This section needs to be
1342:
1337:
1333:
1326:
1310:
1304:Chr 4: 101.94 – 102.46 Mb
1291:
1278:
1245:
1214:
1199:
1154:
1123:
1112:
1108:
1093:
1089:
1080:
1067:
1063:
1048:
1044:
1035:
1022:
1018:
1003:
999:
990:
975:
968:
964:
948:
738:
734:
717:
694:
685:
672:
621:
612:
559:
550:
520:
512:
508:
491:
478:
441:
420:
411:
407:
390:
377:
340:
317:
308:
304:
259:
256:
246:
239:
234:
71:
66:
49:
44:
39:
35:
26:
21:
3091:Purple acid phosphatases
2225:Clinical Cancer Research
587:external globus pallidus
2461:10.1126/science.1112915
2250:The Biochemical Journal
2053:The Biochemical Journal
1432:. PDE4B is involved in
1297:Chr 1: 65.79 – 66.37 Mb
661:vastus lateralis muscle
3516:Microprocessor complex
3155:Beta-propeller phytase
2154:10.1073/pnas.011512398
2092:Molecular Pharmacology
2022:10.1128/mcb.13.10.6558
935:cAMP catabolic process
880:neutrophil homeostasis
645:triceps brachii muscle
583:ventral tegmental area
50:Human UniProt search:
3451:Endodeoxyribonuclease
3348:Iduronate-2-sulfatase
3101:Glucose 6-phosphatase
2887:Butyrylcholinesterase
2199:10.1096/fj.00-0354com
930:neutrophil chemotaxis
814:gamma-tubulin complex
773:gamma-tubulin binding
591:middle temporal gyrus
3634:Micrococcal nuclease
3469:Deoxyribonuclease IV
3464:Deoxyribonuclease II
3397:Exodeoxyribonuclease
3057:Alkaline phosphatase
2882:Acetylcholinesterase
2333:Nature Biotechnology
829:postsynaptic density
475:4 C6|4 46.99 cM
436:Chromosome 4 (mouse)
334:Chromosome 1 (human)
67:List of PDB id codes
40:Available structures
3489:UvrABC endonuclease
3459:Deoxyribonuclease I
3182:Protein phosphatase
3118:Protein phosphatase
2916:Bile salt-dependent
2904:PAF acetylhydrolase
2453:2005Sci...310.1187M
2145:2000PNAS...9714620S
2104:10.1124/mol.55.1.50
1819:10.5070/D3205022608
910:leukocyte migration
895:signal transduction
571:subthalamic nucleus
3622:Mung bean nuclease
3481:Restriction enzyme
3474:Restriction enzyme
2503:10.1101/gr.4039406
2262:10.1042/BJ20021082
1917:10.1007/BF02290677
1806:Dermatol. Online J
1408:Clinical relevance
1070:ENSMUSG00000028525
868:Biological process
854:excitatory synapse
802:Cellular component
763:hydrolase activity
746:Molecular function
637:supraoptic nucleus
633:olfactory tubercle
3650:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3642:
3641:
3431:
3430:
3423:Oligonucleotidase
3368:deoxyribonuclease
3336:Steroid sulfatase
3211:Phosphodiesterase
2940:Hormone-sensitive
2812:
2811:
2447:(5751): 1187–91.
2065:10.1042/bj3280549
1859:10.1159/000133927
1754:. 23 January 2017
1704:978-3-642-17968-6
1489:atopic dermatitis
1478:
1477:
1390:neurotransmitters
1374:phosphodiesterase
1353:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1322:
1321:
1287:
1286:
1268:
1267:
1210:
1209:
1169:
1168:
1119:
1118:
1102:
1101:
1076:
1075:
1057:
1056:
1031:
1030:
1012:
1011:
960:
959:
753:metal ion binding
730:
729:
726:
725:
681:
680:
668:
667:
629:nucleus accumbens
606:
605:
504:
503:
403:
402:
298:PDE4B - orthologs
230:
229:
226:
225:
3670:
3499:Endoribonuclease
3485:
3479:
3447:
3393:
3379:
3079:Acid phosphatase
2960:Monoacylglycerol
2870:ester hydrolases
2839:
2832:
2825:
2816:
2798:
2783:
2768:
2753:
2738:
2723:
2708:
2693:
2678:
2663:
2648:
2633:
2618:
2603:
2588:
2573:
2553:
2546:
2539:
2530:
2524:
2514:
2480:
2434:
2424:
2415:(11): 1093–101.
2399:
2389:
2364:
2326:
2316:
2283:
2273:
2256:(Pt 2): 429–38.
