316:. The petition called for all scientists to pledge that, from September 2001, they would discontinue submission of articles to journals that did not make the full text of their articles available to all, free and unfettered, either immediately or after a delay of no more than six months. Although tens of thousands signed the petition, most did not act upon its terms; and in August 2001, Brown and Eisen announced that they would start their own nonprofit publishing operation. In December 2002, the
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have pledged that recipients of their grants will be allocated funds to cover such author charges. The Global
Participation Initiative (GPI) was instituted in 2012, by which authors in "group-one countries" are not charged a fee and those in "group-two countries" are given a fee reduction. (In all
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447:. PLOS confirmed in July 2011 that it no longer relies on subsidies from foundations and is covering all of its operational costs. Since then, the PLOS balance sheet has improved from $ 20,511,000 net assets in 2012–2013 to $ 36,591,000 in 2014–2015.
798:. Previously, the company had been located at 185 Berry Street. In June 2010, PLOS announced that it was moving to a new location in order to accommodate its rapid growth. The move to the Koshland East Building went into effect on 21 June 2010.
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342:) that: "The only constraint on reproduction and distribution, and the only role for copyright in this domain, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work and the right to be properly acknowledged and cited."
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361:. Following the merger, the company started the PLOS Hub for Clinical Trials to collect journal articles published in any PLOS journal that related to clinical trials; the hub was discontinued in July 2013.
1008:"Public library of science shifts gears: As scientific publishing boycott deadline approached, advocates of free scientific publishing announce that they will create their own online, free-access archive"
3938:
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awarded PLOS a $ 9 million grant, which it followed in May 2006 with a $ 1 million grant to help PLOS achieve financial sustainability and launch new free-access biomedical journals.
345:
As a publishing company, the Public
Library of Science officially launched its operation on 13 October 2003, with the publication of a print and online scientific journal entitled
3677:
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409:, would be leaving for personal and professional reasons at the end of that year. In May 2017, PLOS announced that their new CEO would be Alison Mudditt with effect from June.
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431:(APC) to be paid by the author or the author's employer or funder. In the United States, institutions such as the National Institutes of Health and the
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1056:"Public Library of Science to launch new free-access biomedical journals with $ 9 million grant from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation"
444:
1194:
412:
In 2021, PLOS announced a policy that required changes in reporting for researchers working in other countries as an attempt to address
1107:
1917:
Doyle, Helen. "Public
Library of Science (PLoS): Committed to Making the World's Scientific and Medical Literature A Public Resource."
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399:, a global initiative that advocates unrestricted access to medical knowledge, sponsoring the first HIFA2015 Webinar in 2012.
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2504:
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1599:
Albanese, Andrew. "Open Access Gains with PLoS Launch: Scientists Call for Cell Press
Boycott; Harvard Balks on Big Deal."
3900:
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1220:
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372:(SDGs). These include the introduction of five new open-access journals in 2021 to publish research relevant to the SDGs:
369:
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2194:
Mellman, Ira. "Setting
Logical Priorities: A Boycott Is Not the Best Route to Free Exchange of Scientific Information."
807:
268:
PLOS created this fictional thank you note from the future to contemporary researchers for sharing their research openly
3081:
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Bernstein, Philip; Cohen, Barbara; MacCallum, Catriona; Parthasarathy, Hemai; Patterson, Mark; Siegel, Vivian (2003).
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since 2000. The PLOS journals are what is described as "open-access content"; all content is published under the
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In 2012, the organization quit using the stylization "PLoS" to identify itself and began using only "PLOS".
2113:
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Our CEO Elizabeth
Marincola is leaving as of 12/31/16 to go to Kenya for personal and professional reasons.
327:, which has been publishing open-access scientific articles in the biological sciences in journals such as
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The PLOS organizers turned their attention to starting their own journal along the lines of the UK-based
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1797:
Case, Mary M. (2001). "Public Access to
Scientific Information: Are 22,700 Scientists Wrong?".
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In 2011, the Public
Library of Science became an official financial supporting organization of
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As of 2024, PLOS publishes 14 academic journals, including 7 journals indexed within the
102:
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2100:
http://www.scidev.net/News/index.cfm?fuseaction=readNews&itemid=1194&language=1
2014:
Foster, Andrea L. "Scientists Plan 2 Online
Journals to Make Articles Available Free."