2240:
2219:
2201:
2176:
2166:
2156:
2123:
2086:
2076:
2059:(Pt 2): 549–58.
2043:
2033:
2000:
1971:
1961:
1936:
1899:
1870:
1832:
1831:
1821:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1740:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1730:
1721:. Archived from
1715:
1709:
1708:
1688:
1677:
1671:
1670:
1660:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1587:
1576:
1575:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1546:
1540:
1530:
1519:
1509:
1473:
1470:
1464:
1452:
1451:
1444:
1418:bipolar disorder
1335:
1334:
1306:
1299:
1282:
1272:
1263:
1219:
1215:RefSeq (protein)
1205:
1173:
1164:
1128:
1106:
1087:
1061:
1042:
1016:
997:
966:
859:synaptic vesicle
736:
722:
713:
706:
699:
692:
677:
617:
615:Top expressed in
610:
567:cartilage tissue
555:
553:Top expressed in
548:
527:
510:
500:
487:
476:
461:
454:
448:
437:
425:
409:
399:
386:
375:
360:
353:
347:
336:
322:
306:
300:
251:
244:
221:
64:
58:
37:
36:
31:
19:
3678:
3677:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3669:
3668:
3667:
3653:
3652:
3651:
3638:
3605:
3493:
3483:
3477:
3440:
3427:
3415:Exoribonuclease
3409:
3386:
3370:
3366:
3357:
3331:Arylsulfatase L
3326:Arylsulfatase B
3321:Arylsulfatase A
3296:
3209:
3200:
3039:
3007:
2869:
2857:
2843:
2813:
2808:
2805:
2799:
2790:
2784:
2775:
2769:
2760:
2754:
2745:
2739:
2730:
2724:
2715:
2709:
2700:
2694:
2685:
2679:
2670:
2664:
2655:
2649:
2640:
2634:
2625:
2619:
2610:
2604:
2595:
2589:
2580:
2574:
2560:
2557:
2527:
2491:Genome Research
2483:
2437:
2402:
2367:
2329:
2299:(22): 8042–57.
2286:
2243:
2222:
2179:
2139:(26): 14620–5.
2126:
2089:
2046:
2016:(10): 6558–71.
2003:
1974:
1939:
1902:
1873:
1844:
1840:
1838:Further reading
1835:
1799:
1798:
1794:
1781:(11): 1236–42.
1772:
1771:
1767:
1757:
1755:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1728:
1726:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1705:
1686:
1679:
1678:
1674:
1643:(12): 699–706.
1630:
1629:
1625:
1618:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1589:
1588:
1579:
1566:
1565:
1561:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1531:
1522:
1510:
1501:
1497:
1474:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1453:
1449:
1442:
1426:PDE4 inhibitors
1410:
1344:View/Edit Mouse
1339:View/Edit Human
1302:
1295:
1292:Location (UCSC)
1280:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1201:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1160:
1156:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1051:ENSG00000184588
944:
863:
834:dendritic spine
797:
793:protein binding
718:
708:
707:
701:
700:
673:
664:
659:
657:temporal muscle
655:
651:
649:muscle of thigh
647:
643:
641:dorsal striatum
639:
635:
631:
627:
613:
602:
597:
595:pars reticulata
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
563:corpus callosum
551:
495:
482:
474:
464:
463:
462:
455:
435:
412:Gene location (
394:
381:
373:
363:
362:
361:
354:
332:
309:Gene location (
260:
247:
240:
73:
51:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3676:
3674:
3666:
3665:
3655:
3654:
3648:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3625:
3624:
3613:
3611:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3598:
3597:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3555:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3529:
3528:
3527:
3518:
3503:
3501:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3491:
3486:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3455:
3453:
3444:
3433:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3419:
3417:
3411:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3401:
3399:
3390:
3376:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3339:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3310:
3308:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3294:
3289:
3279:
3274:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3249:
3248:
3238:
3237:
3236:
3231:
3221:
3215:
3213:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3179:
3178:
3177:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3115:
3114:
3113:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3076:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3053:
3051:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3021:
3019:
3009:
3008:
3006:
3005:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2970:
2969:
2968:
2967:
2965:Diacylglycerol
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2918:
2907:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2894:Pectinesterase
2891:
2890:
2889:
2884:
2877:Cholinesterase
2873:
2871:
2859:
2858:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2834:
2827:
2819:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2806:
2800:
2793:
2791:
2785:
2778:
2776:
2770:
2763:
2761:
2755:
2748:
2746:
2740:
2733:
2731:
2725:
2718:
2716:
2710:
2703:
2701:
2695:
2688:
2686:
2680:
2673:
2671:
2665:
2658:
2656:
2650:
2643:
2641:
2635:
2628:
2626:
2620:
2613:
2611:
2605:
2598:
2596:
2590:
2583:
2581:
2575:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2548:
2541:
2533:
2526:
2525:
2481:
2435:
2400:
2365:
2345:10.1038/nbt971
2327:
2284:
2241:
2220:
2177:
2124:
2087:
2044:
2001:
1972:
1937:
1900:
1871:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1833:
1792:
1765:
1735:
1710:
1703:
1672:
1623:
1616:
1596:
1577:
1559:
1541:
1520:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1476:
1475:
1456:
1454:
1447:
1441:
1438:
1409:
1406:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1331:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1308:
1307:
1300:
1293:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1276:
1275:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1257:NP_001032418.1
1243:
1242:
1216:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1197:
1196:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1152:
1151:
1125:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1110:
1109:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1091:
1090:
1084:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1065:
1064:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1046:
1045:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1020:
1019:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1001:
1000:
994:
988:
987:
982:
977:
973:
972:
962:
961:
958:
957:
946:
945:
943:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
871:
869:
865:
864:
862:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
819:cell periphery
816:
811:
805:
803:
799:
798:
796:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
749:
747:
743:
742:
732:
731:
728:
727:
724:
723:
715:
714:
689:
683:
682:
679:
678:
670:
669:
666:
665:
663:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
625:left lung lobe
622:
619:
618:
607:
604:
603:
601:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
557:
556:
544:
543:
535:
524:
518:
517:
514:RNA expression
506:
505:
502:
501:
493:
489:
488:
480:
477:
472:
466:
465:
456:
449:
443:
439:
438:
433:
427:
426:
418:
417:
405:
404:
401:
400:
392:
388:
387:
379:
376:
371:
365:
364:
355:
348:
342:
338:
337:
330:
324:
323:
315:
314:
302:
301:
258:
254:
253:
245:
237:
236:
232:
231:
228:
227:
224:
223:
69:
68:
60:
59:
48:
42:
41:
33:
32:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3675:
3664:
3661:
3660:
3658:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3623:
3620:
3619:
3618:
3615:
3614:
3612:
3608:
3602:
3599:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3533:
3530:
3526:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3500:
3496:
3490:
3487:
3482:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3452:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3438:
3434:
3424:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3416:
3412:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3384:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3360:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3317:
3316:
3315:arylsulfatase
3312:
3311:
3309:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3293:
3290:
3287:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3247:
3244:
3243:
3242:
3239:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3224:Phospholipase
3222:
3220:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3212:
3207:
3203:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3165:
3164:
3163:
3160:
3156:
3153:
3152:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3124:
3121:
3120:
3119:
3116:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3077:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3059:
3058:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2975:
2974:Phospholipase
2972:
2971:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2909:
2908:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2878:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2840:
2835:
2833:
2828:
2826:
2821:
2820:
2817:
2803:
2797:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2777:
2773:
2767:
2762:
2758:
2752:
2747:
2743:
2737:
2732:
2728:
2722:
2717:
2713:
2707:
2702:
2698:
2692:
2687:
2683:
2677:
2672:
2668:
2662:
2657:
2653:
2647:
2642:
2638:
2632:
2627:
2623:
2617:
2612:
2608:
2602:
2597:
2593:
2587:
2582:
2578:
2572:
2567:
2563:
2554:
2549:
2547:
2542:
2540:
2535:
2534:
2531:
2522:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2380:(1): 308–16.
2379:
2375:
2371:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2339:(6): 707–16.
2338:
2334:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2231:(2): 589–95.
2230:
2226:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2192:(2): 483–91.
2191:
2187:
2186:FASEB Journal
2183:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1983:(2): 239–47.
1982:
1978:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1952:(9): 6470–6.
1951:
1947:
1943:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1882:(2): 237–44.
1881:
1877:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1853:(1–2): 11–4.
1852:
1848:
1843:
1842:
1837:
1829:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1796:
1793:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1769:
1766:
1753:
1751:
1745:
1739:
1736:
1725:on 2015-08-20
1724:
1720:
1714:
1711:
1706:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1685:
1684:
1676:
1673:
1668:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1627:
1624:
1619:
1617:9783642137174
1613:
1609:
1608:
1600:
1597:
1592:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1573:
1569:
1563:
1560:
1555:
1551:
1545:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1472:
1460:
1455:
1446:
1445:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1422:antipsychotic
1419:
1415:
1414:schizophrenia
1407:
1405:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1325:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1283:
1277:
1273:
1270:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1217:
1213:
1206:
1204:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1126:
1124:RefSeq (mRNA)
1122:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1092:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1072:
1071:
1066:
1062:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1008:
1007:
1002:
998:
995:
993:
989:
986:
983:
981:
978:
974:
971:
967:
963:
956:
952:
947:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
872:
870:
867:
866:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
806:
804:
801:
800:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
750:
748:
745:
744:
741:
740:Gene ontology
737:
733:
721:
716:
712:
705:
698:
693:
690:
688:
684:
676:
671:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
623:
620:
616:
611:
608:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
561:
558:
554:
549:
546:
545:
542:
540:
536:
534:
533:
529:
528:
525:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
499:
494:
490:
486:
481:
471:
467:
460:
453:
447:
440:
432:
428:
424:
419:
415:
410:
406:
398:
393:
389:
385:
380:
370:
366:
359:
352:
346:
339:
335:
329:
325:
321:
316:
312:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
255:
250:
243:
238:
233:
222:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
70:
65:
62:
61:
57:
54:
47:
43:
38:
34:
30:
25:
20:
3484:}}
3478:{{
3442:Endonuclease
3373:ribonuclease
3313:
3271:
3096:Nucleotidase
3017:Thioesterase
2801:
2786:
2771:
2756:
2741:
2726:
2711:
2696:
2681:
2666:
2651:
2636:
2621:
2606:
2591:
2576:
2497:(1): 55–65.
2494:
2490:
2444:
2440:
2412:
2408:
2377:
2373:
2336:
2332:
2296:
2292:
2253:
2249:
2228:
2224:
2189:
2185:
2136:
2132:
2095:
2091:
2056:
2052:
2013:
2009:
1980:
1976:
1949:
1945:
1911:(2): 75–86.
1908:
1904:
1879:
1875:
1850:
1846:
1812:(5): 22608.
1809:
1805:
1795:
1778:
1774:
1768:
1756:. Retrieved
1747:
1738:
1727:. Retrieved
1723:the original
1713:
1682:
1675:
1640:
1636:
1626:
1606:
1599:
1571:
1562:
1553:
1544:
1479:
1466:
1458:
1411:
1371:
1363:
1355:
1354:
1279:
1249:NP_001284371
1246:
1239:NP_001284370
1235:NP_001284369
1231:NP_001032418
1227:NP_001032417
1223:NP_001032416
1203:NM_001374780
1200:
1189:NM_001177983
1185:NM_001177982
1181:NM_001177981
1177:NM_001177980
1158:NM_001297442
1155:
1148:NM_001297441
1144:NM_001297440
1140:NM_001037341
1136:NM_001037340
1132:NM_001037339
1113:
1094:
1068:
1049:
1023:
1004:
984:
979:
768:cAMP binding
537:
530:
496:102,464,456
483:101,944,740
257:External IDs
72:
3617:Nuclease S1
3388:Exonuclease
3282:Lecithinase
3111:Calcineurin
3049:Phosphatase
2955:Lipoprotein
2945:Endothelial
2559:PDB gallery
2098:(1): 50–7.
1481:Crisaborole
1424:effects of
1261:NP_002591.2
395:66,374,579
382:65,792,514
235:Identifiers
2930:Pancreatic
2867:Carboxylic
1729:2015-08-21
1539:, May 2017
1518:, May 2017
1495:References
1440:Inhibitors
849:Z discdkac
844:centrosome
541:(ortholog)
278:HomoloGene
3507:RNase III
3365:(includes
3306:Sulfatase
3219:Autotaxin
3083:Prostatic
2935:Lysosomal
2850:esterases