1988:
1963:
1788:
ARL: A Bimonthly Report on
Research Library Issues and Actions from ARL, CNI, and SPARC
1678:
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1032:
1007:
554:
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3244:
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2650:
2622:
2601:
2532:
2490:
2330:
Stankus, Tony (2003). "The Public Library of Science Passes Its First Biology Test".
2158:
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795:
657:
533:
491:
301:
277:
197:
106:
81:
2322:
2218:
Olsen, Florence. "Scholars Urge Boycott of Journals That Won't Join Free Archives."
848:
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3667:
3566:
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3216:
3165:
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https://web.archive.org/web/20151110091642/http://www.arl.org/newsltr/215/plos.html
470:
347:
185:
180:
1669:
1023:
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The Public Library of Science began in 2000 with an online petition initiative by
2458:
2378:
1891:
1846:
1713:
1625:
1591:"Scientists Take on the Publishers in an Experiment to Make Research Free to All"
921:
3791:
3728:
3723:
3576:
3540:
3418:
3306:
3265:
3181:
2693:
1979:
273:
2275:
https://web.archive.org/web/20041223045509/http://www.the-aps.org/news/PloS.pdf
227:
2187:
293:
110:
1224:
905:"Mechanism for Multiple Ligand Recognition by the Human Transferrin Receptor"
790:
PLOS has its main headquarters in Suite 225 in the Koshland East Building in
246:
The first video published alongside a PLOS article: a model of how the human
3786:
3371:
3140:
2776:
2482:
1275:"PLOS Appoints Alison Mudditt Chief Executive Officer | STM Publishing News"
2397:
2314:
2256:
Public Library of Science. "Open Letter to Scientific Publishers." (2001).
2080:
1997:
1923:
https://nfais.memberclicks.net/assets/ASIDIC/Newsletters/s04_newsletter.pdf
1910:
1865:
1779:
1732:
1687:
1644:
1365:
1041:
940:
2094:
Mantell, Katie. "Open-Access Journal Seeks to Cut Costs for Researchers."
1953:
1810:
958:
3869:
3270:
2930:
2771:
2643:
878:
602:
357:
2436:
2306:
2257:
2251:
3796:
3280:
2975:
2746:
2176:
OCLC Systems & Services: International Digital Library Perspectives
138:
28:
3326:
2950:
2071:
2046:
436:
cases, decisions to publish are based solely on editorial criteria.)
2010:
http://www.guardian.co.uk/life/opinion/story/0,12981,1058578,00.html
1819:
1770:
1753:
1356:
1329:
1564:"PLoS San Francisco office is moving | The Official PLOS Blog"
1540:
1081:
2423:
2406:
812:
253:
234:
2441:
Wadman, Meredith. "Publishers Challenged over Access to Papers."
2348:
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/newsletter/11-02-03.htm#launch
2169:"Of budgets and boycotts: The battle over open access publishing"
1108:"Building a more sustainable future through Open Access research"
1695:
Brown, Patrick O.; Eisen, Michael B.; Varmus, Harold E. (2003).
903:
Giannetti, A. M.; Snow, P. M.; Zak, O.; Björkman, P. J. (2003).
183:
license. It was founded in 2000 and launched its first journal,
3185:
2666:
2486:
2246:
Pickering, Bobby. "Medical Journals to Get Open Access Rival."
1510:
439:
PLOS was launched with grants totaling US$ 13 million from the
368:
in 2023, and has taken steps to support the achievement of the
2662:
2280:
Russo, Eugene (2001). "New Adventures in Science Publishing".
1937:"The Public Library of Science—Open Access from the Ground Up"
1488:
1300:"Announcing a new PLOS policy on inclusion in global research"
2022:
Gallagher, Richard (2003). "Will Walls Come Tumbling Down?".
778:
In April 2017, PLOS was one of the founding partners in the
981:"Professor Michael Eisen: A Pioneer of Open Access Science"
2034:
Kleiner, Kurt. "Free Online Journal Gives Sneak Preview."
1177:"To boldly grow: five new journals shaped by Open Science"
405:
In 2016, PLOS confirmed that its chief executive officer,
2293:
Schubert, Charlotte (2003). "PLoS snaps up Cell editor".
1380:"2010 PLOS Progress Update | The Official PLOS Blog"
2040:
https://www.newscientist.com/news/news.jsp?id=ns99994071
1743:"Public Library Set to Turn Publisher as Boycott Looms."
211:(OASPA), a participating publisher and supporter of the
3884:
2971:
Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition
2204:"Intro to Open Access: The Public Library of Science"
2087:
Malakoff, David. "Opening the Books on Open Access."
3939:
Science and technology in the San Francisco Bay Area
2475:
2232:———. "The Future of the Public Library of Science."
149:
3805:
3747:
3686:
3620:
3595:
3559:
3503:
3467:
3427:
3391:
3382:
3337:
3289:
3232:
3223:
3105:
2984:
2882:
2846:
2795:
2718:
2586:
2555:
2520:
144:
134:
124:
116:
98:
90:
69:
38:
2225:Peek, Robin. "Can Science and Nature Be Trumped?"
1964:"'Free' medical publishing venture gets under way"
2407:"Launching PLoS Biology - six months in the open"
351:, and has since launched 11 more journals. One,
2047:"Journal boycott presses demand for free access"
2360:Thibodeau, Patricia L.; Funk, Carla J. (2004).
2142:"Senior scientists promise to boycott journals"
175:in science, technology, and medicine and other
171:until 2012 ) is a nonprofit publisher of
2411:Serials: The Journal for the Serials Community
842:
840:
3197:
2678:
2498:
1786:Case, Mary. "The Public Library of Science."
1491:. Initiative for Open Citations. 6 April 2017
196:, and consequently 7 journals ranked with an
8:
2926:Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association
2342:Suber, Peter. "The Launch of PLoS Biology."
824:Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association
209:Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association
21:
2239:———. "The Scholarly Publisher as Midwife."
3802:
3388:
3229:
3204:
3190:
3182:
2685:
2671:
2663:
2505:
2491:
2483:
2269:Reich, Margaret. "Peace, Love, and PLoS."
2004:Eisen, Michael. "Publish and Be Praised."
454:
27:
20:
2422:
2387:
2377:
2362:"Quality Information for Improved Health"
2157:
2070:
1987:
1952:
1900:
1890:
1855:
1845:
1818:
1769:
1722:
1712:
1677:
1634:
1624:
1462:. PLOS. 15 September 2015. Archived from
1430:. PLOS. 19 September 2013. Archived from
1355:
1031:
930:
920:
1654:"Public library of science shifts gears"
226:
3891:
836:
1330:"Open-access journal hits rocky times"
1155:United Nations Sustainable Development
1130:United Nations Sustainable Development
735:PLOS Sustainability and Transformation
427:To fund the journals, PLOS charges an
397:Healthcare Information For All by 2015
382:PLOS Sustainability and Transformation
286:Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center
2437:http://www.iwr.co.uk/iwreview/1150688
2258:http://www.plos.org/about/letter.html
2252:http://www.iwr.co.uk/iwreview/1155321
1941:College & Research Libraries News
1799:College & Research Libraries News
1539:. PLoS. 10 March 2008. Archived from
1403:"How far has open access progressed?"
314:Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
250:assists transferrin in releasing iron
207:(DOAJ). PLOS is also a member of the
7:
3934:Organizations based in San Francisco
2966:Registry of Open Access Repositories
1195:"How organisations support HIFA2015"
826:, of which PLOS is a founding member
445:Sandler Family Supporting Foundation
2449:Walgate, Robert (10 October 2003).
1106:Etah, Oben Joseph (21 April 2023).
859:from the original on 1 August 2012
338:. The project states (quoting the
310:University of California, Berkeley
203:PLOS journals are included in the
14:
2916:Directory of Open Access Journals
2220:The Chronicle of Higher Education
2127:Mason, Betsy (20 December 2002).
2016:The Chronicle of Higher Education
1060:Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
983:. The Tower. 2014. Archived from
441:Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
318:Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
205:Directory of Open Access Journals
3906:
3894:
2637:PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
2546:
2159:10.1186/gb-spotlight-20001113-02
2112:Mason, Betsy (13 January 2003).
1537:Internet Archive Wayback Machine
1126:"SDG Publishers Compact Members"
624:PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
2803:Budapest Open Access Initiative
1754:"Who will pay for open access?"
1175:Jacob, Eduard (27 April 2021).
847:Knutson, David (23 July 2012).
433:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
364:PLOS became a signatory of the
340:Budapest Open Access Initiative
217:Committee on Publication Ethics
194:Science Citation Index Expanded
16:Nonprofit open-access publisher
3949:Non-profit academic publishers
2902:Directory of Open Access Books
2431:Velterop, Jan. "Vendor View."
1382:. Blogs.plos.org. 20 July 2011
1:
3782:Open-source software movement
3511:Free and open-source software
3240:Commons-based peer production
2921:Initiative for Open Citations
1697:"Why PLoS Became a Publisher"
855:. Public Library of Science.
780:Initiative for Open Citations
370:Sustainable Development Goals
355:, has since been merged into
284:and at that time director of
282:National Institutes of Health
213:Initiative for Open Citations
3123:List of open-access journals
3113:Access to Knowledge movement
2752:Copyright transfer agreement
2379:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020048
2344:SPARC Open Access Newsletter
2229:20, no. 2 (2003): 19, 50–51.
1892:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020063
1847:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020025
1714:10.1371/journal.pbio.0000036
1626:10.1371/journal.pbio.0000034
922:10.1371/journal.pbio.0000051
808:List of open-access journals
644:PLOS Hub for Clinical Trials
2874:Delayed open-access journal
2737:Subscription business model
2273:2003; 46(4): 137, 139–141.
2140:McLaughlin, Andrew (2000).
2091:, 24 October 2003, 550–554.
1670:10.1093/embo-reports/kve239
1562:Allen, Liz (16 June 2010).
1457:"2014-2015 Progress Update"
1425:"2012-2013 Progress Update"
1024:10.1093/embo-reports/kve239
280:, formerly director of the
56:; 21 years ago
44:; 24 years ago
3965:
3860:Open educational resources
2869:Hybrid open-access journal
2616:PLOS Computational Biology
2129:"New Open-Access Journals"
1603:, 15 November 2003, 18–19.
513:PLOS Computational Biology
33:PLOS logo since March 2020
3648:Open Knowledge Foundation
3638:Open Architecture Network
3455:Open-door academic policy
3131:
2956:Public Library of Science
2941:Open Knowledge Foundation
2782:Article processing charge
2700:
2544:
2514:Public Library of Science
2188:10.1108/10650750410527278
2152:: spotlight–20001113–02.
2105:26 September 2007 at the
2045:Knight, Jonathan (2001).
1980:10.1136/bmj.326.7379.11/b
1609:"PLoS Biology—We're Open"
716:PLOS Global Public Health
429:article processing charge
390:PLOS Global Public Health
165:Public Library of Science
26:
22:Public Library of Science
3633:Free Software Foundation
3546:Open-source architecture
2961:Public Knowledge Project
2946:Open Society Foundations
2936:Open Archives Initiative
2833:NIH Public Access Policy
2433:Information World Review
2248:Information World Review
2114:"Cell Editor Joins PLoS"
1928:5 September 2019 at the
1830:"PLoS Biology in Action"
1401:Sugita, Shigeki (2014).
1151:"SDG Publishers Compact"
819:Open Archives Initiative
3596:Politics and governance
2451:"PLoS Biology Launches"
2202:Ojala, Marydee (2003).
2167:Medeiros, Norm (2004).
2018:, 10 January 2003, A29.
1935:Doyle, Helen J (2004).
1921:, no. 87 (2004): 9–10.
1873:Cohen, Barbara (2004).
1828:Cohen, Barbara (2004).
1752:Butler, Declan (2003).
306:computational biologist
3944:Open access publishers
3901:San Francisco Bay Area
3767:Free software movement
3658:Open Source Initiative
3608:Open-source governance
3491:Open-source journalism
2864:Open-access repository
2198:, 26 April 2001, 1026.
2038:, 19 August 2003, 18.
1652:Brower, Vicki (2001).
1304:The Official PLOS Blog
1279:www.stm-publishing.com
1181:The Official PLOS Blog
1112:The Official PLOS Blog
957:. PLOS. Archived from
366:SDG Publishers Compact
269:
251:
232:
215:, and a member of the
3772:Open science movement
3762:Free-culture movement
3440:Educational resources
3399:Collaborative writing
3276:Participatory culture
2892:The Cost of Knowledge
2445:, 29 March 2001, 502.
2405:Twyman, Nick (2004).