2846:Hydrolase
1469:July 2023
1253:NP_002591
1193:NM_019840
1162:NM_002600
970:Orthologs
286:GeneCards
3657:Category
3601:RNase T1
3363:Nuclease
2998:Cutinase
2521:16344560
2469:16293762
2431:15345747
2396:15331441
2361:27764390
2353:15146197
2323:14585965
2280:12441002
2237:11839681
2216:26315564
2208:11156964
2173:11114167
2120:20419284
1933:19182571
1828:24852768
1787:19876791
1758:28 April
1667:22015021
1535:–
1514:–
1434:dopamine
1430:rolipram
1428:such as
1402:isoforms
1382:hormones
1378:cellular
1328:Wikidata
949:Sources:
839:membrane
3574:RNase E
3569:RNase Z
3564:RNase A
3559:RNase P
3532:RNase H
3150:Phytase
2950:Hepatic
2925:Lingual
2921:Gastric
2512:1356129
2477:3060031
2449:Bibcode
2441:Science
2271:1223190
2141:Bibcode
2112:9882697
2083:9371714
2074:1218954
2040:8413254
1997:8392015
1968:8384210
1925:8009369
1896:7958996
1867:7835077
1658:3253483
1537:Ensembl
1516:Ensembl
1459:updated
1082:UniProt
1037:Ensembl
976:Species
955:QuickGO
824:cytosol
516:pattern
242:Aliases
3512:Drosha
3437:3.1.21
3405:RecBCD
3383:3.1.11
3003:PETase
2911:Lipase
2519:
2509:
2475:
2467:
2429:
2394:
2359:
2351:
2321:
2314:262363
2311:
2278:
2268:
2235:
2214:
2206:
2171:
2161:
2118:
2110:
2081:
2071:
2038:
2031:364715
2028:
1995:
1966:
1931:
1923:
1894:
1865:
1826:
1785:
1701:
1665:
1655:
1614:
1392:. The
1388:, and
1360:enzyme
1358:is an
1314:search
1312:PubMed
1096:Q07343
992:Entrez
687:BioGPS
374:1p31.3
266:600127
3521:Dicer
3476:;see
3302:3.1.6
3272:PDE4B
3268:PDE4A
3206:3.1.4
3175:IMPA3
3171:IMPA2
3167:IMPA1
3045:3.1.3
3013:3.1.2
2863:3.1.1
2473:S2CID
2374:Blood
2357:S2CID
2212:S2CID
2164:18968
2116:S2CID
1929:S2CID
1752:(FDA)
1748:U.S.
1687:(PDF)
1485:boron
1386:light
1364:PDE4B
1025:18578
985:Mouse
980:Human
951:Amigo
539:Mouse
532:Human
479:Start
414:Mouse
378:Start
311:Human
290:PDE4B
274:99557
249:PDE4B
22:PDE4B
3439:-31:
3385:-16:
3371:and
3277:PDE5
3263:PDE3
3258:PDE2
3253:PDE1
3145:PTEN
3130:OCRL
3123:PP2A
3072:ALPP
3067:ALPL
3062:ALPI
2856:3.1)
2802:1y2j
2787:1y2h
2772:1xot
2757:1xos
2742:1xn0
2727:1xmy
2712:1xmu
2697:1xm6
2682:1xm4
2667:1xlz
2652:1xlx
2637:1tb5
2622:1ror
2607:1ro9
2592:1ro6
2577:1f0j
2517:PMID
2465:PMID
2427:PMID
2392:PMID
2349:PMID
2319:PMID
2276:PMID
2233:PMID
2204:PMID
2169:PMID
2108:PMID
2079:PMID
2036:PMID
1993:PMID
1977:Gene
1964:PMID
1921:PMID
1892:PMID
1876:Gene
1863:PMID
1824:PMID
1783:PMID
1760:2020
1699:ISBN
1663:PMID
1612:ISBN
1483:, a
1416:and
1398:cAMP
1367:gene
1006:5142
599:pons
522:Bgee
470:Band
431:Chr.
369:Band
328:Chr.
282:1953
262:OMIM
219:4X0F
215:4WZI
211:4NW7
207:4MYQ
203:4KP6
199:3WD9
195:3W5E
191:3O57
187:3O56
183:3O0J
179:3LY2
175:3KKT
171:3HMV
167:3HDZ
163:3HC8
159:3GWT
155:3G45
151:3FRG
147:3D3P
143:2QYL
139:2CHM
135:1Y2J
131:1Y2H
127:1XOT
123:1XOS
119:1XN0
115:1XMY
111:1XMU
107:1XM6
103:1XM4
99:1XLZ
95:1XLX
91:1TB5
87:1ROR
83:1RO9
79:1RO6
75:1F0J
56:RCSB
53:PDBe
3594:4/5
2507:PMC
2499:doi
2457:doi
2445:310
2417:doi
2382:doi
2378:105
2341:doi
2309:PMC
2301:doi
2266:PMC
2258:doi
2254:370
2194:doi
2159:PMC
2149:doi
2100:doi
2069:PMC
2061:doi
2057:328
2026:PMC
2018:doi
1985:doi
1981:129
1954:doi
1950:268
1913:doi
1884:doi
1880:149
1855:doi
1814:doi
1691:doi
1653:PMC
1645:doi
1281:n/a
1114:n/a
492:End
391:End
294:OMA
270:MGI
46:PDB
3659::
3552:2C
3547:2B
3542:2A
3523::
3514::
3304::
3184::
3173:,
3169:,
3085:)/
3047::
3015::
2984:A2
2979:A1
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2854:EC
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2008:.
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1639:.
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1570:.
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1369:.
953:/
498:bp
485:bp
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284:;
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268:;
264::
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296::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