2353:4 August 2012 at the
2263:14 March 2019 at the
2243:18, no. 7 (2001): 32.
2236:19, no. 2 (2002): 28.
1954:10.5860/crln.65.3.134
1811:10.5860/crln.62.7.706
1790:, no. 215 (2001): 4.
1748:, 2 August 2001, 469.
879:"Choose Your Journal"
336:"attribution" license
267:
245:
230:
177:scientific literature
99:Headquarters location
3551:Open-source hardware
3529:Open-design movement
3522:Open-source software
3290:Research and science
2787:Predatory publishing
2609:PLOS Clinical Trials
2222:, 6 April 2001, A43.
576:PLOS Clinical Trials
353:PLOS Clinical Trials
248:transferrin receptor
231:The Open Access logo
189:, in October 2003.
173:open-access journals
120:Alison Mudditt (CEO)
3833:Free Cultural Works
3777:Open Source Ecology
3663:Open Web Foundation
3560:Economic principles
3517:Free/libre software
3414:Participatory media
3042:Republic of Ireland
2859:Open-access mandate
2573:Elizabeth Marincola
2461:on 4 December 2003.
2435:, 1 December 2001.
2307:10.1038/nm0203-154b
2098:, 15 January 2004.
2063:2001Natur.413....6K
1805:(7): 706–709, 716.
1348:2006Natur.441..914B
1306:. 27 September 2021
1221:"HIFA2015 Webinars"
1006:Brower, V. (2001).
697:PLOS Digital Health
580:(later merged into
407:Elizabeth Marincola
386:PLOS Digital Health
298:Stanford University
65:(public operations)
23:
3699:Alexandra Elbakyan
3643:Openmod Initiative
3480:Citizen journalism
3357:Open communication
3338:Data, information,
3261:Open collaboration
2838:Research Works Act
2828:Geneva Declaration
2813:Bethesda Statement
2808:Berlin Declaration
2762:Scientific journal
2563:Michael W. Carroll
2008:, 9 October 2003.
1962:Eaton, L. (2003).
1062:. 17 December 2002
987:on 1 November 2015
417:parachute research
270:
252:
233:
3882:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3870:Open Web movement
3855:Open Data Indices
3709:Peter Murray-Rust
3653:Open Rights Group
3616:
3615:
3499:
3498:
3352:Knowledge commons
3179:
3178:
2742:Subscribe to Open
2660:
2659:
2346:, no. 67 (2003).
2241:Information Today
2234:Information Today
2227:Information Today
1919:ASIDIC Newsletter
1764:(6958): 554–555.
1596:, 6 October 2003.
1437:on 7 October 2014
1247:"PLOS on Twitter"
1201:on 20 August 2016
961:on 11 August 2014
771:
770:
265:
243:
158:
157:
135:Nonfiction topics
129:Academic journals
125:Publication types
91:Country of origin
3956:
3911:
3910:
3899:
3898:
3897:
3890:
3865:Open music model
3829:Definition docs
3818:Creative Commons
3803:
3719:Richard Stallman
3714:Douglas Rushkoff
3628:Creative Commons
3404:Democratic media
3389:
3312:Notebook science
3230:
3206:
3199:
3192:
3183:
2912:
2909:
2897:Creative Commons
2823:Durham Statement
2757:Academic journal
2687:
2680:
2673:
2664:
2550:
2549:
2538:Harold E. Varmus
2528:Patrick O. Brown
2507:
2500:
2493:
2484:
2479:
2478:
2476:Official website
2462:
2457:. Archived from
2428:
2426:
2401:
2391:
2381:
2339:
2326:
2289:
2271:The Physiologist
2215:
2191:
2173:
2163:
2161:
2136:
2121:
2089:Science Magazine
2084:
2074:
2072:10.1038/35092675
2031:
2001:
1991:
1974:(7379): 11b–11.
1958:
1956:
1914:
1904:
1894:
1869:
1859:
1849:
1824:
1822:
1783:
1773:
1741:Butler, Declan.
1736:
1726:
1716:
1691:
1681:
1648:
1638:
1628:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1543:on 10 March 2008
1529:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1507:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1468:
1461:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1436:
1429:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1376:
1370:
1369:
1359:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1257:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1223:. Archived from
1217:
1211:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1197:. Archived from
1191:
1185:
1184:
1172:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1035:
1003:
997:
996:
994:
992:
977:
971:
970:
968:
966:
951:
945:
944:
934:
924:
900:
894:
893:
891:
889:
875:
869:
868:
866:
864:
844:
455:
333:Creative Commons
290:Patrick O. Brown
266:
244:
154:
151:
145:Official website
77:Patrick O. Brown
64:
62:
57:
52:
50:
45:
31:
24:
3964:
3963:
3959:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3953:
3919:
3918:
3917:
3905:
3895:
3893:
3885:
3883:
3874:
3801:
3749:
3743:
3704:Lawrence Lessig
3694:Tim Berners-Lee
3682:
3612:
3603:Open government
3591:
3587:Sharing economy
3572:Open innovation
3555:
3495:
3484:Wiki journalism
3463:
3423:
3409:Open publishing
3384:
3378:
3339:
3333:
3297:Citizen science
3285:
3225:
3219:
3210:
3180:
3175:
3151:Open government
3127:
3118:Access2Research
3101:
2980:
2904:
2884:
2878:
2842:
2791:
2714:
2696:
2691:
2661:
2656:
2582:
2551:
2547:
2542:
2516:
2511:
2474:
2473:
2470:
2465:
2448:
2404:
2359:
2355:Wayback Machine
2329:
2295:Nature Medicine
2292:
2279:
2265:Wayback Machine
2250:, 21 May 2004.
2201:
2171:
2166:
2139:
2126:
2111:
2107:Wayback Machine
2044:
2021:
1961:
1934:
1930:Wayback Machine
1875:"PLoS Medicine"
1872:
1827:
1796:
1771:10.1038/425554a
1751:
1694:
1664:(11): 972–973.
1651:
1606:
1601:Library Journal
1585:
1580:
1579:
1569:
1567:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1546:
1544:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1516:
1514:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1494:
1492:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1472:
1470:
1469:on 4 March 2016
1466:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1408:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1385:
1383:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1357:10.1038/441914a
1324:
1323:
1319:
1309:
1307:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1283:
1281:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1255:
1253:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1230:
1228:
1227:on 7 April 2012
1219:
1218:
1214:
1204:
1202:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1174:
1173:
1169:
1159:
1157:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1134:
1132:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1090:
1088:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1065:
1063:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1018:(11): 972–973.
1005:
1004:
1000:
990:
988:
979:
978:
974:
964:
962:
953:
952:
948:
902:
901:
897:
887:
885:
877:
876:
872:
862:
860:
849:"New PLOS look"
846:
845:
838:
833:
815:e-print archive
804:
788:
776:
579:
453:
425:
423:Financial model
254:
235:
225:
148:
86:
60:
58:
55:
53:
48:
46:
43:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3962:
3960:
3952:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3921:
3920:
3916:
3915:
3903:
3880:
3879:
3876:
3875:
3873:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3851:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3827:
3826:
3825:
3820:
3809:
3807:
3800:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3753:
3751:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3690:
3688:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3624:
3622:
3618:
3617:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3610:
3605:
3599:
3597:
3593:
3592:
3590:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3563:
3561:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3537:
3536:
3526:
3525:
3524:
3519:
3507:
3505:
3501:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3471:
3469:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3457:
3452:
3442:
3435:Open education
3431:
3429:
3425:
3424:
3422:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3395:
3393:
3386:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3376:
3375:
3374:
3369:
3362:Open knowledge
3359:
3354:
3349:
3343:
3341:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3331:
3330:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3299:
3293:
3291:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3247:
3242:
3236:
3234:
3227:
3221:
3220:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3201:
3194:
3186:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3161:Open knowledge
3158:
3153:
3148:
3146:Open education
3143:
3138:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3109:
3107:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2988:
2986:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2899:
2894:
2888:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2854:Self-archiving
2850:
2848:
2844:
2843:
2841:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2799:
2797:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2722:
2720:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2707:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2692:
2690:
2689:
2682:
2675:
2667:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2647:
2640:
2633:
2630:PLOS Pathogens
2626:
2619:
2612:
2605:
2598:
2590:
2588:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2580:
2578:Cameron Neylon
2575:
2570:
2565:
2559:
2557:
2553:
2552:
2545:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2517:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2502:
2495:
2487:
2481:
2480:
2469:
2468:External links
2466:
2464:
2463:
2446:
2439:
2429:
2417:(2): 127–131.
2402:
2357:
2340:
2332:Technicalities
2327:
2301:(2): 154–155.
2290:
2277:
2267:
2254:
2244:
2237:
2230:
2223:
2216:
2199:
2192:
2164:
2146:Genome Biology
2137:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2092:
2085:
2042:
2032:
2019:
2012:
2002:
1959:
1947:(3): 134–136.
1932:
1915:
1870:
1825:
1794:
1784:
1749:
1739:
1738:
1737:
1649:
1604:
1597:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1554:
1524:
1502:
1480:
1448:
1416:
1393:
1371:
1317:
1291:
1266:
1238:
1212:
1186:
1167:
1142:
1117:
1098:
1073:
1047:
998:
972:
946:
895:
870:
835:
834:
832:
829:
828:
827:
821:
816:
810:
803:
800:
787:
784:
775:
774:Other partners
772:
769:
768:
759:
756:
750:
749:
740:
737:
731:
730:
721:
718:
712:
711:
702:
699:
693:
692:
683:
680:
674:
673:
664:
661:
653:
652:
649:
646:
640:
639:
630:
627:
619:
618:
609:
606:
598:
597:
588:
585:
571:
570:
561:
558:
555:PLOS Pathogens
550:
549:
540:
537:
529:
528:
519:
516:
508:
507:
498:
495:
487:
486:
477:
474:
466:
465:
462:
459:
452:
449:
424:
421:
329:Genome Biology
325:BioMed Central
224:
221:
156:
155:
146:
142:
141:
136:
132:
131:
126:
122:
121:
118:
114:
113:
100:
96:
95:
92:
88:
87:
85:
84:
79:
73:
71:
67:
66:
40:
36:
35:
32:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3961:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3902:
3892:
3888:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3838:Free Software
3836:
3834:
3831:
3830:
3828:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3815:
3814:
3811:
3810:
3808:
3804:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3746:
3740:
3739:John Wilbanks
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3691:
3689:
3685:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3625:
3623:
3621:Organizations
3619:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3600:
3598:
3594:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3582:Open standard
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3558:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3530:
3527:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3502:
3492:
3489:
3485:
3481:
3478:
3477:
3476:
3475:Citizen media
3473:
3472:
3470:
3466:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3437:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3426:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3390:
3387:
3385:and learning
3383:Communication
3381:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3340:and knowledge
3336:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3304:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3292:
3288:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3252:
3248:
3246:
3245:Crowdsourcing
3243:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3231:
3228:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3207:
3202:
3200:
3195:
3193:
3188:
3187:
3184:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3156:Open hardware
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3133:
3130:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3104:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2983:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2910:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2885:organizations
2881:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2794:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2717:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2702:
2699:
2695:
2688:
2683:
2681:
2676:
2674:
2669:
2668:
2665:
2653:
2652:
2651:PLOS Currents
2648:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2623:PLOS Genetics
2620:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2606:
2604:
2603:
2602:PLOS Medicine
2599:
2597:
2596:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2585:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2554:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2533:Michael Eisen
2531:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2508:
2503:
2501:
2496:
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3171:Open source
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1091:29 November
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2985:By country
2847:Strategies
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1409:26 October
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461:Inception
378:PLOS Water
312:, and the
294:biochemist
117:Key people
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3141:Open data
2992:Australia
2777:Postprint
2338:(6): 4–5.
2288:(21): 12.
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1511:"Contact"
1441:1 January
1066:24 August
965:24 August
955:"History"
915:(3): e1.
853:PLOS BLOG
831:Footnotes
766:2767-3219
747:2767-3197
728:2767-3375
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3504:Products
3317:Research
3271:Openness
3072:Portugal
2931:OpenAIRE
2908:Wikidata
2772:Preprint
2719:Concepts
2710:Timeline
2644:PLOS One
2587:Journals
2521:Founders
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2351:Archived
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2261:Archived
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582:PLOS ONE
443:and the
358:PLOS ONE
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3367:Content
3281:Sharism
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3032:Hungary
3022:Germany
3012:Denmark
3002:Belgium
2997:Austria
2976:Sci-Hub
2747:Paywall
2729:versus
2705:History
2059:Bibcode
1989:1168941
1679:1084138
1570:4 March
1547:4 March
1517:4 March
1495:6 April
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